DOCSLIB.ORG

Bacteria Fungi Detritus Lily Pads Algae Cattails

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Bacteria Fungi Detritus Lily Pads Algae Cattails Bacteria Fungi Trophic Level: 5 (Decomposer) Trophic Level: 5 (Decomposer) Hello this is slide 1 2 What you eat: dead or decaying matter What you eat: dead or decaying matter Detritus Lily pads Trophic Level: 1 Trophic Level: 1 3 4 What are you: dead plant & animal matter What YOU eat: sunshine (photosynthesis) What eats YOU: aquatic insects, shrimp, What eats YOU: aquatic insects, snail, earthworms, snail, tadpoles, freshwater crayfish mussel, crayfish Algae Cattails Trophic Level: 1 Trophic Level: 1 What YOU eat: sunshine5 (photosynthesis) What YOU eat: sunshine6 (photosynthesis) What eats YOU: aquatic insects, shrimp, What eats YOU: aquatic insects, snail, earthworms, minnow, snail, tadpoles, raccoon freshwater mussel, sculpin, bluegill slide 1 2 3 4 5 6 Duckweed Native Grasses Trophic Level: 1 Trophic Level: 1 What YOUHellothis eat: sunshine is slide(photosynthesis) 1 What YOU eat: sunshine2 (photosynthesis) What eats YOU: aquatic insects, snail, What eats YOU: aquatic insects, snail, turtle earthworms, coyote, bear Wapato Phytoplankton Trophic Level: 1 Trophic Level: 1 What YOU eat: sunshine3 (photosynthesis) What YOU eat: sunshine4 (photosynthesis) What eats YOU: aquatic insects, snail, What eats YOU: shrimp, zooplankton, crayfish, humans minnow, snail, freshwater mussels Aquatic Insects Earthworms Trophic Level: 2 Trophic Level: 2 What YOU eat: algae, detritus, lily pad, What YOU eat: algae, 5detritus, bacteria, fungi, cattail, duckweed, native6 grasses, Wapato, native grasses zooplankton What eats YOU: crayfish, frog, turtle, sculpin, What eats YOU: crayfish, frog, turtle, sculpin, bluegill, garter snake, dippers, cutthroat trout, bluegill, dippers, cutthroat trout, largemouth largemouth bass, merganser, bear, raccoon bass, merganser, mink, otter, great blue heron, minnow Hellothis is slide 1 2 3 4 5 6 Freshwater Shrimp Minnow Trophic Level: 2 Trophic Level: 2 What YOUHellothis eat: algae, isdetritus, slide 1 What YOU eat: algae,2 phytoplankton, phytoplankton, zooplankton aquatic insects, snail What eats YOU: crayfish, sculpin, What eats YOU: crayfish, frog, turtle, bluegill, cutthroat trout, largemouth sculpin, garter snake, dippers, cutthroat bass, merganser, great blue heron trout, largemouth bass, mink, river otter, raccoon, great blue heron Freshwater Snail Tadpoles Trophic Level: 2 Trophic Level: 2 What YOU eat: algae, detritus, 3 What YOU eat: algae,4 detritus phytoplankton, lily pads, duckweed, cattail, native grasses, Wapato What eats YOU: crayfish, frog, turtle, What eats YOU: crayfish, frog, turtle, bluegill, dippers, garter snake, largemouth bass, cutthroat trout, largemouth bass, minnow merganser, great blue heron, raccoon Zooplankton Freshwater Mussels Trophic Level: 2 Trophic Level: 2 What YOU eat: Phytoplankton5 What YOU eat: algae,6 detritus, Phytoplankton, zooplankton What eats YOU: crayfish, sculpin, bluegill, aquatic insects, cutthroat trout, shrimp, What eats YOU: turtles, merganser freshwater mussels mink, river otter, raccoon, humans Hello this is slide 1 2 3 4 5 6 Columbia River Signal Crayfish Red-legged Frog Trophic Level: 3 Trophic Level: 3 What YOU eat: aquatic insects, minnow, What YOU eat: aquatic insects, minnow, shrimp, earthworms,Hello this tadpoles is slide snails, 1 snail, earthworms, tadpoles2 zooplankton, detritus, lily pads What eats YOU: garter snake, cutthroat What eats YOU: turtle, crayfish, merganser, trout, merganser, largemouth bass, river cutthroat trout, bass, great blue heron, bald otter, mink, bear, great blue heron, raccoon, eagle, mink, river otter, bear, raccoon, humans coyote, bald eagle, humans Western Pond Turtle Mottled Sculpin Trophic Level: 3 Trophic Level: 3 What YOU eat: aquatic3 insects, snail, What YOU eat: aquatic4 insects, freshwater mussels, minnow, earthworms, earthworms, shrimp, minnow, zooplankton, duckweed, tadpoles algae, crayfish, other sculpin What eats YOU: largemouth bass, river What eats YOU: cutthroat trout, mink otter, bald eagle, great blue heron, raccoon largemouth bass, merganser, river otter, great blue heron, bald eagle, raccoon American Dipper Bluegill Trophic Level: 3 Trophic Level: 3 What YOU eat: aquatic5 insects, What YOU eat: aquatic6 insects, snail, earthworms, small minnow, tadpoles earthworms, shrimp, zooplankton, algae What eats YOU: mink, river otter, bald What eats YOU: merganser, largemouth eagle, raccoon, coyote bass, mink, river otter, bear, great blue heron, bald eagle, raccoon, humans Hellothis is slide 1 2 3 4 5 6 Common Garter Snake Cutthroat Trout Trophic Level: 3 Trophic level: 4 What YOUHellothis eat: minnow, is slideearthworms, 1 What YOU