M/s J. K. Minerals, Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. PREAMBLE Minerals are the chief source of present phase of industrialization, and play an important role in the present phase of the national economy and overall development of the nation. is endowed with significant mineral resources. India produces 89 minerals out of which 4 are fuel minerals, 11 metallic, 52 non-metallic and 22 minor minerals. State is enriched with good deposit of manganese ore mainly spread over in the Balaghat, and Jhabua districts. The total reserves of 23.64 million tonnes of manganese ore is available in the State constituting 14.09% of total national reserve. The "Bharveli manganese mine" in is largest underground mine operating in Asian sub-continent. The manganese ore deposits of the State are being exploited mainly by the Manganese Ore India Limited. During the year 2001-02, manganese ore has contributed Rs. 1.51 crores as royalty to the State Exchequer. Manganese ore Mining project is located at village – G. F. Sonewani Forest Range, Tahsil ; Balaghat District (MP). The mining lease consists of two blocks which are geographically separated. Block-1 : 18ha known as Sodhan Hurki and Block-2:15ha known as Gulla Hurki. Land use of the area is Govt. Forest land and forest clearance has already been obtained from MoEF, New Dehli. 33.0 Ha mining lease area is being operated by the lessee firm M/s J. K. Minerals, having Reg. office at Main Road, Balaghat (MP) and lessee firm partnership firm. All Partners are Indian nationals. The details of the partners are given below: 1. Shri Arvind Kumar J. Trivedi 2. Shri Vinay Chandra J. Trivedi

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M/s J. K. Minerals, Balaghat Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

3. Shri Tapesh Chandra J. Trivedi 4. Shri Narendra J. Trivedi 5. Shri Pradyuman Kumar J. Trivedi 6. Prafulla Chandra J. Trivedi

This activity was interrupted due to expiry of mining lease period and intervention of the Forest department, Govt. of MP. Mining lease deed after renewal was executed on 14/6/2001 for a period of 20years with effect from 30/06/1999 to 29/06/2019.

In order to assess the likely impacts on environment due to the mining activities being carried out in the manganese ore Mining lease area of 33.0Ha, M/s J. K. Minerals has entrusted this task to M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal to carry out the Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment study of the mining lease area and based on the same to suggest an Environment Management Plan (EMP) and a Disaster Management Plan. 2. LOCATION The area is approachable by an all weather main road from Waraseoni (25 Kms). Nearest Railway Station is Saongi (N.G.) on Balaghat- Katnagi sector (S-E railway), about 8 kms from the area. Nearest Police station, P.W.D. Rest House & Hospital, Post office & School are situated in Waraseoni (25 kms). 3. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING 33.0 Ha of mining lease area is located in village – G. F. Sonewani, Taluka- Waraseoni & Dist. Balaghat, M.P. Land use of the area is forest land. The area lies at the cross section of 21 o51’52’’ N to 21 o52 ’0’’ N and 79 o57’13’’ to 79 o58’0’’ E and is covered under Toposheet no 54O/13. The mining lease was sanctioned under

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M/s J. K. Minerals, Balaghat Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

proposed for Mineral Manganese ore. Details of project setting given below: Details of Project Settings S. No. Particulars Details 1 Latitude 21 o51’52’’ N to 21 o52 ’0’’ N 2 Longitude 79 o57’13’’ to 79 o58’0’’ E 3 Height above mean sea 385 AMSL to 325 AMSL level 4 Ground water table 8-10mbgl 5 Ultimate working depth Underground mining 5 Nearest City Waraseoni about 25 km 6 Nearest Railway Station Savangi at 8 km 7 Nearest Airport Nagpur located at about 172 km from the mines by road 8 Nearest Highway – Khairlanji State Highway 9 Nearest Village Penditola- 1.5 Km – SW 10 Hills/Valley No 11 Ecological Sensitive Zone No national parks and sanctuary 12 Reserve Forest Sonawani RF 13 Historical Place No 14 Nearest River/ Nalla Katngajhari Canal-2.5km-SSE, Chapa Tank-2.25-SW Katangjhari Tank-1.25km-SE, Kas Nalla- 1.5km-W Dhokriya Nalla- 4.5km-W, Chandan River-9.5-SE Tondiya Nalla-8.0km-E, Sarathi Nadi-N-8.0km Sarathi Tank-NE-8.5km 15 Annual Climatic Max. Temp. – 47.5 oC, Conditions Min m Temp. – 8.5 oC Average Rainfall–1600- 1900mm

4. REASON FOR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA) The impact of mine on the environment depends to a large extent on its location with respect to Human settlements, meteorological

