Israel Trip Travel Itinerary
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TAU Archaeology the Jacob M
TAU Archaeology The Jacob M. Alkow Department of Archaeology and Ancient Near Eastern Cultures and The Sonia and Marco Nadler Institute of Archaeology The Lester and Sally Entin Faculty of Humanities | Tel Aviv University Number 4 | Summer 2018 Golden Jubilee Edition 1968–2018 TAU Archaeology Newsletter of The Jacob M. Alkow Department of Archaeology and Ancient Near Eastern Cultures and The Sonia and Marco Nadler Institute of Archaeology The Lester and Sally Entin Faculty of Humanities Number 4 | Summer 2018 Editor: Alexandra Wrathall Graphics: Noa Evron Board: Oded Lipschits Ran Barkai Ido Koch Nirit Kedem Contact the editors and editorial board: [email protected] Discover more: Institute: archaeology.tau.ac.il Department: archaeo.tau.ac.il Cover Image: Professor Yohanan Aharoni teaching Tel Aviv University students in the field, during the 1969 season of the Tel Beer-sheba Expedition. (Courtesy of the Sonia and Marco Nadler Institute of Archaeology, Tel Aviv University). Photo retouched by Sasha Flit and Yonatan Kedem. ISSN: 2521-0971 | EISSN: 252-098X Contents Message from the Chair of the Department and the Director of the Institute 2 Fieldwork 3 Tel Shimron, 2017 | Megan Sauter, Daniel M. Master, and Mario A.S. Martin 4 Excavation on the Western Slopes of the City of David (‘Giv’ati’), 2018 | Yuval Gadot and Yiftah Shalev 5 Exploring the Medieval Landscape of Khirbet Beit Mamzil, Jerusalem, 2018 | Omer Ze'evi, Yelena Elgart-Sharon, and Yuval Gadot 6 Central Timna Valley Excavations, 2018 | Erez Ben-Yosef and Benjamin -
Buy Cheap Levitra
Excavating a Battle: The Intersection of Textual Criticism, Archaeology, and Geography The Problem of Hill City Just as similarities or variant forms of personal names can create textual problems, the same .( ֶּ֖ג ַבע) and Geba (גִּבְע ָ֔ ה) is true of geographic names. A case in point is the confusion of Gibeah Both names mean “Hill City”, an appropriate name for a city in the hill country of Benjamin, where other cities are named Lookout (Mizpeh) and Height (Ramah). Adding to the mix is the The situation is clarified (or confused further) by the modifiers that .( ִּג ְב ֥עֹון) related name Gibeon are sometimes added to the names. The difficulty of keeping these cities distinct is increased by textual problems. Sometimes “Geba” may be used for “Gibeah,” and vice versa. To complicate matters further there are other Gibeah/Geba’s in Israel (Joshua 15:57—Gibeah in Judah, Joshua 24:33 —Gibeath in Ephraim). That Gibeah and Geba in Benjamin are two different places is demonstrated by Joshua 18:24, 28, which lists ( ִּג ְב ַַ֣עת and Gibeah (here in the form ( ֶּ֖ג ַבע) both Geba among the cities of Benjamin. Isaiah 10:29 also The Gibeah we are discussing here is near .( ִּג ְב ַ֥עת ש ֶּ֖אּול) distinguishes Geba from Gibeah of Saul the central ridge, near Ramah, north of Jerusalem. Geba is further east on the edge of the wilderness, near a descent to the Jordan Valley. It is across the valley from Michmash. Gibeah Gibeah is Saul’s capital near Ramah. It is a restoration of the Gibeah destroyed in Judges. -
Three Conquests of Canaan
ÅA Wars in the Middle East are almost an every day part of Eero Junkkaala:of Three Canaan Conquests our lives, and undeniably the history of war in this area is very long indeed. This study examines three such wars, all of which were directed against the Land of Canaan. Two campaigns were conducted by Egyptian Pharaohs and one by the Israelites. The question considered being Eero Junkkaala whether or not these wars really took place. This study gives one methodological viewpoint to answer this ques- tion. The author studies the archaeology of all the geo- Three Conquests of Canaan graphical sites mentioned in the lists of Thutmosis III and A Comparative Study of Two Egyptian