eat: crayfish,2 frog, sculpin, tadpoles, frogs aquatic insects, zooplankton, minnow, snail, shrimp, earthworms What eats YOU: mink, river otter, great blue heron, bald eagle, raccoon, coyote What eats YOU: bacteria, fungi, humans, river otter, mink, bear, great blue heron, bald eagle, raccoon Largemouth Bass Common Merganser Trophic Level: 4 Trophic Level: 4 What YOU eat: crayfish,3 frog, turtle, sculpin, What YOU eat: crayfish,4 frog, sculpin, bluegill, garter snake, snail, shrimp, minnow, bluegill, shrimp, earthworms, tadpoles, tadpoles, earthworms, aquatic insects freshwater mussels, aquatic insects What eats YOU: bacteria, fungi, humans, river What eats YOU: bacteria, fungi, mink, otter, mink, great blue heron, bald eagle bald eagle, humans Bald Eagle River Otter Trophic Level: 4 Trophic Level: 4 What YOU eat: crayfish,5 frog, turtle, dippers, What YOU eat: crayfish,6 frog, turtle, sculpin, bluegill, garter snake, sculpin, cutthroat trout, dippers, bluegill, garter snake, freshwater largemouth bass, raccoon, merganser, great mussels, minnow, aquatic insects, cutthroat blue heron, river otter trout, largemouth bass What eats YOU: bacteria, fungi, raccoon (eat What eats YOU: bacteria, fungi, bald eagle, eggs), coyote (eat flightless young) coyote Hellothis is slide 1 2 3 4 5 6 American Mink Coyote Trophic Level: 4 Trophic Level: 4 What YOU eat: crayfish, dippers, frogs, What YOU eat: frogs,2 dippers, garter snake, sculpin, bluegill, garter snake, freshwater bald eagle young, river otter, mink, great mussels, aquatic insects, minnow, blue heron, native grasses merganser, cutthroat trout, bass What eats YOU: bacteria, fungi What eats YOU: Bacteria, fungi, coyote is slide 1 Black Bear Great Blue Heron Trophic Level: 4 Trophic Level: 4 What YOU eat: crayfish,3 frog, bluegill, What YOU eat: crayfish,4 frog, turtle, sculpin, bluegill, cutthroat trout, largemouth bass, earthworms, native grasses, cutthroat garter snake, minnow, shrimp, tadpoles, trout aquatic insects What eats YOU: bacteria, fungi, humans What eats YOU: bacteria, fungi, bald eagle, coyote Raccoon Humans Trophic Level: 4 Trophic Level: 4 What YOU eat: crayfish, frog, turtle, dippers, sculpin, bluegill, garter5 snake, freshwater What YOU eat: crayfish,6 frog, bluegill, mussels, minnow, earthworms, tadpoles, freshwater mussels, Wapato, cutthroat cattail, cutthroat trout, bald eagle eggs trout, largemouth bass, bear, raccoon What eats YOU: bacteria, fungi, bald eagle, What eats YOU: bacteria, fungi coyote, humans Hellothiis slide 1 2 3 4 5 6 .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Crawford Reservoir
    Crawford Reservoir FISH SURVEY AND MANAGEMENT INFORMATION Eric Gardunio, Fish Biologist Montrose Service Center General Information: Crawford Reservoir is a popular fishery that provides angling opportunity for yellow perch, channel catfish, northern pike, rainbow trout, black crappie, and largemouth bass. This reser- voir, located in Crawford State Park, covers 414 surface acres at full capacity and is open year round to an- gling. Visit the State Parks website for information on regulations, camping, and recreation: http://parks.state.co.us/Parks/Crawford Location: 2 miles south of the town of Crawford on Hwy 92. Primary Management: Warmwater Mixed Species Lake Category 602 Amenities Previous Stocking Sportfishing Notes 2019 Black Crappie Boat Ramps (2) Rainbow Trout (10”): 9,100 Good spots include the East Campgrounds (2) Largemouth Bass (2”): 30,088 shore primarily around the Showers Clear Fork boat ramp cove or Largemouth Bass (6”): 150 anywhere with brush Visitors Center Largemouth Bass (20”): 70 Good baits include small tube Restrooms Channel Catfish (7”): 1,500 jigs and worms Parking Areas 2018 Channel Catfish Picnic Shelters Rainbow Trout (10”): 12,184 Good spots include the north Largemouth Bass (2”): 30,000 side of peninsula cove and near the dam Channel Catfish (7”): 4,250 Good baits include night 2017 crawlers and cut-bait WARNING !!! Rainbow Trout (10”): 12,184 Largemouth Bass Prevent the Spread of Largemouth Bass (2”): 20,000 Good spots include the rocky Zebra Mussels and other Largemouth Bass (16”): 70 areas near the dam and flood- Aquatic Nuisance Species ed brush and vegetation in the Channel Catfish (9”): 2,000 spring and summer.
    [Show full text]
  • Status Review and Management Outline for Quality Bluegill and Black Crappie Populations in the Grand Rapids Area
