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Physical Properties of Liquids and Gases Elsevier US Job Code:CAPA Chapter:0capaappC 22-12-2006 5:31p.m. Page:827 Trimsize:8.5in×11in Appendix C PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS AND GASES TABLES OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS AND C-18 Solubility of Naphthenes in Water GASES C-19 Solubility of Nitrogen Compounds in Water C-20 Henry’s Law Constant for Nitrogen Compounds in C-1 Density of Liquids Water C-2 Viscosity of Gas C-21 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of Liquids C-3 Viscosity of Liquids C-22 Adsorption Capacity of Activated Carbon C-4 Heat Capacity of Gas C-5 Heat Capacity of Liquid C-6 Thermal Conductivity of Gas C-7 Thermal Conductivity of Liquids and Solids FURTHER READING C-8 Surface Tension of Organic Liquids C-9 Vapor Pressure 1. Yaws, C.L., Chemical Properties Handbook: Physical, Thermo- C-10 Enthalpy of Vaporization dynamic, Environmental, Transport, Safety, and Health Related C-11 Enthalpy of Formation Properties for Organic and Inorganic Chemicals, McGraw-Hill, C-12 Gibbs Energy of Formation 1995. C-13 Solubility in Salt Water 2. Yaws, C.L., J.R. Hopper, and R.W. Pike, “Calculating Solubility and C-14 Solubility of Organic Compounds in Water as a Henry’s Law Constants for Gases in Water”, Chem. Eng., Jun 1999, Function of Temperature p. 102. C-15 Henry’s Law Constant for Gases in Water as a Function 3. Yaws, C.L., J.R. Hopper, Sunil R. Mishra, and R.W. Pike, “Solubility of Temperature and Henry’s Law Constants for Amines in Water”, Chem. Eng., Aug C-16 Solubility of Selected Gases in Water as a Function of 2001, p. 84. Temperature 4. Yaws, C.L., P. Bajaj, H. Singh, and R.W. Pike, “Solubility and Henry’s C-17 Solubility of Sulfur Compounds in Water as a Function Law Constants for Sulfur Compounds in Water”, Chem. Eng., Aug 2003, of Boiling Point for Mercaptans and Aromatics p. 60. 827 Fonts used:Times & Universal 55 family Margins:Top:3p6 Gutter:4p6 Font Size:9/10pt Text Width:41p6 Depth:65 Lines Elsevier US Job Code:CAPA Chapter:0capaappC 22-12-2006 5:31p.m. Page:828 Trimsize:8.5in×11in 828 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS AND GASES TABLE C-1 Density of Liquids –(1 – T/T )n ρ ρ L = A B c ( L – g/ml, T – K) ρ ° No. Formula Substance AB nTc Tmin Tmax L at 25 C 1 C2H3Cl3 1,1,1-Trichloroethane 0.47476 0.27258 0.29333 545.00 242.75 545.00 1.330 2 C2H3Cl3 1,1,2-Trichloroethane 0.47455 0.25475 0.31000 602.00 236.50 602.00 1.435 3 C2H4Cl2 1,1-Dichloroethane 0.41231 0.26533 0.28700 523.00 176.19 523.00 1.168 4 C2H4Cl2 1,2-Dichloroethane 0.46501 0.28742 0.31041 561.00 237.49 561.00 1.246 5 C4H6 1,3-Butadiene 0.24597 0.27227 0.29074 425.37 164.25 425.37 0.615 6 C4H8O2 1,4-Dioxane 0.37018 0.28130 0.30470 587.00 284.95 587.00 1.029 7 C4H10O 