A. Rayamajhi and M. Arunachalam (2017) Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(4): 434-441 DOI: 10.3126/ijasbt.v5i4.18131

Research Article

A New Record of the nubila (Siluriformes: ) from Baandhkhola (Stream) in Central Nepal Asha Rayamajhi1* and M. Arunachalam2, 3

1Fisheries Research Division, Godawari, Lalitpur under Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal 2Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi-627 412, Tamil Nadu, India 3Current address: Department of Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Riverside Transit Campu, Nileshwar, Kasargod- 671 314, Kerala, India. Abstract In this study, we describe a miniature sisorid of the family Erethistidae, as a new distributional record of Pseudolaguvia nubila from the Baandhkhola (stream), a tributary of Narayani River inCentral Nepal. Pseudolaguvia nubila shows its distribution to Nepal is distinguished from its congeners by combination of characters, such as- two broad and distinct yellowish vertical bands at the origin of and anal fin, smooth outer edge of the dorsal fin spine, dorsal fin spine length 13.23- 17.60 % SL, pectoral fin length 24.89-26.27 % SL, pectoral fin spine length 18.39-19.48 % SL and body depth at anus 17.22- 18.69 % SL. Keywords: ; freshwater fish; Baandhkhola; stream; Central Nepal Abbreviations: SL= standard length; HL= head length; MSUMNH= Manonmanium Sundaranar University Museum of Natural History, Alwarkurichi, India; CMA= collections of M. Arunachalam; CAR= collections of Asha Rayamajhi. Introduction et al., 2010). Among the seventeen valid of Members of the Pseudolaguvia (Sisorids) are Pseudolaguvia, originally Pseudolaguvia nubila was miniature , typically under 35 mm standard length reported from type locality of Sala River a tributary of the shows their distribution in stream and rivers of the Ganges Kaladan River in the vicinity of Lungpuk Village, Mizoram and Brahmaputra in Nepal, India and Bangladesh, (Ng et al., 2013; Ng and Tamang, 2012) northeastern India Ayeyarwady and Sittang River drainages in east central and additionally fourteen more species have been reported Myanmar and in the rivers of Western Ghats, peninsular from India (Radhakrishnan et al., 2010; Britz et al., 2013). India (Ng, 2006; Ng and Lalramliana, 2010; Radhakrishnan Further, two species, Pseudolaguvia tenebricosa (Britz and

Article may be cited as: A. Rayamajhi and M. Arunachalam (2017) Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(4): 434-441. DOI: 10.3126/ijasbt.v5i4.18131 1*Corresponding author Asha Rayamajhi, Fisheries Research Division, Godawari, Lalitpur under Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal Email: [email protected] Peer reviewed under authority of IJASBT © 2017 International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology

This is an open access article & it is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) This paper can be downloaded online at http://ijasbt.org&http://nepjol.info/index.php/IJASBT A. Rayamajhi and M. Arunachalam (2017) Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(4): 434-441 Ferraris, 2003) from Pathe Chaung, lower Myanmar and Head length and measurements of body parts are given as Pseudolaguvia tuberculata (Prashad and Mukerji, 1929) proportions of standard length (SL). Captured fish samples from Indawgyi in upper Myanmar) were also reported were preserved in 5% formalin solution. Voucher (Rayamajhi et al., 2016). Until now from Nepal, specimens examined in this study are deposited in the Pseudolaguvia assula from Reu River near confluence with Fisheries Research Division Fish Museum (FRDFM) Rapti River, central Nepal (Ng and Conway, 2013) is Kathmandu, Nepal [FRDFM 5 (ex 1) and CAR 2(ex 2)] reported including Pseudolaguvia ribeiroi and Physico-chemical parameters; temperature (oC), pH, Pseudolaguvia kapuri which were also listed earlier dissolved oxygen (mg/l), conductivity (ms) and TDS (ppt) (Shrestha, 2008; Rajbanshi, 2012). During current study we were taken. GPS co-ordinates and altitudes were taken provide new records for 1 species of the genus using GPS recorder (Model Oregon). Pseudolaguvia captured during ichthyological explorations in Nepal that are not included in the previous compilations Results of the fishes known to occur in the country. Therefore, the Pseudolaguvia nubila aim of the present work is to contribute in discovery of Non-types. FRDFM 5 (ex 1), 22.04 mm SL; Nepal: additional fish species record from the Baandhkhola, a Baandhkhola/stream (Khola=stream in Nepali) (a tributary tributary of Narayani River in Nepal. of Narayani River), village Argoili-5, Amaltari Village Development Committee, Nawalparasi district, about 3 km Materials and Methods north from Baandhkhola/stream junction near Danda Measurements were made point to point with digital stream, in the vicinity of buffer zone of Chitwan National calipers and measurements were made on the left side of Park, Chitwan, (lati. N 27o34'462'' and long. E 084o06' 903'') specimens whenever possible and measurements following with 122 msl, collected by Asha Rayamajhi, 23 February Ng and Kottelat, (2013) and Ng et al., (2013). Subunits of 2014. the head are presented as proportions of head length (HL).

