Swear Words and the Reason for Swearing by the Main Characters of F

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SWEAR WORDS AND THE REASON FOR SWEARING BY THE MAIN CHARACTERS OF F. GARY GRAY’S STRAIGHT OUTTA COMPTON

AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS

Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters

By LEONARDO DYDA PRATAMA SUMEISEY Student Number: 154214029

DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS UNIVERSITAS SANATA DHARMA YOGYAKARTA 2019 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

SWEAR WORDS AND THE REASON FOR SWEARING BY THE MAIN CHARACTERS OF F. GARY GRAY’S STRAIGHT OUTTA COMPTON

AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS

Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters

By LEONARDO DYDA PRATAMA SUMEISEY Student Number: 154214029

DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS UNIVERSITAS SANATA DHARMA YOGYAKARTA 2019

ii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

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Dedicated to

Myself and My Family

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

First and foremost I would like to express my gratitude toward my parents, aunts, and uncles for their endless support throughout every stages of my education.

In the midst of it all, I would also like to praise the Lord for His guidance and blessing throughout my life.

I would like to exprees my deepest gratitude to my thesis advisors Ms. Anna

Fitriati, S. Pd., M.Hum. and Adventina Putranti, S.S., M.Hum., for the guidance and advice during the thesis writing process. My gratitude also goes to my academic advisor, Fransisca Kristanti, S.Pd., M.Hum., and all Sanata Dharma English Letters

Department lecturers and staff for the supports given in every way.

I want to thank all of my friends who have helped and accompanied me during this chapter of my life. I hope each and every one of them find happiness in this cold dark world. Last but not least, I want to thank Maria Natalia for the endless boost she gave. Thank you.

Leonardo Dyda Pratama Sumeisey

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE ...... ii APPROVAL PAGE ...... iii ACCEPTANCE PAGE ...... iv STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY ...... v LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH ...... vi MOTTO ...... vii DEDICATION PAGE ...... viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...... ix TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... x LIST OF ABBREVIATION ...... xii LIST OF TABLES ...... xiii ABSTRACT ...... xiv ABSTRAK ...... xv

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ...... 1 A. Background of the Study ...... 1 B. Problem Formulation ...... 4 C. Objectives of the Study ...... 4 D. Definition of Terms ...... 4

CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE ...... 6 A. Review of Related Studies ...... 6 B. Review of Related Theories ...... 9 1. Sociolinguistics ...... 10 2. Literal and Contextual Meaning ...... 10 3. Swear Words ...... 11 4. Reasons for Using Swear Words ...... 14 a. To Draw Attention to Oneself ...... 14 b. To Show Contempt ...... 14 c. To Provoke ...... 15 d. To Mock Authority ...... 15 e. To Intensify ...... 15 C. Theoretical Framework ...... 16

CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY ...... 18 A. Object of the Studies ...... 18 B. Approach of the Study ...... 19 C. Method of the Study ...... 19 1. Data Collection ...... 20 2. Data Analysis ...... 21

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CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS ...... 24 A. The Contextual Meaning of Swear Words Uttered by the Four Main Characters ...... 25 1. Eazy-E ...... 25 2. Ice Cube ...... 29 3. Dr. Dre ...... 33 4. Jerry Heller ...... 37 B. The Reason for Using Swear Words by the Four Main Characters of Straight Outta Compton Movie ...... 44 1. To Draw Attention ...... 45 2. To Show Contempt ...... 48 3. To Provoke ...... 51 4. To Mock Authority ...... 55 5. To Intensify ...... 59

CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION ...... 65 REFERENCES ...... 68 APPENDIX ...... 70 Appendix 1: ...... 70

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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

N.W.A. : Niggaz Wit Attitude

TDA : To Draw Attention

TSC : To Show Contempt

TP : To Provoke

TMA : To Mock Authority

TI : To Intensify

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LIST OF TABLE

No. Table Page 1 Table 1 – Display of Contextual Meaning Analysis 22 2 Table 2 – Display of Reason for Swearing Analysis 23 3 Table 3 – Main Characters’ Swear Word Utterances 25 4 Table 4 – Contextual Meanings of Eazy-E’s Swear Words 26 5 Table 5 – Contextual Meanings of Ice Cube’s Swear Words 29 6 Table 6 – Contextual Meanings of Dr. Dre’s Swear Words 34 7 Table 7 – Contextual Meanings of Jerry Heller’s Swear Words 38 8 Table 8 – The Reason for Using Swear Words by the Four 44 Main Characters of Straight Outta Compton Movie

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ABSTRACT

SUMEISEY, LEONARDO DYDA PRATAMA (2019). SWEAR WORDS AND THE REASON FOR SWEARING BY THE MAIN CHARACTERS OF F. GARY GRAY’S STRAIGHT OUTTA COMPTON. Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Universitas Sanata Dharma.

Swear words are linguistic form which contains taboo words and should not be interpreted literally. They are used to express strong emotions and attitudes. This study looks into the contextual meaning and reasons for using swear words by the four main characters of Straight Outta Compton movie by using sociolinguistic approach. Straight Outta Compton (2015) is a movie about the rise and fall of a gangster rap group called Niggaz Wit Attitude. The story also tells about the discrimination towards African-American people in United States of America. There are two problems formulated in this study. The first problem aimed at identifying what contextual meaning of swear words were uttered by the four main characters in Straight Outta Compton movie. The second problem aimed at identifying why the four main characters of the movie produce those swear words. The writer applied sociolinguistics approach to analyze the swear words in Straight Outta Compton movie. To collect the data, the writer used purposive sampling method. The writer collected the data by watching and reading the movie screenplay and picking the utterances which contain swear words uttered by the four main characters. After collecting the data, the writer pinned down the swear words’ contextual meaning by using Holmes theory (2013) and analyzed the reason behind those swear words utterance by using Wardaugh’s theory (2010, p. 250) and an addition from Allan (2008, p. 35). This study found that the swear words uttered by the four main characters in the movie have different contextual meanings determined by social factors such as topic and social relationship of the participants. This study also found that there are five reasons in which swear words were uttered. Furthermore, the main reason for using swear words by the four main characters of Straight Outta Compton movie is to draw attention. The second most frequent reason that is used is to show contempt, followed by to intensify and to provoke. Based on the study, the least reason that is used by the four main characters of the movie is to mock authority. Lastly, the writer found that education, life experience, social environtment and social relation have the most influence on someone’s way and frequency of producing swear words.

Keywords: swear words, swearing, sociolinguistics.

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ABSTRAK

Kata umpatan adalah bentuk bahasa yang mengandung kata tabu dan tidak dapat diinterpretasikan secara harfiah. Kata umpatan digunakan untuk mengekspresikan emosi dan sikap yang tegas. Penelitian ini membahas tentang makna kontekstual dan tujuan dari penggunaan kata umpatan oleh empat tokoh utama dalam film Straight Outta Compton dengan menggunakan pendekatan sosiolinguistik. Straight Outta Compton (2015) merupakan sebuah film tentang jatuh – bangunnya grup musik bergenre Gangsta Rap bernama Niggaz Wit Attitude. Film tersebut juga menceritakan tentang diskriminasi terhadap kaum Afrika-Amerika di Amerika Serikat. Terdapat dua rumusan masalah yang dirumuskan dalam studi ini. Permasalahan pertama terfokus pada makna kontekstual dari kata umpatan yang diutarakan oleh empat tokoh utama dalam film Straight Outta Compton. Permasalahan kedua terfokus pada alasan mengapa keempat tokoh utama dalam film Straight Outta Compton menggunakan kata – kata umpatan tersebut. Penulis mengaplikasikan pendekatan sosiolinguistik untuk menganalisa kata umpatan yang ada dalam film Straight Outta Compton. Dalam hal pengambilan data, penulis menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Penulis mengambil data dengan cara menonton dan membaca skenario film tersebut. Setelah itu, penulis memilih percakapan yang mengandung kata umpatan yang diutarakan oleh keempat tokoh utama dalam film Straight Outta Compton. Setelah mengumpulkan data, penulis menentukan makna kontekstual dari kata – kata umpatan tersebut menggunakan teori dari Holmes (2013). Kemudian, penulis menganilisis alasan penggunaan kata – kata umpatan menggunakan teori dari Wardaugh (2010, p. 250) dan tambahan teori dari Keith Allan (2008, p. 35). Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa kata umpatan yang diutarakan oleh empat tokoh utama dalam film tersebut memiliki makna kontekstual yang berbeda - beda tergantung oleh faktor- faktor sosial seperti topik dan hubungan sosial dari orang- orang yang terlibat dalam sebuah percakapan. Dalam penelitian ini juga ditemukan lima tujuan dari mengumpat. Selanjutnya, alasan utama dari penggunaan kata umpatan oleh empat tokoh utama dalam film Straight Outta Compton adalah to draw attention. Tujuan yang sering digunakan berikutnya adalah to show contempt, yang diikuti secara berurutan oleh to intensify dan to provoke. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, to mock authority merupakan tujuan dari penggunaan kata umpatan yang paling sedikit digunakan oleh empat karakter utama dalam film tersebut. Pada akhirnya, penulis menemukan bahwa edukasi, pengalaman hidup, lingkungan sosial, dan hubungan sosial memiliki pengaruh paling besar dalam cara dan frekuensi mengumpat seseorang.

Kata kunci: swear words, swearing, sociolinguistics

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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Study

Language is a tool to connect people. Every day, human beings interact and communicate with each other through language or gestures with patterns. These languages and gestures are used to express feelings, ideas, thoughts, and emotions.

This kind of interaction can happen to anybody around the world whatever their gender or ages are.

When language is used by humans to communicate with each other, it creates a sociolinguistic phenomenon. Sociolinguistics, according to Wardhaugh is

concerned with investigating the relationships between language and society with the goal being a better understanding of the structure of language and of how languages function in communication; the equivalent goal in the sociology of language is trying to discover how social structure can be better understood through the study of language (2010, p. 12).

Holmes also comprises it as a study that studies the relationship between language and society (2013, p. 1). Thus, to communicate with each other, the use of language is a must. But not all words can be said freely. There are some words that are considered impolite or even taboo. Those words are called swear words or taboo words. That is why Holmes (2013, p. 3) also says people speak differently because of social factors such as topic, setting or social context, and participants or social relation.

In relation to sociolinguistics, there are various acts that are very attached to both humans and language. Inside of those variations, lies swearing. Swearing

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is an act that delivers taboo or swear words to other humans. According to

Wardhaugh (2010, p. 239), taboo is the prohibition or avoidance in any society of behavior believed to be harmful to its members in that it would cause them anxiety, embarrassment, or shame. That is why the uses of taboo words or swear words in society are considered as a low-class behavior. As for a swear word, Anderrson and

Trudgill define it as

A type of language use in which the expressions; (a) refer to something that is taboo and/or stigmatized in the culture; (b) should not be interpreted literally; (c) can be used to express strong emotions and attitudes (1991, p. 53).

From the definition above, it can be concluded that swear words cannot be expressed in a formal situation. However, not all swear words uses are offensive.

Swear words can be used to express strong emotions such as anger, sadness, and even excitement. The use of swear words in a certain group can also show the intimacy between the people in that group.

Nowadays, swear words can be found almost every time and everywhere.

In an article by Finn (2017) it is even said that swearing is used in conversation almost as often as personal pronouns such as I, we, or our. That is why in this era, the popularity of using swear words can also be found in movies, songs, poems, and novels. It seems like the use of swear words is becoming more and more frequent.

That is why a movie entitled Straight Outta Compton is used for this study.

Straight Outta Compton is a 2015 American biographical drama film directed by F. Gary Gray. This movie talks about the rise and fall of a controversial yet legendary gangsta rap group, Niggaz Wit Attitude. This movie shows the PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

inequality between the White and African-American communities. It expresses how a rap group from Compton wreaked havoc everywhere they performed and also changed the Hip-Hop culture.

The writer is interested in conducting a study of swearing expression in

Straight Outta Compton movie because the characters in the movie utter those expressions a lot. Furthermore, the occurrence of swear words in the movie is also very high. That is why the writer observes the meaning and the reason behind the swear words they uttered.

Since swear words cannot be interpreted literally, it is important to really understand the meaning behind swearing expressions. Furthermore, someone utters swear words because he/she has a reason to swear. Therefore, this study is conducted in order to give a new perspective that swearing expression is not always offensive and to show the reasons behind the four main characters’ swearing utterance through analyzing their background. One of the positive uses of swearing can be found in the fourth conversation in Straight Outta Compton that happened between Jinx, Ice Cube, and Dr. Dre. In that scene, in response to Dr. Dre’s skill of playing the beat with the DJ booth, Ice Cube said “Damn, Dre!”. The use of damn in that phrase is to show Ice Cube’s appreciation towards Dr. Dre’s skill. That type of swearing is categorized as an emphatic swearing. Other than that, the reader can also understand why swear words are uttered by the characters in Straight Outta

Compton movie through the landscape of African-American and Hip-Hop culture.

To answer the problems, the writer uses the utterance of the four main characters of the movie Straight Outta Compton, which are Ice Cube, Dr. Dre, PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

Eazy-E, and Jerry Heller as the data. From the data, the writer will describe the contextual meaning of the utterance to determine the reason why they use those utterance from the scope of the character’s sociolinguistic background.

B. Problem Formulation

The problems are formulated as follows

1. What is the contextual meaning of the swear words uttered by the four main

characters of F. Gary Gray’s Straight Outta Compton?

2. What is the reason for the four main characters of Straight Outta Compton

to produce those swear words?

C. Objectives of the Study

This study focuses on the swear words that are uttered by the four main characters of Straight Outta Compton movie. There are two objectives that the writer is trying to achieve by conducting this study. The objectives are to find the contextual meaning of the swear words uttered by the four main characters of the movie and to look for the reason behind uttering those swear words.

D. Definition of Terms

In order to avoid confusion, the writer will describe some terms that will be used in this study.

Among the many theories about sociolinguistics, this study applies Holmes’

(2013, p. 2) definition about the material which says that sociolinguistics is a study PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

that studies the relationship between language and society. According to Holmes also, sociolinguists are concerned in identifying the social functions of language and the ways it is used to convey social meaning.

According to Anderrson and Trudgill, swear word is a type of language use in which the expressions; (a) refers to something that is taboo and/or stigmatized in the culture; (b) should not be interpreted literally; (c) can be used to express strong emotions and attitudes (1991, p. 53). Following this statement, Anderrson and

Trudgill also state that a swear word has three criteria: it contains taboo words, it does not retain a literal meaning, and it is an emotive language.

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CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

This chapter discusses the basic theoretical concepts that is used as the foundation of the analysis, namely review of related studies, review of related theories, and theoretical framework. In review of related theories, the writer discusses previous researches and journal articles that study swear words as the main point. In the review of related theories, the writer presents the theories that are used in this study. The last part is theoretical framework that discusses the reasons why the theories are needed and related to the writer’s present study.

A. Review of Related Studies

In order to help the writer to fully understand the study, the writer will use some studies that had previously conducted as the reference to this present study.

The first study is by Erlinawati (2018) entitled “Swear Words and Reasons for

Using Them in David Mamet’s Glengarry Glen Ross”. In her study, Erlinawati focused on classifying the types of swear words which are produced by the five main characters in Glengarry Glen Ross and the reason why the swear words are produced in the dialogue. From Erlinawati’s study, the writer found that there are four types of swear words that are used in Glengarry Glen Ross play which are

Epithet, Profanity, Vulgarism, and Obscenity. It is also stated in her study that

Obscenity is the type of swear word that is used the most in the play. Other than that, according to Erlinawati,

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the reason in which the five main characters of Glengarry Glen Ross used swear words the most is to get attention.

The similarity between Erlinawati’s study and this study is that both of the studies study the swear words that are uttered by the characters of the literary work and both are employing sociolinguistics approach to solve the problem formulation.