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M/s J. K. Minerals, Balaghat Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

conditions, ambient air quality, water bodies, agricultural and forest land etc. Most of the adverse impacts of mines are amenable to technological control by providing necessary preventive and control measures and finally through effective environmental management of the operating mines. Keeping in view the likely impacts of mines on environment, this Rapid environment impact assessment report has been prepared for submission to State Pollution Control Board and Ministry for Environment and Forests (MoEF) for clearance of the proposed mining area. 5. PROJECT DESCRIPTION 5.1 Mineable reserves and anticipated life of the mine: Mineable Reserves and Anticipated Life of the Mine for Block-1: Geological reserves Proved Category & probable : 1698391 T For working out Mineable reserves & anticipated life of the mine, the reserves only in Proved category are considered. 1. Therefore total Mineable Reserves : 1342063 T 2. Less ore reserves trapped as under 7.5m mining limit zone: 81000T 3. Reserves blocked in Crown Pillar in levels, winzes & barrier along main inclines in A & C Block : 90315T 4. Balance mineable reserve : 1170748T 5. Saleable ore available @ 50% recovery : 585374T 6. Sub grade ore available @ 30% : 351224T 7. Production during ensuing 5year period (saleable ore): 110388.6T 8. Production during ensuing 5year period (sub grade ore):66233T 9. Balance reserve after five years (585374-110388.6): 474985.4T 10. Balance time period @ 30515TPA (saleable ore): 15.56years 11. Thus anticipated life of the mine (saleable ore) = 5+15.56years = 20.56 say 21years

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M/s J. K. Minerals, Balaghat Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

Mineable Reserves and Anticipated Life of the Mine for the Block-2: Geological reserves Proved Category & probable: 172000 T For working out Mineable reserves & anticipated life of the mine, the reserves only in Proved category are considered. 1. Therefore total Mineable Reserves : 142235 T 2. Less ore reserves trapped as under 7.5m mining limit zone: 8100T 3. Reserves blocked between ultimate pit limit and mining limit near NE-SW boundary : 16200T 4. Balance mineable reserve : 117935T 5. Saleable ore available @ 60% recovery: 70761T 6. Sub grade ore available @40% : 47174T 7. Production during ensuing 5year period (saleable ore): 11197.45T 8. Production during ensuing 5year period (sub grade ore):7464.95T 9. Balance reserve after five years (11197.45-70761): 59563.55T 10. Balance time period @ 19485TPA (saleable ore): 3.05years Thus anticipated life of the mine (saleable ore) = 5+3years = 8 years Mine life for Blcok-1 is 21years & Block-2 is 8 years

5.2 Mining Method (a) Present & proposed mining method: The mining lease consists of two blocks which are geographically separated. Block-1: 18ha known as Sodhan Hurki and Block-2: 15ha known as Gulla hurki. The ML area falls under the forest area where surface mining in not permitted to preserve the forest cover. Underground workings are permitted under stringent conditions laid down by the forest department. Only necessary features and infrastructures are made on the surface . The earlier mining scheme for Block-1 was prepared for a period of five years from 2004-05 for exploratory underground mining as well as recovery of ore from dump mining from the mineralized dump in the area. The area has a long

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M/s J. K. Minerals, Balaghat Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

history of open cast (dump mining) as well as underground working. The underground mining in the area was in progress for the last many years roughly from periods of 1967 up to 1970 as per old record and 1996 to 1999 in the central portion of the area. This activity was interrupted due to expiry of lease period and intervention of the Forest Department, Govt. of . After the renewal the activity of mining consisted only of recovery of ore from old mineralized dumps. The underground workings falling in the central part of lease area are flooded for want of any mining activity since 1999. However the proposal in this mining scheme is for development of the ore deposits by underground method of mining. For the sake of convenience, in this mining scheme, it is proposed to divide the area in to 3 blocks as below: 1. Block- A from western lease boundary to main Incline (KH-2 Incline) 2. Central Block from KH-2 Incline to Ventilation Shaft No. 3 3. Block-C from Shaft-3 to the eastern boundary The mining operations in the block-2 spread over many decades were carried out by opencast method on extensive scale in the three pits (pit no. 1, 2 & 3). For the sake of convenience the block-2 under mining lease is divided into two zones K Zone and H zone the line of separation being a nala running N-S in central portion of the block-2. The proposed underground working consists of levels, Drives, Winzes, Stopes etc.

(i) Already carried out in the area:- The area has a long history of open cast (dump mining) as well as underground working. The underground mining in the area was in progress for the last many years roughly from periods of 1967 up to 1970 as per old record and 1996 to 1999 in the central portion of the

Ex. Summary 6 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal

M/s J. K. Minerals, Balaghat Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

area. This activity was interrupted due to expiry of lease period and intervention of the Forest Department, Govt. of Madhya Pradesh. After the renewal the activity of mining consisted only of recovery of ore from old mineralized dumps. The underground workings falling in the central part of lease area are flooded for want of any mining activity since 1999. During the scheme of mining period for block-1 two vertical boreholes (BH-1 to BH-2) were completed both the boreholes encountered the ore body. The details of boreholes are given in table: Boreholes mRL of Expected length Co-ordinate Angle or No. collar of BH of boreholes from grid plan boreholes BH-1 354.633 About 96m 257E, 505N Vertical BH-2 351.158 About 120m 294E, 520N Vertical

