Paleozoic Time Scale and Sea-Level History Sponsored, in part, by: Time

ScaLe R Creator Updated by James G. Ogg (Purdue University) and Gabi Ogg to: GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE 2004 Cen Mesozoic (Gradstein, F.M., Ogg, J.G., Smith, A.G., et al.2004) Paleozoic Precambrian ICS and The Concise Geologic Time Scale (Ogg,J.G., Ogg, G. &Gradstein, F.M., 2008)

Paleozoic Sequences -- Haq and Schutter (Science, 2008) Geo- magnetic Standard Chronostratigraphy Mega- Sequences Coastal Onlap and Mean Sea- Paleozoic Long- and - Ordovician Zones and Polarity Sequences (nomenclature by Level (intermediate term) Short-Term Sea Level Sea Level Sealevel Events major events Zonation Graptolite Zonation Age Period Epoch Stage Primary of Sloss J. Ogg) 0 100 200m 0 100 200m 0 100 200m (Baltoscandia) South China 416.1 Monograptus bouceki - elegans detortus transgrediens - perneri Monograptus branikensis - Pri-1 417.5 Silur-8 remscheidensis lochkovensis

Pridoli 418.02 Interval Zone Monograptus parultimus - ultimus 418.7 Lud-3 419.0 Ozarkodina crispa Monograptus formosus 419.75 Silur-7 Ozarkodina snajdri Interval Zone Neocucullograptus kozlowskii -

420 Ludfordian Ludlow-Pridoli Polonograptus podoliensis Lud-2 420.5 420.7 Polygnathoides siluricus mixed-polarity interval 421.0 Saetograptus leintwardinensis 421.3 Lud-1 Ancoradella ploeckensis Ludlow Lobograptus scanicus Gorstian 422.0 Silur-6 [ not zoned ] 422.9 stauros Neodiversograptus nilssoni Gor-1 423.0 Colonograptus ludensis Colonograptus praedeubeli - deubeli 424.0 Silur-5a Ozarkodina bohemica Homerian Pristiograptus parvus - 425 Hom-2 425.0 Gothograptus nassa 425.55 Ozarkodina sagitta sagitta Cyrtograptus lundgreni 426.2 Hom-1 426.0 Silur-5 Cyrtograptus rigidus - perneri Wenlock 426.68 polarity interval Sheinwoodian Normal- Wenlock Ozarkodina sagitta rhenana Monograptus riccartonensis - Shein-1 427.5 belophorus - antennularis Kockelella ranuliformis Cyrtograptus centrifugus - 428.2 428.18 murchisoni Tely-4 429.0 Cyrtograptus lapworthi - insectus Silur-4 amorphognathoides 429.75 430 Upper Oktavites spiralis Interval Zone Tely-3 430.5 Pterospathodus celloni Monograptus griestoniensis - 431.75 Pterospathodus eopennatus crenulata Telychian Monograptus crispus Silurian Tely-2 433.0 Spirograptus turriculatus Silur-3 434.0

435 Tely-1 435.0 staurognathoides Spirograptus guerichi

436.0 435.9 Stimulograptus sedgwickii Aer-2 436.8 Silur-2 Lituigraptus convolutus polarity interval Llandovery Aeronian Llandovery mixed- Monograptus argenteus - 437.79 leptotheca Pterospathodus tenuis Demirastrites triangulatus- 439.0 Aer-1 439.0 pectinatus

440 Coronograptus cyphus Tippecanoe Silur-1 Distomodus kentuckyensis Rhuddanian 441.12 Orthograptus vesiculosis Parakidograptus acuminatus Rhuddanian (Saelabonn) Transgressive Event Akidograptus ascensus Rexroadus nathani 443.7 Rhud-1 443.7 Hirnantian Lowstand Event Ordovician: North Atlantic Normalograptus? persculptus 444.6 Hirnantian Ashgill Langoyene Drowning Conodont Zones 445 Event Normalograptus? extraordinarius 445.6 Lowstand Terminal Husbergoya Hirn-1 445.7 Lowstand Event 445.88 Interval Kat-7 446.3 446.7 Husbergoya Drowning Paraorthograptus pacificus Event ordovicicus Kat-6 447.3 Spannslokket Drowning 447.65 Event Hirnantian-

Lt. Katian N Kat-5 448.0 448.4 pre-pacificus Grimsoya Regressive Kat-4 449.0 Event 449.35 Linearis Drowning-3 Climacograptus? uncinatus 450 Kat-3 450.0 Event Dicellograptus gravis Katian 451.0

