I ABC-TRIZ Introduction to Creative Thinking with Modern TRIZ Modeling III Michael A. Orloff

ABC-TRIZ Introduction to Creative with Modern TRIZ Modeling

With 11 learning modules and approximately 300 examples

3-in-1: Book I: How to Learn to Invent Book II: How to Become a Genius Book III: Primary Instruments (Summary)

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Michael A. Orloff Academy of Instrumental Modern TRIZ (AiMTRIZ) Berlin Germany

ISBN 978-3-319-29435-3 ISBN 978-3-319-29436-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-29436-0

Library of Congress Control Number: 2016933241

© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made.

Printed on acid-free paper

This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland V

For my son Nikolai – with love and respect for his creative talent and his superior teaching skills, and for responsiveness and patience he is instilling not only in his students, but also in me VI

This book is being published in a remarkable year. It is the 60th anniversary of the first TRIZ article (1956) and the 55th anniversary of the first TRIZ-book (1961) by Genrikh Altshuller, founder of TRIZ. The origins of TRIZ and ARIZ arose from this first article and book! This year is also the 90th anniversary of the birth of Genrikh Altshuller and his classmate and brother-in-arms, Raphael Shapiro, co-author of the first article. The great is seen from a distance! Really, the concept and ideas of TRIZ—Theory of Invention of Genrikh Altshuller—are the source of an absolutely peculiar way of creative design thinking, systematic creative knowledge, and skills for the further development of civilization. TRIZ finds more and more users and followers! Modern TRIZ carefully maintains historical continuity with the fundamental ideas of TRIZ initiators, facilitates understanding, and develops the effective application of these ideas. Dear readers will see this succession in dozens of methodological parallels and applied examples in this book, ABC-TRIZ, and will read about Altshuller and Shapiro as well as other great persons. VII

Zhao YANG (China), MSc: I am deeply convinced that Modern TRIZ should be intensively disseminated in China.

Adehi GUEHIKA (Cote d`Ivoire, now in Canada): I think that e- in Modern TRIZ could become my second or maybe first occupation.

Oktay TABAK (Turkey): It is very interesting to model with MTRIZ any artifact and open the creative driver of its design.

Khairul KAMARUDIN (Malaysia), PhD, MSc: Great MTRIZ e-courses! Interesting applications for green technologies are possible.

Eduardo ROCHA (Mexico): This is invaluable MTRIZ-knowledge that I would like to bring not only in my engineering specialty, but also in every university and even in every school.

Camila MARTINEZ, Business Intelligence Analist (Brazil): I would like to disseminate MTRIZ in Brazil. This is important for our companies and universities.

Prerak CONTRACTOR (India): Modern TRIZ and e-courses on MTRIZ are absolutely irreplaceable for both engineers and managers!

Sugeng WAHYUDI, MSc (Indonesia, now in Singapore): It is possible with MTRIZ to model historical development of systems as I realized it my Master thesis!

Khaled SHOAIB (Egypt): Modern TRIZ is absolutely careful study for both initial training and applied design thinking! VIII

El Gouna Center of Technical University Berlin, Egypt, January 20th, 2016

Michael A. Orloff is a founder of the Academy of Instrumental Modern TRIZ (AIMTRIZ, Berlin, 2000), author of MTRIZ educational modeling with techniques "Extracting", "Reinventing" and "Meta- of Invention T-R-I-Z". The Academy of Instrumental Modern TRIZ has the partners in 18 countries and continues to develop educational Modern TRIZ society around the world. His training and consulting are well known at many companies including SIEMENS (for postautomation and electrotransportation directions, Berlin, Germany), Advanced Institute of Technology (for system development, Suwon, S. Korea), universities in China (till 1000 trainees in auditorium at 2-day trainings), Kazakhstan, Korea, Russia, etc. Till now about 500 innovative and inventive solutions (many of them are patented by customers) were made with the author’s consulting and (on the order of customer or together with Think Tank Teams) at more than 120 enterprises. He lectures MTRIZ at TU Berlin in partnership with Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (ILR) for European programs TEMPUS and ERASMUS MUNDUS and others, for international Master of Science programs "Global Production Engineering" and "Entrepreneurship and Management", and "Energy Engineering" (with attendees from faculties "Urban Engineering" and "Water Engineering") at Campus El Gouna, Egypt, as well as a part of some executive education programs at Center for Leadership Development Research (CLDR) of ESMT European School of Management and Technology (Berlin). From 2015 he is a staff professor for MTRIZ e-learning at Chair of pedagogy and methodology of natural science education of the National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute). This textbook also includes the examples of pilot projects for teachers and students of high schools and universities in co-operation with MEPhI and UNESCO Institute of Informational Technologies in Education (IITE). This book is addressed, first and foremost, to teachers and students of technical universities, but certainly it can be successfully used by teachers and students of all professions without limitation, as well as by high school students and teachers.