    Status Review and Management Outline for Quality Bluegill and Black Crappie Populations in the Grand Rapids Area. Revised in 2013 By David L. Weitzel Assistant Area Fisheries Supervisor MN DNR, Grand Rapids Area Fisheries Table of Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 3 Bass Lake ....................................................................................................................................................... 5 Blackwater, Jay Gould, and Little Jay Gould lakes ...................................................................................... 10 Cut Foot and Little Cut Foot Sioux lakes ..................................................................................................... 18 Deer, Pickerel, and Battle lakes .................................................................................................................. 23 Dixon Lake ................................................................................................................................................... 31 Grave Lake ................................................................................................................................................... 37 Split Hand and Little Split Hand Lakes ........................................................................................................ 41 Sand Lake ...................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Literature Based Characterization of Resident Fish Entrainment-Turbine
    Draft Technical Memorandum Literature Based Characterization of Resident Fish Entrainment and Turbine-Induced Mortality Klamath Hydroelectric Project (FERC No. 2082) Prepared for PacifiCorp Prepared by CH2M HILL September 2003 Contents Introduction...................................................................................................................................1 Objectives ......................................................................................................................................1 Study Approach ............................................................................................................................2 Fish Entrainment ..............................................................................................................2 Turbine-induced Mortality .............................................................................................2 Characterization of Fish Entrainment ......................................................................................2 Magnitude of Annual Entrainment ...............................................................................9 Size Composition............................................................................................................10 Species Composition ......................................................................................................10 Seasonal and Diurnal Distribution...............................................................................15 Turbine Mortality.......................................................................................................................18
    [Show full text]
  • Largemouth Bass, Smallmouth Bass, and Spotted Bass Management and Fishing in Pennsylvania
    Largemouth Bass, Smallmouth Bass, and Spotted Bass Management and Fishing in Pennsylvania Prepared by R. Lorantas, D. Kristine and C. Hobbs PFBC Warmwater Unit 2005 (updated 2013; R. Lorantas) Goal: Maintain or enhance largemouth, smallmouth, and spotted bass sport fishing through harvest management of naturally sustained bass populations and through habitat preservation and enhancement. Judiciously stock largemouth and smallmouth bass in compatible new and reclaimed habitats. Largemouth bass and smallmouth bass occur throughout Pennsylvania and were originally indigenous to the Ohio River and Lake Erie Drainage. Spotted bass, Pennsylvania’s most rare black bass, occurs only in the Ohio River drainage. The Ohio drainage includes the Ohio River, Allegheny River and Monongahela River drainages. Largemouth bass typically predominate in reservoirs and lakes and occur at lower densities in slow moving rivers and streams within these drainages. Smallmouth bass are typically abundant in rivers, warmwater streams and medium to large size lakes and reservoirs in these drainages. Spotted bass are most abundant within a 20 mile radius of the confluence of the Ohio, Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers. In the Lake Erie drainage largemouth bass are largely confined to Presque Isle Bay, however smallmouth bass are abundant in Lake Erie as well as Presque Isle Bay. Smallmouth bass and largemouth bass stocking by the Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission and other agencies over a century ago into the Delaware, Susquehanna, and Potomac River Drainages lead to colonization of waters within these drainages, and both species are now self­sustaining in these drainages. Most natural warm­ water lakes and man­made reservoirs in Pennsylvania contain self– sustaining largemouth and smallmouth bass populations.
