Hairy Fungus Beetle (Typhaea Stercorea)

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Hairy Fungus Beetle (Typhaea Stercorea) Insect Factsheet Hairy Fungus Beetle (Typhaea stercorea) Identification: Adult beetle, 2 - 3 mm in length, brown in colour and covered with short, stout hairs. Larvae are white to pale brown, 4 - 4.5 mm in length. Similar in appearance to but smaller than the biscuit beetle. Associated with damp conditions and the development of moulds and fungi. Commonly found in birds' nests, amongst damp newspapers, food packaging and other materials in cellars and pantries. They frequently form part of the fauna in grain stores, especially on the surface of bulk grain after a long damp autumn and winter. This insect serves as an indicator that grains or other foods may be going out of condition. The female beetle lays a variable number of eggs loosely in and amongst the larval food substrate. From one to two weeks later the young larvae hatch and immediately feed on moulds and fungal hyphae. They are free living and almost whitish. From 3 to 6 weeks later the larva pupates in a suitable niche, and the adult emerges after a period from 2 to 4 weeks, depending on temperature and relative humidity. The adults are also fungus feeders. These species are frequently recorded and widespread throughout Britain. The hairy fungus beetle does not attack stored foods but is always an indication of damp conditions and the presence of moulds and fungi. Control: Primarily an insect pest in grain stores. The hairy fungus beetle does not damage stored grain, its presence in grain stores indicates mould growth on the grain. Insecticide treatments are seldom necessary against these pests, with improvements in hygiene generally sufficient to overcome the problem. Try to deny the conditions they need to survive and multiply, adjusting the environment is the first step in controlling fungus beetles. Where a treatment is required any residual insecticide labelled for crawling insects is likely to be effective. Use biocides safely. Always read the label and product information before use. .
Recommended publications
  • Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer
    MONTREAL PROTOCOL ON SUBSTANCES THAT DEPLETE THE OZONE LAYER 1994 Report of the Methyl Bromide Technical Options Committee 1995 Assessment UNEP 1994 Report of the Methyl Bromide Technical Options Committee 1995 Assessment Montreal Protocol On Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer UNEP 1994 Report of the Methyl Bromide Technical Options Committee 1995 Assessment The text of this report is composed in Times Roman. Co-ordination: Jonathan Banks (Chair MBTOC) Composition and layout: Michelle Horan Reprinting: UNEP Nairobi, Ozone Secretariat Date: 30 November 1994 No copyright involved. Printed in Kenya; 1994. ISBN 92-807-1448-1 1994 Report of the Methyl Bromide Technical Options Committee for the 1995 Assessment of the MONTREAL PROTOCOL ON SUBSTANCES THAT DEPLETE THE OZONE LAYER pursuant to Article 6 of the Montreal Protocol; Decision IV/13 (1993) by the Parties to the Montreal Protocol Disclaimer The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the Technology and Economics Assessment Panel co-chairs and members, the Technical and Economics Options Committees chairs and members and the companies and organisations that employ them do not endorse the performance, worker safety, or environmental acceptability of any of the technical options discussed. Every industrial operation requires consideration of worker safety and proper disposal of contaminants and waste products. Moreover, as work continues - including additional toxicity testing and evaluation - more information on health, environmental and safety effects of alternatives and replacements
    [Show full text]
  • Express-PRA Typhaea Stercorea
    Express-PRA1 zu Typhaea stercorea Zusammenfassung2 Der Behaarte Baumschwammkäfer ist ubiquitär verbreitet und ernährt sich vom Myzel der Schimmelpilze. Er ist kein phytophager Schadorganismus. Seine Verschleppung kann mit verschimmelten organischen Materialien erfolgen. Die Vorbeugung der Verhinderung einer Schimmelbildung entzieht dem Käfer die Nahrungsgrundlage. Er ist ein Vektor für Salmonellen. PRA-Gebiet: Deutschland und EU Beschreibung des gefährdeten Gebietes: nicht relevant da kein Schadorganismus von Pflanzen Fazit: kein Schadorganismus von Pflanzen, da er sich von Myzel der Schimmelpilze ernährt Phytosanitäre Maßnahmen: keine Phytosanitäres Risiko für das gefährdete Gebiet hoch ☐ mittel ☐niedrig X Unsicherheitsgrad der Bewertung hoch ☐ mittel ☐niedrig X Weitere Empfehlungen: Zur Vermeidung eines Befalls mit dem Käfer sollte einer Schimmelbildung vorgebeugt werden, z. B. die rel. Luftfeuchte unter 65 % halten; direkte Bekämpfung mit gasförmigen Insektiziden wie Stickstoff, Kohlendioxid oder Phosphorwasserstoff ist möglich. Da der Käfer Salmonellen übertragen kann, könnte ein Risiko im veterinären und gesundheitlichen Bereich bestehen. 1 PRA: Pflanzengesundheitliche Risikoanalyse 2 Die Zusammenfassung sollte erst erstellt werden, wenn die Analyse vollständig ist. Institut für nationale und internationale Angelegenheiten der Pflanzengesundheit Express-PRA zu Typhea stercorea 1/3 Express-PRA zu Typhaea stercorea Erstellt von: Julius Kühn-Institut, Institut für nationale und internationale Angelegenheiten der Pflanzengesundheit.
