An Analysis of Tourism Sector in Karnataka – Special Reference to Mandya District

Home , Mandya, Tourism in Karnataka

International Journal of Research in Economics and Social Sciences (IJRESS) Available online at: http://euroasiapub.org Vol. 8 Issue 1, January- 2018 ISSN(o): 2249-7382 | Impact Factor: 6.939 |

AN ANALYSIS OF TOURISM SECTOR IN KARNATAKA – SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MANDYA DISTRICT

Dr. S. P. Kiran1 Post-Doctoral Fellow, DOS in Economics and CO-Operation, Manasa Gangothri, University of Mysore, Mysuru

Dr. Yogesh H. S.2 Post-Doctoral Fellow, DOS in Economics and CO-Operation, Manasa Gangothri, University of Mysore, Mysuru

Abstract: Tourism planning involves considering all the tourism resources, organizations, markets and developing programmes. It also considers economic, social, cultural, ecological and environmental aspects of tourism development. In total landscape of Karnataka is 1, 91,976sqkm area, Mandya has 4962 sqkm area. By this, Mandya stands 19th in its geographical area in Karnataka. The annual growth rate of tourist’s arrival during the period of 2000-2010 in KRS. It’s clearly observed that the highest tourist’s arrival during the period of 2004 is 3573526 it means AGR is 161.74 in the total tourist arrival. The lowest tourists’ arrival stands in the year of 2005 are AGR - 35.77 of the total percentage of the total tourist arrival of KRS. The highest revenue generated during the period of 2003, the AGR is 87.79 in total revenue. The monthly incomes of the respondents in the study area 40 percentages of respondents have been earning1500-25000RS per month. Each of the 30 percentage respondents have been earning 5000-15000 and 25000-35000 of income per month respectively. The safety and security of tourists in KRS, around 50 percentage of tourists said good about safety and security in KRS and 45 percentage of tourists expressed the excellent and 5 percentage of tourist gave the average opinion about the safety and security of tourists in the study area.

Key Words: Tourism, KRS, Tourists, Street Vendors and Mandya.

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International Journal of in Economics and Social Sciences (IJRESS) Vol. 8 Issue 1, January- 2018 ISSN(o): 2249-7382 | Impact Factor: 6.939

Introduction: Planning is the process of identifying objectives and defining and evaluating methods of achieving them. Tourism planning involves considering all the tourism resources, organizations, markets and developing programmes. It also considers economic, social, cultural, ecological and environmental aspects of tourism development. Successful tourism planning and development means serving both tourists and also local residents. Planning tourism at all level is essential for achieving the tourism goals. The experience of many countries in the world has demonstrated that the planned approach to the development of tourism can bring benefits to any country in the long run without any adverse consequences. Only when it is not planned, it is likely to lead to environmental and social problems. The special characteristics of tourism sector make it particularly beneficial in terms of general economic development. Tourism like any other economic activity flourishes well when proper planning is done. Tourism planning should be included in the general economic and social planning. This coordinated approach will have a direct bearing on the success of the tourism industry. A proper planning of the physical, legal, financial, promotional, social and environmental aspects can help tourism development on a sustainable basis. Planning could be undertaken either at the national or at the regional level. The state of Karnataka was established in the year of 1956, under the States Reorganization Act. The state was originally called the state of Mysore and later renamed Karnataka in 1973. The state covers an area of the 1, 91,976 sq.km. or 5.8 percentage of the total geographical area of India. It is the eighth largest Indian state by area wise with over 61 million inhabitants (2011), likes in the state Karnataka is the ninth largest state by population, comprising 30 districts. The state forms a part of two well defined macro regions of Indian Union; the Deccan Plateau and the Coastal plains and Islands. The State has four physiographic regions viz. Northern Karnataka Plateau, Central Karnataka Plateau, Southern Karnataka Plateau and Karnataka Coastal Region. Karnataka is well- connected by a wide network of air, rail and road transport with important destinations of the country as well as of the globe. Bangalore being the capital of the state is well connected by air, rail and road. The year of 2016-17 the GDP growth rate 17 percentage and 5th rank in the GDP. The state of Karnataka is one of the top ten domestic tourism destinations in India and was ranked 4th in 2015. The state has various tourism assets such as beaches, hill stations, heritage monuments, national parks, wild life sanctuaries etc. With the largest number of institutes in hotel management and catering Technology in the state Karnataka has a large pool of skilled human resources. The tourism sector is attracting significant investment by domestic and global players as infrastructure is being promoted to meet the needs of the growing tourist activity. Through the Karnataka Tourism policy 2009-14, the state government sets a vision to promote tourism as Karnataka’s principal and largest economic activity, as an employer, revenue-generator and engine of growth, and placing it among the top two tourism destinations in India by 2016-17. Karnataka State possesses various attractive spots of natural beauty and rich cultural heritage. There is an array of ancient sculpture sites of heritage value, breathtaking landscape, exotic wildlife, temple towns, heritage sites, forts, Sandalwood forests, coffee plantations, waterfalls, wildlife, Western Ghats and hill stations. In this background, there are ample opportunities for tourism in Karnataka.