Military Campaigns and Shishak and compares them with the cities mentioned in Joshua 10-12 in the Light of Recent Archaeological Evidence the Conquest stories in the Book of Joshua. Altogether 116 sites were studied, and the com- parison between the texts and the archaeological results offered a possibility of establishing whether the cities mentioned, in the sources in question, were inhabited, and, furthermore, might have been destroyed during the time of the Pharaohs and the biblical settlement pe- riod. Despite the nature of the two written sources being so very different it was possible to make a comparative study. This study gives a fresh view on the fierce discus- sion concerning the emergence of the Israelites. It also challenges both Egyptological and biblical studies to use the written texts and the archaeological material togeth- er so that they are not so separated from each other, as is often the case. -
The Crossing of the Jordan According to Josephus 1. Introduction
Acta Theologica 2006:2 THE CROSSING OF THE JORDAN ACCORDING TO JOSEPHUS C. Begg1 ABSTRACT This study offers a detailed examination of Josephus’ retelling (in Ant. 5.16-21) of the account of Israel’s crossing of the Jordan and its immediate sequels found in Joshua 3-5. The investigation uncovers (limited) indications of Josephus’ use of various text- forms of the biblical passage. It also calls attention to the range of rewriting techniques applied by Josephus to the source narrative (abbreviations, amplifications, rearrange- ments, and other modifications) which result in a version of events that is, e.g., much more compact than the biblical one, even while it nuances the portrayal of the story’s characters in a number of respects. 1. INTRODUCTION Joshua 3:1-5:15 tells, in much circumstantial and confusing detail, of the Israelites’ crossing the Jordan and the immediate sequels to their arrival in the Cisjordan.2 In this article I propose to investigate Josephus’ (much compressed) version of these events in his Antiquitates judaicae (here- after Ant.) 5.16-21.3 I undertake this essay with two overarching questions in mind: (1) Given the differences among the various ancient witnesses for Josh. 3:1-5:15, i.e. MT (BHS), the Qumran manuscript 4QJoshb,4 Codex Vaticanus (hereafter B) of the LXX,5 the Vetus Latina (hereafter VL),6 1 Prof. Christopher Begg, Professor of Old Testament, Catholic University of America, Washington; and Research Associate of the Department of Old Testament Studies, University of Pretoria. E-mail: [email protected]. 2 On the (textual, historical-critical, etc.) problems posed by Josh. -
Israel's Conquest of Canaan: Presidential Address at the Annual Meeting, Dec
Israel's Conquest of Canaan: Presidential Address at the Annual Meeting, Dec. 27, 1912 Author(s): Lewis Bayles Paton Reviewed work(s): Source: Journal of Biblical Literature, Vol. 32, No. 1 (Apr., 1913), pp. 1-53 Published by: The Society of Biblical Literature Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3259319 . Accessed: 09/04/2012 16:53 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. The Society of Biblical Literature is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Journal of Biblical Literature. http://www.jstor.org JOURNAL OF BIBLICAL LITERATURE Volume XXXII Part I 1913 Israel's Conquest of Canaan Presidential Address at the Annual Meeting, Dec. 27, 1912 LEWIS BAYLES PATON HARTFORD THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY problem of Old Testament history is more fundamental NO than that of the manner in which the conquest of Canaan was effected by the Hebrew tribes. If they came unitedly, there is a possibility that they were united in the desert and in Egypt. If their invasions were separated by wide intervals of time, there is no probability that they were united in their earlier history. Our estimate of the Patriarchal and the Mosaic traditions is thus conditioned upon the answer that we give to this question. -
