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The First Women in Law, Government, the Professions, Music and Other Notable Posts, Achievements and Matters of Interest

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The First Women in Law, Government, the Professions, Music and Other Notable Posts, Achievements and Matters of Interest FIRST WOMEN The first women in law, government, the professions, music and other notable posts, achievements and matters of interest Carrie de Silva Note : ‘Control F’ - pressing F simultaneously with Ctrl key - will enable you to search within this (or any other document). THE FIRST WOMEN IN LAW, GOVERNMENT, THE PROFESSIONS, MUSIC AND OTHER NOTABLE POSTS, ACHIEVEMENTS AND MATTERS OF INTEREST This list is necessarily incomplete, and somewhat random. It concentrates on the UK (to which all the women relate unless otherwise stated) but includes a number of overseas entries where they are of international relevance (such as Nobel prize winners) or particularly notable (such as the first president), or just general interest (such as Kentucky Oaks winner). Where no country is mentioned, the subject is British. Sporting achievement has been largely, although not completely, omitted and some of the more unusual entries reflect my professional connection to the land- based sector and personal interests in women’s history and pre-1960s popular music. There are, of course, very many remarkable women who are missing as they were not the first or did not establish an organisation. There are inevitably errors and omissions - please let me have feedback – [email protected]. Note : pictures have largely been sourced from Google Images. It is stressed that this resource is for educational and informational use only but any concerns about copyright should be addressed to [email protected]. A comma or dash indicates that narrative is a key part of the ‘first’. Words in brackets are for further information only. Carrie de Silva Lecturing / training / CPD to legal and surveying professions and businesses in the land-based and residential property sectors (health and safety, corporate manslaughter, civil liability, small business legal compliance) Principal Lecturer – Law and Taxation, Harper Adams University [email protected] 07583 144622 © 2015 Carrie de Silva c2250BC Named author (The Sumerian Temple Hymns) Enheduanna of Ur c2300-2225 BC 1566 Hanged for witchcraft 1608 Doctorate (Law, 1625 Composition of opera (La ‘Mother’ Agnes Waterhouse Avignon) Liberazione di Ruggiero) c1503-1566 Juliana Morella (Spain) Francesca Caccini (Italy) 1594-1653 1587-? 1637 Patent holder (Tincture 1643 Landowner in colonial 1670 Performed playwright of Saffron and Rose) North America (The Prince) Amye Everard Deborah Moody Aphra Behn 1586-c1657 1640-1689 1733 University chair 1744 Women’s magazine with (Bologna) female editor (Female Laura Maria Bassi (Italy) Spectator) 1711-1778 Eliza Haywood c1693-1756 1747 Published cookery book 1754 Medical doctor 1768 Royal Academy founder author (The Art of Cookery) Dorothea Erxleben (Prussia) Member Hannah Glasse 1715-1762) Angelica Kauffman 1708-1770 1741-1807 1768 Royal Academy founder 1786 Discoverer of comet; 1792 First major work of Member 1835 Royal Astronomical Soc. feminist philosophy Mary Moser Member (Vindication of the Rights of 1744-1819 Caroline Herschel Woman) 1750-1848 Mary Wollstonecraft 1759-1797 1812 Major fossil hunter 1821 Key founder British 1835 Royal Astronomical Soc. Mary Anning Ladies' Society for Promoting member 1799-1847 the Reformation of Female Mary Somerville Prisoners (first national 1708-1872 women’s organisation) Elizabeth ‘Betsy’ Fry 1780-1845 1839 Instigating equal rights 1842 Computer programmer 1845 British Archaeological legislation (Custody of Infants Ada Lovelace Soc. member Act) 1815-1852 Anna Gurney Caroline Norton 1795-1857 1808-1877 1848 Salaried journalist 1849 Founder of first higher 1850 Headmistress (North (Morning Chronicle) education college for women London Collegiate) Eliza Linton (Bedford College, now in Frances Buss 1822-1898 University of London) 1827-1894 Elizabeth Jesser Reid 1789-1866 1856 Black lecturer for 1858 Boarding school 1858 Founder Workhouse American Anti-Slavery headmistress (Cheltenham Visiting Society Society Ladies’ College) Louisa Twining Sarah Parker Remond Dorothea Beale 1820-1912 1815-1894 1831-1906 1860 Attorney (Iowa, USA) 1860 Royal Academy schools 1860 Royal Statistical Soc. Belle Babb Mansfield pupil Fellow; 1907 Order of Merit; 1846-1911 Laura Herford 1975 Appearance on UK bank 1831-1870 note (£5, in 1992) Florence Nightingale 1820-1910 1865 Doctor of Medicine 1868 Founder National 1869 College principal Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Society for Women’s Suffrage (Mistress, Girton, Cambridge) 1836-1917 Lydia Becker Emily Davies 1827-1890 1830-1921 1871 Founder National Union 1871 Ascent of the Matterhorn 1875 Poor Law Guardian for Improving the Education Lucy Walker (Kensington) of Women of All Classes 1836-1916 Martha Merrington (Women’s Education Union) c1830-1912 Maria Grey 1816-1906 1872 Freedom of the City of 1872 US presidential candidate 1874 Cambridge Natural London Victoria Woodhull Science Tripos Baroness Angela Burdett- 1838-1927 Mary Ann Higgs Coutts 1854-1937 1814-1906 1874 Inspector of Workhouses 1874 Founder Women's Trade 1875 Doctorate, modern era Jane Nassau Senior Union League (History, University of Zurich) 1828-1877 Emma Paterson Stefania Wolicka 1848-1886 1851-? 