    [Show full text]
  • 15 Best Indiana Panfishing Lakes
    15 best Indiana panfishing lakes This information has been shared numerous places but somehow we’ve missed putting it on our own website. If you’ve been looking for a place to catch some dinner, our fisheries biologists have compiled a list of the 15 best panfishing lakes throughout Indiana. Enjoy! Northern Indiana Sylvan Lake Sylvan Lake is a 669-acre man made reservoir near Rome City. It is best known for its bluegill fishing with some reaching 9 inches. About one third of the adult bluegill population are 7 inches or larger. The best places to catch bluegill are the Cain Basin at the east end of the lake and along the 8 to 10 foot drop-offs in the western basin. Red-worms, flies, and crickets are the most effective baits. Skinner Lake Skinner Lake is a 125-acre natural lake near Albion. The lake is known for crappie fishing for both black and white crappies. Most crappies are in the 8 to 9 inch range, with some reaching 16 inches long. Don’t expect to catch lots of big crappies, but you can expect to catch plenty that are keeper-size. The best crappie fishing is in May over developing lily pads in the four corners of the lake. Live minnows and small white jigs are the most effective baits. J. C. Murphey Lake J. C. Murphey Lake is located on Willow Slough Fish and Wildlife Area in Newton County. Following this winter, there was minimal ice fishing (due to lack of ice) and the spring fishing should be phenomenal especially for bluegills.
    [Show full text]
  • Wildlife Species
    Wildlife Species This chapter contains information on species featured in each of the ecoregions. Species are grouped by Birds, Mammals, Reptiles, Amphibians, and Fish. Species are listed alphabetically within each group. A general description, habitat requirements, and possible wildlife management practices are provided for each species. Wildlife management practices for a particular species may vary among ecoregions, so not all of the wildlife management practices listed for a species may be applicable for that species in all ecoregions. Refer to the WMP charts within a particular ecoregion to determine which practices are appropriate for species included in that ecoregion. The species descriptions contain all the information needed about a particular species for the WHEP contest. However, additional reading should be encouraged for participants that want more detailed information. Field guides to North American wildlife and fish are good sources for information and pictures of the species listed. There also are many Web sites available for wildlife species identification by sight and sound. Information from this section will be used in the Wildlife Challenge at the National Invitational. Participants should be familiar with the information presented within the species accounts for those species included within the ecoregions used at the Invitational. It is important to understand that when assessing habitat for a particular wildlife species and considering various WMPs for recommendation, current conditions should be evaluated. That is, WMPs should be recommended based on the current habitat conditions within the year. Also, it is important to realize the benefit of a WMP may not be realized soon. For example, trees or shrubs planted for mast may not provide cover or bear fruit for several years.
    [Show full text]
  • 4-H-993-W, Wildlife Habitat Evaluation Food Flash Cards
    Purdue extension 4-H-993-W Wildlife Habitat Evaluation Food Flash Cards Authors: Natalie Carroll, Professor, Youth Development right, it goes in the “fast” pile. If it takes a little and Agricultural Education longer, put the card in the “medium” pile. And if Brian Miller, Director, Illinois–Indiana Sea Grant College the learner does not know, put the card in the “no” Program Photos by the authors, unless otherwise noted. pile. Concentrate follow-up study efforts on the “medium” and “no” piles. These flash cards can help youth learn about the foods that wildlife eat. This will help them assign THE CONTEST individual food items to the appropriate food When youth attend the WHEP Career Development categories and identify which wildlife species Event (CDE), actual food specimens—not eat those foods during the Foods Activity of the pictures—will be displayed on a table (see Wildlife Habitat Evaluation Program (WHEP) Figure 1). Participants need to identify which contest. While there may be some disagreement food category is represented by the specimen. about which wildlife eat foods from the category Participants will write this food category on the top represented by the picture, the authors feel that the of the score sheet (Scantron sheet, see Figure 2) and species listed give a good representation. then mark the appropriate boxes that represent the wildlife species which eat this category of food. The Use the following pages to make flash cards by same species are listed on the flash cards, making it cutting along the dotted lines, then fold the papers much easier for the students to learn this material.