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Objective and Methodology of the study:

The paper mainly focuses on the Evaluate the tourism activities of Mandya district especially on KRS. The study based on both primary and secondary data. The secondary data collected from “various government reports, ministry of commerce and tourism, Karnataka tourism deportment official website, Indian institute and commerce” etc. The literature also gathered from several respected journals, books news papers, publications etc. The primary data collected from Officials of the KRS Department, Street vendors of the KRS and Tourist Visitors of the KRS with the help of questionnaires schedules. Mandya district is one of the top most tourist place in Karnataka state. We have seen seven taluks in the district. As per the information of district statistical office, Mandya, sriranga Patna taluk most popular in the event of tourist place. Especially Krishna Raja Sagar, more than one lakh people are visited daily. In this regard I have purposefully selected KRS for Research survey. I have collected100 samples out of this 50 samples from street vendors of KRS and 50 samples from tourist visitors of KRS. The data analysis carried out by using Simple statistical methods like Annual Growth Rate, Compound Growth Rate, Percentage and average as these are help us to understand the importance of tourism sector in study area. Mandya District Profile at a Glance: Earlier Mandya was a part of Mysuru district, was ably administered by a band of Dewan, who had exceptional political calibre and administrative skills. As a result Mysuru achieved the status of being “Model state” in Indian administration set up. The enlightened Maharajas of Mysuru always aimed and promoted progressive reforms of the state which even influenced Mandya district. Mysuru district was composed of 13 taluks and one Jagir in 1930.There were 3 subdivisions Nanjangud,Chamarajanagara, Gundalpet, T. Narsipura taluks formed the Nanjangud subdivision and Mysore, Hunsur, Heggadaevan Kote and Yedatore taluks formed, Srirangapatna sub division, Mandya, Malavalli, Nagamangala and Krishnarajpet formed the French Rock subdivision. After the construction of Krishna raja Sagar dam, the importance of the area now comprising the Mandya district grew and in order to facilitate the acquisition of land in connection with the Irwin canal [now Vishwesshwararah canal] the resettlement of the newly irrigated tracts a new revenue subdivision was constituted in1928 with Mandya as its headquarters. The Maddur taluk was merged with Mandya taluk with effect from 1st May 1931. The Hirode Melukote and chinkurli Hoblies were included in Srirangapatna taluk. The Government finally decided in 1939 to be the Mysure district and to constitute, with effect from 1st July 1939, a new district to be known as Mandya district with headquarters at Mandya. The present Mandya district came into being as a separate administration district with effect from 1st July1939 as the ninth district in the old Mysuru State. Geography: Mandy District is part of Mysuru plateau in the South Indian Peninsula. The District lies between 76° 19' and 77° 20' East Longitude and 12° 13' and 13° 04' North Latitude. It is bounded on the North by Hassan and Tumkur district, on the east byTumkur and Bangalore districts, on South by Mysuru district and on the West by the Hassan and Mysuru District. In total landscape of Karnataka with 1, 91,976sqkm area, Mandya has 4962 sqkm area. By this, Mandya stands 19th in its geographical area in Karnataka. Here Nagamangala has bigger