Meanwhile, the first difference between the two studies is that this study uses movie script as its object. Second, this study is focused on not only the types and reasons for uttering the swear words but also in finding the contextual meaning of the swear words that are uttered.

The second related study is by Rizky (2018) entitled “The Functions of

Slang Words by the Main and Minor Characters in Mad about Millie Vol. 1 and

Deadpool VS Old Man Logan Comic Books”. The objectives of Rizky’s study are to find the contextual meaning of the slang words found in Mad about Millie Vol. 1 and Deadpool vs Old Man Logan comic books and the functions of the slang words that are uttered. In her study, Rizky (2018) found the contextual meaning of the slang words in the two comic books by identifying the social factors of the conversation first. Then, after finding the social factors, Rizky (2018) determined the slang words’ contextual meaning with the help of a dictionary. In the particular related study, Rizky (2018) also found two functions in using slang words in comic books, which are to achieve politeness and emotive feeling.

The similarity between Rizky’s study and this study is from the type of study. Both studies are trying to find the meaning of certain words contextually by using the approach of sociolinguistics. On the other hand, the difference lies in the PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

object of the study. Rizky used slang words as her data in the study, but in this study, the writer focused only on the swear words that are uttered by the four main characters in Straight Outta Compton movie.

The third related study is a journal article by Finn (2017) entitled “Swearing:

The good, the bad & the ugly”. This journal article discusses a curriculum about swearing as a part of an Adult ESL course at Concordia University. This journal article is written in order to describe the good and the bad things of expressing swear words. In her study, the functions and prevalence of swearing are discussed, including the level of exposure that her students face. In the conclusion of her study,

Finn states that swearing has positive and negative effects, which ultimately depend on the circumstances. She also mentions that there is a changing attitude towards the use of taboo words in workplace and in social situations. Other than that, the study also describes types of taboo words that can trigger negative emotions. The writer uses this journal article as a pinpoint to help strengthen the analysis of swear words in F. Gary Gray’s Straight Outta Compton through sociolinguistic approach.

The fourth is a journal article by Goddard (2015) entitled “Swear words and curse words in Australian (and American) English. At the crossroads of pragmatics, semantics, and sociolinguistics”. This study discusses an integrated semantic- pragmatic approach to the use of “swear words” and “curse (cuss) words” and to demonstrate the viability of the two approaches by proposing specific analysis of a sample of English swearing expressions and usages. In the study, Goddard uses both PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

semantic (via semantic explications) and pragmatic (via cultural scripts) approaches. In the final of the study, it is indicated that swear words carry a significant functional load in personal and interpersonal management of emotion, as well as fulfilling important social functions. The meanings of swear words stand in need of explication to assist with delimiting the object of the study and articulate the culture-internal conceptualizations. Other than that, swearing involves speaker awareness of the particular words being used and ethno-metapragmatic knowledge about the status of the swear words in the community of discourse.

The article by Goddard has some similarities with the writer’s current study.

Both of the studies studied swear words and the meaning of swear words. Goddard’s article helps the writer to understand the use of pragmatic as the basic knowledge in order to find the contextual meaning of swear words that the writer analyzes.

Therefore, the present study develops Goddard’s study in finding the meaning of curse words by finding the reason for uttering swear words. The reason is seen through the cultural and social condition of the characters that the writer will be focusing on.

B. Review of Related Theories

This part of the study presents the theories that are used to answer the problems of the study. It starts with the theory of sociolinguistics and will be focused on the theory of swear words which will be used to describe the contextual meaning and reason for swearing by the four main characters of F. Gary Gray’s

Straight Outta Compton. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

1. Sociolinguistics

According to Wardhaugh (2010), sociolinguistics is concerned with investigating the relationships between language and society with the goal being a better understanding of the structure of language and of how languages function in communication; the equivalent goal in the sociology of language is trying to discover how social structure can be better understood through the study of language. Adding to that notion, Holmes (2013) also comprises it as a study that studies the relationship between language and society.

According to Holmes (2013), there are social factors that become the basic components in sociolinguistics explanations of the reason why people speak differently and why people do not speak in the same way all of the time. Those social factors are scattered into three points, which are participants, the setting or social context of the interaction, and topic. The participant has the function to see who is speaking and whom they are speaking to. While in the setting or social context of the interaction, people will find out where they are speaking to. Finally, in the topic, people are being able to see what is being talked about.

2. Literal and Contextual Meaning

According to Recanati (2004), there are two levels of meaning, bottom and top. The bottom level focuses on “what is said” which stops in the literal meaning of the utterance, whereas top level focuses on “what is implied” which goes deeper in it to seek the implication of a word. Recanati (2004) also states that literal meaning is context-independent while contextual meaning is context-dependent. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

Therefore, it can be concluded that context has an important role in defining meaning.

Contextual meaning contains the implication of a word. Dash (2008) proposes four types of context in which contextual meaning can be identified. The first one is local context, which refers to the immediate circle of the keyword. The second one is sentential context, which refers to the next circle immediately beyond the local context or that exact keyword. The third one is topical context that refers to the broader circle beyond the sentence level. It concerns the things outside of the sentence which is the topic of the discussion. The last one is global context which refers to the world at large outside of the object. These four types of contexts are the stages that are needed to determine the contextual meaning of a word.

3. Swear Words

Swear word is often thought to be used by those of the lower class, but as time goes by, swear words can be found in any social class. Swear words have become a daily basis to be spoken to in social groups. In an article by Finn (2017, p.18) it is even said that swearing is used in conversation almost as often as personal pronouns such as I, we, or our. Anderrson and Trudgill (1991, p. 53) define swear word as

a type of language use in which the expressions; (a) refer to something that is taboo and/or stigmatized in the culture; (b) should not be interpreted literally; (c) can be used to express strong emotions and attitudes.

Ljung (2011, p. 8), then, states four criteria in which swearing is constituted.

The first is that swearing is the use of utterances containing taboo words. Second, PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

the taboo words are used with non-literal meaning. Third, many utterances that constitute swearing are subject to severe lexical, phrasal and syntactic constraints, which suggest that most swearing qualifies as formulaic language. The last one is swearing is an emotive language: its main function is to reflect, or seem to reflect, the speaker’s feelings and attitudes. From the criteria, it can be concluded that swearing can’t be interpreted literally, which mean that a swear word holds a few other meaning depending on the situation.

Allan and Burridge (2006, p. 76) also define swearing as an act of insulting and deprecating an object of abuse. That being said, someone who is swearing to other people is one of an immoral behavior and need to be organized based on the situation of the society. Adding to that notion, Allan and Burridge (2006, p. 77) also say that the parameter of swearing between participants is determined by social distances such as their mutual (un)familiarity, comparative ages, genders and sociocultural backgrounds. Thus this description by Allan and Burridge complete

Ljung’s perspective in which swear words are used.

The amount of swear words varies from one area to another. From this many amounts of swear words, Pinker (as cited in Finn, 2017, p. 18), then, categorizes swearing into two, which are propositional and non-propositional. Propositional swearing includes dysphemistic, abusive, idiomatic, and emphatic swearing, whereas non-propositional swearing includes cathartic swearing. According to

Pinker (as cited in Finn, 2017, p. 18), propositional swearing is often used by speakers that are aware of their usage and ultimately have an objective. In other words, propositional swearing is used by those who have a reason and an objective PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

to swear. On the other hand, non-propositional swearing is used to relieve tension, increase one’s tolerance for pain or startle, or intimidate an attacker.

Pinker (2007, p. 350) concludes that propositional swearing is divided into four types, which are dysphemistic, abusive, idiomatic, and emphatic.

Dysphemistic swearing is used when a taboo word is chosen rather than a neutral term. Dysphemistic swearing happens when instead of stating the word mental institution, someone uses loony bin. This is used to emphasize the emotions that the speaker is conveying to the listener. It can be said that dysphemistic is the direct opposite euphemistic which allows the speaker to talk about unpleasant things and disguise or neutralize the unpleasantness.

The second one is abusive swearing which considered to be rude when it is used to intimidate or humiliate someone. Its goal is to bully or gain power. Abusive swearing can be expressed in metaphors such as in the sentence You dress like a slut! and Why don’t you go fuck yourself?!.

The next one is idiomatic swearing that is used to gain attention. This type of swearing can be used to express dominance or strengthen a relationship. Pain in the ass is an example of the idiomatic swearing utterance. The last one is the emphatic swearing.

Finally, the last one is emphatic swearing which can be used to emphasize something. It is often used to promote social harmony, to express that someone is doing well, or it can be used to intensify a word used to describe an event or person PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

in a negative or positive way. The example of emphatic swearing can be seen in phrases such as fucking cool!, great as fuck!, fucking dope!.

4. Reasons for Swearing

In this day and age swearing becomes a more common activity. But, for some societies that lie outside the circle of people who uttered swear words, swearing might be considered as an impolite act. Therefore, Wardhaugh (2010, p.

250) suggests four reasons for swearing; to draw attention to oneself, to show contempt, to provoke, and to mock authority. Another reason by Allan (2018, p. 36) is also put in by the writer to finalize the theory, which is to intensify. a. To Draw Attention to Oneself

Swearing is the kind of activity that produces bad words that are often taboo.

However, it is still frequently used by society. Some people are doing this swearing activity to attract attention from others. It happens because people who swear want to show their power and strong character. McEdwards, as cited in Rothwell (1971, p. 233), explains that people need to gain attention by using strong, passionate language whose connotations evoke an immediate emotional response to the listeners. By swearing, people want to give a strong connotation to the listener so that society will listen and respect them. b. To Show Contempt

Rothwell (1971, p. 233) states that people who swear are not satisfied with the public image of a certain person, institution, and government. Further, he adds that swearing is a symbol of rebellion against the power structure or authority.

Following the mind of the agitator who swears, the system that is created by the PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

authority perpetuates injustice. Thus, the example of using swear words are to show contempt towards someone or something is the use of the word pigs to address polices. c. To Provoke

Rothwell (1971, p. 234) believes that swearing is the most effective rhetorical method available to agitators for inciting bad vibes and violent responses.

Furthermore, Buss, as cited by Rothwell, also says that uttering foul words represent the most intense verbal aggression. Swearing plays an important role to make someone mad, which mostly leads to violence. Thus, Rothwell, in his journal article refer that verbal foulness or swear words are often used to provoke people and community. d. To Mock Authority

Ljung (2011,p. 4) states that one of the criteria of swearing is to function as a reflection of the speaker’s feelings or attitudes toward something. In this case, that attitude is directed to show dissatisfaction toward public figures like the government or other institutions. People swear to mock authority because of the disturbance the authority created. It resembles their disappointment toward the negative performance of the authority. Subject to this case, the authority often serves as policemen. It is seen from the word pigs that refer to crooked policemen. e. To Intensify

As Andersson and Trudgill (1991, p. 53) say, swearing conveys strong emotions and attitudes. In delivering these emotive feelings people utter swear words in order to intensify the meaning they are conveying to the listener. This goes PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

in line with what Allan (2018, p. 40) says. Allan concludes that swear words can boost the pragmatic force of what the speaker is trying to do and raise the emotional temperature of the exchange. Furthermore, Allan also adds that swear word intensification does not rely on the addition of a word but can be achieved through word choice.

C. Theoretical Framework

In this part of the study, the writer discusses the importance of the theories that will be used to answer the problem formulation. The problem formulation of this study consists of two questions, which are “What is the contextual meaning of the swear words uttered by the four main characters of F. Gary Gray’s Straight

Outta Compton?” and “What is the reason for the four main characters of Straight

Outta Compton to produce those swear words?”.

In order to answer the first question of the study which talks about the contextual meaning of swear words that were uttered by the four main characters of F. Gary Gray’s Straight Outta Compton, the writer uses Holmes’ (2013) theory of sociolinguistics. Her theory of social factors that determine the difference in the way people talk then will help the writer to determine the swear words in meaning through Dalzell (2018). The condensed information about the swear words through the context later helps the writer to discern the contextual meaning of the swear words.

After finding the contextual meaning of the swear words that were uttered by the four main characters of F. Gary Gray’s Straight Outta Compton, the writer uses the theory of the reason for swearing by Wardhaugh (2010) with an additional PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

reason from Allan (2018). The theory of swearing reason by Wardhaugh and Allan will later be helped by Pinker’s (2007) category of swearing. Pinker’s swearing category will help the writer to deduce what category does a swear word belong to and strengthen the understanding of that exact swear word in term of function and reason. Thus, it is combined with Wardhaugh and Allan’s reasons for swearing.

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CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter consists of three parts. The first part is the object of the study which describes the object or the data of the study. The second is approach of the study that delivers the approached that is used to analyze the object of the study.

The last part is the method of the study which presents the procedures in analyzing the study.

A. Object of the Study

The objects of the study were the swear words in a movie directed by F.

Gary Gray entitled Straight Outta Compton. The writer used swear words that were uttered by the four main characters of the movie. These characters were Ice Cube,

Dr. Dre, Eazy-E, and Jerry Heller. Ice Cube, Dr. Dre, and Eazy-E were the members of an 80’s Gangsta Rap group called Niggaz Wit Attitude or N.W.A. for short, and

Jerry Heller was their manager. Thus, all utterances related to swear words produced by the four main characters of the movie when they were talking to other characters were taken as the data. The writer focused on the sociolinguistic element that was essential to the movie. In order to give a clearer vision upon the expressions, the writer provided the dialogues in which swear words are used.

Straight Outta Compton was an American biographical-drama movie that was released in 2015. It was directed by F. Gary Gray and was produced by a few members of N.W.A. which were Ice Cube and Dr. Dre. It was a lengthy movie with

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a duration of more than two hours. The movie even won the 2016 BET Award for

Best Movie category said Kile (2016) and Dove (2016) said in his article that the movie was nominated for the best original screenplay in 2016’s Oscar.

B. Approach of the Study

In order to examine the problem formulation of this study, which focused on the contextual meaning of swear words and the reasons behind swearing those swear words, the writer used sociolinguistics approach as the base of this study.

Meyerhoff (2011,p. 1) agrees that sociolinguistics is a study about how individual speakers use language and how people use language differently in different towns or regions. Thus, the focus of this study will be on how an individual speaker uses language, or in this case, swear words. Adding to that notion, Holmes

(2013, p. 9) comes in with the basis that there are three basic points in which people speak differently. The three basic points are the social relationship between participants, the setting or social context of the interaction, and the topic. Therefore, with those points of the sociolinguistics approach, the writer is helped in deducing the contextual meaning of swear words that were uttered by the four main characters of Straight Outta Compton.

C. Method of the Study

This part of the study is divided into two smaller sections, which are data collection and data analysis. In the data collection, the writer describes how the data of the study is collected. In the data analysis, the writer explains the steps that are used to analyze the data of this study.

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1. Data Collection

The data of this study were taken from the screenplay of a movie that was directed by F. Gary Gray entitled Straight Outta Compton. Thus, in order to collect the data, the writer used textual analysis. McKee (2003) defines textual analysis as a way of gathering and analyzing information in academic research. He also adds that in textual analysis, the writer makes an educated guess at some of the most likely interpretations that might be made of that text.

This study focused on only the swear word utterances from the four main characters of the movie which were Ice Cube, Dr. Dre, Eazy-E, and Jerry Heller. Therefore, purposive sampling was applied in this study. Purposive sampling, according to

Etikan (2016), is a technique where a researcher decides what needs to be known and sets out to find people who can and are willing to provide the information by virtue of knowledge or experience. In this case, what the writer decided on analyzing was the conversation containing the swear word utterances from the four main characters. In order to add more depth to the analysis, the writer picked swear words that contained meanings and reasons that helped the reader to understand the storyline and the characteristics of the four main characters. At last, the writer has collected 149 swear words from the dialogue. The swear word utterances of the four main characters were chosen to indicate the difference between the swear words that were uttered by three individuals who came from the African-American descent and one individual who was White.