1-Butanol (n-Butanol) 0.26891 0.26674 0.24570 562.93 183.85 562.93 0.806 8 C4H8 1-Butene 0.23224 0.26630 0.28530 419.59 87.80 419.59 0.588 9 C10H20 1-Decene 0.23981 0.25776 0.28562 617.05 206.89 617.05 0.737 10 C9H20 1-Nonane (n-Nonane) 0.23364 0.25556 0.28571 595.65 219.63 595.65 0.715 11 C8H16 1-Octene 0.23682 0.25649 0.28571 566.60 171.45 566.60 0.711 12 C3H8O 1-Propanol (n-Propanol) 0.27684 0.27200 0.24940 536.71 146.95 536.71 0.802 13 C2H4O Acetaldehyde 0.28207 0.26004 0.27760 461.00 150.15 461.00 0.774 14 C2H4O2 Acetic acid 0.35182 0.26954 0.26843 592.71 289.81 592.71 1.043 15 C4H6O3 Acetic anhydride 0.33578 0.24080 0.26990 569.15 200.15 569.15 1.077 16 C3H6O Acetone 0.27728 0.25760 0.29903 508.20 178.45 508.20 0.786 17 C3H4O2 Acrylic acid 0.34645 0.25822 0.30701 615.00 286.65 615.00 1.046 18 NH3 Ammonia 0.23689 0.25471 0.28870 405.65 195.41 405.65 0.602 19 C6H7N Aniline 0.31190 0.25000 0.28571 699.00 267.13 699.00 1.018 20 C6H6 Benzene 0.30090 0.26770 0.28180 562.16 278.68 562.16 0.873 21 C4H8O2 Butyric acid 0.31132 0.26192 0.27997 628.00 267.95 628.00 0.953 22 CS2 Carbon disulfide 0.47589 0.28749 0.32260 552.00 161.58 552.00 1.256 23 CO2 Carbon dioxide 0.46382 0.26160 0.29030 304.19 216.58 304.19 0.713 24 CO Carbon monoxide 0.29818 0.27655 0.29053 132.92 68.15 132.92 – 25 CC14 Carbon tetrachloride 0.56607 0.27663 0.29000 556.35 250.33 556.35 1.583 26 Cl2 Chlorine 0.56600 0.27315 0.28830 417.15 172.12 417.15 1.398 27 CHC13 Chloroform 0.49807 0.25274 0.28766 536.40 209.63 536.40 1.480 28 C6H12 Cyclohexane 0.27376 0.27408 0.28511 553.54 279.69 553.54 0.773 29 C6H12O Cyclohexanol 0.29681 0.24340 0.28570 625.15 296.60 625.15 0.960 30 C3H6 Cyclopropane 0.25880 0.27400 0.28571 397.91 145.73 397.91 0.619 31 CH2C12 Dichloromethane 0.45965 0.25678 0.29020 510.00 178.01 510.00 1.318 32 C4H10O Diethyl ether 0.27267 0.27608 0.29358 466.70 156.85 466.70 0.708 33 C5H10O Diethyl ketone 0.25635 0.24291 0.27364 560.95 234.18 560.95 0.810 34 C2H7N Dimethylamine 0.24110 0.26785 0.24800 437.65 180.96 437.65 0.650 35 C2H6 Ethane 0.20087 0.27330 0.28330 305.42 90.35 305.42 0.315 36 C2H6O Ethanol 0.26570 0.26395 0.23670 516.25 159.05 516.25 0.787 37 C4H8O2 Ethyl acetate 0.30654 0.25856 0.27800 523.30 189.60 523.30 0.894 38 C2H5Cl Ethyl chloride 0.32259 0.27464 0.23140 460.35 136.75 460.35 0.890 39 C8H10 Ethylbenzene 0.28889 0.26438 0.29210 617.17 178.20 617.17 0.865 40 C2H4 Ethylene 0.21428 0.28061 0.28571 282.36 104.01 282.36 – 41 C2H6O2 Ethylene glycol 0.32503 0.25499 0.17200 645.00 260.15 645.00 1.110 42 C2H4O Ethylene oxide 0.31402 0.26089 0.28253 469.15 161.45 469.15 0.862 43 F2 Fluorine 0.57092 0.28518 0.29000 144.31 53.48 144.31 – 44 C3H8O3 Glycerol 0.34908 0.24902 0.15410 723.00 291.33 723.00 1.257 45 H2 Hydrogen 0.03125 0.34730 0.27560 33.18 13.95 33.18 – 46 HCl Hydrogen chloride 0.44134 0.26957 