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Standardized Modern TRIZ Meta-Algorithm of Invention Standardized Presentation and Accumulation of Expertise Standardized Mass-scale Training Standardized Individual and Collective Application

About the Title of the Book

The ABC series of books has always been respected. They open doorways to the mysteries of the world—and they do that by teaching people to read and thereby partake of the wisdom and experience and the thoughts and feelings of other people. They help people cultivate understanding and empathy. May this book become your primer. May it help you discover modern TRIZ, which essentially is epitome of modern invention theory.

About the Title of the EASyTRIZTM Training System

The title EASyTRIZTM has two connotations: 1) it contains a reference to the adjective easy, and 2) it is based on a radiolocation abbreviation EASy, which stands for Early Acquisition System (target acquisition and locking-in as early as possible to develop an efficient reaction). With respect to training objectives, it is interpreted as Easy Acquisition System for TRIZ: To obtain the right learning and skills as early as possible for efficient problem solving.

X "TRIZ" is an acronym from the Russian title for the book, "Theory of Inventive Problem Solving": Теория Решения Изобретательских Задач (ТРИЗ) ‒ Teoriya Resheniya Izobretatel‘skih Zadach (TRIZ)

It behooves me to emphasize from the outset our inventive problem-solving methodology is not a recipe for making inventions. The methodology does not replace, or serve as a substitute for, technical knowledge. It can only help use that knowledge with maximum efficiency. Instead of randomly searching for answers with huge expenditure of energy and time, it offers a rational system. …Imagine a boxing match. The boxers need both "brawn and brain": strong muscles are important, but so are special fighting skills. The same is true for the "combat" between the inventor and a technical problem. Knowledge, experience, abilities – all these are the "brawn" of the inventor, while the methodology teaches him not to waste his strength on inefficient fist-swinging. Naturally, mastery of the methodology does not guarantee that the inventor will exceed Popov or Edison. Well, by the same token mastery of a college physics course does not guarantee that the student will, with time, exceed Newton or Einstein. To have great creative talent is not enough to create great inventions. Historical conditions have to be conducive, and many other things must occur at the same time to make that happen. The methodology does not negate the role that can be played by abilities. It assumes that, to varying degrees, each human being has certain talents. The methodology should be used primarily to resolve ordinary inventive problems – those that any inventor encounters on a daily basis. The methodology helps develop [the] talents and put them to good use. 1

Genrikh Altshuller

1 G. S. Altshuller How to Learn to Invent. – Tambov: Tambov Book Publishers, 1961 (in Russian) XI

This course is an invitation to boost your power to discern:

™ the beautiful in the practical, ™ the amazing in the mundane, and ™ the simple in the complex.

The emblem of our Modern TRIZ Academy bears a biblical maxim2:

Be transformed by the renewing of your mind.

This course is invitation to change yourself, to become more inventive and powerful, so that you learn to overcome obstacles, to transform the "impossible" into the possible, and simply to rejoice in creating beautiful ideas and useful solutions.

2 Romans 12:2; the original Latin text is: Transformamini renovatione mentis. Source: Nova Vulgata, Apostoli ad Romanos Epistula Sancti Pauli, 12 (2). The fact that we quote the Bible does not mean that we are biased toward any particular religion, nor are we trying to proselytize the reader. It simply means that we are drawing wisdom from a specific historical literary source. XII

XIII XIV XV Table of Contents

Book I How to learn to invent 1

ABC-TRIZ: Discover the Simple in the Complex 3

On the effectiveness of our skills 5

1 Miracle of Invention 7

1.1 Five "easy" tasks to warm up 7 1.2 Secret of the Miracle 12 1.3 Everyone Is an Inventor! 15 1.4 Workshop for Chapter 1 18

2 Toward the Modern TRIZ 19

2.1 TRIZ 19 2.2 A-Studio of Modern TRIZ 22 2.3 MTRIZ-herbie! 27 2.4 Workshop for Chapter 2 30

3 TRIZ of Invention 31

3.1 Before TRIZ: Meta-Algorithm of Brainstorming 31 3.2 Meta-Algorithm of Invention ARIZ-1956 33 3.3 Meta-Algorithm of Invention T-R-I-Z (MAI T-R-I-Z 1995) 35 3.4 Workshop for Chapter 3 40

4 Modeling the Problem 41

4.1 Contradictions 41 4.2 Standard Contradiction (SC) 43 4.3 Radical Contradiction (RC) 47 4.4 Contradiction as an Attribute of Development 51 4.5 Workshop for Chapter 4 57 Table of Contents XVII

5 Ext racting 59 5.1 Efficient Models in Each Artifact 59 5.2 Extracting as Key Teaching and Training Method in MTRIZ 61 5.3 Primary and Advanced Extracting 63 5.4 Workshop for Chapter 5 67

6 Inventing 71

6.1 Algorithm START T-R-I-Z™ 71 6.2 Solving the Standard Contradiction with Method BICO 74 6.3 Solving the Radical Contradiction with Method RICO 81 6.4 Workshop for Chapter 6 85

