JUST TRANSITION AND EMPLOYMENT IN Commitment by the Government to totally phase- out lignite by 2028

Project Study Shut-down of all current lignite-fired power Framework production plants in W. and Megalopolis by 2023

EU Green Policies, Green Deal, Just Transition Mechanism, Sustainable Europe Investment Plan

The masterplan developed by the Hellenic Ministry of Energy and the Environment for the transition of lignite regions

Project: “A Just Transition for East and South Europe, (WWF Greece, WWF Germany, WWF Poland, WWF Bulgaria) 2 LIGNITE PHASE-OUT SCHEDULE

2020 2020-2023 2023-2028 Critical dependence on Differentiation of the power lignite of the domains of Transition Period production mix, touting on employment, economic -3,35GW RES activities and energy self- (Excluding Ptolemaïs V) sufficiency, particularly in the case of the West Macedonia Restructuring of the local Region and the Regional Regional Economy based Unit of on the orientations Critical period for retaining formulated under the Master Progressive phase-out of Plan and in local strategies lignite-based activity by 8% part of jobs as well as (overall), starting as of 2011 containing loss of income

3 LOCALISED APPROACH Population transformation ratio %: -7 (compared to 2011)

GDP, mio. €: 3.963 (2018), R.U, of Kozani 2.245, R.U. of 847 Region of : •Per Capita GDP, €:14.663 (2017), R.U of Kozani 15.947, R.U of 2 Regional Units involved Florina 17.776 •Per Capita GDP., % EU average: 59 3 Municipalities involved (2018) Unemployment rate(>15 y.o), %: 25 (2019) • Youth unemployment rate (15 - 24), %: 53,5 (2019) Municipality of Eordea & Municipality of Kozani – the two most affected Poverty-threatened population municipalities in the percentage, %: 21,6 (2019) Region

Contribution of the sectors of power & extraction in Gross Value Added (GVA) : 1.3 bio. € 4 LOCALIZED APPROACH Population transformation rate, %: -3 (compared to2011)

GDP, mio. €: 3.963 (2018), R.U. Region of the Peloponnese: , Μ€ 1.407 •Per capita GDP, €: 13.903 (2017), 1 Regional Unit involved RU of Arcadia 16.983 •Per capita GDP, % EU average: 57 1 Municipality involved (2018)

Unemployment rate (>15 y.o), %: 12 (2019) • Youth Unemployment rate (15 - 24), %: 34,5

Percentage of poverty- The municipality impacted threatened population %: 19,7 in the Region is the (2019) Municipality of Megalopolis

Contribution of the sectors of power & extraction in Gross Value Added (GVA): 1.6 bio. € 5 STRENGTHS •Abolition of the polluting activity – Transition to cleaner forms of energy •Protection of the Environment – Compliance with the “Polluter Pays” principle •Reduction of fines •Local sustainability SWOT Analysis •Important energy investments and networks in place •A fresh human capital of scientists and engineering technology specialists developed over the last decade for the region of W. WEAKNESSES Macedonia and the • Short period of time – Rapid lignite phase-out – Impossibility to achieve a direct transformation of the local economy • A sizeable portion of the local economy is found to be directly (and, considered by territorial unit, region of the almost exclusively) associated to lignite-related activities • Considerable number of workers impacted – Low educational level Peloponnese with • Limited room for transformation of specific entrepreneurial activities • Urban-planning & Zoning constraints respect to lignite • Constraints in the matter of innovation phase-out • Inefficient transports network and infrastructures – Weak supply chain OPPORTUNITIES •Development of clean energy – Development of an energy hub in the RWM •Development of a new development model - Valorisation of various local comparative advantages •Fostering new entrepreneurial activities –Attracting private investment –Bestowing extroversion unto RWM •Utilization of the Just Transition Fund •Implication of the University of West Macedonia (to the benefit of RWM)

THREATS •Inertia of the local communities and distancing of the latter from the process of shaping locally relevant policies –Waiting for the implementation of a top-to-bottom approach •Low rate of adjustment of the human resources –Formation of a group of unemployed featuring specific characteristics-Workforce drain •Impossibility of application by the agencies involved, of selected transition strategies 6 1. PPC Seasonal Staff 2. PPC Suppliers and Subcontractors

DIRECT IMPACT

7 Estimates as to the overall number of jobs directly or indirectly associated to lignite-related activities in RWM and ROP (Source: SMEI GCICTNG, 2020, HSA 2019)

RWM ROP

Directly associated • 05 Coal and Lignite Extraction Directly associated activities • 08 Other mines and quarries activities • 23 Production of other non-metallic mining products 9.469 workers • 35 Electrical power, natural gas, steam and climatization supply 1.775 workers

• 25 Manufacture of metallic products Indirectly related • 28 Manufacture of machinery and misc. equipment activities Indirectly related • 33 Machinery & Equipment repairing and installation activities 5.667 workers • 45 Whole- & Retail Sale & Repairing of motorized vehicles & motorcycles 8.681 workers • 49 Land transports and transfers over pipelines

Workers in RWM per two-digit reference Code (3d Quarter 2019) 8 Estimates as to the turnover of activities directly or indirectly associated to lignite-related activities in RWM and ROP (source: HSA 2019)

RWM ROP

• 05 Coal and Lignite Extraction Directly associated Directly associated activities • 08 Other mines and quarries • 23 Production of other non-metallic mining products activities 160.202.390 € • 35 Electrical power, natural gas, steam and climatization supply 21.766.030 €

• 25 Manufacture of metallic products Indirectly related • 28 Manufacture of machinery and misc. equipment activities • 33 Machinery & Equipment repairing and installation Indirectly related • 45 Whole- & Retail Sale & Repairing of motorized vehicles & 433.204.310 € motorcycles activities • 49 Land transports and transfers over pipelines 77.115.490 €

9 Insight in income generated in association with lignite-related activities, within the three critical R.U. (Source: HSA 2017)

RU of Florina RU of Kozani RU of Arcadia Business Turnover: Business Turnover: Business Turnover: Directly associated Directly associated Directly associated activities activities activities €24.753.670 €165.892.340 €98.881.520 Indirectly associated Indirectly associated Indirectly associated activities activities activities €12.833.240 €25.356.650 €21.766.030

10 Insight in employment associated to lignite-related activities in the four relevant Municipalities (Source: HSA 2017)

Municipality of Municipality of Eordea Kozani (Ptolemais) Workers in: Workers in: Directly related Directly related activities:1.734 activities: 926 Indirectly related Indirectly related activities: 280 activities: 136

Municipality of Municipality of Amyntaeon Megalopolis Workers in: Workers in: Directly related Directly related activities: 215 activities:116 Indirectly related Indirectly related activities: 84 activities: 34

11 The affected “context” in figures (Source: PPC)

RUs of Kozani & RU of Arcadia Local Economy (other indirectly affected sectors) Florina Contribution by Contribution by €1.3 billion, to GAV €1.6 billion. to Businesses active in the fields of vehicle supply, transportation of WM (51% for GAV of ROP (23%) and maintenance (fields indirectly affected) Kozani, 40% for Florina) 1.365 employed by 364 employed by subcontractors subcontractord Seasonal Staff & Subcontractors (PPC direct -99.415.000€ -68.198.000€ suppliers) turnover (direct turnover (direct sub-contracting) sub-contracting) 468 Seasonal w. 11 Seasonal w. Public Power Corporation (ΔΕΗ) 3.146 PPC staff 738 PPC staff

Gravity varies by region The RU of Kozani is the one most impacted 12 Staff and contracting expenditure rollout over time (source: PPC)

OVER TIME EVOLUTION OF CONTRACT COSTS ESTIMATION OF THE NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES (THOUSAND €) IN CONTRACTING COMPANIES OVER TIME

Megalopolis Lignite center W. Macedonia Lignite Center W. Macedonia Lignite Center Megalopolis Lignite Center

Γραμμική (Megalopolis Lignite center) Γραμμική (W. Macedonia Lignite Center) Γραμμική (W. Macedonia Lignite Center) Γραμμική (Megalopolis Lignite Center)

1,900

211,805 1,682

206,188 -28% 204,056

-50% (-47% since 2015) 1,591

173,411

1,365

1,265

155,526

126,998

123,057

118,881

99,415

69,454

68,118

65,641

63,262

61,631

60,791

60,247

59,668

56,681

364

350

295

253 244

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

13 Human Resources Directly Impacted (seasonal workers and staff employed by contractors – Source: PPC)

RWM ARCADIA

• 468, SE and BE • 11, Technical Seasonal staff Technical Specialties Specialties • Secondary Educ. & Seasonal Staff Basic Educ. Graduates • Average age ~ 40 years • 1.365 Technical Specialties Subcontractor • 364, Technical Staff • Secondary & Basic Education Subcontractor Specialties Graduates • Secondary Educ. staff & Basic Educ. Graduates

14 Sectors most impacted amongst RWM businesses (Research sample amongst businesses under the Lignite Phase-Out Observatory)

Turnover percentual distribution per impacted sector over the triennial 2017-2019 (main activity) *fiscal domicile of the establishment * 2017 2018 2019

ECONOMO-TECHNICAL PROJECTING 0.00% 9.890.631,28 € 15.890.221,35 € 23.039.698,32 € MECHANICAL ENGINEERING WORKS IN GENERAL 0.01% 6.987.432,96 € 10.230.743,00 € 6.280.845,93 € MAINTENANCE AND REPAIRWORKS OF MOTORIZED VEHICLES 0.02% KOZANI 10.452.746,23 € 13.626.542,85 € 21.747.744,92 € MANUFACTURE OF STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS AND PARTS THEREOF 0.16% PTOLEMAÏS 43.598.052,57 € 55.003.252,47 € 42.998.026,14 € LAND AND TERRAIN PREPARATION WORKS- EVACUATION WORKS 0.17% FLORINA 8.171.611,18 € 7.482.319,75 € 9.174.339,72 € INSTALLATION OF INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY & EQUIPMENT 0.37%

MAINTENANCE AND REPAIRWORKS FOR VEHICLES AND LIGHT MOTOR. VEHICLES 0.49% TOTAL / PRG 62.222.409,98 € 76.112.115,07 € 73.920.110,78 € GRAND TOTAL 79.100.474,22 € 102.233.079,42 € 103.240.655,03 € REPAIR & MAINTENANCE OF MINES, QUARRIS AND STRUCT. W. MACHINERY 0.71% MAINTENANCE & REPAIRWORKS ON PRODUCT ELEVATION MACH. (CRANES ETC.) 1.10% Turnover for 2017-2019 RWM OTHER UNSPECIFIED CONSTRUCTION WORKS USING PRIVATELY OWNED MATERIAL 1.92% OTHER UNSPECIFIED CIVIL ENGINEERING WORKS 2.33% Main: 183.472.899,27€ i.e. 64,5% METAL PAINTING AND VARNISHING 4.50% Secondary: 101.101.309,40 € i.e. 35,5% MINERALS, RAW MATERIALS ETC. TRANSPORTATION BY WAY OF SPECIAL PURPOSE VEHICLES 5.60%

CONSTRUCTION WORKS FOR POWER PLANTS 38.87%

EXCAVATION AND LAND REMOVAL WORKS 43.75%

0.00% 5.00% 10.00% 15.00% 20.00% 25.00% 30.00% 35.00% 40.00% 45.00% 50.00% 15 Sectors most impacted amongst businesses in RWM 2019 turnover (research sample amongst businesses under the Lignite Phase-Out Observatory) Main Activity Secondary Acitivty

EXCAVATIONS AND LAND REMOVAL WORKS 23.606.373 OTHER CIVIL ENGINEERING WORKS 5.438.809

DEVELOPMENT OF OTHER CONSTRUCTIONS AND PARTS THEREOF CONSTRUCTION WORKS FOR POWER GENERATION PLANTS 6.173.772 34.195.837 IN IRON, STEEL OR ALUMINUM MINERALS EA. TRANSPORT SERVICES BY WAY OF SPECIAL PURPOSE VEHICLES 2.739.215 MINERALS EXTRACTION AND EVALUATION SERVICES 4.311.940

METAL PAINTING AND VARNISHING SERVICES CONSTRUCTION WORKS WORKSITE PREPARATION WORKS 1.428.235 1.758.637

DEVELOPMENT OF MISC. UNSPECIFIED CIVIL-ENGINEERING WORKS LANDFILLING WORKS 859.531 1.498.354 CONSTRUCTION OF METAL FRAMES AND PARTS THEREOF 2.260.372 OTHER CONSTRUCTION WORKS USING OWN MATERIAL 733.947 WORKSITE PREPARATION 638.504 REPAIRWORKS ON WARE ELEVATORS 839.399 LONG-DISTANCE PIPELINE CONSTRUCTION WORKS 1.501.582

MINEWORKS MACHINERY REPAIR SERVICES ETC. 561.609 REPAIR & MAINTENANCE SERVICES FOR MACHINERY USED FOR THE MOVING OF PRODUCTS (FORK-LIFTS, SKIP CARS, TROLLEYS, 569.860 CONVEYOR BELTS E.A.)