    [Show full text]
  • An Annotated Bibliography of Archaeoentomology
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Distance Master of Science in Entomology Projects Entomology, Department of 4-2020 An Annotated Bibliography of Archaeoentomology Diana Gallagher Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/entodistmasters Part of the Entomology Commons This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Entomology, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Distance Master of Science in Entomology Projects by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Diana Gallagher Master’s Project for the M.S. in Entomology An Annotated Bibliography of Archaeoentomology April 2020 Introduction For my Master’s Degree Project, I have undertaken to compile an annotated bibliography of a selection of the current literature on archaeoentomology. While not exhaustive by any means, it is designed to cover the main topics of interest to entomologists and archaeologists working in this odd, dark corner at the intersection of these two disciplines. I have found many obscure works but some publications are not available without a trip to the Royal Society’s library in London or the expenditure of far more funds than I can justify. Still, the goal is to provide in one place, a list, as comprehensive as possible, of the scholarly literature available to a researcher in this area. The main categories are broad but cover the most important subareas of the discipline. Full books are far out-numbered by book chapters and journal articles, although Harry Kenward, well represented here, will be publishing a book in June of 2020 on archaeoentomology.
    [Show full text]
  • Oregon Invasive Species Action Plan
    Oregon Invasive Species Action Plan June 2005 Martin Nugent, Chair Wildlife Diversity Coordinator Oregon Department of Fish & Wildlife PO Box 59 Portland, OR 97207 (503) 872-5260 x5346 FAX: (503) 872-5269 [email protected] Kev Alexanian Dan Hilburn Sam Chan Bill Reynolds Suzanne Cudd Eric Schwamberger Risa Demasi Mark Systma Chris Guntermann Mandy Tu Randy Henry 7/15/05 Table of Contents Chapter 1........................................................................................................................3 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 3 What’s Going On?........................................................................................................................................ 3 Oregon Examples......................................................................................................................................... 5 Goal............................................................................................................................................................... 6 Invasive Species Council................................................................................................................. 6 Statute ........................................................................................................................................................... 6 Functions .....................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Mycetophagidae of the Maltese Islands (Coleoptera)
    BULLETIN OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF MALTA (2012) Vol. 5 : 105-109 The Mycetophagidae of the Maltese Islands (Coleoptera) David MIFSUD1 & Josef JELÍNEK2 ABSTRACT. In the present work, seven species of Mycetophagidae have been confirmed as occurring in Malta. Of these, two represent new records for this territory namely Berginus tamarisci and Typhaeola maculata. Since very little original collecting data exists for most of the other records for Malta, such data is provided for all species, with notes on global distribution and other relevant information. KEY WORDS. Malta, Mediterranean, fungi, new records. INTRODUCTION The Mycetophagidae is a small family of beetles of approximately 130 described species with a worldwide distribution. Most species feed on fungal material, either fruiting bodies or fungal spores and can therefore be found in bracket fungi, under bark, in decaying wood, in leaf litter and similar habitats especially where high humidity prevails. Some species may be also found in stored products and generally their presence is indicative of the presence of mould. In the list of Maltese Coleoptera published by Cameron and Caruana Gatto in 1907 two species of Mycetophagidae were included. Litargus coloratus, which was indicated as common throughout the year, and Typhaea fumata (=Typhaea stercorea) collected from Fort Manoel in May. In the Fauna Europaea database, NIKITSKY (2004) reported only one of the above mentioned species (L. coloratus) as present in Malta. Out of the 83 species of Mycetophagidae occurring in the Palaearctic Region (NIKITSKY, 2008) five species were reported from Malta. This was mainly based on material available to the present authors who communicated the data to Dr Nikolay Nikitsky for inclusion in the Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera.