Tel Dan ‒ Biblical Dan
Tel Dan ‒ Biblical Dan An Archaeological and Biblical Study of the City of Dan from the Iron Age II to the Hellenistic Period Merja Alanne Academic dissertation to be publicly discussed, by due permission of the Faculty of Theology, at the University of Helsinki in the Main Building, Auditorium XII on the 18th of March 2017, at 10 a.m. ISBN 978-951-51-3033-4 (paperback) ISBN 978-951-51-3034-1 (PDF) Unigrafia Helsinki 2017 “Tell el-Kadi” (Tel Dan) “Vettä, varjoja ja rehevää laidunta yllin kyllin ‒ mikä ihana levähdyspaikka! Täysin siemauksin olemme kaikki nauttineet kristallinkirkasta vettä lähteestä, joka on ’maailman suurimpia’, ja istumme teekannumme ympärillä mahtavan tammen juurella, jonne ei mikään auringon säde pääse kuumuutta tuomaan, sillä aikaa kuin hevosemme käyvät joen rannalla lihavaa ruohoa ahmimassa. Vaivumme niihin muistoihin, jotka kiertyvät levähdyspaikkamme ympäri.” ”Kävimme kumpua tarkastamassa ja huomasimme sen olevan mitä otollisimman kaivauksille. Se on soikeanmuotoinen, noin kilometrin pituinen ja 20 m korkuinen; peltona oleva pinta on hiukkasen kovera. … Tulimme ajatelleeksi sitä mahdollisuutta, että reunoja on kohottamassa maahan peittyneet kiinteät muinaisjäännökset, ehkä muinaiskaupungin muurit. Ei voi olla mitään epäilystä siitä, että kumpu kätkee poveensa muistomerkkejä vuosituhansia kestäneen historiansa varrelta.” ”Olimme kaikki yksimieliset siitä, että kiitollisempaa kaivauspaikkaa ei voine Palestiinassakaan toivoa. Rohkenin esittää sen ajatuksen, että tämä Pyhän maan pohjoisimmassa kolkassa oleva rauniokumpu -
Lachish Fortifications and State Formation in the Biblical Kingdom
Radiocarbon, Vol 00, Nr 00, 2019, p 1–18 DOI:10.1017/RDC.2019.5 © 2019 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona LACHISH FORTIFICATIONS AND STATE FORMATION IN THE BIBLICAL KINGDOM OF JUDAH IN LIGHT OF RADIOMETRIC DATINGS Yosef Garfinkel1* • Michael G Hasel2 • Martin G Klingbeil2 • Hoo-Goo Kang3 • Gwanghyun Choi1 • Sang-Yeup Chang1 • Soonhwa Hong4 • Saar Ganor5 • Igor Kreimerman1 • Christopher Bronk Ramsey6 1Institute of Archaeology, the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel 2Institute of Archaeology, Southern Adventist University, USA 3Seoul Jangsin University, Korea 4Institute of Bible Geography of Korea, Korea 5Israel Antiquities Authority, Israel 6Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, University of Oxford, UK ABSTRACT. When and where the process of state formation took place in the biblical kingdom of Judah is heavily debated. Our regional project in the southwestern part of Judah, carried out from 2007 to the present, includes the excavation of three Iron Age sites: Khirbet Qeiyafa, Tel Lachish, and Khirbet al-Ra’i. New cultural horizons and new fortification systems have been uncovered, and these discoveries have been dated by 59 radiometric determinations. The controversial question of when the kingdom was able to build a fortified city at Lachish, its foremost center after Jerusalem, is now resolved thanks to the excavation of a previously unknown city wall, dated by radiocarbon (14C) to the second half of the 10th century BCE. KEYWORDS: Iron Age, Kingdom of Judah, Khirbet al-Ra’i, Khirbet Qeiyafa, Lachish, radiometric chronology. INTRODUCTION The debate over the chronology of the Iron Age is one of the central controversies in the current scholarship of the archaeology of the southern Levant as well as biblical studies. -
Chronology of Wilderness Wanderings