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2. Data Analysis

This study applied qualitative research method in analyzing the data. The result of the analysis was explained and described rather than numerical data. The analysis gives a depth understanding of the situation: what happened and why it happened.

In order to answer the first question of the study about the contextual meaning of the swear words that are being uttered by the four main characters of Straight Outta

Compton movie, first, the writer watched the movie, read the script of the movie, and grouped the swear words that were being uttered with the dialogue. The second thing that the writer did was searching for the meaning of those swear words from

Dalzell (2018) and the English Dictionary. Before the writer identified the contextual meaning, the writer analyze the linguistic context of the swear words by looking into Dalzell (2018). After that, the writer analyzed the contextual meaning of the swear words by analyzing the topic and the social relation between the main characters that uttered the swear words and the one which they were talking to in the conversation. Before moving to the analysis of the contextual meaning, the writer explained the context of the dialogue by briefly described the things that happened in the dialogue. Then, based on the topic and the social relation between the speaker and the listener, the writer deduced the contextual meaning of the swear words that were uttered. The following table shows the contextual meaning of a swear word uttered by the main character of Straight Outta Compton.

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Table 1 – Display of Contextual Meaning Analysis

Charact- Utterance Swear Pa- Social Topic Contextu- Co- er Words ge relati- al de on Meaning

TONE: Who is it? EAZY:Eric! Man,we been through this The activity of Eazy-E shit a Shit 1 Formal Knocking 1 thousand selling the door times. drugs

After finding the contextual meaning, the study continued in analyzing the reason behind the utterances of those swear words by the four main characters. The reason for swearing the swear words was identified based on Wardhaugh (2010).

Wardhaugh states four reasons in which people swear: to draw attention (TDA), to show contempt (TSC), to provoke (TP), and to mock authority (TMA). The writer added one more reason which was to intensify (TI) from Allan (2018) to complete the theory. The reasons for uttering the swear words were helped by the categorization of swear words by Pinker (2007) to further pointed out the function of the swear words that were uttered. The table below shows the reasons for uttering those swear words.

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Table 2 – Display of Reasons for Swearing Analysis

Swear Reason Character Utterance Page Code Words TDA TSC TP TMA TI TONE: Who is it?

Eazy-E EAZY:Eric! Man,we 1 been Shit 1 - ✓ - - - through this shit a thousand times.

In analyzing the data, the writer used certain codes that referred to the swear words analyzed to make it easier for the reader to understand the data. The writer used the code 1. The number 1 was used to indicate the data which in this case was the conversation that had swearing utterances from the four main characters. The code proceeded from 1, 2, 3, and so on to show the order of the occurences of the utterance.

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CHAPTER IV

ANALYSIS RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

This chapter presents the research findings. It discusses the research results and the data analysis regarding the problem formulation. There are two main discussions in this study. The first is the contextual meaning based on the social factors that define the meaning of the swear words that the characters utter. The second is the reason why the characters utter the swear words.

The first question focused on the contextual meaning of the swear words uttered by four main characters of Straight Outta Compton movie. The contextual meaning is deduced based on Holmes (2013) who explains that social factors are the reasons why people speak differently. These social factors are participants, social context, and topic. A few samples are presented in order to give a deeper understanding on the contextual meaning of the swear words that the main characters utter. These samples are picked based on the importance and influence they give to the story.

The second question is pointed at the reason why the main characters utter those swear words. In order to analyze the problem, the writer uses the theories from Wardhaugh (2013, p. 250) and Allan (2018, 36) to help identify the reasons for uttering the swear words.

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Table 3 – Main Characters’ Swear Word Utterances Main Characters Frequency Eazy-E 43 Ice Cube 40 Dr. Dre 52 Jerry Heller 14 Total 149

Based on the data that is shown in table 3, Dr. Dre is the one who utters the most swear words. He utters 52 swear words out of the 149 swear words that appear in the movie. Dr. Dre utters the most shit compared to other main characters, other than the shit he also utters muthafuckin and nuts. Eazy-E follows behind Dr. Dre with 43 swear words uttered. Eazy utters words such as pussy, fucked, and bitch.

The third place is held by Ice Cube with 40 swear words uttered. The examples of swear words uttered by Ice Cube are faggot, muthafucka, and fuckin’. The person who utters the least swear words is Jerry Heller with 14 swear word utterances.

Jerry Heller utters words such as Jesus Christ, bastard, and goddammit.

A. The Contextual Meaning of Swear Words Uttered by the Four Main

Characters

1. Eazy-E

Eric Wright or better known as Eazy-E was a drug dealer. He came from an

African-American descent and lived in a dangerous hood in Compton, California.

Compton was famous for its gang activity and crime. He dropped out of high school in the tenth grade and continued his life by selling drugs. He was described as a man who is completely in his element. After the death of his cousin in the drug selling business, he decided to venture into the music industry with Dr. Dre.

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Table 4 – Contextual Meanings of Eazy-E’s Swear Words

Character Swear Page Social Topic Contextual Code Words relation Meaning

The girls Women who Eazy-E Bitches 2 Formal in the trade sex for dopehouse drug/coke 3 Eazy Eazy Eazy-E Shit 25 Intimate 41 recording rapping Eazy’s Male Eazy-E Faggot 133 Formal 146 diagnosis homosexual

3 EAZY: Do I look thirsty to you? (beat) Where my ends at? -- hands it to Tone who CRACKS it open. Drinks... TONE: Why you so ruthless, Eric, damn! You don’t want nothin’ to drink? What you want -- (re: the girls) -- you want some pussy? EAZY: Yep. But not from these strawberry bitches you got right here. (Straight Outta Compton, 2015, p. 2)

The participants in the dialogue above are Tone and Eazy-E, which are drug dealers in the middle of a transaction. In this scene, the context shows that Eazy-E is irritated by Tone’s action which can be considered slow and prolonging the transaction. Eazy-E wants to get paid directly after giving Tone the “bag” and leave immediately. Drug dealing is a dangerous job, that is why being effective and efficient is everything. Moreover, the dialogue takes place in a house that is used to store drugs.

Bitches is considered a swear word because it does not contain its literal meaning. Other than that, bitch is a word that is considered taboo. The words bitches in the conversation above have the literal meaning of a female dogs. While, it does not contain its literal meaning, it has the linguistic context of a woman. These strawberry bitches in the dialogue acts as a noun phrase and with the word PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

strawberry as an adjective, it modifies the meaning of bitches from just women into women who trade sex for drugs. Judging from the thing that happens in the scene, the contextual meaning of strawberry and bitches combined is women who trade sex for drugs, in this case, cocaine. In the conversation, Tone is trying to prolong the conversation by offering Eazy-E the women in the house to spend some time with. By this action, Tone is hoping that Eazy-E forgot and went easy on the payment. But, Eazy-E provokingly declines the offer. The relationship between

Tone and Eazy-E is only business, thus there is no room for friendly jokes or anything of the sort, strictly business.

41 DRE: Just gimme the words. EAZY: Nigga what? DRE: Say that shit with me -- CRUISE-in - EAZY (animated): Dre, you know this shit is hopeless, right? DRE: That! See how you just said that shit? Like you believe it! (Straight Outta Compton, 2015, p. 25)

The conversation above is between Eazy-E and Dr. Dre. Eazy-E was a drug dealer trying to build a new business, whereas Dr. Dre is an artist/producer partnering up with Eazy-E in the music industry. They are relatively new in the business, except that Dr. Dre was a DJ in a club before venturing into the music business. Therefore, Eazy-E and Dr. Dre have an intimate relationship. The conversation happens inside their studio when the artists (HBO) that Dr. Dre hired bails on them because Dr. Dre’s music does not match HBO’s persona.

Shit is considered as a swear word in the context above because it does not contain its literal meaning and it refers to a taboo word. Shit cannot be interpreted literally, because the context above changes the implication of shit. The word shit PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

has the literal meaning of feces. Furthermore, shit contains a meaning that is used to refer to something. From the dialogue above this shit acts as a noun phrase and the word hopeless is a compliment to describe shit. According to Dalzell (2018), shit has a lot of meanings, one of them is things which acts as shit’s linguistic context. Due to that, shit in the conversation above has the contextual meaning of

Eazy-E’s rapping to Dr. Dre’s beat. In this context, Eazy-E says it because he has no experience in rapping, but Dr. Dre still insists for him to try and rap in the booth.

146 DOCTOR: The normal T-cell count is anywhere between 500 and 1500. Right now, your T-cell count is... 14. Tomica just stands there, mouth agape, speechless. Eazy’s smile slowly fades to a look of pure dread. EAZY: But I ain’t no faggot. DOCTOR: Mr. Wright, there are actually quite a few ways that the virus can be transmitted (Straight Outta Compton, 2015, p. 133)

The word faggot appears in the conversation between Eazy-E and a doctor.

It happens in the hospital where Eazy-E is being treated. In the dialogue, it is described that Eazy-E is told by the doctor that he has AIDS. The doctor-patient relationship makes it that Eazy and the doctor has a formal relationship.

Even though faggot is a noun it acts as a complement which describe the subject who is I and contains its literal meaning in the dialogue above, it can be considered as a swear word because of two reasons. First, it refers to something taboo. Second, it is used to express strong emotions and attitudes which is shown in how he expresses his surprise upon hearing the doctor’s diagnosis. The strong emotion that is meant is Eazy-E’s disbelief of the fact that he is infected by HIV.

Faggot has the literal meaning of a male homosexual. In the case of the PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

conversation above, faggot still contains its literal meaning and linguistic context as a male homosexual. Eazy-E utters the swear word because he believes that the

HIV virus can only be transferred by sexual intercourse between men. It shows his disbelief towards the doctor’s findings.

2. Ice Cube

Ice Cube was the only N.W.A. member who had an educational degree despite being an African-American. He finished high school and studied architectural drafting. He later came back to Los Angeles and made a music group called C.I.A. with his friend Sir Jinx before being a part of N.W.A. Born as O’Shea

Jackson, he lost his sister because of a policeman. This was what brought out Ice

Cube’s hatred toward the police. He served as N.W.A.’s songwriter and main performer.

Table 5 – Contextual Meanings of Ice Cube’s Swear Words

Character Swear Page Social Topic Contextual Code Words relation Meaning

Commenting Cube on his block Ice Cube Bitch 11 Intimate friend’s friends’ joke 7 mom mockery

Eazy fucks Soft, Ice Cube Faggot 85 Intimate NWA up 100 homosexual to lull someone into a false

sense of

Ice Cube Sandbag 99 Formal A bad security, 117 interview and then suddenly attack them

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7 BLOCK DUDE 1: Aw shit, here comes Doug E. Fresh! BLOCK DUDE 2: Hell naw, that's Kurtis mothafuckin Blow. Only rapper with a Jheri curl. ICE CUBE: Fuck you niggas. I'm about to go write a rap about yo’ drunk ass Momma. That bitch looks like The Egyptian Lover. (Straight Outta Compton, 2015, p. 11)

The conversation above happens between Ice Cube and some dudes that live around his neighborhood. The conversation happens when Ice Cube is walking toward his friend’s house located in front of Ice Cube’s house. The exchange of swearing and mockery between them shows that they have an intimate relationship with each other.

The dialogue has that bitch as a noun phrase and it also has The Egyptian

Lover as a complement to modify bitch. The word bitch has the literal meaning of a female dog, whereas the contextual meaning of bitch in that conversation refers to the Block Dudes’ mom(s). According to Dalzell (2018), the word bitch carries the meaning of a woman, that is why bitch refers to the Block Dudes’ mom(s). This explains why bitch is considered a swear word in the dialogue above. Bitch does not contain its literal meaning of female dog and is used to express a strong attitude to Ice Cube’s friends.

When the Block Dudes see Ice Cube passes them on the road, they immediately say some names like Doug E. Fresh and Kurtis Blow who refer to

Black American rappers in the 1980s. It shows that Ice Cube already has some reputation for being a rapper in his hood. Block Dude 2 also mentions Jheri Curl which is Ice Cube’s hairstyle at that moment. It is meant as a joke mockery to Ice

Cube. That is why Ice Cube replies by using a swear word to refer to their moms. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

Ice Cube also equalizes their moms to an American musician, The Egyptian Lover to even up the musical mock references.

100 CUBE: You little maggot, Eazy E turned faggot. With your manager, fella, fuckin’ MC Ren, Dr. Dre, and Yella. But if they were smart as me, Eazy E would be hangin’ from a tree. With no vaseline, just a match and a little bit of gasoline. Light 'em up, burn 'em up, flame on. Til that Jheri curl is gone. On a permanent vacation, off the Massa plantation. Heard you both got the same bank account -- Dumb nigga, what you thinkin’ about? Get rid of that Devil real simple: put a bullet in his temple. Cuz you can't be the Nigga 4 Life crew with a white Jew tellin’you what to do -- Jerry looks absolutely livid, while Eazy just looks caught off guard. Jerry gets up and TURNS OFF the music -- YELLA: That shit’s kinda funny. (Straight Outta Compton, 2015, p. 85)

The lines above are Ice Cube’s response to Dr. Dre, Eazy-E, DJ Yella, and

MC Ren’s diss track about him. So, it makes Ice Cube, Dr. Dre, Eazy-E, DJ Yella, and MC Ren as the participants. At this point, Ice Cube has begun working solo without any business with N.W.A. That is why these lines show the intimate relationship of the five of them. For Ice Cube delivers the things that happen inside

N.W.A. through his point of view towards his former brothers. This scene takes place in Ice Cube’s personal studio.

The linguistic context of the dialogue above starts with Eazy-E as the noun that is modifed by faggot which acts as the complement in that clause. Faggot in the conversation above contains more than its literal meaning. That is why it can be considered a swear word. Other than not only containing its literal meaning, it is also used to show Ice Cube’s strong emotion and attitude towards his ex N.W.A. members. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

The word faggot’s literal meaning is a homosexual man, but in these special lines, faggot does not only mean a homosexual man, but it also carries the meaning of a soft and weak man. In this case, Ice Cube considers Eazy-E as a weak man because Eazy-E is being controlled by his manager, Jerry Heller. Thus, causing DJ

Yella, MC Ren, and Dr. Dre to get in the same hole as Eazy-E. Faggot, in these lines also has the meaning of a male homosexual. In this case, Ice Cube considers that Eazy-E is fucking in a sexual way with MC Ren, Dr. Dre, and DJ Yella in words. But, Ice Cube’s ultimate goal is to say that Eazy-E causes harm financially and by time, mentally to the other three N.W.A. members.

117 JOURNALIST: What’s your relationship with the Nation of Islam? Cube just smiles, shakes his head. CUBE: There my brothers. That question alone just proves how unprepared of a "sandbag reporter" you really are. You wanna talk about AntiSemitism? Then it’s “Black Korea,” and now you wanna talk about the Nation of Islam? Seriously, man. What's your agenda? You can't focus on one thing? Ask me something interesting. I'm not an elected official. I'm an artist. You haven't asked me one damn question about music. I'm America's conscience. I represent the good, the bad and the ugly. What you represent? (Straight Outta Compton, 2015, p. 99)

The dialogue above shows an interview between Ice Cube and CNN’s journalist. Based on the interview – interviewee condition, Ice Cube, and the journalist have a formal relationship. It happens in Ice Cube’s backyard. The fact that the interview is held in his backyard shows how important of a man Ice Cube is now. He has climbed the social ladder from bottom to top. According to Ice Cube, they are supposed to be talking about the Rodney King accident where an unarmed motorist was beaten up by four L.A.P.D. policemen. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

The dialogue shows that Ice Cube is displeased by the off-topic questions the journalist asks. The journalist focuses on what Ice Cube does in his seemly

“racist” songs rather than the main topic, the Rodney King incident. Thus, Ice Cube uses the word sandbag to describe the reporter.