Table 1: Morphometric measurement of Pseudolaguvia nubila (n=3) from the Baandhkhola= stream, a tributary of Narayani River, Nawalparasi, Chitwan, Central Nepal FRDFM 5, CAR 2 Pseudolaguvia nubila Morphometric measurements Mean ± SD (n=2) (Ng et al., 2013) (n=13) Standard length (mm) 22.04-24.04 24.8-32.5 % of Standard length Predorsal length 41.74-42.63 42.22±0.45 36.6-40.6 Preanal length 69.15-71.51 69.96±1.34 65.8-69.6 Prepelvic length 52.72-55.99 54.30±1.64 49.5-52.3 Prepectoral length 23.38-24.68 23.94±0.67 22-24.9 Dorsal fin base length 15.06-15.98 15.43±0.49 15.1-17.3 Dorsal fin spine length 13.23-17.60 15.62±2.22 16.4-19.3 Anal fin base length 14.25-14.98 14.63±0.37 15.6-19.7 Pelvic fin length 14.52-16.92 15.92±1.25 15.8-18.5 Pectoral fin length 24.89-26.27 25.49±0.71 24.1-26.4 Pectoral fin spine length 18.39-19.48 19.11±0.63 18.1-22 Caudal fin length 24.25-26.72 25.64±1.27 20.3-25.3 Adipose fin base length 13.73-14.36 14.10±0.33 14.2-15.9 Dorsal to adipose distance 15.77-17.18 16.66±0.77 13.1-16.8 Post adipose distance 13.77-16.38 15.30±1.37 13.9- 16.7 Caudal peduncle length 16.07-17.14 16.77±0.61 15.7-20.2 Caudal peduncle depth 8.40-9.66 9.15±0.67 9.1-11.1 Body depth at anus 17.22-18.69 18.20±0.85 13.9-17.1 Head length 30.26-31.32 30.87±0.55 29-32.4 Head width 21.53-23.34 22.73±1.04 19.7-21.7 Head depth 18.64-19.51 19.14±0.45 15.3-18.9 Body depth at pre dorsal 23.91-25.92 24.62±1.12 Dorsal fin length 18.60-20.55 19.47±0.99 Anal fin length 20.42-21.71 21.26±0.73

% of Head length

Snout length 47.01-53.66 49.54±3.60 44-53.1 Inter orbital distance 27.49-29.82 28.64±1.17 25.6-31.8 Eye diameter 12.57-12.88 12.76±0.16 10.8-14 Nasal barbel length 9.86-16.96 13.37±3.55 8.6-20.9 Maxillary barbel length 72.25-83.00 76.65±5.63 60-4-84.4 Medial (inner) madibular length 30.85-38.51 35.89±4.37 24.2-42.0 Lateral (outer) mandibular barbel length 57.77-63.16 60.07±2.78 44-63

This paper can be downloaded online at http://ijasbt.org&http://nepjol.info/index.php/IJASBT A. Rayamajhi and M. Arunachalam (2017) Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(4): 434-441

Fig. 1: Pseudolaguvia nubila: 22.04 mm SL from Baandhkhola=stream (a tributary of Narayani River), boundary of Chitwan and Nawalparasi district, buffer zone of CNP, 23 February, 2014. (1A) lateral view, (1B) ventral view: (1C) Line drawings of ventral view and (1D) Line drawings of ventral view adhesive apparatus Non types. CAR 2 (ex 2), 24.04 and 23.46 mm SL; data as Pseudolaguvia virgulata (NG and Lalramliana, 2010), above mentioned. Pseudolaguvia kapuri (Ng and Lalramliana, 2010), Pseudolaguvia tenebricosa (NG and Lalramliana, 2010) Diagnosis and Pseudolaguvia inornata (Ng, 2005) in having a deeper Pseudolaguvia nubila differs from its congeners except caudal peduncle (8.40-9.66 %SL vs. 5-8.2 %SL) (Tables 1, Pseudolaguvia viriosa (Ng and Tamang, 2012), 2, 3 and 4). Pseudolaguvia nubila can be diagnosed from Pseudolaguvia specula (Ng and Lalramliana, 2010),

