Common pests of Western Australia’s Southern Jarrah Forests

SPRING SUMMER AUTUMN WINTER

Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar April May June July Aug

PEST DAMAGE LIFE STAGE 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 HOSTS/ PEST NOTES

Southern jarrah forest. Adult GLS Jarrah, Marri, Blackbutt & Flooded gum JLM early leaf damage JLM late stage leaf damage Uraba lugens Mature leaves Egg GLS larvae GLS larvae Skeletonizing and chewing Larvae

Throughout the range of Young and mature leaves Adult JLM jarrah and Flooded gum

Perthida glyphopa Leaf mines Egg

Larvae

Jarrah, Karri & Marri. Cup larva Cup moth adult GLS advanced Helena gum moth Leaf chewer Adult GLS leaf damage Adults have been caught

stage larva OUTBREAK DEFOLIATORS and moulting casts in March, precise timing Opodiphthera helena Egg of life cycle uncertain.

Larvae

Jarrah, Marri, and Adult Cup moth Flooded gum

Doratifera spp Leaf chewer Egg Leaf blister sawfly leaf damage Leaf blister sawfly larva Larvae Helena gum moth larva Helena gum moth adult Most eucalypts Spit fires Adult

Perga spp Leaf chewer Egg

Larvae

Larvae live between leaf lamina Most eucalypts. Leaf Blister Sawfly Adult in blister like cells Timing and number of generations varies Oxyops sp. Phylateophaga froggatti Egg Weevil leaf damage according to local Spitfire larvae Spitfire adult climate regime. Larvae

Larvae live gregariously Juvenile Leaves Adult Autumn gum moth in protective bags made from leaves of the host Mnesampela privata Skeletonizing and chewing Egg plant.

Larvae

Most eucalypts. Weevils Adult Gonipterus sp. Weevil larva OTHER DEFOLIATORS OTHER Autumn gum moth early Adults and damage most Autumn gum moth larvae evident in autumn. larvae and leaf damage Gonipterus & Oxyops Leaf chewers Egg Larvae cover themselves New and old leaves Larvae in faecal material.

Most eucalypts. Catasarcus spp Leaf chewers Adult Leaves chewed in New and old leaves Egg scalloped pattern on leaf margins. Leaf beetle larvae Leaf beetle adult Larvae

Catasarcus sp. Larvae can resemble Prefer juvenile leaves Adult Leaf beetles spit-fires and have a similar behaviour Chrysomelidae Both larvae and adults feed on leaves Egg on the leaf.

Larvae

Wide host range. Amorbus sp Young shoots; tip death Adult Leaf beetle adult Includes eucalypts Psyllids Egg and Agonis sp. Adults Amorbus adult hibernate in winter in cool areas. Nymph

Ubiquitous Psyllids Liquid feeders of xylem or phloem Adult

Leaf hoppers Cause discoloured patches on leaves Egg

SAP SUCKERS (BUGS) Nymph

Jarrah, Marri, Flooded 2 year life cycle Adult Leaf hopper adults Leaf hopper adult External damage on Karri Phoracantha acanthocera Bulls-eye borer gum, Karri and Blackbutt

Phoracantha acanthocera Wood borer Egg

Larvae

Ubiquitous Eucalypt longicorn Wood borer Adult Dying and newly dead eucalypts. Phoracantha semipunctata Engravings under bark Egg Adult bullseye borer WOOD BORERS Phoracantha Larval tunnels of emergence hole semipunctata adult Phoracantha semipunctata Larvae

Presence Damage period High damage period Uncertain Multiple with differing life cycles