Sandbag is considered a swear word because it meets the two criteria of being a swear word. First, it does not contain its literal meaning. Lastly, it carries

Ice Cube’s strong emotion and attitude towards the reporter. In this case, that strong emotion is an annoyance. Furthermore, sandbag reporter is a noun phrase in that sentence. Sandbag acts as a noun modifier for the reporter, because sandbag is used to describe the reporter. Sandbag has the literal meaning of a bag filled with sands.

But in the dialogue above, it is used as a swear word to show Ice Cube’s emotion, which means it has a different meaning. Therefore, according to Dalzell (2018), the contextual meaning of sandbag is someone who lulls someone into a false sense of security and attacks them. In this case, Ice Cube is attacked by the journalist by asking questions about his songs and not about the incident. By questioning Ice

Cube those questions, the journalist wants to target the more “controversial” topic about Ice Cube’s racist lines towards Jerry Heller. It shows how something important to Black people is not exposed enough.

3. Dr. Dre

Born as an African-American with the name Andre Romelle Young, Dr. Dre lived in the famously hood filled with gang activity and crime, Compton, California.

He graduated high school by also focusing on his social life and entertainment.

After high school, he began to work as a DJ in a club owned by Lonzo Williams. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

Dr. Dre became familiar with Ice Cube because of Sir Jinx who was Ice Cube’s friend and Dr. Dre’s cousin. Afterward, he began venturing into the music business with fellow Compton man, Eazy-E and started N.W.A.

Table 6 – Contextual Meanings of Dr. Dre’s Swear Words

Swear Social Contextual Character Page Topic Code Words relation Meaning

Calling Ice Dr. Dre Emphatic Cube to Muthafuckin 17 Intimate intensifyer the stage 14 Dr. Dre Shit 22 Intimate Persuading Music 31 Eazy business Quitting Dr. Dre Fuck 141 Formal Something Death 148 of no value Row

14 ON STAGE. Cube appears next to Dre, who’s cuing up a new record. He stops the music, grabs the mic: DRE: Compton! I got my homie -- he's about to get his rhyme on for y’all! Give it up for Ice muthafuckin' Cube! (Straight Outta Compton, 2015, p. 17)

In the dialogue above, Dr. Dre is still working as a DJ for a guy named

Lonzo. As a DJ, he has the task to hype the crowd up. Thus, the lines above show

Dr. Dre’s communication with the crowd, which makes the intimate relationship between Dr. Dre and the crowd. In this case, it makes Dr. Dre and the crowd the participants of this communication. The intimate relationship between Dr. Dre and the crowd is the thing that makes Dr. Dre able to control the vibe of the crowd. As for the conversation above, Dr. Dre is hyping the crowd to welcome his friend Ice

Cube, an MC that already has a reputation around his hood.

The word muthafuckin’ should be written as motherfucking. This fact shows

Dr. Dre’s characteristic in uttering a swear word. As for the motherfucking in the PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

dialogue above, it actually has the linguistic meaning as an emphasis. Thus, it is used by Dr. Dre solely for the purpose of hyping Ice Cube’s name, to show that Ice

Cube really has the skill. In other word, muthafuckin’ acts as a noun modifier which modifies Ice Cube.

31 DRE: Interestin’? Tell me this, how long you think that shit you doin’ gonna last, huh? You ever heard of a happy ending in that game? EAZY: Shit, man, this all comin’ from the nigga I just bailed out. DRE: Listen, if you can slang dope, you can slang records. You got a mind for this shit, E. EAZY: Okay so what then -- That nigga last night? Is that what we doin’? (Straight Outta Compton, 2015, p. 22)

The conversation above happens between Dr. Dre and Eazy-E. It happens after Eazy-E bails Dr. Dre out from the prison. They met for the first time in a while in the club where Ice Cube performed. After that, Dr. Dre got into a mess for helping his brother, Tyree. That is where Eazy-E comes in with the pick-up. Back in the club, Dr. Dre and Eazy-E had a small talk about some changes in profession. Eazy-

E is a drug dealer while Dr. Dre wants to be free creating his own sounds and music.

The trust Eazy-E and Dr. Dre have for telling their vision and bailing Dr. Dre out of prison shows that they have an intimate relationship. That is why Eazy-E brings up the other night’s topic again on the road.

While they are driving, Eazy-E brings up what Dr. Dre said the other night about putting some money in the music business. Eazy-E, then, states his answer which is only “interesting”. Dr. Dre is not satisfied with Eazy-E’s answer, because he knows Eazy-E is the one that has money. That is why Dr. Dre continues to pursue him, to increase Eazy-E’s interest. That is when Dr. Dre swears the word shit. The noun phrase a mind in the dialogue is used to describe shit. Shit has the literal PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

meaning of a feces. Furthermore, shit in its linguistic context is used as a reference to something. Thus, in the dialogue above, it has the contextual meaning of music business. In this particular case, when Dr. Dre says You got a mind for this shit, E.

Shit is a reference to what they are talking about, which is music business.

Therefore, it also shows that shit is used as a swear word in the dialogue. Because shit in the dialogue cannot be interpreted literally, is a reference to something taboo, and is used to express Dr. Dre’s strong passion.

148 SUGE: You ain’t takin nobody with you. Death Row stays Death Row. And if you even think about touching my money? You know how I handle shit. DRE: Do what you gotta do. I’m still out. SUGE: You’re not gettin none of it. DRE: I don't give a fuck-- You can't put a price on peace of mind. So you can keep the artists, the money, the masters and the bullshit. I’m startin’ my own thing. (Straight Outta Compton, 2015, p. 141)

The dialogue above happens in the conference room of Death Row Records, their record label. The conversation is between Dr. Dre and Suge Knight, the founder of Death Row Records. This explains why they have an intimate relationship with each other. But, the conversation above shows that Dr. Dre is done with Suge Knight and his goons. It shows that Dr. Dre wants to quit the label. The thing that triggers Dr. Dre’s action is how Suge Knight and his people do things.

They do not show any respect to their artists and their works. It can be seen in F.

Gary Gray’s Straight Outta Compton script on page 117. The event that happens in the scene was when Tupac was recording and grinding in the studio, Suge Knight and his people were partying and having fun. The thing that triggered Dr. Dre at that moment was the firing of a gun. This then filled Dr. Dre with rage and he went PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

speeding in his car. That was when the police captured him for speeding and sentenced him for 112 days in prison.

In the dialogue above, Dr. Dre utters fuck in the phrase I don’t give a fuck.

Fuck is considered a swear word because it refers to something that is taboo.

Furthermore, because of the context which it is used, fuck does not contain its literal meaning and it also expresses Dr. Dre’s feeling towards what Suge Knight says.

Fuck has the literal meaning of ruining something or having sexual intercourse. Dalzell (2018) on another hand, states that there are a few more meanings regarding the word fuck. In the case that happens in the dialogue, Dr. Dre uses fuck that has the contextual meaning of something of no value. Before Dr. Dre utters that word, Suge Knight says that Dr. Dre will not get anything from the label, including the artists and the money. That is why Dr. Dre says I don’t give a fuck, to show that the money and the Death Row in Suge Knight’s vision means nothing to him and it is ok.

4. Jerry Heller

Jerry Heller was a Jew-caucasian middle-aged guy who worked in the entertainment industry. He met Eazy-E for the first time in Macola Records receiving area where Eazy-E collected his records. After their encounter, Jerry

Heller acted as N.W.A’s manager. He was far older than all of N.W.A. Other than that, he had been inside the entertainment industry for a long time. Before managing

N.W.A., he managed big artists such as Elton John and Pink Floyd. Therefore, he was the smartest and the wisest among N.W.A.

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Table 7 – Contextual Meanings of Jerry Heller’s Swear Words

Swear Social Contextual Character Page Topic Code Words relation Meaning Wheter or

not Jerry Touring by Jerry will go on Shit 46 Intimate the bus Heller by the tour 64 bus People held Jerry Assholes 65 Intimate Lecturing in contempt 86 Heller NWA (authority/ cops) Jerry Motherfucker 129 Formal A despised Arguing 142 Heller person

64 All the GROUP MEMBERS saying goodbye to their FAMILY, FRIENDS. JERRY’s there, too, along with Bryan Turner. BRYAN TURNER: So, are you going out with them? JERRY: Are you crazy? Had a enough of that shit in the 70's. I'll fly out a couple of times and check on'em. BRYAN TURNER: Well make sure everything goes smooth, okay? I have enough bad press with Tipper Gore and P.M.R.C. on my ass. I'm gonna have to put Parental Advisory stickers on all the records from now on – (Straight Outta Compton, 2015, p. 46)

The conversation above is between Jerry Heller and Bryan Turner. Both have an important role to N.W.A.’s success. Jerry Heller is the one who finds

N.W.A. and acts as their manager and Bryan Turner is the one who signs N.W.A. into his Priority Records label. At this point, N.W.A.’s album, Straight Outta

Compton, blows up already. The conversation happens in a park where N.W.A.’s tour bus will depart from. From the conversation between these two executives, it can be concluded that they have an intimate relationship through their artist, N.W.A.

Thus, swearing between them is nothing but normal. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

Jerry Heller says the word shit while he is talking with Bryan Turner. In the dialogue above, enough acts as an adverb which modifies the noun phrase that shit where shit serves as the head. Shit in the dialogue is showing Jerry Heller’s feeling about touring by bus. Shit has the literal meaning of a feces. Shit as a linguistic context is used to refer to something. That is why according to the context above, shit carries the meaning of touring by the bus. At first, when Eazy-E met Jerry

Heller, Eazy-E did not trust the guy. To gain Eazy-E’s trust, Jerry Heller told him that he once worked with big names such as Elton John, War, and Styx. It explains the fact he once toured with those artists back in the day. That is why Jerry Heller says to Bryan Turner that he had enough of living on the road while touring. Shit in the dialogue serves as a reference to what Jerry has to endure a long time ago, which is touring by the bus.

The dialogue above happens when Jerry Heller gives N.W.A. boys a lecture after what happened in Detroit. It shows that the participants in the conversation are

Jerry Heller and all of N.W.A. members. The Detroit incident happened when

N.W.A. performed their banned song entitled Fuck tha Police. The policemen have given them a warning about performing that exact song, but Ice Cube and the gang used that as a chance to show how police harassed them. Before the performance PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

even finished, the policemen rushed to the stage and captured all of N.W.A. members that include Eazy-E, Dr. Dre, Ice Cube, MC Ren, and DJ Yella. This shows the care Jerry Heller has for his artists, which shows their intimate relationship.

In his lecture, Jerry Heller inhibits N.W.A. members to do something that gives those assholes a reason to hurt them. Assholes is regarded as a swear word because it does not contain its literal meaning in the dialogue. Adding to that, Jerry

Heller also uses assholes to express his strong emotion towards what is happening to N.W.A. In the dialogue above the noun phrase these assholes acts as the head of the sentence which is modified by the adverb never that explains the noun phrase next to these assholes. Asshole has the literal meaning of a person’s anus. But, asshole has the linguistic context of someone held in contempt. Therefore, in Jerry

Heller lines, assholes is used to refer to authority or policemen. In another word,

Jerry Heller uses assholes as a way to show that he has a bad opinion toward the police that captured his artists. Jerry Heller’s lecture is also started because the news of N.W.A. being captured by the Detroit policemen has spread all over the news on television.

142 EAZY: Trust. God damn, that’s a word. Let me tell you somethin’, Jerry. Trust is a muthafucka. Jerry is now full-on YELLING at Eric, who remains calm. JERRY: Look, if what I’ve done is so illegal, why have I never been sued? I’m such a thief, such a liar, such a motherfucker, how come nobody’s come to collect? This is business. This is how it works. It’s not always pretty, but all of it, everything I’ve put into this company, my whole LIFE for all these years, it’s for you, Eric. Eazy absorbs this. Then -- EAZY: You’re fired, Jerry. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

(Straight Outta Compton, 2015, p. 129)

The dialogue above happens in Jerry’s house when Eazy-E wants to lay everything up. Jerry Heller and Eazy-E have the most intimate relationship out of any other N.W.A. members. It is because Eazy-E was the first one to meet Jerry

Heller. Also, even after the feud with Ice Cube and Dr. Dre, Eazy-E still trusts Jerry

Heller to represent him. Before coming to Jerry Heller’s house, Eazy-E asked

Tomica, his girlfriend, to check on all the documents and contracts between the two men. It turns out that what Ice Cube and Dr. Dre told Eazy-E was right. Jerry Heller really uses them from the start. The scene above holds the topic of tension between

Jerry Heller and Eazy-E.

Jerry Heller uses the word motherfucker in his conversation with Eazy-E. In the combined clause I am such a motherfucker, motherfucker acts as a complement to modify the subject I. Motherfucker has the literal meaning and linguistic context of a despicable person. As for the conversation above, motherfucker still carries a despicable person as the contextual meaning. Even though it still carries its literal meaning, motherfucker can still be considered as a swear word. That is because it still refers to something that is taboo and is used to express a strong emotion and attitude. In this case, Jerry Heller shows his strong emotion and attitude to argue with Eazy-E. The word occurs when Jerry Heller is stating his part of the story to

Eazy-E. He tries to explain that what he has done is not wrong. To strengthen his argument, he fires a strong swear word as motherfucker to further convince Eazy-

E. If Jerry Heller is such a despicable person, how come nobody sues him. That is where Jerry Heller is going with the conversation. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

From the discussion above, the writer concludes that Compton, as the setting where everything happens for Dr. Dre, Eazy-E, and Ice Cube is the biggest influence for their tendency of uttering swear words. As an area where gang violence and crime happen all the time, Compton pushes the people in it to show their strength. Thus, they use swear words as their medium. It proves what

Anderrson and Trudgill say about swear words being a medium to express strong emotions and attitudes is correct.

The frequency of swearing is also affected by the amount of education and experience that they received. It is seen from the amount of swear words that each of them utter. Ice Cube who received the most education had the least swearing frequency and Dr. Dre who only graduated from high school swears the most. Eazy-

E on the other hand, had been selling drugs since he dropped out of high school.

This activity pushes him to be calm and ready for anything.

In the case of Jerry Heller, who swears the least swear words among the four main characters, it is affected by his experience in living. Being in the entertainment industry for a long time, Jerry Heller had enough experience to undertand how the entertainment business works. If he says something controversial, it can be used to attack him by individuals with ill will. That is why Jerry Heller is shown to be more composed and rational. It influences the little frequency of swearing by Jerry Heller.

Even when he swears, it always happens when he is talking to Eazy-E, Dr. Dre, Ice

Cube, MC Ren, and DJ Yella. It is affected by the amount of time he has spent with them. After spending a lot of time with N.W.A., Jerry Heller sees how authority discriminates African-American people. It sparks a little bit of contempt toward PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

authority. It can be seen from 86 where Jerry Heller refers to the authority by using assholes.

Seeing further into the connection between swear words and social relations, the writer finds that the four main characters utter swear words mainly in a conversations where the social relationship between the participants are intimate.

Furthermore, shits are also used mainly in a conversation between participants that are intimate. It can be seen from the amount of shits the four main characters uttered in the movie. According to the data, Dr. Dre utters the most shits, because from the

52 swear words he uttered, 22 are shits. 21 of the shits that are uttered by Dr. Dre are directed to someone who has intimate social relation with him, while the other one is directed to someone who has formal social relation. This happens because social distances such as familiarity and age. In the case of shit, familiarity plays a big part because to understand the contextual meaning of shit the participants have to be familiar with each other. The same thing happens to the other three main characters. Eazy-E uttered 11 shits in total, but only two are given to people with formal social relation with him. In the case of Ice Cube, he uttered 6 shits. Out of those 6, five are directed to people with intimate social relation. While Jerry Heller on the other hand, only uttered shit two times. He only utter that word in the presence of people who have an intimate social relation with him.