Total 65.933.371 23.182.605

EXCAVATION AND LAND REMOVAL WORKS & POWER GENERATION PLANTS CONSTRUCTION WORKS accounting for 56% of the Turnover Turnover 2019: €103.240.655 16 Staff rollout over time in RWM businesses involved in lignite-related activities (research sample amongst businesses considered by the Lignite Phase-Out Observatory)

Workers per Main Activity Payroll Payroll Payroll Wage Invoice Wage Invoice Wage Invoice ACTIVITY REFERENCE CODE 2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 2019 MANUFACTURE OF STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS AND PARTS THEREOF 1,1 1,2 1,4 1,8 1,7 2,2 METAL PAINT ABD POLISH WORKS 16,5 48,6 15,1 0,9 3,4 2,2

REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE WORKS ON WARE ELEVATORS (CRANES, FORK-LIFTS, SKIP CARS, 4,9 7,5 8,6 1,4 1,3 1,3 CLARK E.A.)

REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE WORKS ON MINE & QUARRY MACHINERY AND CONSTRUCTION WORKS 22,0 22,6 27,3 1,6 1,2 1,7 EQUIPMENT

INSTALLATION OF INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY & EQUIPMENT 15,0 10,0 12,5 2,5 1,5 1,5

CONSTRUCTION WORKS FOR POWER GENERATION PLANTS 318,1 365,9 441,3 20,0 25,4 29,1

CONSTRUCTION OF MISC. UNSPECIFIED CIVIL ENGINEERING WORKS 78,0 122,0 134,0 2,0 2,0 2,0 SOIL AND TERRAIN PREPARATION WORKS – EVACUATION WORKS 4,0 3,0 4,0

EXCAVATION AND LAND REMOVAL WORKS 99,0 104,6 116,0 30,4 26,5 22,2

OTHER UNSPECIFIED CONSTRUCTION WORKS, DEVELOPPED WITH OWN MATERIAL 15,2 19,6 6,8 2,3 3,9 1,4

MAINTENANCE AND REPAIRWORKS OF MOTORIZED VEHICLES 1,2 1,2 0,8

MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR WORKS MOTORCARS AND OTHER MINOR MOTORIZED VEHICLE USED 13,4 9,8 4,9 2,0 2,6 3,1 FOR WARE TRANSPORT SERVICES INVOLVING TRANSPORT OF MINERALS, RAW MATERIAL ETC BY SPECIAL PURPOSE 35,0 35,0 35,0 20,0 20,0 20,0 VEHICLES

TOTAL 623 751 808 85 89 87

17 Main Professional Categories impacted

• SE Drivers, Engine Attendants – • SE Technical Projects Machinery Operators Operators • SE Construction Works Technicians • SE Installations Electrical Technicians • SE Technicians • SE Machinery Technicians for • BE Unskilled Workers Installations and Equipment • SE Drivers, Engine Attendants – Operators • SE Electronics Engineers • SE Technicians • SE Assistant Drivers, Engine Attendants, Operators • BE Menial Workers Seasonal Subcontractors Workers

18 Jobs coupling in projected fields of development

SE Technical Projects Machinery Operators Sectors identified are Industry?, Arts & Crafts x not directly Skills SE Installations Electrical and Trade x associated to the Technicians qualified human SE I\Machinery Clean Energy? resources impacted Technicians for Sustainable Tourism x Installations & Equipment • 1.833 directly Technology x and impacted jobs in Impacted Impacted SE Drivers, Engine Education x RWM Attendants, Operators Smart farming x • 375 in the RA SE Electronics Engineers Overall number of

SE Technicians Development of Fields jobs directly SE Assistant Drivers, impacted: Engine Attendants, 2208 Jobs Operators

19 Conditions governing the transition of directly affected human resources

Employment in decommissioning and land restoration works

Coupling with the sector of constructions (mostly Public Works)

Buttressing the process of transition to sectors of Industry and on to specific energy- related activities ○ A Hindrance: the low level of education and the fact of people being qualified for technical works not in the high demand within the labour market Employment of a certain number of workers in infrastructure development / investment projects ○ Difficulty in the transition of a considerable number of in the area Drivers/Machinery Operators

20 1. Suppliers active in the field of transports, dispatching and vehicle maintenance 2. Sectors amongst which the family income is distributed

Indirect Impact

21 Breakdown of the impact on income

Direct Employment Multipliers are applied to calculate Taxation indirect impact Taxation, Direct Income Social Security Contributions Payroll cost Household 100€ PPC Net Wages Income Jobs Indirect expense in Distribution subcontracting Investments Employment Taxation Indirect Income Other Taxation, Operational Social Security Expenses Contributions Expenses Payroll cost Household Suppliers Net Wages Income Jobs Distribution Investments Other operational ex. Expenditure

Supplies

22 Income & Employment Multipliers for the RWM (zero scenario) 29.500.000€* PPC Subcontractor payroll x 3,1 = 91.450.000€ income taken off the local economy.

Income: Losses of 3,1€ for local economy for every 1€ taken off lignite- Type ΙΙ Closed relates activities Multipliers (Source: The Technical Chamber of Employment: 3,28 Greece / WM Equivalent Labor Chapter) Units (ÉLU) lost in the local labor market for every 1 ÉLU taken off PPC’s lignite-related activities 3.146 PPC workers x 3,28 = 10.318 direct, indirect & generated jobs impacted 3.146 direct + 1.833 indirect= 4.979 ~ 5.320 jobs threatened in all other fields *Calculated on the basis of average yearly net revenue (generated) 16.000€ (source IL/Ι GCGW, 2020) 23 Impact on the Regional Unit of Arcadia (zero scenario)

6.037.500€* Payroll of PPC subcontractors x 1,7 = 10.263.750€ income lost for the local economy (~730 indirect jobs) Product Indirect Income: 1,7€ of Horizontal lost in local Multiplier economy for (Source: Road Networks every 1€ taken Observatory WG off lignite-related &ι RP, 2017) activities

Nevertheless, fields with the highest impact are those of the primary and tertiary sectors

*Calculated on the basis of average yearly net revenue 16.000€ (Source LI/GCGW, 2020) 24 1. Jobs created 2. Skills required

Analysing differences

25 Jobs Created & projected flagship investments - RWM Relevance to the current work Projected Investment Master Plan Projection force impacted Photovoltaic parks (~2,3 GW)   7 Flagship -5.100 Direct Jobs Modern Natural Gas Unit  Investment Ventures - ~2.7K at the Energy Research & Technology Valley  Under all Growth construction stage - Waste treatment  Pillars ~2.4K at the operational Green Hydrogen Production Plant  stage Cummulative count of solar panels used to generate heat and power (  2-2,5 bio. Euros CSP CHP) in Flagship Energy storage facilities  -6.400 indirect & Development of a biomass treatment centre  Investment deriving jobs Smart stock raising and animal feed production plant - Ventures both by ~3.3.K at the Smart farming units (e.g hydroponic culture) - private parties and construction stage / ~3.1 Iincentivization towards the developmnent of export-oriented PDO products - through PPP at the operational stage Production of lignie-baed fertilisers and soil additives - Schemes Agricultural product processing and packaging plants - Adventure, Entertainment and Education novel theme park - Wine Tourism Ecosystem after the North Italian model - Long-term sustainable direct jobs ~ 2,400, for Construction of Senior Citizen residences towards the development of a - all investments, with reference to 8,300 silver economy Development of a comprehensive motorized sports center - currently unemployed people Valorisation of cultural heritage sites - Electrιical motion Industrial Park  Model Pharmaceutical Production Plant - Motorized vehicles and vehicle spare parts production plant  Development of a replacement and spare parts production industry (e.g.  panels, cables, W/T, meters) *Blue colour denotes flagship investments in the Region of West Macedonia (RWM) 26 Jobs created & projected support investments in the Region of West Macedonia (RWM)

Relevance to the current work • Investments in energy Projected Investment force impacted contribute to main Land restoration works   investment ventures Gas transmission and distribution networks  • Transports & Construction Energy upgrade of buildings under the “”Savings & Autonomy“ Project  Works account for a vital District heating network upgrade  part in investments Transit logistics center  Completion of road connection (eg E65, A27, EO3, Florina-Prespa, Florina-  , Kleisouras tunnel, Ionia Odos) Strengthening of the railway network and inter-linkage with the national  network  Upgrading of airports (eg utilization of Kozani airport as General Aviation) - Upgrading of social infrastructures (eg New EPAL, Campus, nurseries)

Irrigation projects  Strengthening the brand of local products - Strengthening brand areas as a tourist destination - Ultra-high speed broadband network and fifth generation (5G) mobile - network 27 Skills solely absorbable by related fields – Correlation to flagship investments proposed under the Master Plan for the Region of West Macedonia (RWM)

C: Construction Works Energy Research and Wine Tourism Ultra-modern O: Operation Photovoltaic Parks Modern Natural Gas Technology Valley in Electrical Motion Ultimate Technology Ecosystem fashioned physical rehab (~2.3 GW) Plant cooperation Industrial Park farming production after the North clinic with the University of plants Italian Model West Macedonia C O C O C O C O C O C O C O UE Engineers         ? ? x x ? x VE Technology Engineers         ? ? ? x ? x SE Technical Projects Machinery  x  ? x x x x x x x x ? x Operators SE Installations Electrical Technicians  x  x      ?  ?  ? SE Machinery technicians for  x  x      ?  ?  ? Installations & Equipment SE Drivers, Engine Assistants –  x x x x x x x x x x x x x Operators SE Electronics engineers x x x x      ?  ? x ? SE Τechnicians          ?  x x x SE Aux. Drivers, Engine Assistants  x x x x x x x x x x x x x Operators BE Menial Workers  x  x  x  x  x  x  x

28 Identified deficit mostly concerns the following categories

Energy Research and C: Construction Works Wine Tourism Technology Valley in Ultimate Technology Ultra-modern O: Operation Photovoltaic Parks Modern Natural Gas Electrical Motion Ecosystem fashioned cooperation farming production physical rehab (~2.3 GW) Plant Industrial Park after the North with the University plants clinic Italian Model of West Macedonia C O C O C O C O C O C O C O UE Engineers         ? ? x x ? x VE Technology Engineers         ? ? ? x ? x SE Technical Projects Machinery  x  ? x x x x x x x x ? x Operators SE Installations Electrical Technicians  x  x      ?  ?  ? SE Machinery technicians for  x  x      ?  ?  ? Installations & Equipment