In the approved mining scheme of Block-2, it was proposed to give four boreholes. The lessee has completed one borehole (BH-4) in the North Eastern part of Pit No. 1 and has proved continuity of ore body in depth. The quality of the core of manganese ore band recovered from the borehole is found to be satisfactory. (ii) Future Planning:- It is proposed to give 5 boreholes (PBH-1 to PBH-2) in the block-1 to get the idea of: 1. The quality and quantity of Manganese ore available in depth 2. Ascertain the shape and size & pegmatite inclusion in the ore body wherever encountered Mining method for Block-1 1. Access/ entries to underground workings: a. Ore deposit is approached by underground method i.e. by inclines, x-cuts, drives, winzes/raises etc. because mining lease area falls under forest area. b. There are three main inclines namely I-1, I-2, & I-3. I-1 & I- 3 are from surface while I-2 is from the underground in the

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M/s J. K. Minerals, Balaghat Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

central of the area. Main inclines are excavated in the ore body from surface to the 7.5m zone barrier of North boundary in dip direction. They have to cater the life of the mine. Main inclines are furnished with haulage track de- watering line and also serves as intake/return for ventilation purpose. As such 10m shaft pillar on each side of the incline in maintained for protection and safety of main inclines. c. There are other auxiliary opening from the surface namely TENDU Pit (Pit No.1) K-Incline (Pit No.2) and other two vertical shafts which are used for travelling, material handling and ventilation purposes. d. The block-1 area is divided in 3 parts west to pit no. 1 is western block, I-2 Incline to western boundary is eastern block and area between I-1 & I-2 incline is central block. e. Western and eastern blocks have fresh workings and are under development on priority for stoping purpose while central part has old working and will interconnect eastern and western workings at second level. f. Expect the central part, eastern and western part will have ore blocks of 30m x 30m in general. The area is still under development but the development will be completed by the end of second year of the scheme g. On completion of development, stoping of blocks formed as mentioned above will be taken up for production during balance period and conceptual period. h. In the mean time permission for stoping, expert opinion of rock mechanics department on rock mass rating RMR and suitable type of support required will be obtained i. Development work in central part will be continued during balance period and conceptual period.

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M/s J. K. Minerals, Balaghat Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

Mining method for block-2 In block -2, the underground development work will continue in H zone in and around pit no. 3 and in K zone in and around pit no. 2. The facilities such as levels cross cuts, winzes already done will be used for further progress during this mining scheme. K zone - In K- zone underground working is proposed to be extended towards pit no. 2 as small opening of 8m deep opening following the ore body is found to be done earlier. This opening will be developed into an Incline called as KI-5 and this will be connected to level and being developed during this mining scheme period. Other Incline KI-3 and KI-4 in Pit-1 are reached to the boundary and now the levels are being developed. Block No. KS1; KS2; KS3; KS4; KS5; KS6; & KS7 in Pit no. 1 are ready for stoping. The lessee will shortly apply for permission of stoping to DGMS and IBM in proper form and in details. In K zone one vertical Shaft situated to the North of Pit no. 1 has been found out. The shaft is of 2.4m L x 1.8m W and it is about 32m deep and joins in the second level. Presently this shaft has been cleared of accumulated debris and silt and has not been brought to any use what so ever other than the natural ventilation. H zone – In this H zone the Inclines HS1 and HS2 are in progress and no stoping is required. Incline HS-1 will be the main incline for haulage of material excavated underground. At the opening of HI-1 in the open pit it is protected, as a safety measure, by concrete-lining for about 2 to 3m in the Incline and will be extended by 2m in the open pit. Concrete –lining is about 30cm thick. In addition where ever required roof bolting (1.2m x 1.2m) is being provided.

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M/s J. K. Minerals, Balaghat Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

A crown pillar of about 10 to 13m will be maintained in the ore body. In addition pillars of 5m width in ore body along the entire length of HS-1 and HS-2 will be maintained 5.3 Salient Features of the Mines S. No. Particulars Details 1 Type of Mine Underground 2 Mining Lease Area 33.0Ha (18.0ha for Block-1 & 15.0ha for Block-2) 3. Existing Pits & Quarries 7.813ha 4. Existing Dumps 9.7183ha 5. Infrastructure and road 0.6970ha 6. Mineral Storage 0.5000ha 7. Plantation 14.2717ha 8. Barren Land Nil 9. Geological Reserve 1878391 tonnes 10. Recoverable Reserve 1288683tonnes 11. Method of mining OTFM 12. Ultimate Pit Slope 45o 13. Present capacity of mines 16715 tonnes per annum 14. Expected Life of Mines 21years 15. Lease Period 20 year upto 2019 16. Thickness of top soil/OB Minimum 2.0 m Maximum 5.0 m 17. Stripping Ratio - 18 Existing mode to transportation Road of Manganese ore 19 Area to be covered under dumps 9.7183ha 20 Area covered under pit 7.813Ha 21 Area to be reclaimed by lease 2.0ha period end 22 Area to be covered under 14.2717 ha plantation by lease period end 23 Average mRL 385-325AMSL 24 Ground water table Monsoon period 15m bgl Dry month 20m bgl

5.4 Proposed Rate of Production

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M/s J. K. Minerals, Balaghat Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