Other than shit, fucks are uttered regardless of the social relation between the participants. This is proven by the amount of fucks that are uttered by the four main characters. Fucks are uttered quite fairly between people who have either intimate or formal social relation with the four main characters. From the data, PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

Eazy-E uttered 7 fucks. Out of those 7 fucks, three are given to people with formal social relation with him. Ice Cube also uttered 7 fucks, but only two are directed to someone with intimate social relation. Surprisingly, Dr. Dre uttered the same amount of fucks as Ice Cube and Eazy-E, which are 7. In the case of Dr. Dre, he directed four of his fucks towards people with intimate social relation. Jerry Heller on the other hand, only uttered four fucks and all of them are directed at people who are intimate with him.

B. The Reason for Using Swear Words by the Four Main Characters of

Straight Outta Compton Movie

In this section, the writer floors the reason for using swear words by the four main characters of Straight Outta Compton movie.

Table 8 – Reasons for Using Swear Words Reasons for Using Swear Words Frequency To Draw Attention to Oneself 60 To Show Contempt 39 To Provoke 16 To Mock Authority 7 To Intensify 27 Total 149

From the data in table 8, the reason in which swear words are used the most is to draw attention to oneself with 60 data. It follows by 39 swear words that are used to show contempt. The third reason is to intensify, which consists of 27 data.

After that, there are 16 data used to provoke. The least reason used in swearing is to mock authority with 7 total uses.

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1. To Draw Attention to Oneself

The conversation above happens between Dr. Dre and Eazy-E in their new studio. In the end, Eazy-E agrees with Dr. Dre’s idea to invest some money in the music business. The dialogue above happens when Dr. Dre’s artist, HBO, bails on them. The incident happens because the lyrics of the song are too hardcore for them and their future listeners. Thus, Dr. Dre suggests for Eazy-E to try and rap the lyrics that Ice Cube made. Eazy-E tried once, but it comes out very bad. But Dr. Dre is persistent for Eazy-E to try.

Eazy-E uses shit as a dysphemistic for him rapping to Dr. Dre’s beat. Shit has the reason to draw Dr. Dre’s attention that they will never make it if Eazy-E is the one rapping. Basically, the reason why Eazy-E says shit is for Dr. Dre to pay more attention to Eazy-E’s statement. Eazy-E wants to draw more attention from

Dr. Dre because Dr. Dre is not listening to him when he says that it will never work.

It is shown from how Dr. Dre pushes Eazy-E to keep on rapping to the lyrics. Shit has the contextual meaning of Eazy-E’s rapping to Dr. Dre’s beat in this particular dialogue. So, it says that Eazy-E wants to highlight his inability to rap will be the death of their investation, and it will never work. But, Dr. Dre still makes him rap and uses Eazy-E’s statement as an example to rap the lyrics. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

It turns out that Eazy-E has it in him, and he delivers the lyrics in that song perfectly. That first song that Eazy-E recorded has the title Boyz N Tha Hood. That song blew N.W.A.’s name off the roof. Thus, the meeting between a –once made it- manager, Jerry Heller, and Eazy-E is inevitable. Jerry Heller later will lead

N.W.A. into stardom. But, one member of N.W.A., Ice Cube, finds that Jerry

Heller’s way of handling business is suspicious. It can be seen from what Ice Cube says in;

88 CUBE: Y’all signed that Ruthless contract without a lawyer? REN: Yeah -- And we got paaaaaid! YELLA:For $75,000 dollars, I don't give a fuck what's in that contract! Dre and Ren chuckle at Yella’s candor. DRE: You ain’t signed? CUBE: Hell naw I ain’t signin’ that bullshit. Don’t y’all think it’s a little fucked up that Jerry won’t let us show it to nobody? That seem honest to y’all? If he offered us seventy-five thousand, he probably owes us double that. (to Ren) Thought we talked about this, dude? (Straight Outta Compton, 2015, p. 71)

The dialogue above shows Ice Cube’s disbelief towards his fellow N.W.A. members. Before talking to the others, Ice Cube met Jerry Heller. Jerry told Ice

Cube to sign a contract which Ice Cube had to sign to gain his wage from all the tours. Before Ice Cube signs the contract, he will not get his earnings. Whereas, being a smart guy that Ice Cube is, he wants to talk with some lawyers first before he signs the contract. Jerry would not let him do that.

After discovering that Dr. Dre, MC Ren, and DJ Yella had all signed the contract already, Ice Cube flips. He believed that all of his mates have the same mindset as his, but he was wrong. Therefore, he tries to draw the other’s attention towards Jerry Heller’s suspiciousness by using a strong swear word such as fucked PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

up as a dysphemistic to give greater power to the word. Fucked up, in this dialogue sense, carries the meaning of suspicious and wrong. That is why he uses the word as a question. Ice Cube intends to warn his N.W.A. fellows that what happened to him earlier was a sign that there is something wrong with Jerry Heller.

That incident causes Ice Cube to depart from N.W.A. and starts his solo career. Ice Cube turns to Bryan Turner, the head of Priority Records, to talk about some possibilities in the solo world. Bryan says that the solo career thing will not be as big as N.W.A. Even though Bryan Turner says that, Ice Cube still insists on doing everything solo. In the end, things turn out good for Ice Cube. His debut solo album AmeriKKKa’s Most Wanted blows up in the US. It makes Ruthless Record head, Eazy-E feels attacked as shown in

96 EAZY: That’s what I’m talkin’ about. Cube ain’t shit. DRE: How you figure? That record’s still the hottest shit out there. YELLA: For real. Cube killed it -- EAZY: That’s why we gotta go hard at him. We gonna look like some bitches if we just take that shit. (Straight Outta Compton, 2015, p. 79)

In the dialogue above, MC Ren is recording N.W.A.’s follow up album entitled Real Niggaz. Eazy-E looks content with MC Ren’s verse. Thus, he shows his satisfaction by saying that Cube ain’t shit. That sentence means that Ice Cube is nothing. It shows that Eazy-E still feels bigger and stronger than Ice Cube. But, Dr.

Dre and DJ Yella do not think that Ice Cube’s record is bad at all. Then, Eazy-E shows his true intention.

After hearing Dr. Dre and DJ Yella’s opinion about Ice Cube’s record, Eazy-

E fires the word bitches in the sentence that says We gonna look like some bitches PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

if we just take that shit. Bitches as a linguistic context refers to a woman. But in the context of that dialogue, it means weak men. Therefore, the word bitches is used as a dysphemistic to draw Dr. Dre and DJ Yella’s attention on this matter. It can be concluded that Eazy-E is showing the attitude of a worried man. It looks like he is afraid by what Ice Cube might become, the possibility that Ice Cube might become bigger than N.W.A. That is why Eazy-E is planning to draw their attention so that they can make a comeback track to show their superiority. This situation will later incite the Ice Cube diss song that leads to Ice Cube’s infamous diss track, No

Vaseline.

2. To Show Contempt

People who see something that goes the opposite of what they have planned often show their irritation by doing various things. One of those things is by swearing. Producing and uttering swear words are often used to show some kind of displeasure and anger toward something.

22 DRE: It’s fucked up. I’m too tall for that shit. Plus I got my woman and baby livin’ there. It's hard. But everybody can't do what you do. EAZY: Yeah, but what I do is playin’ out, fast. Muthafuckas are gettin’ locked up and laid down out here left and right. Time to make a few changes. (Straight Outta Compton, 2015, p. 19)

The dialogue above is a conversation between Eazy-E and Dr. Dre sharing about their livelihood and their condition. Dr. Dre with his condition of living in his cousin’s house on a couch and Eazy-E as a drug dealer. Dr. Dre is being kicked out because he always defies his mom’s command to go to school, and Eazy-E is almost caught by the police when he is selling drugs. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

The word muthafuckas in the dialogue above expresses the discontent Eazy-

E has for his job as a drug dealer. Eazy-E and Dr. Dre are talking about their lives, their condition. While Dr. Dre is also telling his dissatisfaction about staying on a couch. He mentions that everybody cannot do what Eazy-E is doing. That is when

Eazy-E comes in with his worries. That is why, because muthafuckas has the linguistic context of a fellow or a person, Eazy-E uses that word to refer to drug dealers from the hood like him and he explains that his job is getting more and more dangerous every day. That drug dealers are getting caught up by the police and do times in jail. Eazy-E ends his statement by opening a statement that they have to live a new life, to make changes in their life. Consequently, it can be concluded that muthafuckas in the dialogue serves as a dysphemistic for drug dealers. As for the reason on why Eazy-E uses muthafuckas is to highlight that drug dealing has too much risk. It is used because muthafuckas as a swear word is stronger in meaning than just drug dealers.

Following that incident, Eazy-E and Dr. Dre have established the base of their music career, they have recorded their first track, Boyz N Tha Hood. Eazy-E turns out to have a gift for rapping. Other than that, they already have a manager at this point, Jerry Heller. Jerry Heller books them a show in Skateland Rink,

Compton. They are startled by how many people are coming for them. They perform one of their song, DOPEMAN. It turns out that the crowd have memorized the lyrics of the song already. After they have finished their performance, they gather together, showing intimacy as brothers, and talk about their amazing first ever performance as N.W.A. in front of a crowd. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

56 YELLA: Did you see all the freaks that was out there? Lord, thank God for biker shorts! Everybody shoots YELLA a look. CUBE: We talkin’ about the power of N.W.A. and all you saw tonight was pussy? YELLA: Man, pussy is power. (Straight Outta Compton, 2015, p. 36)

This utterance is an expression of disappointment from Ice Cube to DJ

Yella. After the show, everyone is talking about how the crowd know the words from their song and how big they are in Compton now, but DJ Yella says something different. He mentions how there are so many hot girls in biker shorts up in the venue. This thing pushes Ice Cube to sound his dissatisfaction by saying pussy.

Pussy has the linguistic context of female genitalia or the vagina, but pussy in the dialogue above acts as a dysphemistic for girls. Pussy is used rather than girls because it delivers Ice Cube’s message clearer and stronger. Ice Cube emphasizes

DJ Yella’s action that only focused on the girls and not their art. That is why to show his contempt Ice Cube uses comparison. He compares DJ Yella reaction and the rest of N.W.A.’s member’s reaction toward the show.

After everything that happens between all the N.W.A. members; the splits, the diss tracks, and the fights, they are still in unity by heart about one thing, equal rights for the Blacks. It all comes around in the Rodney King incident, where an unharmed motorist experienced police brutality on the road. Luckily, the event in which Rodney King was beaten up by four L.A.P.D. policemen was caught on tape.

121 TOM BROKAW (V.O.): ... a stunning verdict of “not guilty” for the L.A. Four today in Simi Valley... PUSH IN CLOSE ON EAZY, seeing the verdict. JERRY (O.S.): Sorry... PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

EAZY: Sorry? We all ought to be sorry... (then) We had them on tape -- we had their asses on tape. (Straight Outta Compton, 2015, p. 108)

The dialogue above shows a short conversation between Jerry Heller and

Eazy-E. They are watching the news that talks about the verdicts of the four policemen that beat up Rodney King. It turns out that the four policemen are found to be not guilty for their doings toward Rodney King. Eazy-E shows his anger towards the final court decision by saying asses who refer to the four L.A.P.D. policemen. Ass has the linguistic context of a person, but he uses asses to refer to the police to express his disbelief on how a video tape is not enough to expose how policemen treat Black people. Eazy-E can relate to this matter because of his own experience in 62. His feeling of disappointment can be seen from his repetition on

We had them on tape -- we had their asses on tape. The first sentence shows that

Eazy-E uses a neutral word to refer to the policemen, while the second sentence where he repeats his words, he uses the dysphemistic of policemen which is asses.

Therefore, it can be concluded from the dialogue above that in that conversation

Eazy-E is showing his contempt towards the verdict.

3. To Provoke

People tend to produce swear words to show their ill will and hatred towards someone. Those swear words can ultimately create tension between the people involved in the conversation. This tension can even leads to violence. That is why swear words are the most effective to provoke someone.

68 EAZY: Hey, you lookin’ for Felicia? BIG DUDE is still out there, standing about 15 feet away, with TWO OTHER similarly-large DUDES. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

BIG DUDE: She in there or what? EAZY: Yeah, she's in here. Problem is, my homeboy’s got his dick in her mouth. (Straight Outta Compton, 2015, p. 52)

The conversation above happens between some guys with Dr. Dre. It happens inside a hotel. Rap stars as they are, N.W.A. often throw a party at the place they are staying. A hotel is no exception. As they are partying, some random guys are knocking at the door and asking for a girl named Felicia. It turns out that these guys got guns and one of them shows it to Dr. Dre. The guy is standing in front of N.W.A.’s hotel room with two other guys. Dr. Dre who feels provoked ask around the room for a girl named Felicia. Upon hearing that someone who carries a gun is at their front door, Eazy-E is getting pumped up. He reaches for the guns that he carries.

After that, he asks nicely to that guy standing outside, not showing his AK-

47. Eazy-E utters the word dick. Dick holds the literal meaning and linguistic context of male genitalia. In this conversation, it stilll contains its literal meaning.

But, Eazy-E uses it as a term to provoke the guys at their front door. Dick in this context serves as an abusive swearing because Eazy-E uses it to gain power over the guys. After asking nicely, he then says that Felicia is inside, but there is one problem, Felicia is sucking someone’s dick. Saying that someone else’s dick is inside the guy’s girl will ultimately indicate dominance over him. For Eazy-E searches to incite some violence. Thus, when the guys are triggered by what Eazy-

E says, Eazy-E comes out with Ice Cube, Dr. Dre, DJ Yella, and MC Ren fully equipped with AK-47s. This incident shows the roots of N.W.A’s members whose rooted in the hood that is filled with violence. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

78 EAZY: We should all be happy, not worried. This is a gift, man. More free publicity for NWA. (waves letter) That’s why we gonna send this to the press. Let everybody know about this kind of harassment and intimidation by the government. Right, Jerry? Jerry does not think this is the best idea ever but... JERRY: Well, uh. If that’s what you wanna do, then maybe we -- EAZY: Do it, Jerry. Let everybody see this bullshit. (Straight Outta Compton, 2015, p. 60)

Many things have happened to N.W.A. There are things that happen on the street, on the stage, or even on the hotels that they are staying in. One of the things that happen to N.W.A. in the hotels that they are staying in is on the dialogue above.

While Eazy-E, Ice Cube, Dr. Dre, DJ Yella, and MC Ren are gambling on the poolside of their hotel, Jerry Heller comes in with a letter. That letter is from the FBI. The letter is basically a threat from the FBI headlining the N.W.A.’s song

Fuck Tha Police. N.W.A. is considered promoting violence against the authority, especially law enforcement. Consequently, the members of N.W.A. are not happy with that warning. They will not bow down to such harassment and discrimination.

But when the other N.W.A. members are busy sounding their disapproval toward the warning, Eazy-E comes in with an argument. Eazy-E thinks that they should be happy because of the letter. Because it can serve as free publicity, something to show how the authority harasses and discriminates them.

In showing his stance, Eazy-E sounds the word bullshit. Bullshit contains a linguistic context of nonsense, but bullshit in this context, serves as a dysphemistic for the letter from the FBI. It is meant to provoke the FBI who sends them the warning, so that everyone can see the true color of the FBI and the authority. Adding to that, the provocation that Eazy-E seeks is to show that N.W.A. is not scared of PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

their bullying. This type of idea shows how good a businessman Eazy-E is. Even though he is from the hood, he can flip what is meant as a threat to his own advantage.

After the incident with the letter from FBI, N.W.A. continue their tour and become more and more successful. But then, a problem between Ice Cube and Jerry

Heller happened. The legal problem regarding the contracts is budging Ice Cube all the time. Thus, he chooses to fly solo.

Ice Cube becomes more and more popular when he goes solo. His debut album AmeriKKKa’s Most Wanted also blows up. This thing affects Eazy-E’s way of thinking. He starts taking Ice Cube as an opponent in the rap game as shown in

96. That being so, N.W.A. makes a diss track for Ice Cube. Dr. Dre even has a verse in that diss track. In his verse, Dre says “We started out with too much cargo. So

I’m glad we got rid of Benedict Arnold”. In this verse, Dr. Dre says that N.W.A. starts with too many people, that is why they get rid of Ice Cube. Whereas Benedict

Arnold was an American general who betrayed America to go over to the British.