    [Show full text]
  • Detection of Stored Products Pests by Pheromone Traps in Seven Warehouses in Luanda/Angola
    General Session on Stored Grain Protection PS10-6 - 6335 Detection of stored products pests by pheromone traps In seven warehouses in Luanda/Angola R. Pacavira1, *, O. Mata1, A. Manuel1, A.P. Pereira2, A. Mexia3 Abstract Introduction The detection of arthropods species was conducted in seven warehouses containing The trade globalisation of the food industry several stored food products, namely, rice, maize has presented a new challenge in the food security flour, wheat flour, beans, pasta and sugar, and in guarantee. The storage of food products has a milling factory that processed rice, dried constituted the fulcrum of the food security for cassava and maize, located in the Luanda region, the populations, guaranteeing their access to in Angola. During storage the main effect of the sufficient, safe and nutritious food (Pacavira, activity of arthropods species on food products 2004). is related to the damage they cause and the The main arthropods species considered reduction of product quantity and quality that can stored-food pests are cosmopolitan in lead to the rejection of contaminated lots. distribution, with a range extending from the The arthropods species recorded in the survey tropics to temperate areas. The dispersal of are mentioned. A total of 27 arthropods species storage species is due to evolutionary adaptations including insects and arachnids were identified. (morphological, physiological, and behavioural) The insects species Sitophilus zeamais and also to the actions of man, who carried them Motschulsky, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and around the world through commercial exchanges Ephestia cautella (Walker) were common to the (Pereira, 1998). seven warehouses and in the milling factory, In tropical areas of the world insects are the while Ahasverus advena (Waltl) and main sources of stored products deterioration Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) were found in causing significant quantitative and qualitative the seven examined warehouses.
    [Show full text]
  • Surveying for Terrestrial Arthropods (Insects and Relatives) Occurring Within the Kahului Airport Environs, Maui, Hawai‘I: Synthesis Report
    Surveying for Terrestrial Arthropods (Insects and Relatives) Occurring within the Kahului Airport Environs, Maui, Hawai‘i: Synthesis Report Prepared by Francis G. Howarth, David J. Preston, and Richard Pyle Honolulu, Hawaii January 2012 Surveying for Terrestrial Arthropods (Insects and Relatives) Occurring within the Kahului Airport Environs, Maui, Hawai‘i: Synthesis Report Francis G. Howarth, David J. Preston, and Richard Pyle Hawaii Biological Survey Bishop Museum Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96817 USA Prepared for EKNA Services Inc. 615 Pi‘ikoi Street, Suite 300 Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96814 and State of Hawaii, Department of Transportation, Airports Division Bishop Museum Technical Report 58 Honolulu, Hawaii January 2012 Bishop Museum Press 1525 Bernice Street Honolulu, Hawai‘i Copyright 2012 Bishop Museum All Rights Reserved Printed in the United States of America ISSN 1085-455X Contribution No. 2012 001 to the Hawaii Biological Survey COVER Adult male Hawaiian long-horned wood-borer, Plagithmysus kahului, on its host plant Chenopodium oahuense. This species is endemic to lowland Maui and was discovered during the arthropod surveys. Photograph by Forest and Kim Starr, Makawao, Maui. Used with permission. Hawaii Biological Report on Monitoring Arthropods within Kahului Airport Environs, Synthesis TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents …………….......................................................……………...........……………..…..….i. Executive Summary …….....................................................…………………...........……………..…..….1 Introduction ..................................................................………………………...........……………..…..….4