It will be about 50000 tonnes per year of saleable Manganese ore for full year after complete development of the Mining. 5.5 Loading Loading of Manganese ore will be done by manually to the trolley/trucks and will be sending to the end users. The overburden will be removed and stacked in a place in the surface. Subsequently it will be mechanically loaded to the tipper for onward dumping to the predetermined space in the lease boundary. 5.6 Hauling/Transport The haulage of mineral from working face to trucks or stacking site in quarry bottom will be done manually. The haulage of O.B. will be done with tractor trolley or 10 tonnes tippers. This will be done as and when required. 5.7 Mine Drainage The water table of the area is 8m to 10m below the ground level. There is no water course in the lease area. In the southwestern part of the lease area there is one hand pump up to 50m where the perennial water is available therefore with reference information the water table of the area is below the 8m. Ground water is not extracted on surface for industrial uses. Underground workings have encountered ground water. There is seepage of water from surface/overlying strata, cracks and fissures in to underground workings. Make of ground water including seepage in underground is nearly 300LPM in normal season while in increases 1200LPM in monsoon and thereafter. It has been discharged with suitable capacities of electric pumps are installed at main sump at the bottom of each main incline. Suitable capacities of sump, suitable size of de-watering pipes are laid for de-watering to surface. The pumped out water will be used for agricultural purpose for the surrounding agricultural land. The discharge water will first pass through the settling tanks where suspended particles will settled

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M/s J. K. Minerals, Balaghat Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

before its discharge for agricultural use, as surrounding area is agricultural land. 5.9 Solid Waste Management In proposed underground mining operations, the mine waste consists of pegmatite veins in ore body, clay pockets and silicious Manganese ore and Gondite and mineralized rejects, fines etc. The generations of waste from development and also from production as mineralized rejects. The lessee has decided to develop the underground opening in the ore body itself following the ore body in dip and strike direction. As such no waste is expected to be generated. Out of total rejects about 40-50% of ROM, mineralized rejects will be about 20-30% of ROM which will be stored separately in the ore storage yard situated Katangjhari depot about 4km away from the mines as the entire production is transported to the depot for breaking, sizing, sorting, zigging and delivery. All other rejects and waste will be dumped on existing dumps in the area. Maximum Height & Spread of Dump: As mentioned earlier the area was worked for Manganese ore. The height of waste dumps would be 5m. For block-1, during the first five years period of working about 600m3 areas would be required to accommodate about 17662cum of waste material with swell factor of 1.25. For block-2, during the first five year of proposed development of the mine it is estimated that about 6220cum waste material will be produced. This will be filled in K zone – Pit no.1 to provide proper safety for structures, inclines etc 5.10 Resource Requirement The present proposal is of ongoing mining activity at mining lease area of 33.0ha at village G. F. Sonewani tehsil- Waraseoni & Dist. Balaghat, MP. For efficient operation of the Mines all necessary utilities will be made available, a brief description of the same is given below.

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M/s J. K. Minerals, Balaghat Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

a) Storage facility It is proposed to provide adequate storage facilities for the excavated mineral, explosives and waste dumps, which is generated/used during mining process. Proposed excavated minerals and waste dumps will be kept in the mining lease area. b) Land requirement

District/State Taluka Village Khasara No Area Ownership /land use Balaghat (MP) Waraseo G. F. 823, 820, 821 B 33.0ha Forest land ni Sonewani

c) Project Cost Details of expenditure of the project Project Estimated Cost in Rupees Mining of Manganese 2.0 caror

d) Electric system M.P. State Electricity Board is making the power requirement for the project. e) Water Supply The total fresh water needs to be pumped is about 7KL per day for consumption of domestic and mining purpose. This quantity of water will be taken from hand pump located in the south-western part of the lease area. The details of water balance of existing /proposed mining project are given below WATER BALANCE OF MINING PROJECT Process Total a) Mine Site Dust suppression 4kl 4kl Green Belt 1kl 1kl

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M/s J. K. Minerals, Balaghat Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

b) Domestic Drinking & Washing 2kl 2kl Total (A + B) 7kl 7kl Domestic waste water 0.7kl 0.7kl

6. EXISTING ENVIRONMENT SCENARIO 6.1 Climate The climatic condition of this area is semi arid. The maximum temperature goes upto 47.5 oC during summer in the month of May and the minimum temperature goes down to 9.0 oC during winter in the month of January. The average annual rainfall is observed to be 1350 mm. The winds in the area are light to moderate during summer and winter. However, the speed of the wind increases during the end of the summer season and monsoon season. The brief discussion over the meteorological condition of the area is as below: • Temperature: The winter season starts from December and continues till the end of February. January is the coolest month with the mean daily maximum temperature at 29 oC and the mean daily minimum temperature at 10 oC. Both the night and day temperatures increase rapidly during the onset of the pre-monsoon season from March to May. During pre-monsoon season, the mean maximum temperature (May) was observed to be 47.5 oC with the mean minimum temperature (March) at 20 oC. The mean maximum temperature in the monsoon season (Sep.) observed to be 37 oC whereas the mean minimum temperature was observed to be 19 oC. By the end of September with the onset of post-monsoon, the day temperatures increase slightly, with the mean maximum temperature at 34 oC and the mean minimum temperature at 17.3 oC. • Relative Humidity: The air is generally humid in this region during the monsoon when the average relative humidity at 0830 hr. was