In this sense, Ice Cube is considered as the “Benedict Arnold” of N.W.A.

Upon hearing the record, Ice Cube becomes angry. He then cooks up a diss track on his own regarding N.W.A.

101 CUBE: Dumb nigga, what you thinkin’ about? Get rid of that Devil real simple: put a bullet in his temple. Cuz you can't be the Nigga 4 Life crew with a white Jew tellin’ you what to do -- Jerry looks absolutely livid, while Eazy just looks caught off guard. Jerry gets up and TURNS OFF the music -- YELLA: That shit’s kinda funny. Everybody gives YELLA the look. REN: Mothafucka got us! What we gonna do? I got my pen ready to serve that fool. Just say the word. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

(Straight Outta Compton, 2015, p. 85)

The dialogue above shows the scene where Jerry Heller, Eazy-E, DJ Yella, and MC Ren listen to Ice Cube’s diss track for them. Ice Cube uses the word Devil and White Jew to provoke N.W.A. and ultimately Jerry Heller. Devil serves as a dysphemistic to Jerry Heller. That is because devil contains the linguistic context of a white guy. That being said, the white guy that Ice Cube is referring to is Jerry

Heller. Ice Cube refers to the devil because Jerry Heller has the most significant part in the break up between N.W.A. and Ice Cube. It is all because Jerry Heller does not come clean with Ice Cube regarding the legal contracts. Ice Cube means to say through his verse that Jerry Heller is a bad influence for N.W.A. and that he should be killed or in this context be taken out from N.W.A. circle. Ice Cube just uses a more provoking way by using Devil. He also floors that N.W.A. cannot be a rap group that stands for the Black while they are being controlled by a white Jew.

White Jew serves as the dysphemistic to Jerry Heller. Ice Cube uses this line to attack Jerry Heller straightforwardly in saying Jerry Heller’s descent. Based on the expressions and what DJ Yella and MC Ren say, Ice Cube’s reason to provoke them is working. Therefore, Ice Cube’s diss track has served its purpose in provoking his opponents perfectly.

4. To Mock Authority

Swear words often be seen as the words of the low classes because how vulgar and rude the words can be. Accordingly, Ljung (2011) says that swear word functions as a reflection of the speaker’s feeling or attitude toward something. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

Therefore, in this section swear words are focused on the speaker’s feeling towards authority.

63 CUBE (O.S.): Yo! CUBE enters the studio -- Hands the open notebook over to Eazy, who scans it, hands it over to Dre for a look. EAZY(sly smile): This gonna start some shit, Cube. CUBE (a grunt): Yeah, fuck the police. (Straight Outta Compton, 2015, p. 44)

The dialogue above starts when Dr. Dre is having a fight with his girl outside of the studio. Suddenly, there is a police car that pulls over. By this time, Ice Cube,

Eazy-E, DJ Yella, MC Ren, Tyree, and D.O.C. are standing outside of the studio already, accompanying Dr. Dre. There are two policemen coming from the police car. The policemen harrasses them by ordering them to get on the ground even though they are just standing. The policemen even call for backups. When Dr. Dre asks them what they are doing to get treated like that, one of the policemen says that they will find out soon.

The swear word that the writer wants to highlight in the conversation above is the word fuck, which is included as the reason to mock authority. The authority in the dialogue refers to the policemen messing with N.W.A. It is a way to show the speaker’s feeling towards the police. By showing mockery, it indicates that Ice

Cube has no respect toward the policemen that he refers to. Upon replying to Eazy-

E, fuck is also used to show his ignorance towards the police. Furthermore, fuck in the dialogue is considered as an abusive swearing where it used to show dominance toward the ones that the speaker is referring to. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

Following the release of Fuck Tha Police, N.W.A. starts their tour. In

Detroit, N.W.A. members are being arrested because they perform Fuck Tha Police.

Before they got arrested, a riot broke loose between the audience and the authority.

That exact riot is being reported on the television.

86 Dre, Ren and Yella start paying attention as Eazy switches channels. Finds another report about the riot. And another. And another. Images blurring by of the concert. JERRY (CONT’D): Whether you like it or not, you are a political group. Never give these assholes a reason to hurt you. Next time they might take it. The guys watch, realizing that they’re becoming a part of the zeitgeist. No longer in the news, they are the news. (Straight Outta Compton, 2015, p. 65) The dialogue above shows the scene when N.W.A. members watch the news about the riot in the place where they performed. The root of the problem begins when the police ban the song Fuck Tha Police from being performed. N.W.A. members feel violated by the ban. They feel like their Freedom of Speech are taken from them. That is why they do not listen to what the police say. They perform Fuck

Tha Police anyway.

The word that is highlighted in the dialogue is assholes which is considered to have the reason to mock authority. Asshole as a swear word carries the linguistic context of a person held in contempt. That is why assholes in the dialogue above refers to the authorities. Therefore, it can be concluded that assholes serves as a dysphemistic for the police and the media. Jerry Heller says that word to give a stronger sense of hate toward the authorities. It also used to raise the awareness of

N.W.A. members to be careful from now on. Even though Jerry Heller is white, he feels the discrimination and harassment toward N.W.A. Accordingly, it pushes PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

Jerry Heller’s dissatisfaction toward the systems. It triggers Jerry Heller to mock them in front of the N.W.A. guys.

Besides the external problem with the authority, N.W.A. also face problems internally. It starts from the discharge of Ice Cube from the group and in the end the departure of Dr. Dre. Dr. Dre finds the truth about Jerry Heller from Suge Knight’s people. It turns out what Ice Cube says is true. Jerry Heller is using them from the start, playing with N.W.A.’s money. Therefore Dr. Dre starts something new with

Suge Knight, Death Row Record.

Death Row Record has a problem of their own. Suge Knight, one of the founder, shows an aggressive act toward anyone who argues with him. Suge

Knight’s work ethic also decreases by time. In one moment, while Dr. Dre is working with Tupac in the studio, Suge Knight is partying with his people. He even fires a gun randomly inside the studio. This thing pushes Dr. Dre’s nerve and he shouts at all of Suge Knight’s people.

130 The Cop #2 is on the couch with some street girls holding a champagne glass in her hand looks at Dre then over to Suge, who's laughing. DRE: This shit is stupid! Do ya'll know what it took for us to get here. Do y’all know what you doin’? Y’all fuckin' it up! Y’all fucking it up! (to off duty cops) And what the fuck ya’ll doing here?! Cop raises the glass. DRE (CONT’D): Really, ok... (Straight Outta Compton, 2015, p. 119)

Through this dialogue, the swear word that is considered to be a mockery towards authority is fuck. Dr. Dre utters fuck toward the off duty cops that are hanging around the studio to mock them. From the story so far, Dr. Dre has a really bad experience with the cops. Thus, seeing his business partner and his goons PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

partying and messing around while Dr. Dre is working is absolute disrespect to his name. It also disrespects Tupac as an artist. Dr. Dre shouts the word fuck to the police to mock them. Fuck serves as an abusive swearing because Dr. Dre uses it to the cops to show his power. It shows Dr. Dre’s burst of emotion with the negative surrounding that he is in. Consequently, mocking the police standing in front of him while showing no respect fits the condition.

5. To Intensify

Swear words often used to emphasize what the speaker says. It strengthens the meaning of what the speaker says so that the hearer catches the strongest sense of meaning from the speaker.

51 CUBE: Aww damn-- here come The White Shadow. (no smiles) REN: Nah, Mr. Furley from “Three's Company.” EAZY (irritated): Man, shut the fuck up? This dude knows the game inside out. He been out there shopping our shit around. Gonna find distribution for Ruthless, get us on tour and bring a whole lot of money to the table. (Straight Outta Compton, 2015, p. 32)

Such reason for uttering swear words can be found on the dialogue above.

It is a conversation between N.W.A. members; Ice Cube, MC Ren, and Eazy- E. It is their first-ever performance as a group. It is also the first real chance they have to be signed as an artist. Jerry Heller, their manager baits some record executives to see N.W.A. performance. He does this to maximize the chance for N.W.A. to get a record deal.

When Jerry Heller shows up in front of all N.W.A. members, all of them are mocking him. Ice Cube speaks first, comparing Jerry Heller to an American drama television series entitled The White Shadows. The series is about a white dude that PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

takes care of a racially mixed basketball team in an urban high school. MC Ren replies Ice Cube joke with another comparison. He compares Jerry Heller to Mr.

Furley from another television drama, Three’s Company.

In the dialogue above shut the fuck up is included as the type of swear word that is used to intensify. In this case, it is used to emphasize other N.W.A. members to shut up and stop joking about Jerry Heller. That is why shut the fuck up can be considered as an emphatic swearing because it is used to emphasize something in a negative way. Eazy-E uses the fuck as an infix to strengthen the more neutral word shut up. This is done by Eazy-E to make sure that all the N.W.A. members get his message.

The incident before shows the strong trust between Eazy-E and Jerry Heller.

The relationship between Eazy-E and Jerry Heller has grown from formal to intimate as their journey in the industry heighten. That is why when Eazy-E has a problem with Dr. Dre’s people, he turns to Jerry Heller as shown in

115 Eazy sits slumped in a chair, drinking a beer next to the pool. His eyes look hard, flat, broken somehow -- CLICK! THERE’S A GUN TO HIS HEAD, revealing –

JERRY, in his BATHROBE looking freaked out, holding the gun. He immediately LOWERS it. JERRY: Jesus Christ, Eric. You can’t just... I thought you were – (Straight Outta Compton, 2015, p. 96)

Suge Knight calls Eazy-E to ask to meet up with him. He says that they will talk about business and Dr. Dre will also be there. But when Eazy-E arrives at Suge

Knight’s studio, Dr. Dre is not there. Plus, Suge Knight asks Eazy-E to sign some contracts to release Dr. Dre from his deal with Ruthless. When Eazy-E refuses, PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

Suge Knight threats him with violence. Suge Knight is standing with three big guys and a dog by his side, but Eazy-E still refuses Suge Knight’s demand. Thus, Suge

Knight and his goons start slamming Eazy-E, punching and kicking him over and over.

In the scene above, Eazy-E is depicted sitting pool side on Jerry Heller’s house, bruises everywhere. Jerry Heller however, knowing that there is somebody is sitting in his house without invitation feels freaked out. But after he finds out that the guy sitting on his pool side is Eazy-E, he utters the phrase Jesus Christ, Eric.

Jesus Christ is the god of Christian religion, but Jesus Christ in the context above serves as a chatartic swearing which is used to intensify Jerry Heller’s surprise. Due to the fact that Jerry Heller is surprised that the person sitting on his pool side is

Eazy-E, he intensifies his surprise by swears Jesus Christ. Although ultimately

Jesus Christ carries no contextual meaning in the dialogue, it shows an emphasize of Jerry Heller’s feeling.

124 DRE: Wha’up Pac? TUPAC: Oh shit! Wha’up Dre... I’m about to hit niggas in the mouth with this new album. Suge said you got some heat for a nigga. DRE: Nigga what? I do...guess who I worked with last night. TUPAC: Who dat? Dre hands a CD to the engineer --- DRE: Roger fuckin’ Troutman. Man this shit is fire. Wait til you hear it. (Straight Outta Compton, 2015, p. 117)

The conversation above is between Dr. Dre and Tupac, a Death Row’s artist.

After dealing with his problem with Ruthless Record, Dr. Dre is now free to produce his own music without the shackles of Ruthless Record. Thus, in the dialogue above

Dr. Dre and Tupac is talking about music to work on. Dr. Dre says that he works PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

with Roger fuckin’ Troutman. Fuckin’ in the context above serves as an emphatic swearing where Dr. Dre is putting an emphasis on Roger Troutman. That is why the reason why Dr. Dre uses fuckin’ is to intensify Roger Troutman in the sense that working with Roger Troutman is a great deal for him. It is affected by Roger

Troutman’s influence on west coast’s hip-hop culture in that period.

From the discussion above, the writer found that the four main characters of the movie used swear words mainly to draw attention to theirselves. It is affected by the fact that swear words are considered as a strong language. Thus, drawing attention to oneself is easier by using swear words. Other than that, the four main characters used swear words mostly as a dysphemistic. This happened because swear words contain stronger emotion than the neutral term in language.

From the perspective of setting, Compton as the starting point of Ice Cube,

Dr. Dre, and Eazy-E’s journey had the biggest influence for them to swear. The social issue where police often criminalize them because they were African-

American is also affecting their swearing activity. Thus, it makes sense for N.W.A. to speak vulgarly through their music. As for Jerry Heller, the time he spent with

N.W.A. had also affected him in a way. It makes Jerry Heller who was white experienced what N.W.A. experienced, which was discrimination from the people and authority.

Seeing deeper into the connection between social relation and the reason for swearing, the writer finds that the four main characters mainly swear to the hearer directly. They rarely directed the swear words to someone that is not in the same room with them. But, such case happens a few times in the movie. It often appears PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

when the characters are mocking the authority. Out of of the 7 times swear words are used to mock the authority, 5 are uttered indirectly. Aside from that, that 5 swear words are also uttered in front of people with an intimate relationship with Jerry

Heller. As an example, that kind of thing happened in 86 when Jerry Heller refers to the authorities using assholes. In the reality, the authorities that are mentioned by Jerry Heller are not in the same room as him, they are just shown through the

TV.

On the other hand, swear words which served to draw attention mainly happen directly. Out of the 60 occurences, 2 are uttered indirectly, while 7 are uttered toward people with formal social relation with the four main characters. In the case of provocation, out of the 16 occurences, 8 are directed toward someone who have intimate relationship with the four main characters. Those provocations happen between the four main characters when they have problems regarding money and contract. Adding to that, 4 swear words are uttered indirectly, take 78 as an example. In 78, Eazy-E swears bullshit by carrying the purpose of provoking the FBI. But, bullshit is uttered in front of Eazy-E’s clique, not directly at the FBI.

Furthermore, the writer finds that the four main characters swears to show contempt mainly to someone with an intimate relationship with them. Based on the data, out of the 39 swear words uttered to show contempt, 30 are directed to people with intimate social relation with them. Those 39 swear words are uttered directly to the hearer.

Last, swear words that are uttered to intensify something by the four main characters are also mainly used toward people who have intimate social relation PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

with them. From the 27 swear words, there are only 5 utterances that are directed to people with formal social relation. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION

This part presents the conclusion of the study. There are two issues examined in this study. First is the contextual meaning of swear words embedded in the utterance of the four main characters in F. Gary Gray’s Straight Outta

Compton. The second issue focuses on the reasons in which the four main characters utter swear words. The four main characters examined are Eazy-E, Dr. Dre, Ice

Cube, and Jerry Heller.

In analysing the contextual meaning of Straight Outta Compton movie, the writer identifies the swear words that is uttered by each character from the screenplay. The writer found 149 swear words. Dr. Dre utters 52 swear words,

Eazy-E utters 43, Ice Cube utter 40, and Jerry Heller utters 14 swear words. From those swear words, the writer determines the contextual meaning by identifying social factors such as the social relation of the participants and the topic of the conversations.

There are nine swear words that are spoken by the participants who have an intimate relationship with each other. In contrast, there are three swear words which are uttered by participants who have formal relationship. Other than that, the writer found that words that have connection with parts of bodies such as ass and asshole are used to refer to a person. A swear word such as motherfucker is used to refer to a despised person. Shit, on the other hand, is used to refer to an inanimate object or an activity. In conclusion, depending on the topic and the social relation between

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participants, swear words can have different contextual meanings.