    [Show full text]
  • 2021 Fish Suppliers
    2021 Fish Suppliers A.B. Jones Fish Hatchery Largemouth bass, hybrid bluegill, bluegill, black crappie, triploid grass carp, Nancy Jones gambusia – mosquito fish, channel catfish, bullfrog tadpoles, shiners 1057 Hwy 26 Williamsburg, KY 40769 (606) 549-2669 ATAC, LLC Pond Management Specialist Fathead minnows, golden shiner, goldfish, largemouth bass, smallmouth bass, Rick Rogers hybrid bluegill, bluegill, redear sunfish, walleye, channel catfish, rainbow trout, PO Box 1223 black crappie, triploid grass carp, common carp, hybrid striped bass, koi, Lebanon, OH 45036 shubunkin goldfish, bullfrog tadpoles, and paddlefish (513) 932-6529 Anglers Bait-n-Tackle LLC Fathead minnows, rosey red minnows, bluegill, hybrid bluegill, goldfish and Kaleb Rodebaugh golden shiners 747 North Arnold Ave Prestonsburg, KY 606-886-1335 Andry’s Fish Farm Bluegill, hybrid bluegill, largemouth bass, koi, channel catfish, white catfish, Lyle Andry redear sunfish, black crappie, tilapia – human consumption only, triploid grass 10923 E. Conservation Club Road carp, fathead minnows and golden shiners Birdseye, IN 47513 (812) 389-2448 Arkansas Pondstockers, Inc Channel catfish, bluegill, hybrid bluegill, redear sunfish, largemouth bass, Michael Denton black crappie, fathead minnows, and triploid grass carp PO Box 357 Harrisbug, AR 75432 (870) 578-9773 Aquatic Control, Inc. Largemouth bass, bluegill, channel catfish, triploid grass carp, fathead Clinton Charlton minnows, redear sunfish, golden shiner, rainbow trout, and hybrid striped bass 505 Assembly Drive, STE 108
    [Show full text]
  • Summer Panfish Survey Summary Turtle-Flambeau Flowage, Iron County, 2010
    Summer Panfish Survey Summary Turtle-Flambeau Flowage, Iron County, 2010 The Mercer DNR Fisheries Management Team conducted a fyke netting survey on the Turtle- Flambeau Flowage during June 29-30, 2010 as part of our baseline monitoring program. Nine nets were set overnight, for one night, resulting in 9 net-nights of effort. Primary target species were bluegill, black crappie, and pumpkinseed sunfish. An electrofishing survey conducted by the Mercer team in mid May documented the status of smallmouth bass (summarized in a separate survey summary) but provided a poor sample of panfish, which were not targeted specifically. We believe this netting survey provides better insight into the relative number and sizes of panfish in the Turtle-Flambeau Flowage. Quality, preferred, and memorable sizes referenced in this summary are based on standard proportions of world record lengths developed for each species by the American Fisheries Society. Black Crappie Black Crappie Summer Fyke Netting 14 12 10 8 6 4 Captured 4.2 per net-night ≥ 5” CapturedFish 2 Quality Size ≥ 8” 87% 0 Preferred Size ≥ 10” 66% 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Memorable Size ≥ 12” 13% Length (inches) Bluegill Bluegill Summer Fyke Netting 12 10 8 6 4 Captured 2.6 per net-night ≥ 3” CapturedFish 2 Quality Size ≥ 6” 87% 0 Preferred Size ≥ 8” 9% 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Length (inches) Pumpkinseed Pumpkinseed Summer Fyke Netting 5 4 3 2 Fish CapturedFish 1 Captured 1.1 per net-night ≥ 3” Quality Size ≥ 6” 60% 0 3 4 5 6 7 8 Preferred Size ≥ 8” 0% Length (inches) Summary of Results Panfish were captured at a low rate during this survey.
