MUS 379K/387L: Twentieth-Century Orchestral Music Tuesday & Thursday 2:00 pm – 3:30 pm MRH 2.610 Spring 2019 Professor Alison Maggart Office: MRH 3.714 Office Hours: Mondays 10:30 am – 12:00 pm and by appointment Open Sound Meditations: TBD Email:
[email protected] Course Overview The twentieth century produced some of the most challenging and provocative works in the western art music tradition. In the absence of any dominant style, a diversity of compositional approaches and musical philosophies questioned previous distinctions between music, sound, noise, and silence; reconfigured the relationships between composer, performer, and audience; reconceived the roles of time, space, tonality, timbre, and rhythm in musical structure; and reimagined the significance of the subconscious, emotion, and author in the creative process. A deepening historical consciousness led to rejections and reinterpretations of past styles and forms. New technologies and increasing globalization expanded composers’ sonic palettes. And boundaries between popular, folk, and art music disintegrated. During this period, orchestral music – as the most public declaration of a composer’s musical philosophy – was subject to more external pressure than any other repertoire. The nineteenth- century legacy of the symphony made the genre particularly loaded: having been both the locus of hotly-contested ideological and formal debates and the foundation for canonization, symphonic composition was often approached with caution, proclaimed exhausted, or viewed as a retreat into the past during the twentieth century. As Stravinsky put it at mid-century, “Though the standard orchestra is not yet an anachronism, perhaps, it can no longer be used standardly except by anachronistic composers.” Economic and political stresses also affected composition, contributing, for example, to the decline of orchestral compositions during the interwar years and the revivification of traditional forms under Soviet Realism.