SE Drivers, Engine Assistants –  x x x x x x x x x x x x x Operators SE Electronics engineers x x x x      ?  ? x ? SE Τechnicians          ?  x x x SE Aux. Drivers, Engine Assistants  x x x x x x x x x x x x x Operators BE Menial Workers  x  x  x  x  x  x  x

29 Support Investments contributing to the valorisation

of skills currently available

-

, , )

Odo

)

utilization

G mobile mobile G

)

(

-

Nymphaeo

-

tunnel,Ionia

project project

Aviation

Heating Grid

, , Florina

reinforcement

high high speed broadband

Irrigatiuon works

-

campus, campus, nurseries

Upgrading ofsocial

tourist destinations

telephony telephony networks

Energy of Energy upgrade

Local products brand

Reinforcement Reinforcement ofthe

. . Α27, Ε65, ΕΟ3, Florina

Buildimgs under under the Buildimgs

Feld Recovery Worls Worls Recovery Feld

to the national network

Upgrading of the District

Natural Natural TransmissionGas

infrastructure infrastructure (University

Completion ofRoadworks

networks and 5

“Savings & Autonomy” Autonomy” & “Savings

eg

railroad network linkage &

Prespa Klissoura

Logistics Transit Centre Transit Logistics

and and Distribution Networks

( Ultra

ofKozani airport General as

Reinforcing Reinforcing region brands a Airport upgrades UE Engineers     ?    ?  x x ? VE Technology Engineers     ?    ?  x x ? SE Technical Projects Machinery   ? ? x    x  x x x Operators SE Installations Electrical Technicians ?  ?  ?     ? x x ? SE Machinery technicians for ?    ?     ? x x ? Installations & Equipment SE Drivers, Engine Assistants –  x ? x   ? ? x x x x x Operators SE Electronics engineers x x ? x ? ? ? ?  x x x  SE Τechnicians          x x x x SE Aux. Drivers, Engine Assistants  x ? x     x  x x x Operators BE Menial Workers   ? x x      x x 

30 Impact of the projected investments

Growth ought to rely on sustainable jobs throughout the functioning of investments

The following direct jobs are considered under the Master Plan CONSTRUCTION: OPERATION: Up to -2.760 estimated direct jobs Up to -2.380 estimated direct jobs 80% of the overall number of (direct & indirect) jobs created concerns short-term unemployed people

15% of the overall number of (direct & indirect) jobs created concern shifting to related sectors and labour mobility

5% of the overall number of (direct & indirect) jobs Estimates have it that ~30% of those directly impacted created in the long run are about qualified currently will be employed under the projected investment active staff schemes at the operational stage

31 Investments considered critical to the directly impacted workforce

Relevance to currently active, Investment in related fields impacted workforce Land restoration works  Link to the EU Semester report Decommissioning  Energy upgrade for buildings under the “Saving –  Autonomy” project Investments in clean energy  Investments in circular economy towards waste treatment According to the EU, Greek Municipalities should attain a 55%  recycling objective of 55% by 2025 and of 65% by 2035

Investments in Direct Indirect Consequent clean energy Source Employment Employment Employment coefficient coefficient coefficient

Natural Gas ? Tourkolias et al (2009) 0,06 0,01 0,03

Wind Farms Tourkolias, Mirasgedis (2011) 0,30 0,15 0,14

Photovoltaic Tourkolias, Mirasgedis (2011) 0,76 0,39 0,35

Biomass Tourkolias, Mirasgedis (2011) 0,48 0,19 0,18

Geothermal Tourkolias, Mirasgedis (2011) 0,13 0,06 0,07

32 Energy Investments and Positive Impact on Employment

According to a EUROACE and ILO analysis (2010), in Europe an average 10 jobs are created for every 1 million Euro invested in energy saving – energy efficiency According to an ΙΕΑ analysis (2020), such average is of 16 jobs

A shift is in order, towards RES production equipment production as well as towards the development and deployment of relevant projects, given that – but for the case of biomass – the number of man-days required in too low, even for major investments, according to an IRENA research (2013)

Natural gas contributes by the lowest level of labour intensity, as far as RES are concerned. According to a research by McKinsey (2019) natural gas should ne expected to enter a phase-out process over the next decade This is how the second round of transition will be launched

33 Circular Economy and a positive impact on employment

Full-fledged implementation of EU legislation in the matter of waste should yield €72 billion in savings Boosting the yearly turnover of the waste treatment and recycling sector of the EU by €42 billion As well as generating more than 170.000 direct jobs by 2035 (EU – The Hellenic Ministry for the Environment - 2019 )

Jobs/10.000 tons of waste: 1 in Incineration 6 in Sanitary Landfilling 36 in Recycling 296 Reuse and Refurbishment

34 1. Investments 2. Skills required

Projection and Transition Framework

35 Best Practices: what lessons drawn from the European experience?

Transformation into adjacent of Economic, social security-related Investment incentives and economic activities and social measures, especially programs-ensuring an effective for those> 45 years old licensing framework

Maintain a sufficient transition benefit period workforce Ensuring job transition through Structural support for industries support programs Investments

Spatial planning - Land Uses the to Provision of support measures to (reuse) Incentives for businesses and companies (existing and new) impacted employees

Efficient governance mechanism the Environmental restoration-land

identifying to identifying limitations

- neasures

Diversification of the local the of Diversification Targeted retraining based on the restorations Partnership and social needs of the labor market- commitment Transition programs Upgrading and completing

infrastructure and networks

the possibilities of transformation of possibilities the economy Targeted Development of support mechanisms

Ruhr: Intervention programs were designed on a local basis, with the various levels of local government collaborating with chambers, local entrepreneurs, banks and coal workers' unions. Adequate transition time, significant resources, and a comprehensive transition plan based on a strong industrial policy were provided. Networks of regions and communities were created, where there were coal mines, with the aim of protecting and promoting the common industrial and cultural heritage, as a comparative advantage, also creating opportunities for tourism development. Nowadays, the Ruhr region has managed to develop new diversified sectors of economic activity, focusing mainly on information technology, biomedicine, environmental protection technologies, etc. In this context, the region managed to create the densest network of higher education institutions in Germany (5 universities and 8 technical colleges) and 36 technology centres, while more than 600 companies are active in the region. Best practices: how to deal with the impacted workforce

 ?   ?

•Design and •Design and •Design and •Provision for subsidies •Support for the implementation of implementation of implementation of unemployed by way of subsidized early policies and programs policies and programs unemployment benefits retirement policies and for early retirement for early retirement and one-time benefits programs, (incentives) and (incentives) and

Spain compensation for jobs compensation for job •Creating a social

•Design and lost Poland loss security framework implementation of through ublic funding

Germany policies and programs •Design and •Design and for training, retraining implementation of implementation of •Investing in education and promotion of training and retraining training and retraining employment for the policies and programs programs for those directly affected as well as relocation directly impacted

•Business support Republic Czech United Kingdom United

Lack of support mechanism for Serious industrial base Significantly integrated repositioning in the Fragmented and Support investments Integrated approach approach labour market insufficient measures in infrastructure

Workforce-relevant measures must be supported by an integrated approach and investment in infrastructure that supports long-term employment 37 Critical parameters of investment planning towards maximizing the positive impact on those directly affected

○ Energy efficiency at national level o Clean energy ○ Energy poverty management and o Energy savings in the building ensuring household access to low stock cost heating action o Circular Economy in waste ○ Upgrading regional infrastructure- management Transforming the supply chain o Transportation ○ Employment sustainability o Construction Works / Public ○ Utilization of qualified workforce Works ○ Gradual differentiation of the local /

Catering for needs for Catering regional development model The European Commission's report on the efficiency of Sectors prioritized for for prioritized Sectors municipal waste management throughout the EU has it that financing of waste management infrastructure in Greece is directed to the vast majority of "lower" solutions, such as incineration or "energy recovery“ rather than prioritizing investment in prevention, reuse and recycling infrastructure. It also pays to observe that, with some rare exceptions and under a very rigid set of conditionalities, investments in «waste energy» projects have been excepted from the latest EU classification of solutions qualifying for sustainable funding

38 Projection guidelines for human resources directly impacted (baseline scenario)

Support is needed for The employment support and promotion approach the employment of companies directly must take into account age stratification and related to lignite activity retraining opportunities in neighbouring occupations. during the transition phase 2020-2023: Land restoration is crucial to retain a large proportion of employees The investments There is a may not be significant risk of Specialization expected to The projected retraining Projection outflow amongst and targeting of generate of the qualified may not requirements are those under 35 proposals on employment be a horizontal not the same for and long-term territorial just (construction and measure and does not all age groups unemployment transition plans operations show much relevance amongst those are required sectors) before as to development over 45 2023 proposals – mostly aimed at the generation of New Jobs to the benefit of those currently unemployed

Planning may not be done on the simple basis of the balance of flows to and from the labour market 39 Design guidelines for indirectly affected human resources (baseline scenario)

Securing jobs during the period In some categories, entrepreneurship seems to take 2021-2023 for staff precedence over employment directly affected ensures a significant portion of indirect jobs

Combined Combined Specialization interventions are interventions are Guidelines need and targeting of needed to needed to to be different for proposals in upgrade skills upgrade skills The retraining of the RWM and for territorial just and promote and promote human resources ROP transition plans is employment and employment and cannot be of a mere required entrepreneurship benefit type entrepreneurship

The design is required to be multiparametric

40 Design guidelines for job growth through entrepreneurship and extroversion

Entrepreneurship support and development secures a significant portion of direct jobs

Refocusing should be Incentives should be tailored and integrated into an integrated on: technologies and framework, with respect for any constraints equipment for clean energy, construction / infrastructure projects, transport, energy upgrading of Entrepreneurship buildings, agricultural Combined sector interventions are support measures Specialization and needed to support required targeting of new Guidelines need to (partnerships, proposals in entrepreneurship be different for the sole territorial just and the RWM and for ROP proprietorships, transition plans is transformation of start-ups, required (TJTP) businesses that are existing) Planning is required to ensure, incentives, indirectly affected fast processes, access to finance and services for business, organizational and operational changes Extroversion (RWM) mainly within the towards the and equipment modernization, provision of services based on recorded know-how, should be retraining supported

41 The time dimension in human resource support

Launching Point in Transition Period Growth Period 2023- 2020 2021-2023

○ ~ 1833 directly affected ○ Subsidizing working activities ○ Economic / Sectoral jobs in RWM & 375 in RA Differentiation ○ Subsidising companies that ○ Designing a safety net will be created by affected ○ New areas of development groups ○ Creating a ○ New entrepreneurship collaborative ○ Providing a complete governance scheme for framework of services to ○ New Jobs skills needs assessment companies, employees and the and intervention unemployed planning ○ Grants to companies for Conditionalities transformation apply ○ Jobs in land/soil rehabilitation projects are critical

○ Thematic targeted technical retraining

○ Social benefits 42 A comprehensie intervention in the matter of Human Resources & activation of an entire "ecosystem are required " *

Skills Governance Anticipating needs for new skills Identification & involvement of partners Diagnosis of existing skills Agreement & cooperation of key partners Transferability to other neighboring or Involvement of local communities related industries Social dialogues Coupling labor supply and demand

Workforce Support Diversification & Developmental Information & Consulting Transformation Personalized approach Structural adaptation of branches Special requirements considered for Creating new jobs specific groups Securing positions in the fields of clean Social benefits energy, energy efficiency & construction

*Sustainable employment and welfare support: labour market transition in coal regions in transition, EU 2020 43 Skills Development Design Principles

(a) Supporting the transition to environmentally (a) Involving public authorities and social sustainable economies by integrating partners in the social dialogue on labor supportive skills development policies to market cooperation schemes and on training ensure compatibility of training and capacity systems to coordinate stakeholder needs at all building stages of development and implementation of regional and local skills education and skills policies; (b) Coordinating of skills development and (b) Promoting equal access to skills training policies and conclusion of bilateral or acquisition for all, for SME owners and tripartite agreements for the design, Projecting employees, by providing specific training implementation and monitoring; services and promoting business support policies;

(c) Matching skills supply & demand Cooperation (c) Promoting modern training practices through skills needs diagnosis, in and utilization of practical experience towards collaboration with industry and education and increasing employability; training providers; (d) Developing a holistic policy for the development of skills in line with environmental policies, including the means for (d) High priority and allocation of sufficient appropriate certification; resources to identify evolving skills needs and to implement relevant development programs; (e) Encouraging peer-to-peer learning between businesses and employees in green entrepreneurship and technology training; (e) Ensuring, in a projection perspective, equal (f) Supporting companies, in particular access to training and skills upgrading to all SMEs, including cooperatives and affected groups cooperative schemes, in their cooperation with training providers.