    [Show full text]
  • Invasive Species of the Pacific Northwest
    Invasive Species of the Pacific Northwest: Green Sunfish Lepomis cyanellus Derek Arterburn FISH 423: Olden 12.5.14 Figure 1: Adult Green sunfish Lepomis cyanellus . Photo from http://www.freshwater-fishing- news.com/fish-species-north -america/green-sunfish/ Classification Lepomis cyanellus may have a few teeth, Order: Perciformes which can be found on the tongue. Family: Centrarchidae Additional distinguishing marks are the 7-12 Genus: Lepomis parallel diffused dark bars running ventral to Species: cyanellus dorsal along the side of L. cyanellus, and the bluish-green pattern. The bluish-green Identification coloration takes place on the mainly black/dark brown/olive body, composed of Adult Green Sunfish, Lepomis ctenoid scales, which fades to a lighter cyanellus, commonly reach a total length of ventral color. The dark sides of L. cyanellus 31cm, with juveniles ranging from 12-15cm. are contrast with a yellow/cream ventral Adult Green Sunfish have been known to coloration (Cockerell 1913). The thick reach a maximum weight of one kilogram caudal peduncle is without an adipose fin, (2.2lbs). L. cyanellus is a deep bodied, and the peduncle runs to a rounded, slightly laterally compressed species, with a lateral forked, homocercal caudal fin. The paired line running from the operculum to the fins on Lepomis cyanellus are derived in caudal peduncle. The posterior of the orientation. The Green Sunfish has lateral operculum has a characteristic dark spot placement of the pectoral fins with vertical relatively the same size as the eye, and the insertion, anterior pelvic fins, and spines same size spot may also be found at the base found on the anal and dorsal fins.
    [Show full text]
  • Farm Field Guide
    FARM FIELD GUIDE to species at risk in southern Ontario Rivers & Streams A wildlife guide for farmers Content Introduction 2 What are Rivers and Streams? 4 8 10 State of Rivers and Streams 6 How to use this guide 7 Your Observations are Important 8 Species - Redside Dace 10 Eastern Sand Darter 12 Grass Pickerel 14 Northern Brook Lamprey 16 20 Wavy-rayed lampmussel 18 Rainbow Mussel 20 Queensnake 22 Spiny Softshell 24 Northern Map Turtle 26 Bald Eagle 28 Bank Swallow 30 Eastern Musk Turtle 32 Kidneyshell Mussel 34 30 Silver Shiner 34 Channel Darter 35 Hungerford’s Crawling Water Beetle 35 Laura’s Clubtail 36 Riverine Clubtail 36 American Water-willow 37 Heart-leaved Plantain 37 35 1012 14 16 26 18 2216 24 26 28 32 34 34 35 36 36 37 37 An identification guide for species at risk that use rivers and streams in Ontario Rivers and streams are defined as fast moving or flowing bodies of water. Rivers and streams have been an important part of Ontario’s development and growth providing many services to its inhabitants. Most importantly, these waterways are a valuable source of drinking water. Did you know the average person requires about 360 litres of water per day for daily activities? These waterways provide many valuable services to the agricultural community, including water sources for both growing food and livestock, and recreational opportunities such as fishing or paddling. However, many rivers and streams in Ontario have been diverted and deteriorated by humans. As this trend continues, pressure is placed on the plants and animals that depend on these habitats for survival.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of Supplemental Pellet Feeding and Threadfin Shad Addition on Stable Isotope Signature and Potential Influence on Fish Growth in Recreational Fishing Ponds
    Supplemental Pellet Feeding Henderson et al. Evaluation of Supplemental Pellet Feeding and Threadfin Shad Addition on Stable Isotope Signature and Potential Influence on Fish Growth in Recreational Fishing Ponds Hugh K. Henderson1, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, AL 36849 Russell A. Wright, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, AL 36849 Dennis R. DeVries, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, AL 36849 Matthew J. Catalano, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, AL 36849 David C. Glover, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Carterville Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office, 9053 Route 148, Suite A, Marion, IL 62959 Abstract: Pond enhancements such as adding pelleted feed or stocking threadfin shad (Dorosoma petenense) are sometimes used in the management of pond fisheries, but their relative impacts on growth and reproduction at multiple levels of the food web are not often fully evaluated. We used stable isotope analysis to indicate the contribution of pelleted feed to bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) reproduction and growth, and ultimately to largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) growth in the presence and absence of threadfin shad via two different approaches: a pond experiment and sampling of established ponds. Bluegill growth and reproductive metrics increased with increased rates of pelleted feed provided. Bluegill nitrogen signature decreased with pelleted feed in the small pond experiment, suggesting feeding at a lower trophic level with increased feed. Largemouth bass nitrogen signature results showed similar trends to that of bluegill, although not statistically significant. In established ponds, pelleted feed appeared to alter the carbon isotopic signatures of both bluegill and largemouth bass independent of threadfin shad presence.
    [Show full text]