7 Reinventing 87

7.1 Reinventing as Fundamental Teaching and Training Method 87 7.2 Key Practical Procedures of Reinventing 90 7.3 Science and Art of Reinventing 93 7.4 Workshop for Chapter 7 116

8 Answers to Tests 117

Chapters 1 – 3 117 Chapter 4. Modeling the problem 118 Chapter 5. Extracting 130 Chapter 6. Inventing 132

Book II How to become a genius 133

To Seek and Not to Yield 135

TRIZonal Concept 138

9 Operative Zone 141

9.1 Reinventing of Operative Zone (OZ) 141 9.1.1 Definition of OZ 141 9.1.2 Reinventing with MAI T-R-I-Z 143 XVIII Table of Contents

9.2 Transformation of OZ 147 9.2.1 Actors of OZ 147 9.2.2 Resources of OZ 152 9.2.3 Ideal Target Modeling 159 9.3 OZ makes this itself 165 9.3.1 Altshuller's Experiment-1: Girl’s Brilliant Solution! 165 9.3.2 Altshuller's Experiment-2: Boy’s Brilliant Solution! 169 9.3.3 Moscow Kremlin Stars: Turn Harm into Good! 174 9.3.4 Memories of the Future: This is da Vinci! 188 9.3.5 Does Sir Norman Foster like da Vinci also? 200 9.3.6 Water from Air: The Magic Particles in OZ. 205 9.4 Workshop for Chapter 9 210

10 Directed Development of Systems 217

10.1 System Development and Evolution 217 10.1.1 TRIZ Laws 217 10.1.2 String "Rail Sky Way" 225 10.2 Transfer of Experience 243 10.2.1 We learn by example: Exemplis Discimus 243 10.2.2 Professional Specialization 275 10.2.3 The Nature invents! 279 10.3 Advanced Reinventing Cases 286 10.3.1 Originated from SIEMENS 286 10.3.2 Per Aspera Ad Astra! 294 10.3.3 Per Aspera Ad Orbis: Into Space… on a Wheel! 316 10.3.4 Let’s do it! 318

11 The Origins of Creative Personality 323

11.1 Josef von Fraunhofer 323 11.2 Werner von Siemens 328 11.3 Konstantin Tsiolkovsky 337 11.4 Jacob Perelman 340 11.5 Genrikh Altshuller 344 11.6 Steve Jobs 350 11.7 Richard Branson 353 11.8 Anatoly Yunitskiy 357 11.9 It’s Your Choice! 362 Ta ble of Con tent s XIX

Book III Primary instruments (Summary) 365

S1 TRIZ 367 S2 Invention is an in-depth look 368 S3 Mentality levels of idea generating 369 S4 Directed problem-solving with TRIZ 370 S5 System tendency to ideality 371 S6 Limitation of main system characteristic 372 S7 Breakthrough of main system characteristic 373 S8 Levels of invention 374 S9 Invention complexity 375 S10 Meta-Algorithm of Invention T-R-I-Z (MAI T-R-I-Z 1995) 376 S11 Modern TRIZ: Standardization of Training, Practice, and 377 Problem Solving on the Basis of MAI T-R-I-Z S12 Reinventing on the base of MAI T-R-I-Z 378 S13 Inventing on the base of MAI T-R-I-Z 379 S14 Standard Contradiction 380 S15 Radical Contradiction 381 S16 START: Simplest TRIZ-Algorithm of Resourceful 382 Thinking S16.1 START: integrated scheme 382 S16.2 START-pass through Standard Contradiction 383 S16.3 START-pass through Radical Contradiction 384 S17 Operative zone 385 S18 Resources 386

S19 Resolving of Standard Contradiction on the method BICO 387 (Binary In Cluster Out) S20. Example "Swimmer" (reinventing) 388 S21 A-matrix 390 S21.1 List of 39 Plus and Minus factors 390 S21.2 Table of A-matrix 391 XX Table of Contents

S22 As-catalogue 394 S22.1 List of 40 navigators (specialized transformations) 394 S22.2 Table of As-catalogue (text form) 395 S22.3 As-catalogue (with pictures) 399 S23 Resolving of Radical Contradiction on the method RICO 409 (Radical In Cluster Out) S24 Example "Diver" (reinventing) 410 S24.1 Solution-pass through Standard Contradiction 410 S24.2 Solution-pass through Radical Contradiction 412 S25 Afs-catalogue 414 S26 Af-catalogue for four fundamental models with examples 415 S27 Simple form for Extracting-1 418 S28 Examples of form of Extracting-1 419 S29 "START-form" for reinventing 420 S30 Example "Ice for a Drink" at "START-form" 421 S31 Brief Junior-form for Extracting and Reinventing 422 S32 Example "Fischer’ Dowel" at brief Junior-form 423 S33 "Junior-form" for reinventing (two pages) 424 S34 Example "Leonardo da Vinci's Bridge" at "Junior-form" 426 S35 As-catalogue (with reinventing) 428 S36 Af-catalogue for four fundamental models with reinventing 508 S37 Terms and abbreviations 516 S38 Main Web sites for AIMTRIZ 516