44 Putting forward best practices- Examples

Creating and strengthening Supporting SMEs Personalized path to skill tripartite skills councils • SMEs are in need of financial & development technical means to re-determine • Skills Councils are schemes that their needs in skills. Assistance • Employees have access to some focus on helping an individual through public policies would be of form of career support, which is industry to identify and fill gaps in vital importance funded through a combination of their skills. Such councils personal contributions, employer collaborate with relevant contributions and government government agencies to provide • In Austria, SME groups are entitled sponsorship. representatives of employers 'and to apply for funding through the workers' organizations with Impulse Qualification Network, for a • In France, "personal learning important information on new critical grant managed by the Austrian skills Public Employment Service. The accounts" managed by the Caisse grant is intended to help SMEs des Dépôts et Consignations are identify skills needs, as well as to implemented by the employment • An example, in the field of design specific training programs. services technology, is the Tech Partnership Degrees in the United Kingdom

45 Highlighting good practices- Defining professions of critical importance (SEV – Hellenic Federation of Enterprises)

The Business Needs and Skills Diagnosis Mechanism operated in 8 areas, based on a methodology developed so as to feature three main and mutually reinforcing functions.

I Documentation is about the Verification includes the formation Consultation includes the II collection and processing of mainly of Teams of Experts and Business III discussion of the results and secondary data for the extraction of Executives for each one of the proposals of the previous two conclusions on the emerging fields considered and the Functions with the wider business technological, economic & realization of Laboratories and scientific community, the public regulatory developments and administration and other social and

trends in the sector, in the medium- institutional bodies and the Function

Function The aim is to provide for critical

long term. Function submission of opinions and Verification evaluation, a partial verification of additional proposals, on their the results and conclusions of the Consultation behalf

It also refers to the analysis all this individual sections / stages of the Documentation are of the impact all this is Documentation Function and the expected to have on the most formation of the final conclusions critical professions, in terms of and proposals of the Mechanism knowledge, skills and abilities for the selected sector. required Included in the groups are business executives and collective bodies, members of the academia and experts.

46 Skills Upgrading and Retraining in RWM and ROP

Unemployed-Other In which sectors? workforce-Upgrading skills in: • Services • Smart Agriculture- Agricultural Production • Energy technology • Entrepreneurship Personnel directly • Social Economy / involved in lignite Collaborative schemes activity (mainly contract workers) • Difficulty in retraining for salaried work • Entrepreneurship / Indirectly impacted- • Social Economy / Upgrading skills in: Collaborative schemes • Entrepreneurship • Social Economy / Collaborative schemes

47 Content of Retraining Programs - Target groups impacted

Personnel directly involved in lignite activity (mainly contract workers) •UE Engineers: Industrial Technology, Clean Energy Technologies, Construction, Education also on Energy Saving, Recycling Technologies •VE Technology Engineers: Industrial Technology, Clean Energy Technologies, Entrepreneurship / Construction, Energy Saving, Recycling Technologies Social •SE Machinery Operators for Technical Projects: Construction, Public Works, Recycling Technologies entrepreneurship •SE Installations Electrical Engineers: Industrial Technology, Clean Energy Technologies, Construction, Energy Saving, Recycling Technologies •SE Installations & Equipment Mech. Engineers : Industrial Technology, Clean Energy Technologies, Construction, Energy Saving, Recycling Technologies •SE Drivers, Engine Attendants – Operators: Transport, Combined Transport / Supply Chain, Construction, Public Works •SE Electronics: Industrial Technology, Clean Energy Technologies, Smart Agriculture ○ Joint training themes •SE Technicians: Industrial Technology, Clean Energy Technologies, Recycling does not necessary Technologies •SE Assistant Drivers, Machine Attendants, Operators : Transport, Combined imply a content that is Transport / Supply Chain, Construction, Public Works common to all groups

○ The training should be practical and fast, Indirectly affected- Upgrading skills in: featuring small-scale • Constructions programs • Processing • Combined transport • Energy Industry • Recycling Technologies

48 Implicated Agencies and Roles

The HMEO / Universities Regions Workers Social Private Education Government OAED of W. • Funding of Associations Partners Organizations • Design, (Hellenic Macedonia & entrepreneurship, Employers •Providing technical Coordination, Manpower Peloponnese employment and Organizations training in disciplines training support • Participation in high in demand Monitoring and Employment • Life-long programs • Participation in the stock-taking •Provide training in Financing Organisation) learning • Participation in the the stock-taking of needs and subjects related to programs the design of a • Safety net • Training stock-taking of needs of needs and development priorities programs (CENTER FOR the design of a roadmap for •Providing training in RETRAINING & and the design of a roadmap for human roadmap for human entrepreneurship / LIFELONG resources social entrepreneurship • Personalized resources human LEARNING) •Implementation of Action Plan – • Inclusion of resources • Providing training training programs in Common • Development of interventions in the cooperation with Evaluation Curricula new Operational companies Framework Program for the 2021-2027 period • Subsidized work programs 49 Support Mechanisms

Support mechanisms should support the Micro-credit skills upgrade effort. Micro-funding

Skills Council Rebraining Professions of Administration Regional Investment Agency the Future Reskilling Reception Mechanism

Retraining Center for the Support of Entrepreneurship and Structural Adaptation They should become the platform on which all development goals will run, including human resources objectives. Technical Assistance

Socially Responsible Public Procurement – Corporate Social Responsibility Programs

50 Theoretical Example (zero scenario)

At the end of PPC's activity, the company …… LIMITED LIABILITY CORPORATION estimates that it will keep only 30% of its activity has been active in the field of PPC 64% of its turnover comes in the area, a fact related to the maintenance of Technical Projects for the last 8 years from PPC contracts 30% of its staff. Featuring a workforce of 18 permanent staff Over the last five years, it It will no longer use external partners except and 15 external partners has to investments of € occasionally. Also disposing of considerable own Its 1,340,000 in equipment At the same time it reduces other operating yearly credit liabilities are of 180.000€ costs

What the business needs is: Facilitation towards meeting of its obligations for the transitional period Prepares new business plan. Sees the opportunity Organized Business Consulting to claim a market share in public construction The remaining 30% of the projects and seeks funding for the purchase of used staff is what the company Access to information and support in technical equipment estimates has the greatest exploring new markets At the same time, it sees opportunities to support potential and skills that are Access to finance / working capital / construction projects abroad (it may also sell some useful in its new venture. equipment of its assets) The remaining 70% is Access to functional redesign services Not sure if it can be active in the field of energy scheduled to be terminated saving (?) Support for the extroversion he desires- Extroversion plan Training of 3 executives on the job

51 Theoretical example (zero scenario) …contd.…

The 12 employees to become redundant will apply to OAED What’sThen? next? They will receive unemployment benefits for 12 months, while also drawing up an individual action plan within the Common Some are bound to joining a Long-term unemployment is Evaluation Framework A of their area horizontal certified training visible program to receive the grant. They will await a relevant update It will be a fairly large It is not clear how they should They are also bound to be looking for work independently, program in terms of hours move to find a new job although restrictions due to level of education will be a They will be approached by They do not have sufficient problem. Those under 35 are looking for work outside the area training providers qualifications/skills for the Older people are thinking of ways to secure their retirement and existing job offers continue paying social security contriutions They have an income problem

What can be done Facilitation towards them meeting their obligations over At the same time, external the transitional period partners have lost a stable and They estimate that they can significant source of revenue Subsidy for starting a business and personalized work together to set up a consulting They have special equipment business, quickly and without that they do not know how they high costs Access to information and support in exploring new markets can continue to use They also need funding to As units they are unable to upgrade their equipment Access to finance / working capital / equipment 'claim' projects Training in entrepreneurship (general and specialized) and in the new technical subject, quickly and efficiently

52 Theoretical example (zero scenario) …cntd… and the end (?)

A new investor sees the RES business opportunity The former seeks incentives and a short licensing They need access to finance / There is an existing distribution network process working capital / equipment Communicates with local and central agencies The latter is waiting until the They also need specialized staff for support announcement of the although limited in number Another company expects increased activity in relevant program the field of energy saving in buildings

What they need is…

To be welcomed in an organized business They are preparing a new business The former is looking for contractors during the space-Fast processes plan (?) construction of the investment. It may also refer to the original company that was active in Technical companies available The latter moves rather empirically technical projects. The operation will require Organized Business Consulting as it is a company of 3 people mainly technical staff Access to information and support in exploring He would like to investigate The latter will wait and employ either subcontractors or external partners, when business opportunities whether he can be active in the needed field of energy technology as long Access to finance / working capital / equipment Investigates into the potential of collaborations as it is relevant and does not towards providing a complete package of Experienced and trained workforce require a large investment services generating both direct and indirect (cluster) employment

53 There is no luxury of time

54 Suggestions in the Human resources should be supported on the basis of modern, targeted interventions that will be matter of human a visible part of development planning and will be directly and clearly linked to the other resources interventions thereunder

The design should be multi-leveled and equitable, taking into account constraints due to the characteristics of the target groups or areas. Horizontal interventions will delay and / or jeopardize the critical development dimension

The agreement on this and the cooperation of all stakeholders should be clear (roles), while the governance system flexible and efficient (flows and responsibilities). Everyone's contribution should Sufficient be systematic and supported by a Roadmap for each partner resources are to be made Retraining implies previous diagnosis of skills gaps and future needs. The diagnosis should cater to available, both the immediate need and medium-term planning appropriately Retraining should not foster an “allowance-mongering” attitude nor be fragmented. Accompanying modulated to ‘relief’ measures for human resources should be aimed only at the transitional phase while benefit human capitalizing on measures to support entrepreneurship, mainly cooperative forms for those directly affected resources

Supporting companies in their transformation process will also result in a transformation of the jobs necessary to retain part of the affected workforce. Sustainable entrepreneurship will ensure sustainable employment

The operation of support mechanisms can help maximize a positive result; so will a coordinated support from the civil society 55 In conclusion The 2021-2023 period is bound to be critical for the reduction (and management) of the impacts on income and employment resulting from the planned transition

Managing directly impacted jobs by way of a specific framework and short-term perspective has a positive effect on indirectly impacted jobs

The skills upgrade approach should be based on a sectoral structure. Any retraining of the directly and indirectly affected must be designed on the basis of development needs that arise in related (neighbouring) sectors

PPC's role is crucial in this direction for the transition period, while decommissioning and rehabilitation projects can support a smoother transition, holding back the impairment of direct and indirect jobs.

