Coprinus Littoralis Fungal Planet Description Sheets 425

424 Persoonia – Volume 36, 2016

Coprinus littoralis Fungal Planet description sheets 425

Fungal Planet 453 – 4 July 2016 Coprinus littoralis G. Moreno, Carlavilla, Heykoop, Manjón, A. Sánchez, sp. nov.

Etymology. Name reflects the habitat, littoral dunes, from which this Henares, Campus universitario, Escuela Politécnica, in a garden, 6 Nov. fungus was collected. 2015, A. López-Villalba, J.R. Carlavilla & G. Moreno, AH 45830 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686917, KU686900). Coprinus pinetorum: Spain, Classification — Agaricaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes. Madrid, Rivas Vaciamadrid, in humus of Pinus halepensis, 18 Nov. 2011, M. Martín, L. Rubio-Casas, L. Rubio-Roldán & G. Moreno, holotype AH Cap up to 45 × 25 mm (measured on dried herbarium speci- 44094 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686924, KU686907); Madrid, mens), ovoid to broadly ellipsoid, becoming revolute at margin Rivas Vaciamadrid, in humus of Pinus halepensis, 18 Nov. 2011, M. Martín, when mature and strongly deliquescent, first whitish, later with L. Rubio-Casas, L. Rubio-Roldán & G. Moreno, AH 45797 (ITS, LSU se- pinkish tinges, veil thick, ochraceous, persistent at centre, quences GenBank, KU686925, KU686908); idem, 22 Nov. 2014, M. Martín, star-shaped, not deliquescent, recalling that of Coprinus AH 45798 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686926, KU686909); Alm- vosoustii. Gills crowded, first white, then pinkish, later black, ería, Sierra de los Filabres, in humus of Pinus halepensis, 30 Nov. 2002, strongly deliquescent; gill-edge could not be observed due to G. Moreno & R. Galán, AH 45815 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686927, KU686910). Coprinus vosoustii: Spain, Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Facul- deliquescence. Stem 55–65 × 3–6 mm, whitish, with whitish tad de Farmacia and Medicina, in a garden, 13 May 1976, K. Tabba, AH 1284 ephemeral ring; base up to 13 mm wide and bulbous to napi- (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686919, KU686902); idem, 8 May 1977, form, strongly rooting, 20–35 mm in length; hollow, with central G. Moreno, AH 556 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686923, KU686906). strand. Spores 13–20 × 8–12 µm av. 15.5–17.5 × 9.5–10.6 Notes — Coprinus littoralis is characterised by its medium µm (3 collections), Q = 1.60–1.72, ellipsoid, smooth, some- av. size sporocarp (as compared with Coprinus comatus), its large times slightly broadened base, dark black, germ pore central to spores (13–20 × 8–12 µm) with slightly eccentric germ pore slightly eccentric toward the abaxial spore side, up to 2.5–3 µm and by growing in littoral dunes. diam. Basidia and pseudoparaphyses could not be observed due to deliquescence. Pleurocystidia not observed. Cheilo In our ITS phylogeny (MycoBank supplementary data) Coprinus cystidia probably present in young specimens but the material littoralis is significantly related to C. comatus, C. sterquilinus, studied was always very mature, with the gill-edge completely C. vosoustii and C. pinetorum. They all belong to subsect. Co deliquesced. Clamp-connections absent, only pseudoclamps prinus s. Uljé (the C. comatus group). Coprinus comatus differs present. Elements of veil 45–200 × 5–30 µm, consisting of from C. littoralis by its more robust habit, smaller spores (9–12.5 cylindrical septate hyphae, rarely branched, densely packed, × 7–9 µm) and by fruiting on strongly nitrified sites (gardens, very variable in size and shape. roadsides and paths or on lawns). Coprinus sterquilinus differs Habit, Habitat & Distribution — Growing solitary on sand in from C. littoralis by its larger spores (17–26 × 10–15 µm) and littoral dunes