    [Show full text]
  • Tarset and Greystead Biological Records
    Tarset and Greystead Biological Records published by the Tarset Archive Group 2015 Foreword Tarset Archive Group is delighted to be able to present this consolidation of biological records held, for easy reference by anyone interested in our part of Northumberland. It is a parallel publication to the Archaeological and Historical Sites Atlas we first published in 2006, and the more recent Gazeteer which both augments the Atlas and catalogues each site in greater detail. Both sets of data are also being mapped onto GIS. We would like to thank everyone who has helped with and supported this project - in particular Neville Geddes, Planning and Environment manager, North England Forestry Commission, for his invaluable advice and generous guidance with the GIS mapping, as well as for giving us information about the archaeological sites in the forested areas for our Atlas revisions; Northumberland National Park and Tarset 2050 CIC for their all-important funding support, and of course Bill Burlton, who after years of sharing his expertise on our wildflower and tree projects and validating our work, agreed to take this commission and pull everything together, obtaining the use of ERIC’s data from which to select the records relevant to Tarset and Greystead. Even as we write we are aware that new records are being collected and sites confirmed, and that it is in the nature of these publications that they are out of date by the time you read them. But there is also value in taking snapshots of what is known at a particular point in time, without which we have no way of measuring change or recognising the hugely rich biodiversity of where we are fortunate enough to live.
    [Show full text]
  • 2 Biology, Behavior, and Ecology of Stored Grain and Legume Insects
    2 Biology, Behavior, and Ecology of Stored Grain and Legume Insects Linda Mason Marissa McDonough Stored grains and legumes are subject to insect infes- compounded by the fact that in cold grain (typically tation and deterioration from molds and bacteria. In grain below 50 to 55⁰F), insects are not mobile and 1990, postharvest losses in the United States were are easier to miss in random sampling. estimated to be $500 million per year (Harein and Meronuck 1991). The United States estimates that A major concern with the presence of insects is in developed countries the average minimum overall potential to vector disease organisms. Many stored- losses from biological degradation is 10% (National grain insects possess hairs and indentations on their Research Council 1978), while in developing coun- exoskeletons that can act as mechanical vectors of tries that estimate may be up to 20%. In sub-Saharan pathogens. Maize weevils have been shown to carry Africa losses are estimated to be around $4 billion numerous fungi species, including A. niger, A. glau- a year (World Bank and FAO 2011). High envi- cus, A. candidus, Penicillium islandicum, P. citrinum, ronmental temperatures and moisture, along with Paecilomyces, Acremonium, Epicoccum, F. semitectum, dockage and broken kernels, provide conditions that and yeasts (Smalley 1989, Dix 1984). Smalley (1989) accelerate mold and insect development within the noted that they were particularly loaded with A. fla- grain mass, increasing grain losses. Storage infesta- vus and F. moniliforme. Dix (1984) found that adults tions may originate in the field by highly mobile did not suffer from aflatoxicoses despite carrying a insects leaving the storage site and flying to grain high density of spores.