Circular economy, RES, energy efficiency, as well as construction and transportation, can also support a smoother transition combining labour-intensive employment that is associated with sustainability

Territorial just transition plans should specify the required interventions based on the planning of the Regions and the support that may be provided by the Universities, other local bodies and the social partners, in an integrated and effective system of governance.

56 ANNEX I METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH Object of the Project Study 1/2

Short-term intervention actions

Measurement of Estimation of Interaction with local, Formulation of direct and indirect Identification of direct and regional and national proposals for regional added employment and indirect jobs and actors, in order to measures of value and regional income develop quantified sectoral structural regional income employment gaps on the basis proposals for additional adaptation and losses, under a potential of of planned investments / actions to retraining of business as already planned investments fill the remaining gaps human resources usual scenario investments

58 Object of the Project Study 2/2

Mid/Long-term intervention actions

Identifying Medium-Term Determining the basic Proposals for the and Long-Term conditions for the formulation of Greece’s Investment Opportunities implementation of policy in the context of a in Sustainable Economic investments just transition Activities

59 Research Framework 1/2

• Mapping of the existing economic activity and jobs and specialties at the level of Regional Units and Municipalities • Measurement of direct and indirect regional added value and

Steps employment potential of already planned investments • Determining the regional income and employment gaps of the planned investments • Identify medium and long-term investment opportunities and conditions for the development of sustainable economic activities

that will fill the gap

Methodological .

60 Research Framework 2/2

Statistical analysis Qualitative and quantitative field research

Tools Indicators Consultation GAP Assessment Multi-criteria analysis

Comparative evaluation of best practices Methodological

61 Field Research

Municipalities and bodies of the Region of Western Macedonia and Arcadia

Create an interview guide for agencies

Developing a Questionnaire to the attention of businesses

Projection of in-situ visits to the implicated areas (Kozani, Florina, Ptolemais, Amynteon) 62 Data Collection In-situ visit over the period from the 21st to the 24th of July 2020 – Hosting of interviews with municipalities and agencies concerned

Local Government Agencies •Region of western Macedonia •Municipality of Kozani •Municipality of Eordea •Municipality of Florina Utilization of data also •Municipality of emanating from : •ANKO •RAM of Western Macedonia 1. The Hellenic Statistical Other agencies Authority •DMS ROP RWM 2014-2020 2. The Lignite Observatory •University of Western Macedonia •Economic Chamber of Western Macedonia 3. PPC •The Agricultural Chamber of Greece •Ecology Movement 4. The Arcadia Chamber of •Municipal Movement "Kozani - Place to live" Industry & Commerce •PPC Workers' Union 5. Bibliographical Research

Businesses •Lignite Phase-Off Observatory •Kappa Dynamiki •Solergon S.A •ETEKA •The West Macedonia Cluster of Bioeconomics & the 63 Environment Results: Data Recording

•Collection and processing of questionnaires

•Recording views on impact on GDP and employment

•Mapping of sectoral proposals (energy and processing, primary sector, tourism) towards the transformation of the local economy

•Recording proposals for structural changes and relevant interventions

•Classification and hierarchization of proposals

64 Correlation to:

: • Long-term positive effects on employment

on • Conditions for the development of sustainable entrepreneurship • Differentiated solutions in the adaptation of local communities • New local development model based on an

integrated approach Emphasising

65 ANNEX ΙI DATA SOURCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY DATA SOURCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Plan for a just development transition of lignite areas (September 2020) 2. Geotechnical Chamber of Greece (Annex D. Mak.), Socio-economic transition of the Region of Western Macedonia in the post- lignite period (December 2019) 3. Technical Chamber of Greece (Department of Western Macedonia), Assessment of the contribution of economic sectors to the productive model of Western Macedonia with emphasis on the impact of the lignite industry (March 2018, January 2020) 4. Technical Chamber of Greece (Department of Western Macedonia), Estimation of the cost of transition of Western Macedonia to a regime of low lignite production(2012) 5. ΙΕΝΕ, Current situation and prospects for energy transition areas in Greece (July 2020) 6. ΙΕΝΕ, Energy: Investments, Employment and Exports in Greece, 2017 7. World Bank, A Road Map for a Managed Transition of Coal-Dependent Regions in Western Macedonia (Σεπτέμβριος 2020), Profiling the Labour Force affected by Mines Closure in Western Macedonia Contracting Authority (2020) 8. ΙΟΒΕ, Demilitarization of electricity generation: Socio-economic implications and counter-balancing actions(Αύγουστος 2020) 9. ΙΜΕ ΓΣΕΒΕΕ, The effects of the transition to the post-lignite era - The case of small and medium enterprises in the Region of Western Macedonia(2020) 10. Just Transition, A Report for the OECD, (Μάιος 2017) 11. ILO, Boosting Skills for a Just Transition and the Future of Work (2019)

67 DATA SOURCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY

12. WWF, Blueprint for a green recovery in Greece (Οκτώβριος 2020) 13. IEA, Sustainable Recovery World Energy Outlook Flagship Report Flagship report (Ιούνιος 2020) 14. Can a low-carbon recovery agenda create jobs and help the economy? (Ιούνιος 2020) 15. McKinsey & Company, Sustainable employment and welfare support: labour market transition in coal regions in transition, EU 2020 16. The Athens Academy of Arts and Letters - Energy Committee, Proposals, views and positions for the transition to the post-lignite era in Greece(2019) 17. WWF, Roadmap for the transition of the W. Macedonia region to a post-lignite era (July 2016) 18. WWF, Alternatives for district heating in Western Macedonia: The case of the city of Ptolemaïs(2016) 19. Municipality of Kozani, The Proposal for a Fair Development Transition (June 2020) 20. ΕΛΣΤΑΤ (The Hellenic Statistics Authority) Family Budgets Survey 2018 21. ΑΝΚΟ, Business Development Plan for the post-lignite period(2014-2015) 22. ΑΝΚΟ, Analysis of the perspective of the primary sector and processing in the direction of diversification of the production base Deliverable D 3.1: Feasibility study of the primary sector and processing in the direction of the production base in Western Macedonia(May 2020) 23. ΙΕΝΕ, Energy and Employment in Greece(2013)

68 Annex III Statistical Data Processing Population per Regional Unit for the Region of Western Macedonia (1981-2019) 1/2

R.U of Kozani RU of Florina There is an 155,000 55,000 increase in 153,939 54,109 54,000 population in the 53,147 150,000 150,386 150,196 RUs of Kozani and 53,000 52,430 147,051 Florina over the 52,000 145,000 51,414 period 1981-2001, 51,000 whereas 141,007 140,000 50,000 49,519 afterwards a downward trend in 49,000 135,000 the evolution of 48,000 the population in 130,000 47,000 these areas is 1981 1991 2001 2011 2019* 1981 1991 2001 2011 2019* evident. *Forecast for the year 2019 by Eurostat Source: ELSTAT Data Processing

70 Population per Regional Unit for the Region of Western Macedonia (1981-2019) 2/2

RU of RU of In the RUs of 56,000 38,000 36,797 36,421 Kastoria and

53,702 36,000 Kozani it is 54,000 53,169 52,685 observed that 34,000 32,567 52,000 31,757 the downward 32,000 50,322 trend in the 29,814 50,000 30,000 evolution has been observed 48,000 28,000 46,668 to have already 26,000 46,000 started before 24,000 1981-2019. 44,000 22,000 Source: ELSTAT data 42,000 20,000 1981 1991 2001 2011 2019* 1981 1991 2001 2011 2019* processing

* Forecast for the year 2019 by Eurostat

71 Overall population - Region of Western Macedonia (1981-2019)

RWM Overall Population As far as the whole of 300,000 Region of Western 294,317 295,000 293,015 Macedonia is concerned, a 289,071 290,000 slight increase of the 283,689 285,000 population has been observed to have occurred 280,000 over the decades 1981- 275,000 2001, followed by a 270,000 267,008 significant decrease of the 265,000 population during the 2001- 260,000 2019 period.

255,000 Source: ELSTAT data processing 250,000 1981 1991 2001 2011 2019*

* Forecast for the year 2019 by Eurostat

72 Population of the Regional Unit of Arcadia and total population of the Peloponnese Region (1981-2019)

RU of Arcadia Overall Population of the Region of On the contrary, 200,000 Peloponnese population in RU of 180,000 1,200,000 Arcadia appears to have 160,000 somehow increased 1,000,000 140,000 over the 2011-2019 120,000 800,000 decade. Overall, 100,000 however, the Region of 600,000 80,000 the Peloponnese 60,000 400,000 experienced a sharp 40,000 decline in population 200,000 20,000 between 1981-2001, a - - trend having 1981 1991 2001 2011 2019* 1981 1991 2001 2011 2019* nevertheless stabilized * Forecast for the year 2019 by Eurostat by 2019.

Source: ELSTAT data processing 73 Gross Added Value in the Mining & Energy Sector 1/4

GAV in the Mining & Energy Sector Gross Added Value in 1,600 the Mining & Energy

1,400 Sector of the Regional Units of 1,200 Kozani Kozani and Florina 1,000 show a slight upward trend until 2017 800

600 Source: Florina ELSTAT data processing 400 In millions of euros

200

- 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011* 2012* 2013* 2014* 2015* 2016* 2017*

Κοζάνη Φλώρινα Γραμμική ( Κοζάνη) Γραμμική (Φλώρινα)

74 Gross Added Value in the Mining & Energy Sector 2/4

RU Contribution to the GAV of the Region in the Mining & By way of the GAV Extraction Sector generated in the Rus 90% of Kozani and Florina, Kozani 80% in the Mining & 70% Energy Sectors has

60% over time been

50% contributing to the

40% overall GAV of the Region by more than 30% Florina 90%. 20%

10% Source: ELSTAT data 0% processing 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011* 2012* 2013* 2014* 2015* 2016* 2017*

Κοζάνη Φλώρινα Γραμμική ( Κοζάνη) Γραμμική (Φλώρινα)

75 Gross Added Value in the Mining & Energy Sector 3/4

• GAV generated in the Mining & Energy

100% sector, in the Rus of Kozani & Florina

90% shares in the overall GAV of this sector Florina for the Region of West Macedonia by 80% Florina 93%. (Column 1) 70% 60% • GAV generated in the Mining & Energy 50% sector, in the RUs of Kozani & Florina 40% shares in the overall GAV of the Region Florina 30% of West Macedonia by 38% (Column 2)

20% Kozani Kozani Kozani • RUs of Kozani andf Florina are 10% contributng to the overall GAV of RWM 0% Συνεισφορά της ΑΠΑ του τομέα Συνεισφορά της ΑΠΑ του τομέα Συνεισφορά της ΑΠΑ του συνόλου as a whole, by 78% (Column 3) Εξόρυξης & Ενέργειας των Π.Ε. στο Εξόρυξης & Ενέργειας των Π.Ε. στον δραστηριοτήτων των Π.Ε. στο σύνολο των δραστηριοτήτων της αντίστοιχο τομέα της Περιφέρειας σύνολο της περιφέρειας περιφέρειας Φλώρινα 22% 9% 21% Source: ELSTAT data processing Κοζάνη 71% 29% 57%