The reasons for uttering swear words by the four main characters are categorized into five types. In the Straight Outta Compton movie, the type of reason that is mostly used to swear is to draw attention to oneself. It is followed by to show contempt. The third one is to intensify, followed by to provoke. The least used reason is to mock authority. In order to achieve people’s attention, someone has to show strength in voicing his/her idea. Since swear words are used to express strong emotions and attitudes, it is relatively used to draw people’s attention toward the speaker. Furthermore, the writer finds that the four main characters swear often directly to the hearer. Cases when the four main characters swear indirectly happen only when they are mocking the authorities.

Through this study, the writer concludes that swear words are used mainly to people who have intimate social relation with each other. This happens because social distances such as mutual familiarity, comparative ages, gender, and sociocultural background affect the way people swear. That is why social environment and social relation have the most influence on someone’s way of swearing.

Compton, as the hood where Dr. Dre, Eazy-E, and Ice Cube grew up in influenced their way of using language through the violence, gang activity, crime base, and police discrimination occurring in that hood. Furthermore, the amount of education and experience received by those main characters affect the frequency of uttering swear words. In the case of social relationship, Jerry Heller, who has the

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privilege of being white, experiences the discrimination that N.W.A. receives from the authority and the people.

The writer suggests future writers to be careful on the data collection for an easier analysis, because there are many similar swear words that have different meanings. Finally, to improve sociolinguistics analysis, this research suggests future researchers to examine swear words from other literatures or movies. It acts as an enrichment for readers in the field of relationship between swear words and society.

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APPENDIX Contextual Meaning and Reason for Uttering Swear Words

CHARA- UTTERANCE SWEAR PAGE SOCIAL TOPIC CONTEX- REASON CODE CTER WORDS RELAT- TUAL T T T T T ION MEANING D S P M I A C A EAZY-E TONE: Who is it? Shit 1 Formal Knocking The activity ✓ 1 EAZY: Eric! Man, we been the door of selling through this shit a thousand drugs times. EAZY-E EAZY: What's the use to having Dumb Ass 1 Formal Commentin Stupid ✓ 2 this dumb ass knock if I gotta g Tone’s tell you my name anyway? attitude EAZY-E TONE: Why you so ruthless, Bitches 2 Formal The girls in Women ✓ 3 Eric, damn! You don’t want the who trade nothin’ to drink? What you want dopehouse sex for -- (re: the girls)-- you want some drug/coke pussy? EAZY: Yep. But not from these strawberry bitches you got right here. EAZY-E TONE: So you just gonna Dumb Ass 3 Formal Arguing Idiot ✓ 4 disrespect my house like that, about cuz? Tone’s EAZY: Dumb ass, this a dope attitude house! It’s already disrespected.

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CHARA- UTTERANCES SWEAR PAGE SOCIAL TOPIC CONTEX- REASON CODE CTER WORD RELAT- TUAL T T T T T ION MEANING D S P M I A C A ICE CUBE: Fuck you, niggas. I’m Fuck 11 Intimate Commentin An ✓ 5 CUBE about to go g on his expression write a rap about yo’ drunk ass block of defiance Momma. That bitch looks like Drunk Assfriends’ Drunkie ✓ 6 The Bitch joke Cube ✓ 7 Egyptian Lover. mockery friend’s mom ICE CUBE: Well take yo’ ass to ass 11 Intimate Commentin Cube’s ✓ 8 CUBE school sometimes. g on his friend friend’s statement ICE CUBE: (blown away) shit 12 Intimate Dre’s mix A great mix ✓ 9 CUBE Ohio Players and the Headhunters..? (to Dre) That’s the shit! ICE DRE: Think you ready for Doo- Damn 13 Intimate Performing Certainly ✓ 10 CUBE to’s? at Doo-to’s CUBE: Damn straight. DRE CUBE:Ain’t worried about all Shit 13 Intimate Cube’s Cube’s ✓ 11 that. I’mma come with it. performan- rhymes/mus DRE: Yeah, you better, ‘cause if ce ic your shit ain’t tight, you might end up in one.

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CHARA- UTTERANCE SWEAR PAGE SOCIAL TOPIC CONTEX- REASON CODE CTER WORD RELAT- TUAL T T T T T ION MEANING D S P M I A C C ICE CRASH COP 2: (into walkie- Black 14 Formal Stopped by African- ✓ 12 CUBE talkie) Requesting backup on a cop American Van Wick Street. Gang related -- descent 13. CUBE: How you figure we in a gang? ‘Cause we black? DRE DRE: Why you fuckin with that Fuckin 15 Intimate Scolded by Mess ✓ 13 nigga’s girl, man? Lonzo YELLA: Why not? DRE DRE: Compton! I got my homie Muthafuck 17 Intimate Calling Ice Emphatic ✓ 14 -- he's about to get his rhyme on -in’ Cube to the intensifyer for y’all! Give it up for Ice stage muthafuckin' Cube! ICE ICE CUBE: Here's a little Muthafuck 17 Formal Talking Ice Cube ✓ 15 CUBE somethin’ about a nigga like me. a about Never shoulda been let out the himself penitentiary. Ice Cube would Muthafuck Talking Ice Cube ✓ 16 like to say, That I'm a crazy a about muthafucka from around the himself way. Since I was a youth, I Fuck Haters ✓ 17 smoked weed out, Now I'm the muthafucka that ya read about. Takin a life or two, that's what the hell I do. Don't like how I'm livin’, well fuck you!

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CHARAC UTTERANCE SWEAR PAGE SOCIAL TOPIC CONTEX- REASON CODE TER WORD RELAT- TUAL T T T T T ION MEANING D S P M I A C A DRE DRE: I’m just tryin’ to keep you Shit 18 Intimate Arguing Dre and Ice ✓ 18 in business. Open your eyes. with Lonzo Cube’s They went crazy to that shit -- performance DRE DRE: Oh shit -- Check out this Shit 18 Intimate Surprised An ✓ 19 nigga. Yo, take over for a emphasis minute. DRE DRE: It’s fucked up. I’m too Fucked Up 19 Intimate The couch Messed up ✓ 20 tall for that shit. Plus I got my life woman and baby livin’ there. It's Shit The couch Couch ✓ 21 hard. But everybody can't do what you do. EAZY-E EAZY: Yeah, but what I do is Muthafuck 19 Intimate Eazy’s People who ✓ 22 playin’ out, fast. Muthafuckas as activity sell drugs are gettin’ locked up and laid down out here left and right. Time to make a few changes. DRE DRE: Yeah. Change ain't bad. Shit 19 Intimate Possibilities ✓ 23 Shit, I’m tryin’ to make a few changes my self. DRE DRE: Man, you should think Shit 19 Intimate Possibilities Business ✓ 24 about dumpin’ some money into this music shit. I got some ideas -- DRE DRE: Tyree, you gotta stop Shit 20 Intimate Breaking up Being ✓ 25 doin’ this shit, man! a fight aggresive

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CHARA- UTTERANCE SWEAR PAGE SOCIAL TOPIC CONTEX- REASON CODE CTER WORD RELAT- TUAL T T T T T ION MEANING D S P M I A C A EAZY-E EAZY: They got you for Shit 21 Intimate Making fun Something ✓ 26 carrying records? That’s some of Dre a gangster gangsta shit, Dre. would do EAZY-E EAZY: Mind gettin’ your funny Dumb Shit 21 Intimate Telling Dre Stupid ✓ 27 lookin’ ass in the car before they arrest to get in the reason you for some other dumb shit? Ass car Dre ✓ 28 DRE DRE: Interestin’? Tell me this, Shit 22 Intimate Persuading Selling ✓ 29 how long you think that shit you Eazy drugs doin’ gonna last, huh? You ever heard of a happy ending in that game? EAZY-E EAZY: Shit, man, this all Shit Questioning ✓ 30 comin’ from the nigga I just Dre’s bailed out. credential DRE DRE: Listen, if you can slang Shit Persuading Music ✓ 31 dope, you can slang records. Eazy business You got a mind for this shit, E. DRE DRE: Y’all got somethin’ to say Bitch 23 Formal Offended Here ✓ 32 about Compton? Cause we by HBO might have a problem up in this bitch. ICE CUBE: Fuck you then. Wearing Fuck Formal Losing his Emphasize ✓ 33 CUBE a Kangol don't make you L.L. patience Cool J nigga, remember that. toward HBO

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CHARA- UTTERANCE SWEAR PAGE SOCIAL TOPIC CONTEX- REASON CODE CTER WORD RELAT- TUAL T T T T T ION MEANING D S P M I A C A ICE HBO 2:Yeah. Now what? Mark Ass Formal Squaring up Soft people ✓ 34 CUBE CUBE: What you wanna do, Nigga mark ass nigga? DRE DRE: Well shit, why don’t you Shit 24 Intimate Wanting to Emphasize ✓ 35 get on the mic and try it? try something EAZY-E EAZY: What? Fool, I ain’t no Fool 24 Intimate Getting in Idiot ✓ 36 rapper. the booth

DRE DRE: You already spent the Muthafuck 24 Intimate Sweet Emphasize, ✓ 37 money. Don’t you get it? Man, in talking nothing this song is all about you! This Eazy song is about Eazy Shit Producing Deal, ✓ 38 muthafuckin'-E! Now get in the Business booth. Let me deliver my side of this shit. EAZY-E EAZY: Fuck you doin’? Fuck 24 Intimate Dre What ✓ 39 dimming the light EAZY-E CUBE: That ain’t it... Dry-ass 25 Intimate Cube Someone ✓ 40 EAZY: Get that dry-ass Jheri commenting with an curl outta here, maybe I can Eazy’s flow unfavorable concentrate. conduct EAZY-E EAZY(animated): Dre, you Shit 25 Intimate Eazy Eazy ✓ 41 know this shit is hopeless, right? recording rapping

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CHARA- UTTERANCE SWEAR PAGE SOCIAL TOPIC CONTEX- REASON CODE CTER WORD RELAT- TUAL T T T T T ION MEANING D S P M I A C A DRE DRE: So say this shit like you Shit 25 Intimate Eazy The verse ✓ 42 believe it. Like it’s Muthafuck recording Emphasize ✓ 43 muthafuckin’ Sunday and you in’ cruisin’ down the street in that Shit The lyrics ✓ 44 dope-ass 6-4. Feel that shit, like its ya own words. EAZY-E EAZY: You really gonna make Fuck 26 Intimate Eazy Whatever ✓ 45 me do this, huh? Yup. Eazy recording frowns. Takes a moment to compose himself... (CONT’D) Aiight, fuck it. Let’s do this. DRE DRE: Hell yeah! That shit was Hell 26 Intimate Eazy’s first Emphasize ✓ 46 tight. Only 59 more lines, E. But Shit line Eazy’s line ✓ 47 we gonna get through it. Hit that next line EAZY-E EAZY: Now this right here..? Shit 27 Intimate The Something ✓ 48 This some ruthless shit for real. greatness of that Dre, you a muthafuckin’ their first Ruthless genius. And Cube, you got more record would do of them stories to tell? Muthafuck Emphasize ✓ 49 in ICE CUBE: Aww damn-- here come Damn 32 Intimate Jerry Heller An ✓ 50 CUBE The White Shadow. walking expression REN: Nah, Mr. Furley from into the “Three's Company.” room

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CHARA- UTTERANCE SWEAR PAGE SOCIAL TOPIC CONTEX- REASON CODE CTER WORD RELAT- TUAL T T T T T ION MEANING D S P M I A C A EAZY-E EAZY(irritated): Man, shut the Shut the 32 Intimate Mocking Commandin ✓ 51 fuck up? This dude knows the fuck up Jerry Heller g to be game inside out. He been out silent there shopping our shit around. Shit What Jerry NWA’s ✓ 52 Gonna find distribution for Heller is music Ruthless, get us on tour and doing bring a whole lot of money to the table. EAZY-E DOC(drink in hand): All Drunk ass 32 Intimate DOC’s Someone ✓ 53 managers don't get 20 argument who is mothafuckin' percent! always EAZY: Doc, shut yo drunk ass drunk up. You don't know the music business. JERRY JERRY HELLER: Here’s the Kick ass 33 Intimate Pre- Be ✓ 54 HELLER thing. You guys can make a real performanc awesome, record. Sell it nationwide. But e speech succeed we’re not there yet. These labels, they’re still gonna need some... convincing. So I invited a few of them to your show. So you have to kick ass tonight. Can you do that? ICE CUBE: And you trust this dude? Muthafuck 33 Intimate Jerry Heller Emphasize ✓ 55 CUBE Cause he looks like a one of my in old muthafuckin' history teachers.

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CHARA- UTTERANCE SWEAR PAGE SOCIAL TOPIC CONTEX- REASON CODE CTER WORD RELAT- TUAL T T T T T ION MEANING D S P M I A C A ICE YELLA: Did you see all the Pussy 36 Intimate Crowd (Hot) Girls ✓ 56 CUBE freaks that was out there? Lord, thank God for biker shorts! CUBE: We talkin’ about the power of N.W.A. and all you saw tonight was pussy? ICE BRYAN TURNER: Uh-- The Little-ass 38 Intimate Priority The little ✓ 57 CUBE California Raisins. Records’ animated CUBE: Them little-ass raisins artist music group on the commercial? Singin’, "I California Heard it Through the Raisins Grapevine"? DRE DRE: Aiight! If your rhymes Shit 39 Intimate Flooring the Writings/ ✓ 58 ain't tight, you ain't makin’ the plan of Verses record. So you better have your making the shit together. Yella Boy- album Rewind that shit! Shit 39 Intimate Telling The beat ✓ 59 Yella to rewind something DRE YELLA: You cool? Fuck 41 Intimate Lavetta’s Emphasize ✓ 60 DRE: Fuck no. I’m far from attitude cool. ICE TYREE: What happened, Dre? Shit 41 Intimate The police Emphasize ✓ 61 CUBE What she say? coming CUBE: Aww shit, here we go again...

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CHARA- UTTERANCE SWEAR PAGE SOCIAL TOPIC CONTEX- REASON CODE CTER WORD RELAT- TUAL T T T T T ION MEANING D S P M I A C A DRE DRE: What the fuck -- Fuck 43 Intimate The cops Emphasize ✓ 62 roughly handling them ICE CUBE: Yeah, fuck the police. Fuck 44 Intimate The cops Emphasize, ✓ 63 CUBE incident at Despicable their studio cops JERRY BRYAN TURNER: So, are you Shit 46 Intimate Wheter or Touring by ✓ 64 HELLER going out with them? not Jerry the bus JERRY: Are you crazy? Had a will go on enough of that shit in the 70's. by the tour I'll fly out a couple of times and bus check on'em. ICE CUBE: Straight outta Compton, Muthafuck 48 Formal Compton A person ✓ 65 CUBE crazy muthafucka named Ice a and Ice Cube, from a gang called Niggaz Cube With Attitudes. When I'm called off, I got a sawed off, squeeze the trigger, and bodies are hauled off -- DRE DRE: Oh, you wanna partake in Fat asses 49 Intimate Taking (Hot) Girls ✓ 66 some of those fat asses, huh. Tyree to the from Miami tour

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CHARA- UTTERANCE SWEAR PAGE SOCIAL TOPIC CONTEX- REASON CODE CTER WORD RELAT- TUAL T T T T T ION MEANING D S P M I A C A DRE DRE: Well make sure you take Ass 50 Intimate Advicing Tyree ✓ 67 care of her, aiight? I’ll tell you Tyree what, you stay your ass outta trouble and I’ll call you when I’m on the way to Miami-- we'll see about getting you on a flight. EAZY-E BIG DUDE: She in there or Dick 52 Formal Someone Penis ✓ 68 what? searching EAZY: Yeah, she's in here. for his girl Problem is, my homeboy’s got his dick in her mouth. JERRY JERRY: Another one called-- Fuck 53 Intimate Girls To have sex ✓ 69 HELLER said she was pregnant by you pregnant too. Eric, you gotta slow down. because of You can't fuck'em all... Eazy EAZY-E EAZY: Man, stop asking about Fuckin 54 Intimate The legal Emphasize ✓ 70 them fuckin' contract. They're contract coming – CUBE CUBE: Shit’s pretty good. Shit 54 Intimate Talking The ✓ 71 Someday, huh? about the champagne contract JERRY JERRY: He wants to be you so Freaking 54 Intimate Cube Emphasize ✓ 72 HELLER freaking bad. This kid has issues. At some point, you gotta trust somebody...