This paper can be downloaded online at http://ijasbt.org&http://nepjol.info/index.php/IJASBT A. Rayamajhi and M. Arunachalam (2017) Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(4): 434-441 Pseudolaguvia kapuri (Ng and Lalramliana, 2012), and pelvic-fin origin (vs. reaching to middle of pectoral-fin Pseudolaguvia ribeiroi (Hora, 1921), Pseudolaguvia base in Pseudolaguvia foveolata and rhomboidal adhesive muricata (Ng, 2005), Pseudolaguvia tenebricosa (Britz and disc extending posterior middle of pectoral-fin base in Ferraris, 2003), Pseudolaguvia flavida (Ng, 2009) and Pseudolaguvia lapillicola) (Figs. 1B, 1D). Pseudolaguvia Pseudolaguvia virgulata (Ng and Lalramliana, 2010) in nubila is distinguished from Pseudolaguvia tuberculata having anterior edge of the dorsal spine smooth (vs. (Britz & Ferraris, 2003) in having longer pelvic fin (14.52- serrated) (Table 5) and distinct from Pseudolaguvia specula 16.92 vs. 13.3 %SL), pectoral fin (24.89-26.27 vs. 18.3 (Ng and Lalramliana, 2010), Pseudolaguvia viriosa (Ng and %SL) and caudal peduncle length (24.25-26.72 vs. 18.3 Tamang, 2012), Pseudolaguvia inornata (Ng, 2005) and %SL), (Tables 1, 3) and from Pseudolaguvia ferruginea Pseudolaguvia austrinia (Radhakrishnan et al., 2010) in (Ng, 2009) in having longer head (30.26-31.32 vs. 27.7- having yellowish vertical bands on blotchy brown body (vs. 29.6) and lager eyes (12.57-12.88 vs. 9-12) (Tables 1, 3). pale vertical bands in Pseudolaguvia spicula, one or more Pseudolaguvia nubila is distinguished from Pseudolaguvia pale bands encircling body in Pseudolaguvia viriosa, pale ferula (Ng, 2006) in having greater predorsal distance mid-dorsal stripe and without any pale patches in (41.74-42.63 vs. 36.3-40.4 %SL) and dorsal fin base (15.06- Pseudolaguvia inornata and uniform pale brown body in 15.98 vs. 7.9-11.9 %SL) (Tables 1, 3) and distinguished Pseudolaguvia austrinia) (Figs. 1A, 1C). Pseudolaguvia from Pseudolaguvia shawi (Ng, 2005a, Tamang et al., nubila is distinguished from Pseudolaguvia foveolata (Ng, 2006) in having 2-3 serrations on the posterior edge of 2005) and Pseudolaguvia lapillicola (Britzet. al., 2013) in dorsal fin (vs. weak to no serrations/roughened) (Table 5) having longer thoracic adhesive apparatus extending to and shorter predorsal distance (41.74-42.63 vs. 45 %SL) midway of distance between base of last pectoral-fin ray (Table 4).

Table 2: Proportional measurements of P. muricata, P. foveolata, P. nubila, P. specula, P. virgulata, and P. tenebricosa (characters 1-24 expressed as % SL and characters 25-30 expressed as % HL) No Morphometric P. muricata P. foveolata P. nubila P. spicula P. virgulata measurements n-28; n-1; n-13; n-4 ex. n-30; including n-2 ex. n-7; with including hotlotype including MSUMNH holotype (Ng and MSUMNH holotype (NG & holotype (Ng., 2005) holotype (Ng. Lalramliana, Lalramliana, (Ng, 2005a) et al., 2013) 2010) 2010) % of SL 1 Standard len. 20.9-22.6 30 25.9-29.3 23.23-26.5 23.5-31.1 23.66-25.47 19.9-28.8 2 Predorsallen. 40.9-47.4 38.7 36.6-40.6 39.48-41.77 37.4-40.4 40.68-41.17 39.6-42.9 3 Preanallen. 65.0-73.0 66.6 65.8-69.6 69.52-71.09 66.0-69.9 70.79-71.18 64.5-66.7 4 Prepelviclen. 50.6-57.2 49.7 49.5-52.3 49.32-52.11 46.7-50.7 52.87-55.79 47.9-50.6 5 Prepectorallen. 20.6-28.8 22.7 22.0-24.9 21.24-25.21 21.0-25.0 25.87-26.63 21.9-24.9 6 Dorsal fin base len. 14.7-18.0 15.3 15.1-17.3 14.82-15.76 13.2-15.9 13.94-15.77 17.2-19.8 7 Dorsal fin spine 21.2-26.7 11.3 16.4-19.3 14.34-15.33 11.6 -14.3 13.10-13.84 21.5-24.0 len. 8 Anal fin base len. 14.3-17.7 11.3 15.6-19.7 14.47-15.67 14.3-17.7 12.84-13.61 14.6-16.5 9 Pelvic fin len. 13.6-15.8 19 15.8-18.5 15.50-16.94 14. 6-17.1 16.23-16.76 14.6-16.2 10 Pectoral fin len. 28.4-38.1 27.3 24.1-26.4 23.42-24.84 19.9-23.0 24.09-25.60 28.1-28.8 11 Pectoral fin spine 26.8-35.7 21.3 18.1-22.0 22.94-24.41 15.7-17.4 18.85-18.47 23.6-26.2 len. 12 Caudal fin len. 23.3-29.7 21.3 20.3-25.3 22.69-24.04 24.2-27.5 22.06-24.15 28.8-30.0 13 Adipose fin base 12.3-16.1 24 14.2-15.9 14.59-16.49 14.7-17.1 13.31-14.68 12.9-15.0 len. 14 Dorsal-adipose dis. - - 13.1-16.8 17.69-18.72 13.9-17.9 15.94-18.51 14.5-17.0 15 Post adipose dis. - - 13.9-16.7 15.25-16.70 13.2-18.1 13.82-16.74 17.6-18.7 16 Caudal ped. len. 12.6-15.7 20.7 15.7-20.2 15.11-16.92 15.4-17.9 17.08-18.68 18.2-20.2 17 Caudal ped. dep. 6.1-8.1 5 9.1-11.1 8.56-9.04 7.9-9.6 7.27-7.85 7.8-9.7 18 Body dep. at anus 11.7-16.5 11 13.9-17.1 17.85-18.44 12.8-16.8 14.58-16.22 14.5-17.4 19 Head len. 29.6-32.7 26.7 29.0-32.4 28.27-30.91 26.0-28.8 28.87-29.37 28.8-32.2 20 Head width 20.6-24.0 20 19.7-21.7 20.23-20.98 19.2-22.6 22.23-22.93 21.2-24.4 21 Head depth 16.7-19.5 14.3 15.3-18.9 17.85-18.73 15.6-19.1 20.02-21.43 16.6-19.4 22 Dorsal fin len. ------23 Dorsal fin depth - - - 20.87-23.68 - 19.19-19.91 - 24 Anal fin len. ------% of HL 25 Head width - - - 67.89-74.18 - - - 26 Head depth - - - 70.09-73.75 - - - 27 Snout len. 50.0-57.1 52.5 44.0-53.1 51.65-52.47 48.6-51.9 - 48.0-54.9 28 IOW 31.4-36.7 28.8 25.6-31.8 27.59-31.33 28.2-32.1 - 29.3-35.2 29 OD 11.4-15.1 10 10.8-14.0 13.80-15.98 10.6-13.9 - 12.0-14.9 30 NBL 13.5-26.1 23.8 8.6-20.9 13.64-16.55 14.6-23.3 - 10.8-18.3 31 MBL 63.9-92.2 72.5 60.4-84.4 86.88-88.52 61.1-85.4 - 60.0-74.6 32 MML 32.9-55.9 42.5 24.2-42.0 4.23-47.62 27.4-51.4 - 32.0-38.6 33 LML 58.8-83.8 67.5 44.0-63.0 60.81-71.51 39.3-72.6 - 47.7-67.5 Sl= standard length, HL= head length, len.=length, dist=distance, dep.=depth, Lateral mandi. len.=Lateral mandibular length, Inter-orbital width= IOW, Orbit diameter=OD, Nasal barbel length= NBL, Maxillary barbel length= MBL, Medial mandibular length= MML, Lateral mandibular length= LML, ped.= peduncle