76 Gross Added Value in the Mining & Energy Sector 4/4

RU Contribution to the GAV of the Region in the Mining & Extraction Sector 8.00% Between 2012 and 2017, 7.00% Contribution of Gross Added 6.00% Value in the sector of Mining & Kozani Energy of the RUs of Kozani & 5.00% Κοζάνη Florina, to said sector’s GAV of 4.00% Φλώρινα the country, decreased. Πολυωνυμική ( Κοζάνη) 3.00% Πολυωνυμική (Φλώρινα) Source: ELSTAT data processing 2.00% Florina

1.00%

0.00% 2012* 2013* 2014* 2015* 2016* 2017*

77 Share per activity of each RU’s GAV in the overall GAV of the Region as a whole

Contribution, by activity, of each Regional Unit’s Contribution, by activity, of each Regional Unit’s GAV to the GAV of its corresponding region. GAV to the GAV of its corresponding region. 100% . 90% 30% 80% 70% 25% 60% 20% 50% 40% 15% 30% 10% 20% 10% 5% 0% 0%

KozaniΚοζάνη FlorinaΦλώρινα ArcadiaΑρκαδία

78 Share per activity of each RU’s GAV in the overall GAV of the Country as a whole

Share per activity of each RU’s GAV in the overall GAV of the Share per activity of each RU’s GAV in the overall GAV of the Country as a whole. Country as a whole. 6.00% 2.50% 5.00% 2.00% 4.00% 1.50% 3.00% 1.00% 2.00%

1.00% 0.50%

0.00% 0.00%

KozaniΚοζάνη FlorinaΦλώρινα ArcadiaΑρκαδία

79 Gross Domestic Product

National GDP 182,000 181,000 180,000 179,000 178,000 177,000 176,000 175,000 174,000 2015* 2016* 2017* GreeceΕΛΛΑΔΑ 177,258 176,488 180,218

RU GDP RU GDP 3,000 1,420

2,500 1,400 2,000 1,380 1,500 1,360 1,000 1,340 500 - 1,320 2015* 2016* 2017* 1,300 KozaniΚοζάνη 2,592 2,245 2,269 2015* 2016* 2017* FlorinaΦλώρινα 920 847 890 ArcadiaΑρκαδία 1,392 1,340 1,407

Source: ELSTAT data processing In millions of euros

80 Contribution of the Regional Units to the National GDP

Contribution of the Regional Units to the Contribution of the Regional Units to the National GDP National GDP 3.00% 5.00% 4.50% 2.50% W. Macedonia (linear) 4.00% Peloponnese (linear) 3.50% 2.00% 3.00%

1.50% 2.50% 2.00% 1.00% 1.50% 1.00% 0.50% 0.50%

0.00% 0.00% 2011* 2012* 2013* 2014* 2015* 2016* 2017*

KozaniΚοζάνη ΦλώριναFlorina ArcadiaΑρκαδία PeloponneseΠελοπόννησος Γραμμική (Πελοπόννησος) W. MacedoniaΔυτική Μακεδονία Γραμμική (Δυτική Μακεδονία)

81 Per Capita GDP of the Region of W. Macedonia and of the Regional Units

Per Capita GDP Compared to the average per capita 25,000 National GDP 140.00%

20,000 120.00%

100.00% 15,000 80.00%

10,000 60.00%

40.00% 5,000 20.00%

- 0.00% 2011* 2012* 2013* 2014* 2015* 2016* 2017* 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011* 2012* 2013* 2014* 2015* 2016* 2017*

KozaniΚοζάνη FlorinaΦλώρινα ΔυτικήW. Macedonia Μακεδονία Γραμμική (Δυτική Μακεδονία) KozaniΚοζάνη FlorinaΦλώρινα ΔυτικήW. Macedonia Μακεδονία Γραμμική (Δυτική Μακεδονία)

The per capita GDP of the Regional Units of Kozani & Florina is slightly higher than the average GDP of the Region, running, on average, approximately at the level of per capita GDP of the country.

82 Per Capita GDP of the Region of West Macedonia and of the Regional Units thereof

Per Capita GDP Compared to the average national 25,000 per capita GDP 120.00%

20,000 100.00%

15,000 80.00%

60.00% 10,000

40.00%

5,000 20.00%

- 0.00% 2008 2009 2010 2011* 2012* 2013* 2014* 2015* 2016* 2017* 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011* 2012* 2013* 2014* 2015* 2016* 2017*

ΕΛΛΑΔΑ Πελοπόννησος Αρκαδία Γραμμική (Αρκαδία) Αρκαδία Πελοπόννησος Γραμμική (Πελοπόννησος)

The Per Capita GDP for the Regional Unit of Arcadia is higher that Regional average, running at a level slightly below the national per capita GDP 83 Employment of workers in the Mining & Energy Sector in relation to the total number of employees, at national level.

Workers in the Mining and Energy sector Overall number of Workers (all activities) 420 4,350 4,300 410 4,250

400 4,200 4,150 390 4,100 4,050 380 4,000 370 3,950 3,900 360 3,850 350 3,800 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Εξόρυξη & Ενέργεια 415 390 380 383 378 388 390 408 Όλες οι δραστηριότητες 4,105 3,998 4,035 4,064 4,083 4,146 4,217 4,301

There is an upward trend in employment of all workers, albeit trends are slightly falling amongst workers in Mining & Energy sector

Source: ELSTAT data processing

84 Employment of workers in the Mining & Energy Sector in relation to the total number of employees, at national level.

Percentage of salaried employees against the overall number of workers The percentage of salaried 100% 90% employees in the Mining & 80% Energy Sector nationwide is 70% higher than the relevant rate 85% 60% 69% against the total number of 50% 40% salaried employees in the 30% country 20% 10% 0% ExtractionΕξόρυξη & & Ενέργεια Energy (2019) Όλες οιAll δραστηριότητες activities (2019) Source: ELSTAT data processing

85 Educational level of RWM workers in the sector of Mining and of those in the sector of Energy Education Level (W. Macedonia) 50.00%

45.00%

40.00%

35.00%

30.00%

25.00%

20.00%

15.00%

10.00%

5.00%

0.00% Vocational Upper Universities/Technical Vocational Training Upper Secondary Level Secondary Level - Post-Graduate Level Lower Secondary Level Primary School level Illiterate Colleges Centers Ed. Vocational Upper Secondary Level MINES AND QUARRIES 0.76% 6.21% 8.69% 15.66% 43.86% 10.00% 14.69% 0.14% ENERGY 0.63% 11.37% 10.75% 17.63% 43.86% 7.01% 8.57% 0.16% REGION OF WEST MACEDONIA 1.80% 25.22% 7.02% 20.43% 16.62% 10.04% 18.60% 0.25%

Workers in the fields of energy and mining (mines-quarries) in the Region of Western Macedonia feature a significantly lower percentage of university graduates and a significantly higher percentage of graduates of vocational schools, compared to the total number of employees in the Region. 86 Source: ELSTAT data processing Educational level of RoP workers in the sector of Mining and of those in the sector of Energy

Educational Level (Peloponnese) 30.00% Workers in the energy sector in the Peloponnese Region feature 25.00% a significantly higher percentage

20.00% of graduates of vocational schools while workers in the 15.00% mining sector (mines-quarries) feature a higher level of primary 10.00% education than the total number

5.00% of employees in the Region.

0.00% Vocational Upper Source: ELSTAT data processing Post-Graduate Universities/Tech Vocational Upper Secondary Secondary Level - Lower Secondary Primary School Illiterate Level nical Colleges Training Centers Level Ed. Vocational Upper Level level Secondary Level MINES AND QUARRIES 0.00% 7.30% 7.58% 24.16% 13.48% 18.82% 27.81% 0.84% ENERGY 1.00% 13.95% 9.55% 28.37% 27.12% 9.87% 9.95% 0.18% PELOPONNESE 1.34% 19.43% 6.52% 26.30% 8.78% 14.94% 21.65% 1.03%

87 PPC Expense for the respective SPPs

PPC expense in thousands EUR PPC expense in thousands EUR 40,000 120,000 35,000

30,000 100,000

25,000 80,000

20,000 60,000

15,000 40,000

10,000 20,000

5,000 0 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2018 2019 0 (1st (2nd 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 semester) semester)

Agios Dimitrios Kardia Amynteo Meliti Megalopolis A Megalopolis B Electricity power station in Megalopolis

The above tables reflect PPC expense in thousands of euros both for the units in RWM and for those in the RoP for the years 2011-2019.

Source: Processed PPC data

88 PPC expense incurred by outsourced (contracting) works for the respective SPPs Outsourced PPC expense in thousands EUR PPC Contractor Expense in thousands EUR 40,000 18,000

35,000 16,000

14,000 30,000 12,000 25,000 10,000 20,000 8,000

15,000 6,000

10,000 4,000

2,000 5,000 0 0 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2018 2019 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Α'μηνο Β'μηνο

Agios Dimitrios Kardia Amynteo Meliti Megalopolis A Megalopolis B Electricity power station in Megalopolis

The above tables show the costs of PPC contracts in thousands of euros both for the units in RWM and in the Peloponnese for the years 2011-2019. Source: Processed PPC data

89 Evolution over time of contractorship-incurred PPC expense in thousand euros (2011-2019)

Evolution over time of contractorship-incurred expense in thou. EUR 300,000

250,000 241,495 232,757 224,659 200,000 205,491 185,607

150,000 148,340 147,000 145,374 129,780

100,000

50,000

0 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Agios Dimitrios Kardia Amynteo Amynteo (mines) (mines) Megalopolis Megalopolis (mine) Meliti Total amount Γραμμική (Total amount )

The above table reflects evolution over time of the costs incurred in connection with PPC contracts from 2011 to 2019 for the Steam Power Plants (SPPs) and lignite-mining facilities (lignite mines) in both RWM and RoP.

Source: Processed PPC data 90 PPC and PPC-contractor incurred expense with respect to each of the mining facilities considered

PPC expense for mines (in thou. EUR) PPC’ s contractors expense for mines (in thou. 250,000 EUR) 160,000

200,000 140,000

120,000

150,000 100,000

80,000 100,000 60,000

40,000 50,000 20,000

0 0 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Amynteo Ptolemaida Megalopolis Amynteo Ptolemaida Megalopolis

Reflected in the above tables are PPC and PPC contractorship-incurred expense for the mines in RWM and Megalopolis over the years from 2011 through to 2019. Source: Processed PPC data

91 Number of Workers at the SPPs of RWM and Megalopolis (regular staff and temps)

Number of staff (regulars & temps) for the Number of staff (regulars & temps) SPPs in RWM - May 2020 (for the SPP in Megalopolis – May 2020

Meliti

Temp. Staff

A/F

Kardia

Regular Staff

Agios Dimitrios

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Temp. Staff Regular Staff Megalopolis B Megalopolis A

The above tables show the number of staff - both regular and temporary - for the RWM and Megalopolis power plants. Apparently, the regular staff of Agios Dimitrios and Megalopolis sub-plants account for the major part of employment positions in the respective regions. Source: Processed PPC data

92 Number of staff at the mines of the RWM and in Megalopolis (both regulars and temps) Number of staff at the mines of the RWM (regulars Number of staff at the mine in Megalopolis & temps) - May 2020 (regulars & temps) - May 2020

SUPPORTING UNITS (W. Macedonia Lignite Center)

AMYNTEON FIELD MINE SECTOR

KARDIA FIELD MINE SECTOR MEGALOPOLIS MINE SECTOR

ΜΑΙΝ FIELD MINE SECTOR

SOUTH FIELD MINE SECTOR

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500

Temp. Staff Regular Staff Temp. Staff Regular Staff

The above tables show the number of employees, both regular and temporary staff in the mines. The regular staff in the mines of the South Field is by far more numerous than in the rest of the mines in the RWM whereas in Megalopolis the regular staff outnumber temps. Source: Processed PPC data

93 Turnover of cooperating companies per main Activity Reference Code in RWM * - Field research

MANUFACTURE OF MACHINERY, FIXED MACHINES AND MULTIPLE POSITION MACHINES, FOR 12,460 10,480 10,570 33,510 METAL TREATMENT MANUFACTURE OF CONNECTORS AND SCREW PRODUCTS 12,460 10,480 10,570 33,510

METALLURGY 5,476 8,754 5,296 19,525

MANUFACTURE OF LIFTING EQUIPMENT AND MOVEMENT OF CARGO AND PARTS - 8,754 6,620 15,373

MANUFACTURE OF TRAILERS OR SEMI-TRAILERS VEHICLES WITH SYSTEMS 5,460 5,460

LOADING OR UNLOADING, FOR AGRICULTURAL PURPOSES " 4,480 4,480

SCIENTIFIC TECHNICAL CONSULTING SERVICES GENERAL - - 2,648 2,648

INSTALLATION SERVICES OF OTHER ITEMS P.D.K.A. - - - - TOTAL 26,335,061 38,200,135 36,566,114 101,101,309 Main and Secondary Activity Ref. Codes Total 79,100,474 102,233,079 103,240,655 284,574,209

Contemplated: Turnover of businesses active within the Region of West Macedonia (*Data yielded by the Lignite Phase-Off Observatory) per Activity Reference Code for the years 2017-2019, as well as turnover variations over said period.