    [Show full text]
  • 5 Biology, Behavior, and Ecology of Pests in Other Durable Commodities
    5 Biology, Behavior, and Ecology of Pests in Other Durable Commodities Peter A. Edde Marc Eaton Stephen A. Kells Thomas W. Phillips Introduction biology, behavior, and ecology of the common insect pests of stored durable commodities. Physical ele- Other durable commodities of economic importance ments defined by the type of storage structure, insect besides dry grains include tobacco, spices, mush- fauna, and interrelationships in the storage environ- rooms, seeds, dried plants, horticultural and agro- ment are also discussed. nomic seeds, decorative dried plants, birdseed, dry pet foods, and animal products such as dried meat and fish, fishmeal, horns, and hooves. Similar to dry Life Histories grains, these commodities are typically maintained and Behavior at such low moisture levels that preserving quality by minimizing insect damage can be a significant chal- lenge. Stored commodities may become infested at the processing plant or warehouse, in transit, at the store, or at home. Many arthropod pests of stored commodities are relatively abundant outdoors, but natural host plants before preadaptation to stored products remain unknown. Capable of long flight, they migrate into unprotected warehouses. Adults (larvae) crawl through seams and folds or chew into sealed packages and multiply, diminishing product quality and quantity. Infestations may spread within a manufacturing facility through electrical conduit Figure 1. Adult of the cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne and control panels. (F.), 2 to 4 mm long (from Bousquet 1990). The type of pest observed on a stored product Cigarette Beetle Lasioderma depends on the commodity, but some insects vary widely in their food preferences and may infest a Serricorne (F.) wide range of commodities.
    [Show full text]
  • United States Department of Agriculture LIST of INTERCEPTED
    Bur.Ent. & P. Q. Issued May 1939 United States Department of Agriculture BUREAU OF ENTOMOLOGY AND PLANT QUARANTINE SERVICE AND REGULATORY ANNOUNCEMENTS LIST OF INTERCEPTED PLANT PESTS, 1937 (List of Pests Recorded During the Period July 1, 1936, to June 30, 1937, In- clusive, as Intercepted in, on, or with Plants and Plant Products Entering United States Territory.) INTRODUCTION The period covered by this report represents the twenty-fourth year for which lists of intercepted plant pests have been issued. While the earlier reports gave the details regarding practically all organisms found on the plant material in- spected, the present paper omits many organisms entirely and summarizes the interceptions of many common or incompletely determined pests in short para- graphs, hence the detailed table contains only a fraction of the total findings. This report is based on interceptions for which determinations were received and indexed during the fiscal year. Determinations for collections made late in the year are often received after the close of the year and are included with those of the following year. The summarized records cover pests intercepted in, on, or with plants and plant products (1) imported, (2) offered for but refused entry, (3) held as ships' stores, etc., and hence not imported through customs, (4) offered for entry for immediate export or for immediate transportation and exportation in bond, and (5) in domestic shipments reaching the mainland from Hawaii and Puerto Rico. A cross-indexed file covering the more important and interesting interceptions is maintained in Washington and serves as the basis for this list.
    [Show full text]
  • Using Five Sampling Methods to Measure Insect Distribution
    Journal of Stored Products Research 36 (2000) 253±262 www.elsevier.com/locate/jspr Using ®ve sampling methods to measure insect distribution and abundance in bins storing wheat David W. Hagstrum* Grain Marketing and Production Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1515 College Avenue, Manhattan, Kansas, 66502, USA Accepted 1 September 1999 Abstract Newly-harvested wheat stored in each of two bins on each of two farms in Kansas during each of 3 years was sampled every 3±4 days at two locations (in the center and midway between the center and bin wall) within each bin. The variation in insect numbers between bins, locations within a bin, farms and years diered with insect species and sampling method. Five sampling methods were used to monitor insect populations in three regions of each bin: (1) in the head space above the grain; (2) on the grain surface; and (3) within the top 50 cm of the grain mass. Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) and Ahasverus advena (Waltl) were more evenly distributed among these three regions of a bin than the other species. Typhaea stercorea (L.) were found mainly in the head space and on the grain surface. These distribution patterns were consistent throughout the 126-day storage period. R. dominica (F.) were found in the head space and within the grain mass early in the storage period, and mainly in the grain mass as grain cooled in the autumn. The majority of Plodia interpunctella (HuÈ bner) (91%) were caught in sticky traps in the head space. Two of the three less abundant species, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), tended to be found most often on the grain surface and the other, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.), within the grain mass.
    [Show full text]