This paper can be downloaded online at http://ijasbt.org&http://nepjol.info/index.php/IJASBT A. Rayamajhi and M. Arunachalam (2017) Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(4): 434-441 Table 3: Proportional measurements of Pseudolaguvia inornata, P. ferruginea, P. flavida, P. tuberculata, P. austrina, P. ferula (characters 1- 24 expressed as %SL and characters 25-30 expressed as % HL). P. inornata P. P. flavida P. tuberculata P. austrina P. ferula P. tenebricosa ferruginea Morphometric n-4; n-18; n-1; n-1, (Britz& (Radhakrishnanet n-15; n-14; with No measurements including including Holotype Ferraris, al., 2010) including holotype (Britz holotype holotype (Ng, 2009) 2003) holotype (Ng, & Ferraris, (Ng, 2005) (Ng, 2009) 2006) 2003) % of SL 1 Standard length 25.2-27.4 22.6-28.9 24.6 30 25.3-35.6 19.6-25.4 26.3-31.5 2 Pre dorsal length 41.7-43.8 35.3-40.8 39.4 - 37.9-46.4 36.3-40.4 41.4-44.8 3 Pre anal length 64.3-67.5 62.8-67.3 63.8 - 72.6-79.6 64.9-70.1 67.3-70.7 4 Pre pelvic length 46.4-52.9 45.1-49.6 45.9 - - 49.2-53.6 - 5 Pre pectoral length 23.0-26.4 18.3-24.5 19.5 - 20.1-27.9 21.4-25.2 20.6-23.0 6 Dorsal fin base length 12.0-15.1 14.9-17.3 16.7 - - 7.9-11.9 - 7 Dorsal fin spine 18.6-21.7 13.0-16.6 17.9 - - 17.3-18.7 - length 8 Anal fin base length 11.9-15.9 13.7-17.7 15.4 - - 13.2-14.9 - 9 Pelvic fin length 13.5-15.5 11.4-16.0 10.2 13.3 16.0-20.9 13.0-14.7 12.8-14.9 10 Pectoral fin length 20.6-26.0 19.5-22.6 22.4 18.3 26.0-34.3 24.1-27.5 18.5-24.9 11 Pectoral fin spine 20.4-23.3 16.3-18.8 17.9 - - 20.2-24.3 - length 12 Caudal fin length 27.8-29.8 21.8-26.2 22 26.7 25.7-43.9 21.7-26.6 25.4-30.4 13 Adipose fin base 13.6-16.4 11.4-14.8 11 - 12.7-16.1 11.5-13.0 - length 14 Dorsal-adipose - 14.2-17.3 16.3 - 29.5-32.7 - - distance 15 Post adipose distance - 14.1-19.2 14.6 - - - - 16 Caudal peduncle 16.3-19.0 16.5-20.0 17.9 18.3 8.8-14.7 18.2-19.4 15.4-17.5 length 17 Caudal peduncle 7.7-8.5 6.5-8.1 6.5 10 10.3-14.7 6.9-7.8 8.5-11.5 depth 18 Body depth at anus 13.9-16.1 10.5-12.4 11 23.3 19.2-25.1 12.1-13.8 17.1-23.7 19 Head length 28.5-30.6 27.7-29.6 27.6 30 23.6-31.1 26.4-28.5 26.6-29.6 20 Head width 20.1-22.2 20.1-22.2 22 26.7 24.2-27.0 17.1-19.1 23.2-25.1