94 Turnover of cooperating companies per secondary Activity Reference Code in RWM * - Field research

ΚΑΔ 2017 2018 2019 Σύνολο Contemplated: Turnover of businesses active ΑΛΛΕΣ ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΕΣ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΚΟΥ ΜΗΧΑΝΙΚΟΥ 3.431.679 10.336.930 5.438.809 19.207.419 within the Region of ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΙΑ ΑΛΛΩΝ ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΜΕΡΩΝ ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΩΝ ΑΠΟ ΣΙΔΗΡΟ, ΧΑΛΥΒΑ Η 2.616.510 7.396.143 6.173.772 16.186.426 West Macedonia (*Data ΑΛΟΥΜΙΝΙΟ yielded by the Lignite ΥΠΗΡΕΣΙΕΣ ΕΞΟΡΥΞΗΣ ΚΑΙ ΑΞΙΟΛΟΓΗΣΗΣ ΟΡΥΚΤΩΝ 5.720.128 4.003.041 4.311.940 14.035.109 Phase-Off Observatory) ΥΠΗΡΕΣΙΕΣ ΚΑΘΑΡΙΣΜΟΥ Η ΧΡΩΜΑΤΙΣΜΟΥ ΠΛΟΙΩΝ 3.074.471 4.194.605 3.831.316 11.100.391 per Secondary Activity Reference Code for the ΑΛΛΕΣ ΔΡΑΣΤΗΡΙΟΤΗΤΕΣ ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΗΣ ΜΕΡΙΜΝΑΣ ΧΩΡΙΣ ΠΑΡΟΧΗ ΚΑΤΑΛΥΜΑΤΟΣ Π.Δ.Κ.Α. 1.103.168 1.346.818 3.944.966 6.394.951 years 2017-2019, as well as turnover ΥΠΗΡΕΣΙΕΣ ΑΜΜΟΒΟΛΙΣΜΟΥ ΜΕΤΑΛΛΩΝ 1.816.733 1.636.919 690.893 4.144.545 variations over said ΕΡΓΑΣΙΕΣ ΠΡΟΕΤΟΙΜΑΣΙΑΣ ΕΡΓΟΤΑΞΙΩΝ ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΣΤΙΚΩΝ ΕΡΓΩΝ 965.085 1.187.271 1.428.235 3.580.591 period. Cumulative values for ΕΡΓΑΣΙΕΣ ΕΠΙΧΩΜΑΤΩΣΕΩΝ 1.044.047 936.055 859.531 2.839.633 main & secondary ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΗ ΜΕΤΑΛΛΙΚΩΝ ΣΚΕΛΕΤΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΜΕΡΩΝ ΜΕΤΑΛΛΙΚΩΝ ΣΚΕΛΕΤΩΝ 453.549 38.945 2.260.372 2.752.866 activity references:

ΠΡΟΕΤΟΙΜΑΣΙΑ ΕΡΓΟΤΑΞΙΟΥ 812.971 882.389 638.504 2.333.864 • for year 2017 ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΣΤΙΚΕΣ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΕΣ ΓΙΑ ΑΓΩΓΟΥΣ ΜΕΓΑΛΩΝ ΑΠΟΣΤΑΣΕΩΝ 170.139 258.898 1.501.582 1.930.619 79.100.474,00 EUR ΟΔΙΚΕΣ ΜΕΤΑΦΟΡΕΣ ΑΛΛΩΝ ΕΜΠΟΡΕΥΜΑΤΩΝ, ΜΕ ΦΟΡΤΗΓΟ ΑΥΤΟΚΙΝΗΤΟ ΔΙΕΘΝΩΝ 567.923 453.856 382.009 1.403.788 ΜΕΤΑΦΟΡΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΜΕ ΟΔΗΓΟ ΙΔΙΟΚΤΗΤΗ • for year 2018 102.233.079,00 EUR ΕΡΓΑΣΙΕΣ ΚΑΤΕΔΑΦΙΣΗΣ 635.390 393.757 352.059 1.381.206 • for year 2019 103.240.655,00 EUR

95 Payroll workers of cooperating companies per main Activity Reference Code in the RWM* - Field research

Activity Reference Code 2017 2018 2019 MANUFACTURE OF CONSTRUCTION METAL PRODUCTS AND THEIR PARTS 1.1 1.2 1.4 METAL PAINTING AND VARNISHING SERVICES 16.5 48.6 15.1 REPAIR SERVICES IN LIFTING PRODUCTS 4.9 7.5 8.6 REPAIR SERVICES FOR MINES, QUARRIES AND CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTIONS 22.0 22.6 27.3 INSTALLATION OF INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT 15.0 10.0 12.5 CONSTRUCTION WORKS FOR ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION UNITS 318.1 365.9 441.3 CONSTRUCTION OF OTHER WORKS OF CIVIL ENGINEERING P.D.K.A. 78.0 122.0 134.0 SOIL AND PLOT PREPARATION WORKS - DRAFT WORKS 4.0 3.0 4.0 EXCAVATION WORKS AND EARTH MOVEMENT 99.0 104.6 116.0 OTHER CONSTRUCTION WORKS, NOT SPECIFICALLY NAMED 15.2 19.6 6.8 MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF MOTOR VEHICLES 1.2 1.2 0.8 MAINTENANCE SERVICES OF AUTOMOBILES AND LIGHT VEHICLES FOR GOODS 13.4 9.8 4.9 ORE TRANSPORTATION SERVICES, RAW MATERIALS ETC WITH SPECIAL VEHICLES 35.0 35.0 35.0 ECONOMIC STUDIES SERVICES MECHANICAL ENGINEER DESIGN SERVICES GENERAL 0.2 TOTAL 623 751 808 There is observed a tendency towards variation of the number of staff employed per Activity Reference Code (Lignite Phase-Off Observatory).

96 Freelancing workers of cooperating companies per main Activity Reference Code in the RWM* - Field research

Activity Reference Code DESCRIPTION 8990000 OTHER SOCIAL CARE ACTIVITIES WITHOUT PROVIDING ACCOMMODATION P.D.K.A. 43999001 OTHER CONSTRUCTION WORKS, NOT SPECIFICALLY NAMED, WITH OWN MATERIALS 43999002 OTHER CONSTRUCTION WORKS, NOT SPECIFICALLY NAMED, WITHOUT OWN MATERIALS 42991000 OTHER CIVIL ENGINEER CONSTRUCTIONS 25501300 OTHER METAL ROLLING SERVICES 52100000 SAVE 25112300 CREATION OF OTHER CONSTRUCTIONS AND PARTS OF CONSTRUCTIONS, CONSTRUCTION OF SHEET METALS, BARS 71110000 ACTIVITIES OF ARCHITECTS 33200000 INSTALLATION OF INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT 43992001 RENTAL OF SCAFFOLDING AND WORKS 33110000 REPAIR OF METAL PRODUCTS 33120000 MACHINE REPAIRWORKS 43121200 EXCAVATION WORKS AND EARTH MOVEMENT 43121202 EARTHWORK WORKS 43211000 WORKS OF ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS 43291103 THERMAL INSULATION WORKS OF HOT AND COLD WATER PIPES, BOILERS AND VENTS 43992000 SCAFFOLDING

There is observed a tendency towards variation of the number of staff employed per Activity Reference Code (*Lignite Phase-Off Observatory).

97 Workers in the RWM per main Activity Reference Code * - Field Research Actvity Reference Code (All)

Values ΕΤΟΣ Freelancing Wrks/ARC total ΙΚΑ/ACR TOTAL BUSINESS CORPORATE NAME 2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 ECO ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΣΤΙΚΗ ΤΟΥΡΙΣΤΙΚΗ ΜΟΝΟΠΡΟΣΩΠΗ ΙΚΕ 0 0 0 4 5 ERGOGROUP ΑΦΟΙ ΓΙΩΒΗ Ο.Ε. 4 3 4 55 58 S.BI.E TEXNIKH E.E 5 3 3 30 20 SOLERGON ΑΝΩΝΥΜΗ ΕΤΑΙΡΕΙΑ 15 15 18 146 193 ΑΡΙΣΤΕΙΔΗΣ ΦΛΩΡΙΝΗΣ ΚΑΙ ΣΙΑ ΟΕ 0 0 0 6 6 ΑΦΟΙ ΓΙΩΒΗ Ο.Ε. 3 4 5 20 15 ΒΙ.ΕΡ Α.Τ.Ε 6 6 6 118 162 ΕΚΤΩΡ ΕΠΕ 20 20 20 35 35 ΕΜΠΟΡΟΤΕΧΝΙΚΗ Ο.Ε 2 2 2 78 122 ΗΛΕΚΤΡΟΤΕΧΝΙΚΗ ΑΤΕΒΕ 3 11 12 69 70 Θ. ΜΑΥΡΙΔΗΣ ΙΚΕ 1.000040057 0.999564168 1 36.00144204 45.97995172 ΙΚΑΡΟΣ Ε.Ε. 2 ΚΑΠΑ ΔΥΝΑΜΙΚΗ ΑΝΩΝΥΜΗ ΤΕΧΝΙΚΗ ΕΤΑΙΡΕΙΑ 18 17 17 117 85 ΚΟΥΤΣΙΛΑΣ ΚΩΝΣΤΑΝΤΙΝΟΣ 0 0 0 2 3

There is observed a tendency towards variation of the number of staff employed per Activity Reference Code (*Lignite Phase-Off Observatory).

