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MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES 2 Monoclonal Antibodies ptglab.com 1 MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES www.ptglab.com 2 Monoclonal Antibodies Front Cover: Immunohistochemical staining of paraffin-embedded human heart slide using AK2 antibody (66127-1-Ig) at a dilution of 1:50. ptglab.com 3 WELCOME Original Manufacturer Part of Proteintech®*’s early vision was to make all its own products, to the highest standards possible, thus assuming ultimate responsibility for their quality. In addition to its founders’ refusal to source Original Products a single antibody from any other provider, they also refused to supply any other provider. When you receive your antibody and see the Proteintech logo on the vial, know that you hold something that is truly unique. As an original manufacturer, Proteintech can offer you: – 100% original products; each product is unique and can only be bought directly or through approved distributors. – Antibodies now tested in siRNA–treated samples to demonstrate antibody specificity. – Guaranteed to work in any species and any applications, or get your money back. siRNA Validation Recently, Proteintech has pledged to undertake siRNA knockdown validation of most of its antibodies by the end of 2015. The specificities of over 550 of its antibodies have already been confirmed by customers using siRNA knockdown, and published in over 650 journal papers. In adding its own siRNA data to those previously available in the literature, Proteintech’s aim is to make a gold standard of antibody validation more accessible to its customers. – Help set a new benchmark of antibody validation. – Improve on industry standards. – Demonstrate product specificity. – Strengthen existing validation procedures. What’s Inside 4–5 Product Focus – KEAP1 – GFAP1 – RRM1/RNR1 – RENALASE 6–13 Antibodies: 14-3-3 Zyxin 14 Contact Us Please Note: All products featured in this catalog are for research use only. *Proteintech® and the Proteintech logo are trademarks of Proteintech Group registered in the US Patent and Trademark Office. 4 Monoclonal Antibodies PRODUCT FOCUS KEAP1 Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), examined the relationship of Nrf2 expression also known as INRF2, KIAA0132 and KLHL19, in non-diabetic skin and compared levels to Catalog Number has been shown to play an important role in diabetic skin. maintaining cellular homeostasis. It acts by In the study the authors were able to detect 60027-1-Ig binding to Nrf2, a key controller of antioxidative Nrf2 in the skin of healthy control subjects responses, inducing its ubiquitination and but not in skin samples taken from diabetic Type proteolysis. Due to Keap1’s role in regulating subjects. Furthermore, Lee et al. used Mouse Monoclonal Nrf2, and thus antioxidative responses, Keap1 Proteintech’s anti-Keap1 monoclonal antibody is an attractive target for pharmacological (60027-1-Ig) to detect levels of this negative intervention, particularly in conditions whereby regulator of Nrf2. Western blotting showed Applications inflammation and oxidative responses damage that Keap1 was not expressed in the skin ELISA, IF, IHC, WB cells and tissues. of either diabetics or controls. The authors As oxidative stress plays an important role reasoned that because Keap1 was not expressed in the pathogenesis of diabetes, diabetics in either tissue type, Nrf2 may be regulated by 13 Publications are at a high risk of developing inflammatory an independent Keap1 pathway within the skin. cutaneous disorders. For this reason, Lee et al. KD/KO Validated Immunohistochemical of paraffin-embedded human kidney using KEAP1 antibody (60027-1-Ig) at a dilution of 1:50 (40x objective). GFAP1 Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is an where they await cues to take part intermediate filament protein expressed in in neurogenesis – the replacement of lost Catalog Number a variety of cells within the CNS including or damaged neural cells. ependymal cells and astrocytes. GFAP proteins Campbell et al. observed that NSCs 60190-1-Ig bind to each other to produce an intermediate accumulated around the border and filament network within cells, providing advancing edge of tumours within the brain. Type frameworks for cellular integrity and cell- Using neurosurgically excised tumours of Mouse Monoclonal cell communications between neurons and NHL-CNS metastatic carcinomas, the authors astrocytes. It is also vital for proper structural demonstrated that Sox2+ NSCs line the border integration of the blood brain barrier (BBB); of non-glial tumours. Furthermore, using Applications GFAP knockout mice exhibit abnormal formation Proteintech’s anti-GFAP antibody, the authors ELISA, IF, IHC, IP, WB of the BBB, in addition to undergoing neuronal demonstrated that Sox2 expression was degeneration. Furthermore, Alexander