21 Head depth 15.9-17.9 14.5-15.8 16.3 15 13.7-16.5 12.5-14.6

22 Dorsal fin length - - - 23.3-29.1 - 12.6-14.3

23 Dorsal fin depth - - - 20 - 13.7-19.7 24 Anal fin length - - - - 17.9-27.8 - 12.5-14.6 % of HL 25 Head width - - - 88.9 - - 82.5-87.5 26 Head depth - - - 50 - - 44.9-50. 0 27 Snout length 49.4-54.1 46-50 43 55.6 42.6-55.7 44.3-50.7 44.7-50.6 28 Inter-orbital width 30.4-34.2 27-31 32 27.8 36.0-42.7 25.4-31.7 28.8-32.1 29 Orbit diameter 12.7-14.9 9-12 12 11.1 4.4-8.1 8.6-11.7 8.8-11.8 30 Nasal barbel length 12.2-15.2 6-15 12 - 26.7-46.8 7.2-11.7 - 31 Maxillary barbel 78.4-83.3 53-71 43 - 77.2-100 68.6-76.7 - length 32 MML 37.8-41.1 26-35 15 - 36.7-67.7 21.4-29.9 - 33 LML 55.4-62.8 43-54 34 - 52.5-82.3 35.7-49.3 - Sl= standard length, HL= head length, Lateral mandi. len.=Lateral mandibular length, Medial mandibular length= MML, Lateral mandibular length= LML short and extended anterior orbital margin and its length is Description 9.86-16.96 (13.37±3.55) %HL. Maxillary barbel extended Pseudolaguvia nubila from Nepal shows similarities in up to base of pectoral fin spine and its length 72.25-83.00 morphomatric and meristic characters with the original (76.65±5.63) % HL (Figs. 1C, 1D and Table 1). Outer description of Pseudolaguvia nubila (Ng et al., 2013). Body madibular barbel extends to base of pectoral-fin spine and depth at anus 17.22-18.69 (18.20±0.85) %SL and at caudal its length 57.77-63.16 (60.07±2.78) % HL. Inner peduncle region 8.40-9.66 (9.15±0.67) %SL. Head depth at mandibulalr barbel reaching vertical through middle of occiput 18.64-19.51 (19.11±0.45) %SL and its width 21.53- orbit; its length 30.85-38.51 (35.89±4.37) % HL. Skin 23.34 (22.73±1.04) %SL. Eye ovoid, its width 12.57-12.88 tuberculated with conical tubercles and mostly prominent (12.76±0.16) % HL and inter orbital width 27.49-29.82 on dorsal third of head and body. Lateral line complete and (28.64±1.17) % HL. Barbels are in four pairs. Nasal barbel positioned at mid laterally. The adhesive apparatus This paper can be downloaded online at http://ijasbt.org&http://nepjol.info/index.php/IJASBT A. Rayamajhi and M. Arunachalam (2017) Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(4): 434-441 extending midway of distance between base of last pectoral Anterior edge of pectoral fin spine with 9 fin ray and pelvic fin origin (n=3) (Figs. 1B, 1D). serrations+granules (1), 8 serrations (2), 10 serrations (3) and its posterior edge with 6 (3) serrations (Table 5). Pelvic Fin counts are: dorsal fin ii-5 (3); anal fin iii-5 (2) and iii-6 fin length, 14.52-16.92 (15.92±1.25) %SL with straight (1); pelvic fin i-5 (3); pectoral fin i-7 (1) and i-8 (2) caudal margin; originated vertically opposite at base of last dorsal- fin i77i (3) including principal rays. Distance from tip of fin ray; tip of adpressed fin not reaching anal fin origin. snout to pre dorsal 41.74-42.63 (42.22±0.45) %SL and pre Adipose fin, short 13.73-14.36 (14.10±0.33) %SL; located pelvic distance 52.72-55.99 (54.30±1.64). Dorsal fin with opposite of anal fin base. Anal fin length, 20.42-21.71 straight margin; its length 18.60-20.55 (19.47±0.99) %SL (21.26±0.73) %SL; its anterior and posterior margins and its base length is 15.06-15.98 (15.43±0.49) %SL. straight. Caudal fin deeply forked less shorter than head Length of dorsal spine 13.23-17.60 (15.62±2.22) %SL. length, length of caudal fin 24.25-26.72 (25.64±1.27) %SL; Anterior edge of dorsal fin spine smooth and posterior both lobes pointed and equal in length but lower lobe is margin with low asperities; 2 (1 and 3) and 3 (2) serrations. slightly broader than upper. Caudal peduncle short 16.07- Pectoral fin long, its length 24.89-26.27 (25.49±0.71) %SL 17.14 (16.77±0.61) %SL and moderately deep, 8.40-9.66 and length of pectoral fin spine 18.39-19.48 (19.11±0.63). (9.15±0.67) %SL (Table 1).