98 Workers secured under the Private Sector Workers Social Security Fund per secondary Activity Reference Code within RWM * - Field Research

ΚΑΔ 2017 2018 2019 ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΙΑ ΑΛΛΩΝ ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΜΕΡΩΝ ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΩΝ, ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΗ 39 90 59 ΛΑΜΑΡΙΝΩΝ, ΡΑΒΔΩΝ, ΥΠΗΡΕΣΙΕΣ ΕΞΟΡΥΞΗΣ ΚΑΙ ΑΞΙΟΛΟΓΗΣΗΣ ΟΡΥΚΤΩΝ 82 45 40 ΑΛΛΕΣ ΔΡΑΣΤΗΡΙΟΤΗΤΕΣ ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΗΣ ΜΕΡΙΜΝΑΣ ΧΩΡΙΣ ΠΑΡΟΧΗ ΚΑΤΑΛΥΜΑΤΟΣ 16 15 37 Π.Δ.Κ.Α. ΥΠΗΡΕΣΙΕΣ ΚΑΘΑΡΙΣΜΟΥ Η ΧΡΩΜΑΤΙΣΜΟΥ ΠΛΟΙΩΝ 24 46 33 Overall number of workers under the ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΗ ΜΕΤΑΛΛΙΚΩΝ ΣΚΕΛΕΤΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΜΕΡΩΝ ΜΕΤΑΛΛΙΚΩΝ ΣΚΕΛΕΤΩΝ 7 0 21 main & secondary ΑΛΛΕΣ ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΕΣ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΚΟΥ ΜΗΧΑΝΙΚΟΥ 11 23 18 Activity Reference ΥΠΗΡΕΣΙΕΣ ΕΠΙΣΚΕΥΗΣ ΚΑΙ ΣΥΝΤΗΡΗΣΗΣ ΕΞΟΠΛΙΣΜΟΥ ΔΙΑΚΙΝΗΣΗΣ ΠΡΟΪΟΝΤΩΝ 16 15 18 Code (*Lignite (ΓΕΡΑΝΟΙ ΑΡΠΑΓΕΣ, ΚΑΔΟΙ ΜΕΤΑΚΙΝΗΣΗΣ, ΦΟΡΕΙΑ, ΤΑΙΝΙΟΔΡΟΜΟΙ Κ.Λ.Π) Phase-Off ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΣΤΙΚΕΣ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΕΣ ΓΙΑ ΑΓΩΓΟΥΣ ΜΕΓΑΛΩΝ ΑΠΟΣΤΑΣΕΩΝ 3 3 14 Observatory) : ΕΡΓΑΣΙΕΣ ΠΡΟΕΤΟΙΜΑΣΙΑΣ ΕΡΓΟΤΑΞΙΩΝ ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΣΤΙΚΩΝ ΕΡΓΩΝ 5 11 13 • 2017 : 922 ΥΠΟΣΤΗΡΙΚΤΙΚΕΣ ΥΠΗΡΕΣΙΕΣ ΓΙΑ ΛΟΙΠΕΣ ΔΡΑΣΤΗΡΙΟΤΗΤΕΣ ΟΡΥΧΕΙΩΝ ΚΑΙ • 20181: 22 12 10 12 ΛΑΤΟΜΕΙΩΝ Π.Δ.Κ.Α. • 20191: 62 ΕΡΓΑΣΙΕΣ ΕΠΙΧΩΜΑΤΩΣΕΩΝ 4 5 7

ΥΠΗΡΕΣΙΕΣ ΑΜΜΟΒΟΛΙΣΜΟΥ ΜΕΤΑΛΛΩΝ 14 18 6

99 Freelancing Workers per Secondary Activity Reference Code in RWM * - Field Research

ΚΑΔ 2017 2018 2019 ΥΠΗΡΕΣΙΕΣ ΕΞΟΡΥΞΗΣ ΚΑΙ ΑΞΙΟΛΟΓΗΣΗΣ ΟΡΥΚΤΩΝ 12,6 9,1 8,0 ΑΛΛΕΣ ΔΡΑΣΤΗΡΙΟΤΗΤΕΣ ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΗΣ ΜΕΡΙΜΝΑΣ ΧΩΡΙΣ ΠΑΡΟΧΗ ΚΑΤΑΛΥΜΑΤΟΣ 2,4 3,1 7,3 Π.Δ.Κ.Α. ΥΠΗΡΕΣΙΕΣ ΚΑΘΑΡΙΣΜΟΥ Η ΧΡΩΜΑΤΙΣΜΟΥ ΠΛΟΙΩΝ 1,3 3,3 4,9

ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΙΑ ΑΛΛΩΝ ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΜΕΡΩΝ ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΩΝ, ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΗ 4,0 7,0 4,8 Overall number of ΛΑΜΑΡΙΝΩΝ, ΡΑΒΔΩΝ, Freelancing Workers ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΗ ΜΕΡΩΝ ΜΗΧΑΝΗΜΑΤΩΝ ΟΡΥΧΕΙΩΝ, ΛΑΤΟΜΕΙΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΩΝ 4,0 4,1 4,8 in Secondary ΑΛΛΕΣ ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΕΣ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΚΟΥ ΜΗΧΑΝΙΚΟΥ 3,7 7,1 4,2 Activities Reference Code (*Lignite ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΗ ΜΕΤΑΛΛΙΚΩΝ ΣΚΕΛΕΤΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΜΕΡΩΝ ΜΕΤΑΛΛΙΚΩΝ ΣΚΕΛΕΤΩΝ 0,7 0,0 1,8 Phase-Off ΕΡΓΑΣΙΕΣ ΕΠΙΧΩΜΑΤΩΣΕΩΝ 1,4 1,5 1,6 Observatory) : • for 2017: 134 ΥΠΗΡΕΣΙΕΣ ΕΠΙΣΚΕΥΗΣ ΚΑΙ ΣΥΝΤΗΡΗΣΗΣ ΕΞΟΠΛΙΣΜΟΥ ΔΙΑΚΙΝΗΣΗΣ ΠΡΟΪΟΝΤΩΝ 1,5 1,0 1,3 (ΓΕΡΑΝΟΙ ΑΡΠΑΓΕΣ, ΚΑΔΟΙ ΜΕΤΑΚΙΝΗΣΗΣ, ΦΟΡΕΙΑ, ΤΑΙΝΙΟΔΡΟΜΟΙ Κ.Λ.Π) • for 2018: 144 ΠΡΟΕΤΟΙΜΑΣΙΑ ΕΡΓΟΤΑΞΙΟΥ 1,1 1,4 1,3 • for 2019: 146

ΕΠΙΣΚΕΥΗ ΜΗΧΑΝΗΜΑΤΩΝ 0,9 0,9 1,2

ΕΡΓΑΣΙΕΣ ΠΡΟΕΤΟΙΜΑΣΙΑΣ ΕΡΓΟΤΑΞΙΩΝ ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΣΤΙΚΩΝ ΕΡΓΩΝ 1,0 1,3 1,2

100 Variations at the level of the overall workforce for years 2017-2019 in RWM* - Field Research

Κύριο ΚΑΔ Έτος Εργαζόμενοι ΙΚΑ Εργαζόμενοι ΑΠΥ Σύνολο Εργαζομένων 2017 ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΣΤΙΚΕΣ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΕΣ ΓΙΑ ΜΟΝΑΔΕΣ ΠΑΡΑΓΩΓΗΣ 318,1 20,0 338,0 This table shows the 2018 365,9 25,4 391,3 ΗΛΕΚΤΡΙΚΗΣ ΕΝΕΡΓΕΙΑΣ 2019 441,3 29,1 470,5 changes of all 2017 78,0 2,0 80,0 Κατασκευή άλλων έργων πολιτικού μηχανικού π.δ.κ.α. 2018 122,0 2,0 124,0 employees for the 2019 134,0 2,0 136,0 2017 99,0 30,4 129,4 years 2017-2019 per ΕΡΓΑΣΙΕΣ ΕΚΣΚΑΦΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΜΕΤΑΚΙΝΗΣΗΣ ΓΑΙΩΝ 2018 104,6 26,5 131,1 2019 116,0 22,2 138,2 main Activity 2017 Υπηρεσίες μεταφοράς μεταλλευμάτων, πρώτων υλών κλπ με 35,0 20,0 55,0 Reference Code 2018 35,0 20,0 55,0 ειδικά οχήματα 2019 35,0 20,0 55,0 (*Lignite Phase-Off 2017 16,5 0,9 17,4 ΥΠΗΡΕΣΙΕΣ ΧΡΩΜΑΤΙΣΜΟΥ ΚΑΙ ΒΕΡΝΙΚΩΜΑΤΟΣ ΜΕΤΑΛΛΩΝ 2018 48,6 3,4 52,0 Observatory) . 2019 15,1 2,2 17,4 2017 ΥΠΗΡΕΣΙΕΣ ΕΠΙΣΚΕΥΗΣ ΚΑΙ ΣΥΝΤΗΡΗΣΗΣ ΜΗΧΑΝΗΜΑΤΩΝ 22,0 1,6 23,6 2018 22,6 1,2 23,8 ΟΡΥΧΕΙΩΝ, ΛΑΤΟΜΕΙΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΔΟΜΙΚΩΝ ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΩΝ 2019 27,3 1,7 29,0 It pays to observe 2017 ΑΛΛΕΣ ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΣΤΙΚΕΣ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΕΣ, ΠΟΥ ΔΕΝ 15,2 2,3 17,6 2018 19,6 3,9 23,5 that construction ΚΑΤΟΝΟΜΑΖΟΝΤΑΙ ΕΙΔΙΚΑ, ΜΕ ΙΔΙΑ ΥΛΙΚΑ 2019 6,8 1,4 8,2 2017 works on power ΕΓΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΗ ΒΙΟΜΗΧΑΝΙΚΩΝ ΜΗΧΑΝΗΜΑΤΩΝ ΚΑΙ 15,0 2,5 17,5 2018 10,0 1,5 11,5 ΕΞΟΠΛΙΣΜΟΥ 2019 12,5 1,5 14,0 generation plants 2017 ΥΠΗΡΕΣΙΕΣ ΣΥΝΤΗΡΗΣΗΣ ΚΑΙ ΕΠΙΣΚΕΥΗΣ ΑΥΤΟΚΙΝΗΤΩΝ ΚΑΙ 13,4 2,0 15,4 2018 9,8 2,6 12,4 account for the ΕΛΑΦΡΩΝ ΜΗΧΑΝΟΚΙΝΗΤΩΝ ΟΧΗΜΑΤΩΝ ΓΙΑ ΕΜΠΟΡΕΥΜΑΤΑ 2019 4,9 3,1 7,9 ΥΠΗΡΕΣΙΕΣ ΕΠΙΣΚΕΥΗΣ ΚΑΙ ΣΥΝΤΗΡΗΣΗΣ ΣΕ ΑΝΥΨΩΤΙΚΑ 2017 4,9 1,4 6,3 employment of most ΣΥΣΤΗΜΑΤΑ ΠΡΟΪΟΝΤΩΝ (ΓΕΡΑΝΟΙ, ΑΡΠΑΓΕΣ, ΚΑΔΟΙ 2018 7,5 1,3 8,8 workers ΑΝΥΨΩΣΗΣ, ΚΛΑΡΚ Κ.Λ.Π) 2019 8,6 1,3 9,9 2017 ΕΡΓΑΣΙΕΣ ΠΡΟΕΤΟΙΜΑΣΙΑΣ ΕΔΑΦΟΥΣ ΚΑΙ ΟΙΚΟΠΕΔΟΥ - ΕΡΓΑΣΙΕΣ 4,0 4,0 2018 3,0 3,0 ΕΚΚΕΝΩΣΗΣ 2019 4,0 4,0 2017 ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΗ ΔΟΜΙΚΩΝ ΜΕΤΑΛΛΙΚΩΝ ΠΡΟΪΟΝΤΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΜΕΡΩΝ 1,1 1,8 2,9 2018 1,2 1,7 2,9 ΤΟΥΣ 2019 1,4 2,2 3,6 2017 1,1 1,1 ΣΥΝΤΗΡΗΣΗ ΚΑΙ ΕΠΙΣΚΕΥΗ ΜΗΧΑΝΟΚΙΝΗΤΩΝ ΟΧΗΜΑΤΩΝ 2018 1,2 1,2 2019 1,2 1,2

101