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M/s J. K. Minerals, Balaghat Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

observed to be with a maximum of 96% and a minimum of 65%. Similarly, at 1730 hr., the average value was observed to be with a maximum of 98% and a minimum of 64%. Generally, the weather during Post monsoon seasons was observed to be with a maximum of 83% and a minimum of 48%. • Rainfall: Monsoon in the area comes from southwesterly winds. The average annual rainfall based on the last 10-year IMD data, was observed to be 1600-1800 mm. The monsoon sets in the month of June and continues till mid observed in the evenings, with clear mornings. During the monsoon season, both in the mornings and evenings, the skies were found to be clouded. • Cloud: 30 years average data reveal that maximum cloud cover was observed around 7.1 oktas in the month of July, august. Whereas cloud cover was observed around 2 (in oktas) in the month of November, December, January, February and March. The details of Temperature, Relative Humidity, Rainfall and Cloud cover and wind speed /direction during study period are shown in the Table no. 3.2 • Wind Pattern: Generally light to moderate winds prevails throughout the year. Winds were light and moderate particularly during the morning hours. While during the afternoon hours the winds were stronger. A review of the wind rose diagram shows that predominant winds are mostly from NNE, N, E, NW and NNW directions. • Wind Patterns during study period: The predominant directions of wind were observed from W, SW, WSW, WNW and NW. 6.2 AIR QUALITY To establish the ambient air quality, sampling and testing were conducted. Air sampling stations were established at Six (6) locations around the proposed mining area to assess the background air pollution levels.

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M/s J. K. Minerals, Balaghat Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations Sr. Location Name of Distance (km.) Direction No. code Station 1. A-01 Block-1 - - 2. A-02 Block-2 - - 3. A-03 Penditola 1.25 SW 4. A-04 Netra 6.0 EES 5. A-05 Katnagjhari 4.0 SE 6. A-06 Kautritola 6.0 E

OF AIR SAMPLING RESULTS WITH CPCB NORMS A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 CPCB Norms Indl. & Mixed Residential & used area Rural Area 15 th March,10 to 14 th Jun, 2010 SPM Concentration Average 113.54 113.96 114.17 113.33 130.83 117.00 Maximum 132 127 132 129 181 132 500 200 Minimum 98 103 100 92 81 102 RPM Concentration Average 37.47 37.61 37.68 37.40 43.18 38.61 Maximum 44 42 44 43 60 44 100 100 Minimum 32 34 33 30 27 34 SO2 Concentration Average 7.91 8.75 6.96 6.96 8.02 8.76 Maximum 8.90 9.6 8.2 8.2 10.2 10.25 80 80 Minimum 7.0 7.2 5.65 5.65 6.2 7.42 NOX Concentration Average 9.9 10.46 9.39 9.39 11.51 10.84 Maximum 10.65 11.6 10.92 10.92 15.3 12.5 80 80 Minimum 9.05 9.6 8.07 8.07 8.50 9.1

6.3 NOISE LEVEL Ambient noise levels were measured at different locations (same as ambient air monitoring locations for two days on hourly basis) to establish present scenario which shall be described as follows.  All the values are well within the norms prescribed by CPCB for industrial and commercial area.  Main source of noise are traffic movements. 6.4 WATER QUALITY Surface Water

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M/s J. K. Minerals, Balaghat Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

The Surface water bodies in the study area mainly Katngajhari Canal- 2.5km-SSE, Chapa Tank-2.25-SW, Katangjhari Tank-1.25km-SE, Kas Nalla-1.5km-W, Dhokriya Nalla- 4.5km-W, Chandan River-9.5-SE, Tondiya Nalla-8.0km-E, Sarathi Nadi-N-8.0km & Sarathi Tank-NE- 8.5km respectably from mine. The water from Chandan River, Katangjhari tank, chapa tank, sarathi nadi and sarathi tank is used for domestic as well as drinking purpose. In addition, most of the water bodies are dry during the summer months excluding those water bodies (worked out quarries), which are situated in the study area. These water bodies are filled with rainwater and seepage/discharge water from abandoned mine works. The data conform to the water quality standards for most of the parameters. The dissolved oxygen levels range between 6.1 to 6.4mg/l, Total Hardness ranges from 102 to 112 mg/l; BOD levels are ND. The heavy metal content has been observed within the limit. The analysis of the sample indicates that the organic pollution of River is insignificant. The physico-chemical and biological analysis revealed that all the parameters are well within the prescribed limits of IS: 2296. Ground Water The study region receives about 1600 mm of rainfall and which plays an important role in recharging of ground water. High lands ensure quick surface runoff and the precipitation received in low–lying area contribute to a great extent in building of ground water reserve of the area. Water supply in the most of the villages depends on ground water resources. Well water is used for domestic as well as irrigation purposes. Ground Water quality analysis was carried out at 4 locations and the frequency of sampling was once /month/station. Ground water samples were examined for physico-chemical, heavy metals and