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geographical area of 1044.7 sq km this occupies almost 21 percentage of the total Mandya district. Even though Mandya taluk has dense population, it has area of 699.06 sqkm and thus it is in 4th position and Srirangapatna taluk stands in the last place with just 6.9 percentage of area. Table- 1 clearly represents the annual growth rate of tourist’s arrival during the period of 2000-2010 in KRS. It’s clearly observed that the highest tourist’s arrival during the period of 2004 is 3573526 it means AGR is 161.74 in the total tourist arrival. The lowest tourists’ arrival stands in the year of 2005 are AGR -35.77 of the total percentage of the total tourist arrival of KRS. Table- 1.Growth Rate of Tourist arrivals in KRS during the period of (2000-2010) Year Tourist arrival Annual growth rate

2000 1173665 ------

2001 1345117 14.60

2002 1484382 10.50

2003 1365282 -8.02

2004 3573526 161.74

2005 2294944 -35.77

2006 2602741 13.41

2007 2680128 2.97

2008 1677015 -37.42

2009 1841587 9.81

2010 1947435 5.74 Source. Department of Tourism, Mandya. Table- 2 clearly represents the growth rate of revenue earning from the tourist arrival in KRS during the period of 2001-2009. The highest revenue generated during the period of 2003, the AGR is 87.79 in total revenue. Followed by the lowest revenue generated in the year of 2002 the AGR is - 33.83 of the total percentage of the total revenue earnings in the year between 2001-2009.

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Table – 2. Growth Rate of Revenue Earning from the Tourists Arrival in KRS (2001-2009). Year Revenue earning Annual form tourist growth rate

2001 44531760 -----

2002 29463330 -33.83

2003 55331130 87.79

2004 68848320 24.42

2005 63842910 -7.27

2006 69215640 8.41

2007 78333360 13.17

2008 84303150 7.62 2009 84153570 -0.17 Source: Department of Tourism, Mandya.

Analysis of primary data: Mandya district is one of the top most tourist places in Karnataka state. We have seen seven taluks in the district. As per the information of District Statistical Office, Mandya, sriranga Patna taluks most popular in the event of tourist places. Especially Krishna Raja Sagar, more than one lakh people are visited daily. In this regard I have purposefully selected KRS for Research survey. I have collected 100 samples from street vendors (50) of KRS and tourist visitors of KRS (50). This section is classified into two categories Part A include the survey of the Street vendors of KRS and Part B describe the survey of Tourists in KRS.

Part- A Opinion Survey of the Street Vendor in KRS. The Table-3 clearly illustrates the gender of the respondents in the study area as per the given table more than 85 percentages of the respondents are male and only 15 percentage of the respondent are female in the KRS at street vending time. So this data clearly explain that in the study area more street vendors are male. Because lack of safety and security in evening time for the female street vendors, so government creates more safety for the female street vendors in the tourism destination.

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Table- 3. Percentage Share of Gender Respondents of the Street Vendors in the Study Area. Frequ Per Valid Gender ency cent Percent M 17 85. 85.0 ale 0

F 3 15. 15.0 emale 0 T 20 10 100.0 otal 0.0 Source: Field Survey Computed By Researcher.

The Table 4. shows that education level of the respondents out of the samples 20 per cent of the respondent have completed primary and PUC education, 55 percentage of respondent in secondary education, and 5 percentage of respondent are in degree holders. So it is very clear that the mejority of the respondents are less educated.

Table-4 Educational Levels of the Respondents in the Study Area. Education level Freq Per Valid uency cent Percent Primary 4 20 20.0 Education .0 Secondary 11 55 55.0 Education .0 PUC 4 20 20.0 .0 Degree 1 5. 5.0 0 Total 20 100 100.0 .0 Source: Field Survey Computed By Researcher.