Table 4: Proportional measurements of Pseudolaguvia shawi, P. assula, P. ribeiroi, P. kapuri, P. viriosa, P. lapillicola (characters 1-24 expressed as %SL and characters 25-30 expressed as %HL). No Morphometric P. shawi P. assula P. ribeiroi P. kapuri P. viriosa P. lapillicola measurements Tamang et n-6; including Tamang et al, (Ng and n-14; including n-4; including al, 2006. In: holotype (Ng and 2006. In: (Ng, Lalramliana, holotype (Ng and holotype (Britz et (Ng, 2005a) Convey, 2013) 2005) 2010) Tamang, 2012) al. 2013) % of SL 1 Standard len. 23.1 20.2-23.5 24.6 - 23.1-27.2 21.8-27.2 2 Pre-dorsal len. 45 41.2-46.1 45.5 - 41.1-47.1 39.5-41.8 3 Pre-anal len. 69.7 64.2-69.3 70.3 - 67.7-71.9 64.2-68.0 4 Pre-pelvic len. 51.9 51.5-54.2 51.2 - 52.3-56.9 47.0-49.1 5 Pre-pectoral len. 25.5 21.5-26.8 23.6 - 23.8-28.6 23.7-25.5 6 Dorsal fin base len. 13.4 12.3-18.4 16.7 - 14.6-18.0 16.1-16.7 7 Dorsal spine len. 14.3 20.3-24.8 15 14.0-15.5 23.4-29.0 15.7-18.0 8 Anal fin base len. 13.9 14.2-18.4 15.9 - 13.4-17.7 13.9-15.5 9 Pelvic fin len. 16 14.2-18.9 15.4 - 13.1-15.6 16.9-18.2 10 Pectoral fin len. 24.2 27.6-32.5 22.4 - 29.2-36.6 25.8-28.0 11 Pectoral fin spine 18.6 23.3-28.3 18.3 - 26.9-32.9 18.3-20.1 len. 12 Caudal fin len. 19.5 28.2-33.2 26 - 26.5-32.4 28.6-30.3 13 Adipose fin base len. 17.7 13.1-17.2 13 17.1-18.9 12.5-15.4 21.2-23.9 14 Dorsal-adipose dist. - 10.7-16.2 - - 11.7-15.4 29.2-30.1 15 Post adipose dist. - 14.7-18.8 - - 14.6-18.6 16.6-20.3 16 Caudal peduncle len. 16 15.4-17 17.9 - 14.8-17.7 14.8-17.9 17 Caudal peduncle 7.4 7-8.3 6.9 7.3-9.2 7.4-9.8 7.5-8.2 dep. 18 Body depth at anus 14.3 13.7-16.2 14.6 - 16.9-19.0 16.5-17.2 19 Head len. 6.8 29.4-32.4 7.2 - 28.5-33.1 28.5-31.6 20 Head width - 21.7-24.8 - 23.4-24.0 21.5-23.5 24.6-25.9 21 Head depth - 16.2-17.6 - - 16.0-20.8 19.4-20.7 22 Dorsal fin len. - - - - - 23-24.1 23 Dorsal fin dep. - - - - - 12.5-15.9 24 Anal fin len. - - - - - 23.4-24.7 % of Head length 25 Head width 77.9 - 77.8 - - - 26 Head depth 60.3 - 62.5 - - - 27 Snout length 51.5 49-55 55.6 - 50-54 34-42 28 Inter-orbital width 32.4 29-36 34.7 - 35-38 30-33 29 Orbit diameter 13.2 9-13 9.7 - 11-15 14-15 30 Nasal barbellen. - - - - 11-16 25-27 31 Maxillary barbellen. - - - - 55-81 99-106 32 Medial mandibular - - - - 33-43 44-47 len. 33 Lateral mand. Len. - - - - 44-65 60-66 Sl= standard length, HL= head length, len.=length, dist=distance, dep.=depth, Lateral mandi. len.=Lateral mandibular length, Inter-orbital width= IOW, Orbit diameter=OD, Nasal barbel length= NBL, Maxillary barbel length= MBL, Medial mandibular length= MML, Lateral mandibular length= LML, ped.= peduncle