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M/s J. K. Minerals, Balaghat Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

bacteriological parameters in order to assess the effect of industrial and other activities on ground water. The samples were collected and analysed as per the procedures specified in “standard Methods for the examination of water & Wastewater” published by American Public Health association (APHA). pH in ground water sample was observed to be in the range 7.43 to 7.66 while conductivity was observed in the range of 340-463 µmohos/cm. The value of alkalinity and hardness were observed in the range of 120-160mg/l and 108 to 124 mg/l respectively . Whereas heavy metal was found to be within the limit. 6.5 SOIL QUALITY Five locations within 10 km radius of the project site were selected for soil sampling. At each location, soil samples were collected from three different depths viz. 30 cm, 60 cm and 90 cm below the surface and homogenized. The homogenized samples were analyzed for physical and chemical characteristics. For general characterisation of soil a few random samples from the study area to the depth of about 15 cm were collected. Soil samples so collected were brought to the laboratory for analysis. It has been observed that the texture of the soil was observed to be sandy and clay. The organic carbon was found to be in the range of 1.16% to 1.32% .The nitrogen and phosphorus were observed to be in the ranges of 572 to 605 kg/ha and 24 to 28.65 kg/ha respectively the pH range at the soil vary in between 5.89 to 6.12. The soil has high percentage of iron, zinc and chloride. 6.6 Biological Environment LIST OF FLORA & FAUNA OF THE STUDY AREA NATURALLY OCCURRING SPECIES Kohu ( Terminalia arjuna ) Karanji ( Pongamia pinnata ) Sisham ( Dalbergia sissoo ) Babul ( Acacia arabica ) Neem ( Azadirachta indica ) Kachnar ( Bauhinia variegata ) Akasneem ( Millingtonia Bargad ( Ficus bengalensis ) hertonsia )

Ex. Summary 18 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal

M/s J. K. Minerals, Balaghat Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

Gular ( Ficus glomerata ) Jamun ( Sysisium cumini ) Aam ( Mangifera indica ) Palas ( Butea monosperma ) Mahua ( Madhuca latifolia ) Ber ( Zizyphus mauritiana ) Bel ( Aegle mermelos ) Saj ( Terminalia tomentosa ) Kanker ( Flacorita indica ) Tendu ( Diospyros melanoxylon ) Reunjha ( Acacia leucophloea ) CULTIVATED TREES GROWING IN THE VILLAGES Bargad ( Ficus bengalensis ) Gular ( Ficus glomerata ) Pipal ( Ficus religiosa ) Imli ( Tamarindus indica ) Aam ( Mangifera indica ) Jamun ( Syzigium cumini ) Munga ( Moringa olderfera ) Ber ( Zizyphus mauritiana ) Bel ( Aegle marmelos ) Lasora ( Cordia dichotoma ) Neem ( Azadirachta indica ) Mahua ( Madhuca latifolia ) Sitaphal ( Anona squamosa ) LIST OF FAUNA OF THE STUDY AREA Bengal Monkey ( Macasus Jungle cat ( Felischaus ) rhesus ) Mongoose ( Herpests Sambhar ( Crevus unicolor ) mingo ) Kalmuha monkey Common hawcuckoo (Semnapthecus on lellccs ) (Cuculus micropterces ) House sparrow ( Passer House crow ( carvus domesticus ) splendens ) Common maina ( Acrido tehras tristis )

6.7 LAND USE PATTERN Present landuse pattern of the 33.0 hectares mining lease area is as given below: Land Use Pattern of Mining Lease Area Items Existing At the end of lease period Total lease area 33.0ha Geological Reserve 1878391 Ultimate pit slope 45 45 Area under dumps 9.7183ha 9.7183ha Area under pits 7.813 7.813ha Area to be reclaimed Nil 2.0ha Infrastructure & Road 0.6970ha 0.6970ha Mineral storage 0.5ha Nil Plantation 14.2717 17.2717ha

Ex. Summary 19 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal

M/s J. K. Minerals, Balaghat Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

The study area covers about 21801 ha. For computation of the land use pattern in the study area based on the village-wise land-use data given in the census records, the geographical area of all settlements covered within the study area, though many villages in the peripheries of the circular study area are partially covered. Perfect delineation and quantification of land uses for the partially covered parts of villages of the study area is not possible, hence the entire village area is considered for the study, irrespective of its coverage within the village boundary. For computation of the land use pattern in the study area based on the village-wise land-use data given in the census records, the geographical area of all settlements covered within the study area, though many villages in the peripheries of the circular study area are partially covered. Perfect delineation and quantification of land uses for the partially covered parts of villages of the study area is not possible, hence the entire village area is considered for the study, irrespective of its coverage within the village boundary. The land use is classified into four types – viz. forests, area under cultivation, culturable waste and the area not available for cultivation. The land under cultivation is further sub-divided into two types viz. irrigated and un-irrigated.