Linearis Drowning-2 Event Kat-2 452.0 Dicranograptus kirki Linearis Drowning-1 Amorphognathus superbus

Late Event Solvang Lowstand Event

Lower 453.75 Nakkholmen Drowning Diplacanthograptus spiniferus Event

Frognarkilen Lowstand 455 Event Diplacanthograptus lanceolatus Kat-1 455.8 455.5 455.75 Late Sand-3 456.2 Llanvirn- Keila Drowning Event Caradoc Orthograptus calcaratus 457.2 Highstand Amorphognathus tvaerensis Arnestad Drowning Sand-2 458.2 Vollen Lowstand Sandbian-E. Katian mixed interval (Pavlov-Gallet, 2005)

459.69 Nemagraptus gracilis 460

460.9 Sand-1 460.9 Pygodus anserinus 461.35 Darr-4 461.8 462.2 Archiclimacograptus riddellensis Furudal Highstand Pygodus serra Darr-3 462.8 463.28 Skarlov Lowstand Helskjer Drowning Darr-2 464.0 Event Pseudoclimacograptus Darriwilian Eoplacognathus suecicus decoratus 465 Stein Lowstand Event 465.5 Basal Llanvirn Drowning Event Eoplacognathus variabilis Undulograptus intersitus Late Arenig - 467.0 Middle Darr-1 Early Llanvirn Lowstand Undulograptus austrodentatus 468.1 norrlandicus Cardiograptus morsus 468.6 Oncograptus upsilon Paroistodus originalis Isograptus victoriae maximus Komstad Regressive 470 Ordovician Baltoniodus navis Event Isograptus victoriae victoriae Gardlosa Drowning 471.0 Event Dap-2 Baltoniodus triangulatus 471.48 Basal Whiterock Isograptus victoriae lunatus 471.8 Dap-1 471.8 Lowstand 472.34 Isograptus primulus Mayero Flo-5 473.0 Mid Arenig Oepikodus evae Didymograptus protobifidus Highstand

Reversed Superchron 474.0 Evae Drowning Event (Pendeograptus fruticosus) 475 Flo-4 475.0 Upper 475.5 Billingen Transgressive Event Flo-3 476.0 elegans 476.45 Flo-2 477.0 Tetragraptus approximatus

478.2 478.6

Late Tremadoc- 480 E. Arenig Early Lowstand Paroistodus proteus Flo-1 481.0 Copiosus Drowning Event Araneograptus pulchellus

482.26

Tremadocian Trem-3 483.8 Hagastrand Drowning Event Ceratopyge Regressive Event 485 485.15 Kiaerograptus Drowning Paltodus deltifer Aorograptus victoriae Event Early- Peltocare Regression Psigraptus jacksoni Event Middle Black Mountain Anisograptus Trem-2 486.8 Tremadocian Regression Event 487.55 Highstand Stonehenge angulatus Trilobite Zones and Cambrian events Transgression - 488.3 Siberia Trem-1 488.3 Hysterolenus - Onychopyge C. prolindstromi (Australia) 488.65 Acerocare Regressive Event Hirsutodontus simplex (Australia) Camb10-4 489.0 Leiostegium constrictum - Eopatokephalus nyaicus 489.4 Shenjiawania brevica Cordylodus proavus (Australia) Late 489.8 Mictosaukia striata -Fatocephalus Mictosaukia perplexa 490 Camb10-3 Stage 10 Cambrian Archaeuloma taoyuanense - Dolgeuloma abunda - D. 490.5 Neoagn. quasibilobus - Lowstand Leioagnostus cf. bexelli dolganensis