This paper can be downloaded online at http://ijasbt.org&http://nepjol.info/index.php/IJASBT A. Rayamajhi and M. Arunachalam (2017) Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(4): 434-441 Table 5: Comparative meristic characters. Psudolaguvia species Dorsal spine at ant. Dorsal spine at post. Pectoral spine at Pectoral spine at edge edge ant. edge post. edge P. muricata (Ng, 2005) 8-12 6-10 14-18 9-13 P. foveolata (Ng, 2005) sm 2 ss 5 ss 6 ls P. nubila (Ng. et al., 2013) sm ls 7-8 6-7 P. nubila (FRDFM 5 (ex 1), CAR 2 sm 2-3 ls 8-10 6 (ex 2), (n=3) P. spicula (Ng & Lalramliana, 2010) sm 3-5 9-15 5-7 P. virgulata (NG & Lalramliana, 9-17 ss 3-5 ls 11-17 ss 6-8 ls 2010) P. tenebricosa (Britz & Ferraris, not known weak serration serration 5-7 2003) P. inornata (Ng, 2005) sm 4-6 ss 16-18 8-9 ls P. ferruginea (Ng, 2009) sm 3-4 8-14 5-8 P. flavida (Ng, 2009) 6 single 10 8 P. austrina (Radhakrishnan et al., granulated 24 ss 17-19 strong s 7-11strong s 2010) P. ferula (Ng, 2006) sm 4-5 ss 11-15 5-7 P. shawi (Tamang et al., 2006) sm roughened vms 7 P. assula (Ng and Convey, 2013) sm 4-6 ss 12-19 s 9-12 s P. viriosa (Ng & Tamang, 2012) sm 7-11 13-27 8-11 P. lapillicola (Britzet al. 2013) sm 3 m+2 sms granulate 7-9s P. kapuri (Ng and Lalramliana, 2010) serrated - - - P. ribeiroi (Hora, 1921) serrated - serrated 8 sm=smooth, eg=except granulation, s=serration, ss=small serration, ls=large serration, ant.=anterior, post.=posterior, ls= Low asperities, vms=very minute serration, m=serration at middle of spine , sms=more proximal serration body with yellowish bands, feebly projecting snout, absence Distribution and Habitat of Y-shaped pale marking on head, smooth edge of anterior Psudolaguvia nubila (new record) were collected from spine of dorsal fin and combination of morphometric Central Nepal, from Baandhkhola = stream, a tributary of measurements and above mentioned characters has almost Narayani River confluences with Ganges River (Fig. 3). The all similarity with specimens (n=3) from Nepal. The type locality was a shallow stream with low flow running, Pseudolaguvia community is apparently entirely unique clear water. River width and depth were 15 m and 0.3048 m and it seems to have more species representation to this (30.48 cm) respectively and the substrate was observed to point there is practically no information available on the have pebbles, sand, small boulders and logs. Some aquatic biology of any Pseudolaguvia species. vegetation such as water hyacinth, and submerged plants were observed. During fish collection at site, air temperature was 26ºC, water temperature 23ºC, pH 7.1, dissolved oxygen 7.4 mg/l, conductivity 0.01ms and total dissolved solids 0.2 ppt as well as weather was shiny. Fish species collected from this area are; Barilius vagra, Osteobrama cotio cotio, Chagunius chagunio, Puntius conchonius, Puntius sophore, Garra mullya, Mystus bleekeri, Macrognathus pancalus, Mastacembelus armatus and Pseudolaguvia nubila (new record for Nepal). Discussion Pseudolaguvia nubila was originally described from Sala River, a tributary of the Kaladan River, Mizoram from north eastearn India (Ng et al., 2013) and there was no record Fig. 3: Type locality of Pseudolaguvia nubila (new record) since its description from the type locality. Senior author collected from Baandhkhola=stream (a tributary of collected specimen from Baandh stream, a tributary of Narayani River), Central Nepal Narayani River from Nepal. Pseudolaguvia nubila from Comparison Material Examined Nepal showed almost similar characters with the original Pseudolaguvia ferruginea: Data from Ng, 2009. description except having 6 serrations on anterior edge of the pectoral spine (vs.7-8 serrations). In original Pseudolaguvia spicula: MSUMNH 107 (1 ex.) 25.47 mm description, diagnosis was mainly based on a mottled brown SL; CMA 50 (1 ex.) 23.66 mm; from Kajaldoba Anthora stream, Jalpaguri, West Bengal; Collected by M. This paper can be downloaded online at http://ijasbt.org&http://nepjol.info/index.php/IJASBT A. Rayamajhi and M. Arunachalam (2017) Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(4): 434-441 Arunachalam, 27 November, 2012 and also data from Ng Hora SL (1921) On some new or rare species of fish from the and Lalramliana, 2010. eastern Himalayas. Records of the Indian Museum22: 731- 744. Pseudolaguvia shawi: Data from Tamang et al., 2006 Ng HH (2005) Pseudolaguvia foveolata, A new catfish (Teleostei: Pseudolaguvia virgulata: Data from Ng and Lalrammliana Erethistidae) from northeast India. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters 16(2): 173-178. (2010). Ng HH (2005a) Two new species of Pseudolaguvia (Teleostei: Pseudolaguvia ferula: Data from Ng, 2006. Erethistidae) from Bangladesh. Zootaxa 1044: 35-47. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1044.1.4 Pseudolaguvia tenebricosa: Data from Britz and Ferraris Ng HH (2006) Pseudoleguvia ferula, a new species of sisorid (2003); Ng & Lalramliana, 2010) catfish (Teleostei: Erethistidae) from India, Zootaxa 1229: 59-68. Pseudolaguvia nubila: MSUMNH 112 (1 ex.) 26.50 mm Ng HH (2009) Two new species of Pseudolaguvia, sisorid SL, CMA 53 (2 ex.) 23.23-25.71mm SL; Kajaldoba catfishes (Teleostei: Siluriformes) from northestern India. Anthojora stream, Jalpaguri, West Bengal. Collector; M. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters 20: 227-288. Arunachalam and its team, 27 November and also data from Ng HH and Conway KW (2013) Pseudolaguvia assula, a new Ng et al., 2013. species of crypto-benthic sisorid catfish from central Nepal (Teleostei: ), Ichthyological, Exploration Pseudolaguvia kapuri: Data from Ng and Lalramliana, of Freshwaters 24(2): 179-185. 2010 Ng HH and Kottelat M (2013) Revision of the Asian catfish genus Pseudolaguvia muricata: Data from Ng, 2005a. Hemibagrus Bleekeri, 1862 (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Bagridae). The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61: 205-291. Pseudolaguvia inornata: Data from Ng, 2005. Ng HH and Lalramliana (2010) Pseudolaguvia spicula, a new sisorid catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Bangladesh and Pseudolaguvia lapillicola: Data from Britzand Raghavan, northeastern India. Zootaxa 2558: 61-68. 2013. Ng HH and Lalramliana (2010) Pseudolaguvia virgulata, a new Pseudolaguvia assula: Data from Ng and Conway, 2013. sisorid catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Mizoram, northeastern India. Zootaxa 2518: 60-68. Pseudolaguvia ribeiroi: Data from Tamang et al., 2006. In: Ng HH and Tamang L (2012) Pseudolaguvia viriosa, a new catfish Ng, 2005 (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from north-eastern India, Zootaxa 3522: 81-88. Pseudolaguvia foveolata: Data from Ng, 2005. Ng HH, Lalramliana S, Lalronunga and Lalnuntluanga (2013) Pseudolaguvia flavida: Data from Ng, 2009. Pseudolaguvia nubila, new sisorid catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from northeastern India. Zootaxa 3647(4): 518- Pseudolaguvia viriosa: Data from Ng and Tamang, 2012. 526. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3647.4.2 Pseudolaguvia assula: Data from Ng and Conway, 2013. Prasdad B and Mukerji DD (1929) The fish of the Indwgyi Lake and the streams of the Myitkyina district (Upper Burma), Pseudolaguvia austrina: Radhakrishnan et al., 2010. Records of the Indian Museum 31: 161-223. Radhakrishnan KV, Sureshkumar S and Ng HH (2010) Acknowledgments Pseudolaguvia austrina, a new species of sisorid catfish I am also grateful to Mr. S. Mariappan, Drawing master of (Osteichthyes: Siluriformes) from peninsular Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Environmental Sciences, India.Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters 21(4): Manonmaniam Sundaranar University for line drawings of 377-383. specimen Pseudolaguvia nubila collected by author from Rajbanshi KG (1982) A General Bibliography on Fish and Baandhkhola= stream (a tributary of Narayani River) buffer Fisheries of Nepal. Royal Nepal Academy, Kamaladi, Kathmandu, Nepal. zone of Chitwan National Park (CNP), boundry of Rayamajhi A, Arunachalam M, Usharamalakshmi M (2016) Nawalparasi district, Central Nepal. Thankful to the Pseudolaguvia Nepalensis, A New Catfish (Teleostei: fishermen of Tharu community of Home Stay area, Siluriformes: Erethistidae) from Central, Nepal. Nawalparasi for their cooperation in fish collection. International Journal of Pure and Applied Zoology 2016; 4 (1): 46-56. References Shrestha TK (2008) Ichthyology of Nepal: A Study of Fishes of Britz R and Ferraris CJ (2003) A new species of the Asian catfish the Himalayan Waters. Himalayan Ecosphere. genus Pseudolaguvia from Myanmar (Teleostei: Kathmandu, 388. Ostariophyse: Siluriformes: Erethistidae). Zootaxa 388: 1- Tamang L, Chaudhary S and Chaudhary D (2006) On a new 8. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.388.1.1 records of freshwaters fish, Pseudolaguvia shawi (Hora) Britz R, Ali A and Raghavan R (2013) Pseudolaguvia lapillicola, from Arunachal Pradesh, India (Teleostomi: Erethistidae). a new species of catfish from peninsular India (Teleostei: Zoos’ print Journal 21(11): 2443-2446. Sisoridae). Ichthyological Exploration Freshwaters 23(4): 289-295.

This paper can be downloaded online at http://ijasbt.org&http://nepjol.info/index.php/IJASBT