0.31870 324.65 159.97 324.65 0.796 47 CHN Hydrogen cyanide 0.19501 0.18589 0.28206 456.65 259.91 465.65 0.680 48 H2O2 Hydrogen peroxide 0.43776 0.24982 0.28770 730.15 272.74 730.15 1.443 49 C4H10 i-Butane (iso-Butane) 0.22281 0.27294 0.27301 408.14 113.54 408.14 0.552 50 CH4 Methane 0.15998 0.28810 0.27700 190.58 90.67 190.58 – 51 CH4O Methanol 0.27197 0.27192 0.23310 512.58 175.47 512.58 0.787 Fonts used:Times & Universal 55 family Margins:Top:3p6 Gutter:4p6 Font Size:9/10pt Text Width:41p6 Depth:65 Lines Elsevier US Job Code:CAPA Chapter:0capaappC 22-12-2006 5:31p.m. Page:829 Trimsize:8.5in×11in APPENDIX C 829 TABLE C-1—(continued) –(1 – T/ T )n ρ ρ L = A B c ( L– g/ml, T – K) ρ ° No. Formula Substance AnB Tc Tmin Tmax L at 25 C 52 CH3Br Methyl bromide 0.60859 0.26292 0.28030 467.00 179.55 467.00 1.662 53 CH3Cl Methyl chloride 0.35821 0.26109 0.28690 416.25 175.45 416.25 0.913 54 C6H12O Methyl isobutyl ketone 0.26654 0.25887 0.28571 571.40 189.15 571.40 0.796 55 CH5N Methylamine 0.20168 0.21405 0.22750 430.05 179.69 430.05 0.655 56 C8H10 m-Xylene 0.27866 0.25925 0.27243 617.05 225.30 617.05 0.861 57 C10H8 Naphthalene 0.30619 0.25037 0.28300 748.35 353.43 748.35 – 58 C4H10 n-Butane 0.22827 0.27240 0.28630 425.18 134.86 425.18 0.573 59 C10H22 n-Decane 0.23276 0.25240 0.28570 618.45 243.49 618.45 0.728 60 C7H16 n-Heptane 0.23237 0.26020 0.27910 540.26 182.57 540.26 0.682 61 C6H14 n-Hexane 0.23242 0.26500 0.27810 507.43 177.84 507.43 0.656 62 C6H5NO2 Nitrobenzene 0.36140 0.24731 0.28570 719.00 278.91 719.00 1.199 63 N2 Nitrogen 0.31205 0.28479 0.29250 126.10 63.15 126.10 – 64 C9H20 n-Nonane 0.23364 0.25556 0.28571 595.65 219.63 595.65 0.715 65 C8H18 n-Octane 0.22807 0.25476 0.26940 568.83 216.38 568.83 0.699 66 C5H12 n-Pentane 0.23143 0.26923 0.28215 469.65 143.42 469.65 0.621 67 O2 Oxygen 0.43533 0.28772 0.29240 154.58 54.35 154.58 – 68 C8H10 o-Xylene 0.28381 0.26083 0.27410 630.37 247.98 630.37 0.876 69 C6H6O Phenol 0.41476 0.32162 0.32120 694.25 314.06 694.25 – 70 C8H10 p-Xylene 0.27984 0.26003 0.27900 616.26 286.41 616.26 0.858 71 C5H5N Pyridine 0.30752 0.24333 0.30450 619.95 231.53 619.95 0.979 72 C8H8 Styrene 0.29383 0.26315 0.28570 648.00 242.54 648.00 0.900 73 C7H8 Toluene 0.29999 0.27108 0.29889 591.79 178.18 591.79 0.865 74 C4H6O2 Vinyl acetate 0.31843 0.25803 0.28270 524.00 180.35 524.00 0.926 75 H2O Water 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13 273.16 647.13 1.027 ρ L – density of liquid, g/ml A, B, n, and Tc – regression coefficients of chemical compound T – temperature, K Tmin – minimum temperature, K Tmax – maximum temperature, K Fonts used:Times & Universal 55 family Margins:Top:3p6 Gutter:4p6 Font Size:9/10pt Text Width:41p6 Depth:65 Lines Elsevier US Job Code:CAPA Chapter:0capaappC 22-12-2006 5:31p.m.
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