disease, present in both reactive GFAP-immunopositive a fatal neurodegenerative condition, also arises astrocytes and in GFAP-negative cells, located at 6 Publications from mutations in GFAP. the edge of the tumour. The authors concluded Recent work by Campbell et al. has investigated from this that neuronal stem cells migrate to the link between neural stem cells (NSCs) and non-glial neoplasms and differentiate into the pathogenesis of primary CNS lymphomas. glial cells. These findings are important when Endogenous neural stem cells exist within the considering the potential future applications brain, specifically the subventricular zone, of NSCs. Immunohistochemistry of paraffin-embedded mouse brain tissue slide using GFAP antibody (60190-1-Ig) at a dilution of 1:5000 (40x objective). ptglab.com 5 RRM1/RNR1 Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is an enzyme expression of ‘typical’ tumour markers such as partly encoded by the RRM1 gene. Expression mutations in EGFR1, Lv et al. also examined the Catalog Number of RRM1 produces the RNR1 subunit of RNR, expression of RRM1 before treatment with the which functions as a heterodimeric tetramer erlotinib regime. Previous work has shown that 60073-1-Ig with either of two RNR2 splice variants RRM2a mRNA and protein expression levels of RRM1 or RRM2b in the RNR holoenzyme. While this predict responses to chemotherapy treatment Type interaction is essential for de novo synthesis with gemcitabine and platinum-based drugs, of deoxyribonucleotides, it is unclear whether with low levels of expression correlating with Mouse Monoclonal this association is necessary for other biological poor survival in patients. activities associated with RRM1. Using Proteintech’s monoclonal antibody Applications Recent studies have shown that mutations against RRM1 (60073-1-Ig), Lv and colleagues ELISA, FC, IHC, IP, WB in the RRM1 gene are found in a variety of et al. were able to demonstrate that the majority disease states including rhabdomyosarcoma, of the patients demonstrating responses to the Wilms tumour, various adrenocarcinomas and treatment regime displayed elevated levels of 1 Publication lung cancers. It is likely, therefore, that RRM1/ RRM1 after treatment. However, the authors RNR1 plays an important role in carcinogenesis. went on to suggest that RRM1 levels may Recent work by Lv et al. examined the role increase after treatment with chemotherapy of erlotinib, a chemotherapeutic agent, in and suggested that a further follow-up study treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). with radiotherapy treatment alone is necessary The authors examined biopsies from patients to assess the predictive capabilities of RRM1. with NSCLC and sought to identify expression In conclusion, RRM1 is an important protein of molecular markers frequently associated regulating DNA replication and may serve as a with carcinogenesis. As well as identifying useful prognostic marker in a variety of cancers. Immunohistochemical staining of paraffin-embedded human lung cancer using Proteintech’s anti-RRM1 antibody (60073-1-Ig) at a dilution of 1:200 (40x objective). RENALASE Renalase, also known as RNLS, C10orf59 were linked to both glomerular filtration and MAO-C, is a flavin adenine dinucleotide- rate and mass of the kidney. Furthermore, Catalog Number dependent amine oxidase, predominantly the authors also demonstrated that partial expressed in the heart and kidney. Renalase removal of the kidney results in decreased 60128-1-Ig is also expressed in the small intestine and in levels of renalase, suggesting that renal skeletal muscle. It is thought to play a role in function plays an important role in regulating Type the metabolism of catecholamines and their renalase secretion. Mouse Monoclonal chemical relatives via nicotinamide Using Proteintech’s anti-renalase antibody, adenine dinucleotide. Desir et al. were able to demonstrate expression Tissue and plasma renalase levels are decreased of the high molecular weight form of renalase Applications in animal models of chronic kidney disease, and in human serum using Western Blot. The ELISA, IHC, WB renalase deficiency is associated with increased authors suggest that glomerular filtration rate blood pressure and elevated circulating may play a role in favouring the formation and catecholamines. Renalase expression is accumulation of higher molecular weight forms 2 Publications therefore implicated in the pathogenesis of renalase. of high blood pressure. In conclusion, renalase plays an important role Desir et al. were able to demonstrate that in maintaining blood pressure and expression levels of renalase in the blood are regulated may be useful as a prognostic tool in calculating by renal function, renal perfusion and cardiovascular risk factors. catecholamine levels. Renalase concentrations Immunohistochemistry of
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