1878 Principal of first Oxford 1879 Pharmacist 1879 Pharmacist Women’s college (Lady Isabella Clark Rose Minshull Margaret Hall) 1843-1926 1851-1905 Elizabeth Wordsworth (1840-1932) 1883 Schools Inspector 1883 RASE* Entomologist 1884 Landscape gardener, Emily Jones Eleanor Ormerod public sector; 1902 Principal of 1828-1901 College of Agriculture / Horticulture (Swanley, Kent) Fanny ‘Rollo’ Wilkinson 1855-1951 * Royal Agricultural Soc. of England 1885 National Union of 1889 Women’s Trades Union 1889 Women’s Trades Union Teachers Executive member Assoc. founder Assoc. founder Elizabeth Burgwin Florence Balgarnie Clementina Black 1850-1940 1856-1928 1853-1922 1889 Alderman (London) 1889 £100/week musical hall 1889 Councillor, elected - Emma Cons performer Brixton (later invalidated) 1838-1912 Marie Lloyd Margaret Mansfield 1870-1922 1827-1892 1889 Women’s Trades Union 1890 First place in Cambridge 1891 National newspaper Assoc. founder Mathematics Tripos editor (The Observer) Eleanor Marx Philippa Fawcett Rachel Beer 1868-1948 1858-1927 1892 Architect 1892 Royal Geographical Soc. 1893 Factory Inspector Ethel Charles member (London) 1871-1962 Isabella Bird May Abraham Tennant 1831-1904 1869-1946 1893 Independent Labour 1893 Journalist, The Times 1893 Factory Inspector Party Council member Flora Lugard (Glasgow) Katharine Glasier 1852-1929 Mary Muirhead Paterson 1867-1950 1864-1941 1893 Lyell Fund recipient – 1894 Sanitary Inspector The Geological Society Rose Squire Catherine Raisin 1861-1938 (1855-1945) 1895 Master of Surgery 1895 Royal Commissioner 1895 Royal Commissioner Louisa Aldrich-Blake (Secondary Education) (Secondary Education) 1865-1925 Sophie Bryant Lucy, Lady Frederick 1850-1922 Cavendish 1841-1925 1895 National Trust Co- 1895 Dentist 1895 Royal Commissioner Founder Lilian Murray (Secondary Education) Octavia Hill 1871-1960 Eleanor Sidgwick 1838-1912 1845-1936 1895 London School of 1896 Gardener at Kew 1896 Gardener at Kew Economics co-founder Annie Gulvin Alice Hutchings Beatrice Webb 1858-1943 1897 National Union of 1897 Univ. of Cambridge 1898 Trade Union Official (NU Women’s Suffrage Societies Agriculture Graduate of Shop Assistants) President Louisa Jebb Margaret Bondfield Millicent Garrett Fawcett 1873-1929 See also 1923 and 1929 1847-1929 1873-1953 1898 War Correspondent 1899 Inst. of Electrical 1899 Executed by electric chair (Spanish-American War, Engineers Member; 1906 (Sing Sing, NY) Cuba) Presentation of Paper at Royal Martha Place Kathleen ‘Kit’ Coleman Society 1849-1899 1864-1915 Hertha Ayrton 1854-1923 1900 Olympic Gold Medal 1902 Royal Society of British 1903 Nobel Prize, Physics; (Tennis) Artists Member 1911 Nobel Prize, Chemistry Charlotte Cooper Louise Jopling (Poland/France) 1870-1966 1843-1933 Marie Curie 1867-1934 1903 Speaker at Labour Party 1903 Master of Fox Hounds 1904 Freedom of the City of Conference (West Carbery Foxhounds) Belfast Isabella Ford Edith Somerville Margaret, Viscountess Pirrie 1855-1924 1858-1949 c1857-1935 1905 Nobel Prize, Peace 1905 Imprisoned for the cause 1905 Chief Woman Inspector (Austria) of women’s suffrage of the Board of Education Baroness Bertha von Suttner Annie Kenney Maude Lawrence 1843-1914 1879-1953 1864-1933 1905 Imprisoned for the cause 1905 Freedom of the City of of women’s suffrage Edinburgh Christabel Pankhurst Flora Stevenson 1880-1958 1839-1905 1906 Scientific Officer, 1906 National Federation of 1906 Engineering graduate Rothamsted* Women Workers founder (Queen’s College, Galway) Winifred Brenchley Mary Macarthur Alice Perry 1883-1953 1880-1921 1885-1969 ‘* Agricultural Research Station 1907 Councillor (Bewdley) 1908 Mayor (Aldeburgh) 1908 Appearance before House Sarah Woodward Elizabeth Garrett Anderson of Lords 1855-1919 1836-1917 Chrystal Macmillan (1872-1937) 1908 University Professor 1909 Hunger striking for 1909 Fellow, Royal Academy (Univ. of Reading, English political purpose of Music Language) Marion Wallace Dunlop Florence Easton Edith Morley 1864-1942 1882-1955 1875-1964 1909 Nobel Prize, Literature 1909 Pilot’s Licence (France) 1909 Certified Accountant (Sweden) Raymonde de Laroche Ethel Ayres Purdie Selma Lagerlöf 1882-1919 1874-1923 1858-1940 1910 Founded Girl Guide 1910 Imprisoned for failure to 1911 Royal College of movement pay Income Tax Surgeons Fellow Agnes Baden-Powell Clemence Houseman* Eleanor Davies-Colley 1858-1945 1861-1955 1874-1934
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