mark h lane www.biblenumbersforlife.com CHRONOLOGY OF WILDERNESS WANDERINGS INTRODUCTION It matters where things happened in the Bible. It matters when things happened in the Bible. The Bible tells us only a few dates. Only a handful of locations are undisputed. One thing we know for absolute sure is Mt. Sinai is in Arabia (Gal. 1:17 4:25). The traditional location of Mt. Sinai is wrong. In the time of Paul Arabia did not extend past the Gulf of Aqaba. Believe the Bible, it is the word of God. SUMMARY We subscribe to the conclusions of Bible.ca who propose the following map of the wilderness journey: There are three wilderness journeys: the first [Red Arrows] is from Goshen in Egypt to Mount Sinai (first white spot); the second [Blue Arrows] is from Mount Sinai to Kadesh Barnea (second white spot); the third [Yellow arrows] is from Kadesh Barnea to Jericho (third spot). Bible.ca provides more detailed maps. However, we like this high level view because the precise location of Mt. Sinai and Kadesh Barnea cannot be proven. The main point for the Bible student to realise is all of what is called the Sinai Peninsula today was part of Egypt until 106 AD when the Romans annexed it. The whole purpose of the Exodus was to draw God’s people out of Egypt. If Mt. Sinai was in Egypt the whole mission would have Bible.ca provides solid arguments why the traditional Red Sea routes been a failure. cannot fit the Biblical account. The route they propose fits Paul tells us Mt. -
Footsteps in Prayer
Footsteps in Prayer A journey through the Bible JOSHUA • Find a place where you can look out of the window. • Notice all you can see outside. • Take in the sounds and smells. • Be aware of God’s loving eyes watching over you and with you. • Ask for the grace to be strong and very courageous in the Lord. • You may like to listen to James Block or Norwich Cathedral Choir sing Psalm 3. • You might instead like to listen to The Corner Room sing Psalm 1 or to Morricone’s Lady Calif. Photograph Sister Maureen CSF with permission You might like to listen to: Day 1: Vineyard Worship Faithful One so Unchanging then click here. Day 2: Acapelridge sing The Battle Belongs to the Lord then click here. Day 3: Chris Tomlin sing Come Thy Fount of Every Blessing then click here. Day 4: Tavener’s Prayer to the Holy Trinity then click here. Day 5: Selah sing Before the throne of God above then click here. Day 6: The King’s Daughters sing No Longer Slaves then click here. Day 7: Today I choose to live my life for you then click here. Day 1: Joshua 1 As I was with Moses, so I will be with you; I will never leave you nor forsake you. Be strong and courageous, because you will lead these people to inherit the land I swore to their ancestors to give them. “Be strong and very courageous. Be careful to obey all the law my servant Moses gave you; do not turn from it to the right or to the left, that you may be successful wherever you go. -
Speed Bump at Gilgal the Joshua 5 Speed Bump Joshua 4:19-22 Esv
Speed Bump at Gilgal The Joshua 5 speed bump Joshua 4:19-22 esv The people came up out of the Jordan on the tenth day of the first month, and they encamped at Gilgal on the east border of Jericho. And those twelve stones, which they took out of the Jordan, Joshua set up at Gilgal. And he said to the people of Israel, “When your children ask their fathers in times to come, ‘What do these stones mean?’ then you shall let your children know, ‘Israel passed over this Jordan on dry ground.’ Joshua 4:23-24 esv “For the LORD your God dried up the waters of the Jordan for you until you passed over, as the LORD your God did to the Red Sea, which he dried up for us until we passed over, so that all the peoples of the earth may know that the hand of the LORD is mighty, that you may fear the LORD your God forever.” Joshua 5:1 esv As soon as all the kings of the Amorites who were beyond the Jordan to the west, and all the kings of the Canaanites who were by the sea, heard that the LORD had dried up the waters of the Jordan for the people of Israel until they had crossed over, their hearts melted and there was no longer any spirit in them because of the people of Israel. Possessing the Promise Are they ready? Possessing the Promise Are they ready? • Spied out Jericho • Miraculously crossed Jordan • Erected a 12 stone memorial • Inhabitants of the land are scared Possessing the Promise Are they ready? • Spied out Jericho • Miraculously crossed Jordan • Erected a 12 stone memorial • Inhabitants of the land are scared Is this the Israelites’ D-Day? Speed Bump or Prelude to Victory? Between Jordan and Jericho three important events intervene to remind the Israelites of what they must not forget if they are to successfully take possession of what God has given them. -