Land-use Pattern in the Study Area S. N. Particulars Study Area Percentage (ha) Coverage 1. Forest Land 4395 20.15963 2. Land under Cultivation a) Irrigated Land 8791 40.32384 b) Un irrigated Land 3442 15.78827 3. Culturable Waste Land 2738 12.55906 4. Area not available for cultivation 2435 11.16921 Total Area 21801 100

Ex. Summary 20 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal

M/s J. K. Minerals, Balaghat Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

6.8 SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS The study area comprises of total 36 Villages. These villages fall under one tehsil – Katangi. The demographic details have been abstracted from Primary Census Abstract- 2001(CD) of Madhya Pradesh obtained from Office of Registrar General India, New Delhi. The salient features of the study area are as follows: o Total population of the villages in the study area is 54573 o The total no of household in the study area is 11322 o Sex ratio (no. of females per 1000 males) is 1042 o The literacy rate in the study area is 64.2% o The percentage of scheduled tribe in the study area is 17.17% while only 8.59% population is of scheduled caste o Out of total population maximum people are workers i.e. 55.66% Followed by main workers 67.76% and marginal workers 32.24% ESTIMATED BASIC STATISTICS OF THE STUDY AREA

1. Households 11322 2. Population 54573 Male 26720 Female 27853 3. Schedule Tribe 9317 4. Schedule Cast 4689 5. Literacy Rate 64.2% 6. Occupational Pattern: (A) Total Working Population 55.66% (1) Main workers 67.76% (% of total Working population ) i) Cultivators (% of main worker) 43.33% ii) Agricultural Labors (% of main worker) 44.87% iii) House hold Labors (% of main worker) 2.93% iv) Other Workers (% of main worker) 8.86% (2) Marginal Workers 32.24% (% of total Working population) (B) Total Non Working population 44.34

Ex. Summary 21 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal

M/s J. K. Minerals, Balaghat Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

7. IMPACT ASSESSMENT Mining activities is bound to have an adverse impact on existent environment. An understanding of the nature and extent of various impacts is essential in devising the methods and advance planning to mitigate the impacts and ultimately restore the land to useful conditions. 8. IMPACT EVALUATION An attempt has been made to evaluate the impact of project in terms of both quality and quantity by using modified matrix method for crucial environmental parameters. The environmental impact evaluation of possible effects as a result of proposed mining area is primarily based on study of objectives, process, surrounding environment etc. The aspects such as water, air, land and related issues have been assessed on the basis of mining operations for similar activity. The environmental impacts identify the possible relationship of proposed mining operations with respect to environmental parameters. Their relationship can be beneficial or adverse and can be further classified as short term, long term, reversible, irreversible, local or regional. 9. ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 9.1 Reclamation of Land Reclamation and rehabilitation is not proposed during proposed five year working only proposal of backfilling are given end of lease period after completion of proposed exploration and find out true depth of mineral, entire mine waste will be used for backfilling purposed. Systematic reclamation and afforestation of mined out areas will be carried out in lease area so as to cover the entire worked out area before expiry of mining lease. Since further exploration is proposed to completely delineate ore bearing areas within the leasehold, complete

Ex. Summary 22 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal

M/s J. K. Minerals, Balaghat Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

reclamation programme cannot be given at this juncture but waste will be spread in worked out areas to the maximum extent possible. 9.2 Green Belt Development Plantation will be done within the northeastern 7.5 m barrier zone of the lease area. Site for proposed plantation is chosen, so as to facilitate proper monitoring and after care of plants on regular basis. Programme of afforestation is decided keeping in view to improve environment. Plantation is proposed by considering that each plant will cover about 3x3 m area and survival rate is considered about 80%. Plants like Neem, Mango, Karanj, Subabool and other varieties will be put in consultation with local forest department. Sapling will be planted in 30-cm. deep hole covered with soil and manure. A Mali will take care of plants for their better survival conditions. Afforestation plan In initial stage the green belt will be developed in following manner.

ENVIRONMENT IMPACT & MANAGEMENT Ecology: Stage Wise Cumulative Plantation REQUIREMENTS OF PLANTS FOR AFFORESTATION/RECLAMATION Year Unworked area Outside Inside Top soil Total dumps Dumps dumps Area Trees Area Trees Area Trees Area Trees Area No. of (Ha) (Ha) (Ha) (Ha) (Ha) Trees Present 14.2717 14000 ------14.2717 14000 1st to 5 th - - - - 2.0 2500 - - 2.0 2500 6th to 9 th - - - - 1.0 1200 - - 1.0 1200 Reclaimed ------area Total 14.2717 14000 - - 3.0 3700 17.2717 17700

During the course of mine and after mining the proposed plantation is at the rate of 1500 saplings per hectare, for which the density is 1500 saplings per hectare. The total number of saplings to be planted during the entire life of mine shall be 500no. Considering the estimated cost of planting and maintaining a sapling for one year as

Ex. Summary 23 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal

M/s J. K. Minerals, Balaghat Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

about Rs.2500/-, the afforestation plan for the ML area is given in Table. The plantation will be done during rainy season July to September every year. The plantation will be done on dumps, around ultimate pit limits, in quarry and open area etc. Following precautions shall be taken for survival and protection of plantation: Plantation shall be done during rainy season; • Inter-cultural operations like weeding, soil turning basin making. • Watering to the plants with regular interval till well developed; • Organic and inorganic fertilizers shall be put for proper development of plants; • Spraying of insecticides, pesticides and growth regulators for disease free growth of plants; • Pruning and trimming of plants shall be done at regular interval; • Barbed wire fences shall be provided around plantation and any fences damaged by miscreants and cattle shall be repaired frequently to prevent the animal nuisance; and • Watchmen shall be employed to prevent the cutting of trees by outsiders and also control of public movement through planted area. Post plantation cares that will be followed are: • Fencing of plantation areas • Using of Cow dung manure and fertilizer like urea and NPK for batter growth of the sapling • Pesticides are regularly sprayed to protect the plants form different insects. • Regular watering of the plants