The Table- 5 clearly explain that the monthly income of the respondents in the study area. As per the sample survey more than 40 percentages of respondents have been earning1500-25000RS per month. 30 percentages of respondents have been earning 5000-15000 and remaining 30 percentage of street vendor got 25000-35000 of income per month.

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Table-5 Monthly Incomes of the Respondents in Study Area. Monthly Frequ Perc Valid Income ency ent Percent 5000- 6 30. 30.0 15000 0 15000- 8 40. 40.0 25000 0

25000- 6 30. 30.0 35000 0 20 10 100.0 Total 0.0 Source: Field Survey Computed By Researcher. Part – B. Opinion survey of the tourists in KRS: In this project the study has taken 50 samples from the tourists in KRS because to know the purpose of highest tourists arrival to KRS and opinion of the tourists about KRS and to know about infrastructure, safety and security of the tourists in the study area. The Table -6 illustrates the tourism purpose of the visitors. In this study area here this table clearly shows that around 65 percentage of the tourist arrival to the recreation, only 15 percentage of the tourist arrival for the study purpose and remaining 20 percentage of tourist’s arrival because of leisure and time spend with their family.

Table- 6 Purpose of the Visitors to Visit KRS.

Purpose Freque Perc Valid ncy ent Percent

Leisur 4 20.0 20.0 e Study 3 15.0 15.0 Recrea 13 65.0 65.0 tion 20 100. 100.0 Total 0 Source: Field Survey Computed By Researcher. The Table- 7 explains that the infrastructure facility in KRS, 50 percentage of tourist opined that the availability of infrastructure average, 45 percentages of tourists opined that good and 5 percentage of tourists opined that excellent the infrastructure facility.

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Table – 7. Tourists Opinion On Infrastructure Facilities in Study Area.

Freque Perce Valid Infrastructure ncy nt Percent Exce 1 5.0 5.0 llent Good 9 45.0 45.0

Aver 10 50.0 50.0 age Total 20 100.0 100.0 Source: Field Survey Computed By Researcher.

The table- 8 clearly explains the safety and security of tourists in KRS. This the table clearly says that out of 100 percentage ,50 percentage of tourists said good about safety and security in KRS and 45 percentage of tourists expressed the excellent and 5 percentage of tourist gave the average opinion about the safety and security of tourists in the study area. In this opinion clearly reflect that the efficiency of the security force in the study area.

Table- 8 Particulars of Safeties and Security of Visitors in KRS. Safely and Freque Perce Valid security ncy nt Percent

Exce 9 45.0 45.0 llent Goo 10 50.0 50.0 d

Aver 1 5.0 5.0 age Tota 20 100.0 100.0 l Source: Field Survey Computed By Researcher.

Conclusion: Tourism is major component of service industry, and is emerging at a tremendous speed around the world. With increasing scope for economic development the activities of the people become widened. Individuals, groups, states, nations and the world altogether started found new ways and means to achieve the target of economic development. This Paper clearly explained the Mandya district tourism development and also its profile. From the survey it was also found to be employment opportunities, income generation, savings, infrastructure, safety and security measures of the study area. Boarding facilities is average and most of the people used travel by car inside the city. Other than this they also use two wheelers, tempo, and buses and very few of them use autos for travelling with in the city from one destination to another because of the lack of government transportation availability in the destination. In this regard the survey clearly said opinion about

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infrastructure facilities 50 percentage of tourist opined that the availability of infrastructure average, 45 percentage of tourists opined that good and 5 percentage of tourists opined that excellent the infrastructure facility. The more tourist arrivals are only the domestic tourists, very less numbers of tourists are foreigners because of lack of infrastructure and accommodations facilities so the government have to create more facilities to attract foreign tourists. The development of tourism Sector Government should be providing proper infrastructure facilities, like Road, drinking Water, sanitation and transportation etc.

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