Joshua's Total Solar Eclipse at Gibeon
IN ORIGINAL FORM PUBLISHED IN: arXiv:****.***** [physics.hist-ph] Habilitation at the University of Heidelberg Date: 18th February 2021 Joshua’s Total Solar Eclipse at Gibeon Emil Khalisi D–69126 Heidelberg, Germany e-mail: ekhalisi[at]khalisi[dot]com Abstract. We reanalyse the solar eclipse linked to the Biblical passage about the military leader Joshua who ordered the sun to halt in the midst of the day (Joshua 10:12). Although there is agreement that the basic story is rooted in a real event, the date is subject to different opinions. We review the historical emergence of the text and confirm that the total eclipse of the sun of 30 September 1131 BCE is the most likely candidate. The Besselian Elements for this eclipse are re-computed. The error for the deceleration parameter of Earth’s rotation, ∆T, is improved by a factor of 2. Keywords: Solar eclipse, Earth’s rotation, Gibeon, Palestine, Book of Joshua. 1 Introduction 2 Historical Evidence for the Early Jews Eclipses provide magnificent natural spectacles, but only The whole Book of Joshua comprises 24 chapters, and it ap- the type of a total solar eclipse produces darkness as deep pears as a work of many anonymous authors, but attributed as in the night, almost instantly, with stars appearing. Other to Joshua himself. Almost all scholars agree that the first 11 types of eclipses (annular or partial) may be great events, chapters were written in late 7th century BCE. They were but they would not compete with those total ones that leave not completed until after the capture by the Neo-Babylonian behind a breathtaking once-in-a-lifetime experience to the Empire in 586 BCE, and incorporated into the Bible in a re- observer. -
Today's Bible Story Is About Crossing the Jordan River and Conquering Jericho
The Story (7.5): The Battle Begins 08/29/2021 Joshua 6:2-5 Rev. Dr. Sunny Ahn Today's Bible story is about crossing the Jordan River and conquering Jericho. After 40 years of the honeymoon in the wilderness, God and God's people are about to move into their new home in the Promised Land—Canaan. This moving is not gonna be an easy one for God's people as they face a wall of the Jordan River, a land of warriors, and powerful cities on the way. So, God prepares them, starting with their new leader and God's new partner, Joshua, by strengthening his heart, mind, and soul with a commend, "Be strong and very courageous." Now, it is the time for Joshua and God's people to put their faith in action for crossing the Jordan River and conquering Jericho. Crossing the Jordan River was one of the key events in Israel's history. Just as God brought God's people out of the land of bondage by dividing the Red Sea, so God brings them into the Promised Land by dividing the Jordan River. No armies were chasing Israel this time as in Egypt. They could have built boats and taken their time to cross the Jordan River, but God led them by dividing the Jordan River for three reasons: First, to put His confirmation on Joshua as Moses' authorized successor. He says in Joshua 3:7, "This day I will begin to exalt you in the sight of all Israel, that they may know that, as I was with Moses, so I will be with you." Second, God aimed to strengthen the people's faith that He is with them and will give them victory in the battles ahead (Joshua 3:10).