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CHARA- UTTERANCE SWEAR PAGE SOCIAL TOPIC CONTEX- REASON CODE CTER WORD REALT- TUAL T T T T T ION MEANING D S P M I A C A DRE DRE: We gotta stop. Gotta get Fuckin 55 Formal Dre missed Emphasize ✓ 73 somewhere with a phone -- 12 pages DRIVER: But we’re in the from his middle of nowh -- pager DRE: Stop the fuckin’ bus, man! DRE DRE: He got into a fight near Mothafuck 56 Intimate Tyree’s A ✓ 74 Leimert Park. A big a death despicable mothafucka fell on top of him - person - broke his neck. He killed Shit Tyree’s ✓ 75 Tyree. I can't believe this shit. death ICE CUBE: Never told y’all, but Fuckin 56 Intimate Cube Emphasize ✓ 76 CUBE when I was twelve, my sister got sister’s murdered by her own husband-- death A fuckin' wanna be cop who couldn't make it in the academy. Life changed for me that day. Everything became serious-- DRE DRE: Damn, they comin’ after Damn 59 Intimate The FBI’s Emphasize ✓ 77 us ,too? warning

EAZY-E EAZY: Do it, Jerry. Let Bullshit 60 Intimate FBI’s Publishing ✓ 78 everybody see this bullshit. warning the warning from FBI to the press ICE CUBE: I guess freedom of Shit 60 Intimate Freedom of Anything at ✓ 79 CUBE speech don't mean shit. speech all

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CHARA- UTTERANCE SWEAR PAGE SOCIAL TOPIC CONTEX- REASON CODE CTER WORD REALT- TUAL T T T T T ION MEANING D S P M I A C A ICE CUBE: Yo hold up, hold up -- Muthafuck 62 Formal What the Intensifier ✓ 80 CUBE Y’all know what the in police told muthafuckin’ po-lice just Fuck them pre- Emphasize ✓ 81 told us back stage? They tired to show tell us-- what the fuck we can’t say ICE CUBE: This NWA -- We say Fuck 63 Formal Opening up Emphasize ✓ 82 CUBE what the fuck we wanna say! Shit for their Nonsense ✓ 83 So, all I wanna tell that cop song Fuck An intense ✓ 84 talking shit back stage is -- Yo verb of Dre, I got something to say! abuse FUCK THE POLICE COMIN’ STRAIGHT FROM THE UNDERGROUND. A YOUNG NIGGA GOT IT BAD CAUSE I’M BROWN -- JERRY JERRY: What the fuck were Fuck 65 Intimate Performing Emphasize ✓ 85 HELLER you guys thinking? They can “Fuck The hold us libel for inciting a riot! Police” No one cares that the police started it...

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CHARA- UTTERANCE SWEAR PAGE SOCIAL TOPIC CONTEX- REASON CODE CTER WORD RELAT- TUAL T T T T T ION MEANING D S P M I A C A JERRY JERRY: Whether you like it or Assholes 65 Intimate Lecturing People held ✓ 86 HELLER not, you are a political group. NWA in contempt Never give these assholes a (authority/ reason to hurt you. Next time cops) they might take it. ICE CUBE: That’s my money Shit 69 Intimate Contract Et cetera ✓ 87 CUBE anyway, Jerry. I earned it. I sign wrote a lot of hit songs. I been on tour for months. Performing. Gettin’ arrested and shit. And you gonna try to gank me? ICE CUBE: Hell naw I ain’t signin’ Fucked up 71 Intimate Jerry’s Wrong, ✓ 88 CUBE that bullshit. Don’t y’all think doing suspiscious, it’s a little fucked up that Jerry fishy won’t let us show it to nobody? That seem honest to y’all? If he offered us seventy-five thousand, he probably owes us double that. DRE DRE: Yo Cube-- You can’t just Shit 72 Intimate Cube on the The ✓ 89 sign that shit, homie..? Keep contract contract making history..? ICE CUBE: Naw man, not like this. Fucked 72 Intimate Wheter or To be ✓ 90 CUBE I'd rather be broke then get not Cube doomed to fucked -- Why did you sign that will leave misery, shit, Dre? fraud

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CHARA- UTTERANCE SWEAR PAGE SOCIAL TOPIC CONTEX- REASON CODE CTER WORD RELAT- TUAL T T T T T ION MEANING D S P M I A C A ICE CUBE: Well get ready-- ‘cause Fuck 74 Intimate Cube’s new To damage ✓ 91 CUBE these albums are gonna be solo album beyond comin’ real fast. I'm hungry and repair, but I got a lot to say that's gonna by art fuck the world up. EAZY-E JERRY: Look at him. You think Pussy 76 Intimate Keeping Girls ✓ 92 he needs anymore motivation Dre happy than that? EAZY: Yeah I get it. He drownin’ in pussy. But that don’t mean -- EAZY-E EAZY: Thanks, Jerry. I’mma go Fuck 76 Intimate Eazy tired Sexual ✓ 93 fuck now. doing intercourse business EAZY-E EAZY: That’s what I’m talkin’ Shit 79 Intimate Ren’s verse Anything at ✓ 94 about. Cube ain’t shit. all DRE DRE: How you figure? That Shit 79 Intimate Cube’s A hit single ✓ 95 record’s still the hottest shit out record there. EAZY-E EAZY: That’s why we gotta go Shit 79 Intimate The plan of Weak men ✓ 96 hard at him. We gonna look like their label some bitches if we just take that shit. EAZY-E EAZY: Man, why you gotta be Shit 80 Intimate D.O.C.’s act Tobe ✓ 97 drunk all the time? Get your shit focused and together. organized

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CHARA- UTTERANCE SWEAR PAGE SOCIAL TOPIC CONTEX- REASON CODE CTER WORD RELAT- TUAL T T T T T ION MEANING D S P M I A C A DRE DRE: Goddamn. Is he Goddamn 81 Intimate D.O.C’s Emphasis ✓ 98 paralyzed? state ICE CUBE: Y’all disgrace the C-P- Fucked 84 Intimate What Jerry Ruined, ✓ 99 CUBE T. ‘Cause you gettin’ fucked out Heller does financially your green by a white boy, with to them No Vaseline. ICE CUBE: You little maggot, Eazy Faggot 85 Intimate Eazy fucks Weak men, ✓ 100 CUBE E turned faggot. NWA up homosexual ICE CUBE: Get rid of that Devil real Devil 85 Intimate Dissing A whte ✓ 101 CUBE simple: put a bullet in his Eazy’s person temple. Cuz you can't be the crew/ (Jerry Nigga 4 Life crew with a white Ruthless Heller) Jew tellin’ you what to do White Jew Jerry Heller ✓ 102 JERRY JERRY: We’ll sue that Fuck 85 Intimate Cube’s diss A ✓ 103 HELLER worthless fuck. Defamation, track despicable libel... That antiSemitic piece of person (Ice shit, I’m gonna call up my Cube) friends at the J.D.L. and we’ll Shit Refers to ✓ 104 see how he likes that, little one of bastard. Cube’s lines Bastard a despised or ✓ 105 disrespected person (Ice Cube) EAZY-E EAZY: Who you see sitting in Mothafuck 86 Intimate MC Ren’s A person ✓ 106 the big chair mothafucka?! a comment (MC Ren) about who’s in charge

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CHARA- UTTERANCE SWEAR PAGE SOCIAL TOPIC CONTEX- REASON CODE CTER WORD RELAT- TUAL T T T T T ION MEANING D S P M I A C A DRE DRE: Yep, we got they asses Asses 88 Intimate The Rodney The police ✓ 107 this time. Tape don't lie. King beating DRE DRE: Cube was right, fool! You Fool 90 Intimate Legal a term of ✓ 108 gotta look at these papers, E. paperwork address, Just look and you’ll see. suggesting foolishness DRE DRE: We made it because our Shit 91 Intimate NWA and Music ✓ 109 shit is dope, Eric, not because of Fuckin their Doing ✓ 110 Jerry. We can keep going and relationship business own the goddamn world, we just can’t be fuckin’ with him no more. EAZY-E EAZY: Man, fuck Dre. Fuck 92 Intimate Yella Something ✓ 111 asking of no value about Dre EAZY-E EAZY: Whatever homie. You Shit 94 Formal Releasing Legal ✓ 112 think I’m signing that shit, you Dre and paperwork crazier then I thought. I’m out -- D.O.C from Ruthless EAZY-E EAZY: Fuck you, Suge. I ain't Fuck 95 Formal Suge’s An intense ✓ 113 scared of none you niggas, cuzz! threat verb of abuse

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CHARA- UTTERANCE SWEAR PAGE SOCIAL TOPIC CONTEX- REASON CODE CTER WORD RELAT- TUAL T T T T T ION MEANING D S P M I A C A EAZY-E EAZY(so quiet, to himself): Mothafuck 96 Intimate Suge’s A despised ✓ 114 Dirty mothafucka... a doing person (Suge) JERRY JERRY: Jesus Christ, Eric. You Jesus 96 Intimate Eric’s An act of ✓ 115 HELLER can’t just... I thought you were – Christ appearance surprise in his house JERRY JERRY: Eric. Listen to me. I Assholes 97 Intimate Revenge on People held ✓ 116 HELLER never said we won’t hit back. Suge in contempt But this isn’t Compton. We (Suge and don’t hit back with bullets. We his crew) do it with lawyers. We drain those assholes. ICE CUBE: There my brothers. That Sandbag 99 Formal A bad to lull ✓ 117 CUBE question alone just proves how interview someone into unprepared of a "sandbag a false sense reporter" you really are. of security, and then suddenly attack them ICE CUBE: I'm not an elected Damn 99 Formal A bad Intensifier ✓ 118 CUBE official. I'm an artist. You Interview haven't asked me one damn question about music. DRE DRE: What you fools doin’ out Fools 100 Intimate Snoop and terms of ✓ 119 here? his friends’ address appearance (Snoop, Warren, D.O.C

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CHARA- UTTERANCE SWEAR PAGE SOCIAL TOPIC CONTEX- REASON CODE CTER WORD RELAT- TUAL T T T T T ION MEANING D S P M I A C A DRE SNOOP: You never smoked Nuts 101 Intimate Weed Scrotum ✓ 120 before? DRE: No. I can feel it in my nuts, man. Is that normal? EAZY-E EAZY: Sorry? We all ought to Asses 108 Intimate Rodney A person ✓ 121 be sorry... (then) We had them King trial’s (cops who on tape -- we had their asses on verdict beat up tape. Rodney King) ICE CUBE Damn... We left some Damn 112 Intimate NWA An ✓ 122 CUBE good records on the table.. Video intensifier DRE DRE: Look, no offense, but I’m Asshole 114 Intimate Nicole’s ex A fool ✓ 123 a little glad he was an asshole. (raising his glass) His loss is my gain. To assholes. DRE DRE:Roger fuckin’ Troutman. Fuckin 117 Intimate Someone Intensifier ✓ 124 Man this shit is fire. Wait til you Dre works hear it. with Shit Something A beat, ✓ 125 Dre’s California working on Love

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CHARA- UTTERANCE SWEAR PAGE SOCIAL TOPIC CONTEX- REASON CODE CTER WORD RELAT- TUAL T T T T T ION MEANING D S P M I A C A DRE DRE: What the fuck y’all doin? Fuck 118 Intimate Suge’s and Emphasize ✓ 126 SUGE:(drunk with power) his goons Yo Dre, you just in time. Watch stupid this. Get up! (To the Poor action Bastard) You know what to do.

DRE DRE: This what you Muthafuck 119 Formal Suge’s and Despised ✓ 127 muthafuckas turned into!? as his goons people Seriously! stupid action DRE DRE: This shit is stupid! Do Shit 119 Formal Suge and Their ✓ 128 ya'll know what it took for us to his goons’ doings get here. Do y’all know what Fuckin’ action Ruined ✓ 129 you doin’? Y’all fuckin' it up! Fuck Emphasis ✓ 130 Y’all fucking it up! (to off duty cops) And what the fuck ya’ll doing here?! DRE GOON #1: Better watch ya Fuck 120 Formal Provoked Emphasis ✓ 131 mouth, Blood. Fuck by a goon Emphasis ✓ 132 DRE: ’Tha fuck you talking too? GOON #2: (dismissive) Nigga, you ain't nothing but a producer around here. DRE: What the fuck?!!!

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CHARA- UTTERANCE SWEAR PAGE SOCIAL TOPIC CONTEX- REASON CODE CTER WORD RELAT- TUAL T T T T T ION MEANING D S P M I A C A DRE DRE: I fucked up. But I’ve had Fucked up 122 Intimate Dre being A big ✓ 133 a lot of time to think in here, and imprisoned mistake I promise you, things are gonna be different from now on. EAZY-E EAZY: I wish all that bullshit Bullshit 125 Intimate Reminiscin Their ✓ 134 never happen between us. g the past personal problem

ICE CUBE: We were so young and Shit 125 Intimate Reminiscin Anything at ✓ 135 CUBE ferocious. Doing music g the past all straight for the hood. Trying to be ghetto stars... I thought I knew everything back then -- But I didn’t know shit. EAZY-E EAZY: You ever think about Fuckin 125 Intimate Possibilities Doing ✓ 136 fuckin’ with some new NWA Shit of a Music ✓ 137 shit? comeback EAZY-E EAZY: Cube tried to warn me. Fucked up 128 Intimate Finding out A big ✓ 138 So did Dre. And I didn’t listen. I the truth mistake fucked up. about Jerry JERRY JERRY: Where the fuck have Fuck 128 Intimate Eazy’s not Emphasis ✓ 139 HELLER you been? I’ve been calling you answering the phone EAZY-E EAZY: Trust. God damn, that’s God damn 129 Intimate Jerry’s Intensifier ✓ 140 a word. Let me tell you Muthafuck defence Something ✓ 141 somethin’, Jerry. Trust is a a that will muthafucka. hurt you

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CHARA- UTTERANCE SWEAR PAGE SOCIAL TOPIC CONTEX- REASON CODE CTER WORD RELAT- TUAL T T T T T ION MEANING D S P M I A C A JERRY JERRY: Look, if what I’ve done Motherfuc 129 Intimate Arguing A despised ✓ 142 HELLER is so illegal, why have I never ker person been sued? I’m such a thief, such a liar, such a motherfucker, how come nobody’s come to collect? This is business. This is how it works. JERRY JERRY: Goddammit, Eric! Goddamm 129 Intimate Being fired Emphasis ✓ 143 HELLER This is not how we do things! it This is a business and I won’t let you -- EAZY-E EAZY: And by the way, if you Fuckin 131 Intimate Catching up Doing ✓ 144 ain't heard-- I ain’t fuckin’ with with Dre business Jerry Heller no more. Nigga's fired. EAZY-E EAZY: Get the fuck outta here. Fuck 133 Formal Eazy’s Emphasis ✓ 145 DOCTOR: The normal T-cell count is Faggot diagnosis Male ✓ 146 anywhere between 500 and 1500. Right homosexual now, your T-cell count is... 14. EAZY: But I ain’t no faggot. EAZY-E EAZY: Tomica. She’s pregnant. Fuck 133 Formal AIDS Emphasis ✓ 147 Oh fuck. Does that mean she -- DRE DRE: I don't give a fuck-- You Fuck 141 Intimate Quitting Something of ✓ 148 can't put a price on peace of mind. Death Row no value So you can keep the artists, the Bullshit The ✓ 149 money, the masters and the problems bullshit. I’m startin’ my own thing. that come along with it