with psammophilous vegetation. Very rare in the the habitat on dung. Coprinus vosoustii, considered by Moreno studied area. & Heykoop (1998) as a synonym of C. calyptratus, resembles C. littoralis because of the thick and persistent star-shaped Typus. Spain, Huelva, Playa Coto de Doñana, National Park of Doñana, ochraceous veil on the cap as well as by the large spores. psammophilous in dunes, 5 Apr. 2013, A. Sánchez (holotype AH 45819, Nevertheless, Coprinus littoralis differs from C. vosoustii by the ITS sequence GenBank KU686920, LSU sequence GenBank KU686903, MycoBank MB815823). strict psammophilous habitat and the absence of a napiform rooting stipe. Coprinus pinetorum differs from C. littoralis by its Additional specimens examined. Coprinus littoralis: Spain, Huelva, fibrillose flocculose veil, smaller spores (8–11 × 5.5–8 µm) and Playa de Doñana, National Park of Doñana, psammophilous in dunes, 6 Apr. 2013, A. Sánchez, paratype AH 45860 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, by fruiting among needles of Pinus halepensis. KU686921, KU686904), idem, 7 Apr. 2013, AH 45859 (ITS, LSU sequences Macroscopically, Coprinus spadiceisporus, a very rare species GenBank, KU686922, KU686905). Coprinus comatus: Spain, Alcalá de described from the State of Washington by Van de Bogart Henares, Campus universitario, Facultad de Biología, in a garden, 15 Nov. (1976), is also a C. comatus-like fungus. Nevertheless, it differs 2008, J. Rejos & G. Moreno, AH 44095 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, from C. littoralis by fruiting on dung and by its veil with small KU686915, KU686898); Madrid, Valdemorillo, in open area in a forest of Quercus ilex subsp. ballota, 10 Apr. 2010, M. Hinojosa & J.C. Campos, AH somewhat appressed scales (Van de Bogart 1976). Uljé et al. 45823 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686913, KU686896); Madrid, (1998) revised the type of C. spadiceisporus and synonymised Canillejas, in parking of the Capricho Park, 23 Mar. 2014, J.L. Domingo, AH it with C. roseistipitatus, which also was described fruiting on 44089 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686914, KU686897); Madrid, dung of rabbit and deer. Coprinus spadiceisporus has been Las Matas, on side of a path, 8 May 2014, I. Morales, AH 45796 (ITS, LSU collected in Spain (Lleida) by Tabarés & Rocabruna (2002) sequences GenBank, KU686916, KU686899); Guadalajara, in a garden, fruiting on dung of rabbit. Another C. comatus-like fungus which 6 Dec. 2014, J.R. Carlavilla, AH 45795 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, resembles Coprinus littoralis is C. levisticolens. However, Co KU686911, KU686894); Alcalá de Henares, Campus universitario, Resi- dencia Crusa, in a garden, 28 Oct. 2015, P. Rosario, AH 45832 (ITS, LSU prinus levisticolens differs from C. pinetorum by its scaly cap, sequences GenBank, KU686912, KU686895); idem, 4 Nov. 2015, AH smaller spores (11–14.5 × 7–8 µm) and by fruiting on sandy soil 45831 (ITS, LSU sequences GenBank, KU686918, KU686901); Alcalá de under Populus alba and Crataegus spp. (Ludwig & Roux 1995).

Colour illustrations. Spain, Playa Coto de Doñana, National Park of Doñana, littoral dunes with psammophilous vegetation, where the holotype was collected; basidiomata, cylindrical septate hyphae of veil, spores under LM, smooth spores with eccentric germ pore under SEM (from the holotype). Scale bars = 1 cm (basidiomata), 50 µm (veil), 10 µm (spores under LM), 5 µm (spores under SEM).

Gabriel Moreno, Juan Ramón Carlavilla, Michel Heykoop, José Luis Manjón & A. Sánchez, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida (Área de Botánica), Universidad de Alcalá, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; e-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] & [email protected]