Ord-Camb boundary Shergoldia nomas Camb10-2 491.2 Lotagnostus americanus - 491.56 series (Pavlov-Gallet, 2005) Hedinaspis regalis Sinosaukia impages Ketyna ketiensis - Monosulcatina laeve 492.0 Camb10-1 492.0 Probinacunaspis nasalis - Rhaptagn. clarki maximus - Rh. papilio Peichiashania hunanensis Rh. bifax - N. denticulatus Tukalandaspis egens 493.2 Eolotagnostus decoratus - Rh. clarki prolatus - Caz. secatrix Kaolishaniella Rh.c. patulus - C. squamosa - H. lilyensis Stage 9 Peichiashania tertia - P. quarta Rhaptagnostus ciliensis - Irvinella norilica Peich. secunda - Pro. glabella Furongian Onchonotellus cf. kuruktagensis 495 Camb9-1 495.0 Norilagn. quadratus - Irvingella cipita Agnostotes orientalis - Irvingella Wentsuia iota - Rhaptagn. apsis 496.0 angustilimbata Irvingella tropica Agnostotes orientalis - Irvingella perfecta Corynexochus plumula - Stigmatoa diloma Erixanium sentum 497.0 Sinoproceratopyge cf. kiangshanensis Erixanium sentum Innitagnostus inexpectans - Paibian [ Blank zone ] Proceratopyge protracta Proceratopyge cryptica Glyptagnostus reticulatus Glyptagnostus reticulatus Glyptagnostus reticulatus 499.0 Paib-1 499.0 Glyptagnostus stolidotus Glyptagnostus stolidotus Glyptagnostus stolidotus Middle 500 500.0 Linguagnostis reconditus Achmarhachis quasivespa Pedinocephalina - Toxotis Acrocephalella granulosa - Guzhangian Guzh-2 501.0 Proagnostus bulbus Erediaspis eretes 501.35 Koldiniella prolixa Dam. torosa - Fer. janitrix 502.0 Guzh-1 Lejopyge laevigata Lejopyge laevigata - Lejopyge laevigata Oidalagnostus trispinifer

503.0 Sauk 502.9 Lejopyge armata Goniagnostus nathorsti Anomocarioides limbataeformis Goniagnostus nathorsti 504.0 Drum-2 Doryagnostus deltoides Ptychagnostus punctuosus Drumian Ptychagnostus punctuosus Anopolenus henrici - 505 505.0 Corynexochus perforatus

Series 3 Euragnostus opimus Ptychagnostus atavus Drum-1 506.0 506.5 Ptychagnostus atavus Tomagnostus fissus 506.5 Camb5-3 507.0 Ptychagnostus gibbus Ptychagnostus gibbus Ptychagnostus gibbus 507.18 Pentagnostus shergoldi Camb5-2 507.5 Pentagnostus praecurrens Stage 5 508.1 Oryctocephalus orientalis Pentagnostus anabarensis Kounamkites Camb5-1 509.0 Mid-Cambrian series (Pavlov-Gallet, 2005) Oryctocephalus indicus 510.0 510 510.13 Xystridura negrina Ovatoryctocara granulata - Ovatoryctocara granulata - holopygus Schistocephalus antiquus Camb4-2 511.5 Protoryctocephalus Anabaraspis splendens Redlichia forresti Stage 4 512.75 Lermontovia grandis

Arthricocephalites - Changaspis Bergeroniellus ketemensis Camb4-1 514.0 [ Gap ] Bergeroniellus ornata 515.0 514.67 Arthricocephalus 515 Bergeroniellus asiaticus Camb3-5 515.5 Pararaia janeae Bergeroniellus gurarii 516.25

Series 2 Sichuanolenus - Chengkouia Pararaia bunyerooensis B. micmacciformis -Erbiella Camb3-4 517.0 Pararaia tatei 517.32 Camb3-3 517.8 Judomia Stage 3 518.2

Cambrian Abadiella huoi Camb3-2 518.8 Pagetiellus anabarus Hupeidiscus - Sinodiscus 520 519.9 Fallotaspis

521.0 Profallotaspis jakutensis Camb3-1 521.0 SMALL SHELLY FOSSIL SMALL SHELLY FOSSIL ZONES: ARCHAEOCYATHAN ZONES: ZONES: Dok. lenaicus-Tum. primigenius 522.5 Sinosachites flabelliformis - Tannuolina zhangwentangi Dokidocyathus regularis Watsonella Camb2-2 524.0 [ Blank zone ] Stage 2 Nochoroicyathus sunnaginicus 525 525.4 Heraultipegma yunnanensis

[ Blank zone ] [ Blank zone ] Lower

528.0 Camb2-1 528.0 SMALL SHELLY FOSSIL ZONES:

Siphogonuchites triangularis - 530 530.0 Paragloborilus subglobosus Purella antiqua

533.0

Terreneuvian Fort-6

533.9 Early-Cambrian series (Kirschvink and Rozanov, 1984; Kirschvink, 1978) and Rozanov, 535 Fortunian Fort-5 535.0 535.45 Anabarites trisulcatus - Fort-4 536.0 Protohertzium anabarica Anabarites trisulcatus

536.8

Fort-3 538.0

539.0

540 Fort-2 540.0

540.7

542.0 Fort-1 542.0

542.8

Vend-4 544.0

545 544.83 Vend-3 545.5

546.63

Vend-2 548.0 548.5 Vend-1 549.0

550 Ediacaran