Ex. Summary 24 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal

M/s J. K. Minerals, Balaghat Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

• Local species are chosen which can grow easily on the available soil • Regular watch and ward 9.3 Measures to Improve Socio-Economic Conditions The impacts of the project would be felt in an integrated manner on the socio-economic environment in the study area. There is no village in core zone and further no displacement is required for the proposed project and therefore impact will be positive side rather negative. The impacts on the different components viz employment, housing, educational, and medical and transport facilities, fuel availability, economics, status, health agriculture is not significant because size of project is very small. However, it would definitely increase the employment opportunity (primary as well as secondary) in the project area. Some of these impacts would be beneficial. • The project will have a strong positive employment and income effect, both direct as well as indirect. • Migrant-Non migrant ratio shall shift towards migrant side. This will happen because of (i) better employment opportunities due to this project and (ii) relatively low agricultural yield through traditional agricultural practice with monocrops. • The project shall speed up the growing view on importance of education among people in study area. • The project is going to bring about changes in the pattern of demand from food to non-food items if sufficient income is generated. • The project is not going to influence the existing traditional agricultural situation significantly. It may help to improve agricultural production by way of providing additional income to the farms from supplementary sources.

Ex. Summary 25 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal

M/s J. K. Minerals, Balaghat Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

• People perceive that the project will bring handful gains by way of creating significant job opportunities along with development of social infrastructure. 9.4 Air Pollution Control Measures Following measures shall be taken to mitigate the effect of mining operation over ambient air environment: 1. Regular spraying of water by water sprinkling system over haulage roads. 2. To reduce dust generation during loading operation water shall be sprayed over the muck pile to the loaded; 3. To reduce dust generation during plying of dumpers on the haul road. Water sprinkling is done at frequent intervals. Water sprinklers shall be installed at the mine haulage road; 4. To reduce spread of dust, plantation along the mining lease boundary and plantation shall be also done along haul roads. 5. Periodic maintenance of haulage roads. 6. All over burden dumps shall be stabilized with legumes and grass to prevent the erosion of soil and arrest the dust emission during windy days. In addition to the above following additional mitigation measures shall be adopted and it is expected to continue in future also: 1. Dust mask shall be provided to all workers working in dusty atmosphere. 2. Tree Saplings shall be planted at the periphery of mining lease 3. Regular maintenance of vehicles and machinery’s shall be carried out in order to control emissions; 4. A good house keeping and proper maintenance shall be practiced which will help in controlling pollution.

Ex. Summary 26 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal

M/s J. K. Minerals, Balaghat Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

9.5 Noise Pollution Control Measures The main sources of noise in mining activity are drilling, blasting, loading equipment, etc. Following mitigation measures should be taken to control noise pollution: 1. Wherever the noise levels exceed 85 dBA, workers should be provided with earmuffs, ear plugs etc. 2. All moving parts of machine shall be properly lubricated; 3. Non-moving parts of machine shall be properly fastened; 4. A barrier of overburden at mine boundaries shall be made and three rows of trees are proposed to be planted to reduce propagation of noise; 5. Noise barriers, silencers and enclosures shall be incorporated for equipments, which emit high noise levels. 6. All the basic equipments and various machinery shall be kept well maintained. 7. Thick green belt around the mining pit and along the haulage roads. 8. As far as possible heavy and noisy workers shall be avoided during nighttime. 9.6 Water Pollution Control measures Following measures have been taken to avoid accumulation of water: 1. Pump having required capacity shall be installed to lift accumulated rain water from working pit. 2. There shall not be no over flow on wash off from dumps nor is there any beneficiation plant. Only rainwater is pumped out of the mine; 3. There is no toxic constituent in water and soil so water collected in sump is free from any toxic substances. 4. A silt-settling tank shall be constructed in northern barrier zone area to settle heavy particle before discharging water into drain.

Ex. Summary 27 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal

M/s J. K. Minerals, Balaghat Executive Summary REIA for 33.0ha G. F. Sonewani Manganese ore Mine

5. Quality of water accumulated in the working pit may be checked during monsoon. 6. It shall be ensured that silt content in the mines discharged is minimum. 7. It shall be ensured that quality of drinking water for the worker is hygienic and good sanitation system is available. 10.0 Conclusion The Manganese ore mining project of M/J. K. Minerals, Balaghat, village – G. F. Sonewani, Tehsil Waraseoni and Balaghat District (MP) will be environmental compatible to the surrounding due to the high standards of pollution control measures to be adopted during the operation activity. Thus it can be safely stated that the mining activities will not have any adverse effect on the surroundings, if the proper environmental management plan is adopted.

Ex. Summary 28 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal