DOCSLIB.ORG

Aaron Pok Kwoon Hoe Dip IT 08 Scope

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Aaron Pok Kwoon Hoe Dip IT 08 Scope Aaron Pok Kwoon Hoe Dip IT 08 Scope • Introduction • History of Skype • Technology used in Skype (Frontend, Backend) • Business Growth of Skype • Impacts of Skype on ISPs and Telcos Introduction Skype is a software application that allows users to make voice and video calls and chat over the Internet. • Calls to other users within the Skype service is free • Calls to other traditional landlines telephones and mobile phones can be made for a fee using a debit-based user account system • Instant messaging • File transfer • Video Conferencing Other Features History of Skype Skype was founded in 2003 by Niklas Zennstrom from Sweden Janus Friis from Denmark History of Skype Skype software was developed by Ahti Heinla Priit Kasesalu Jaan Tallinn who were also behind the peer-to-peer file sharing software Kazaa History of Skype In April 2003, Skype.com and Skype.net domain names were registered. •In August 2003, the first public beta version was released. •Initial name was ‘Sky peer-to-peer’ which was then abbreviated to 'Skyper'. •Some of the domain names associated with 'Skyper' were already taken. Therefore, the letter “r” was removed and the final name became ‘Skype’ History of Skype Important Milestones in Skype's History Yr 2005 In October, eBay purchased Skype for $2.6 billion. Yr 2006 “Skypecasting” was introduced which allow voice recording over VoIP and has the ability to host public conference call. This feature was discontinued from 1st Sep 2008. In October , Skype 2.0 for Mac was released, the first full release of Skype with video for Macintosh. In December, Skype 3.0 for Windows was released. History of Skype Yr 2007 New features were introduced through (Skype 3.1, 3.2 and 3.5) including Skype Find, Skype Prime, Send Money (which allowed users to send money via PayPal from one Skype user to another), video in mood, inclusion of video content in chat, call transfer to another person or a group, and auto- redial. Yr 2008 As part of its efforts to diversify revenues, Skype launched in April Skype for SIP , a service aimed at business users. History of Skype Yr 2009 Skype 4.0 was released, featuring full-screen high-quality video calling. The Linux client was updated, and an iPhone application was launched which topped the charts with over 1M downloads in its first two days. Yr 2010 Skype announced deep integration of Skype software into the IP-connected TVs from Panasonic, Samsung and Sony. In May, Skype 5.0 beta was released, with support of group video calls with up to four participants. Also in May, Skype released an updated client for the Apple iPhone which allowed Skype calls to be made over a 3G network. History of Skype On 14 Oct, Skype 5.0 for Windows was released with a number of improvements and feature additions, including a Facebook tab to allow users to SMS, chat with, or call their Facebook friends via Skype from the News Feed. Yr 2011 On 14 Jan, Skype acquired Qik, a mobile video sharing platform. On 10 May, Microsoft Corporation announced it had agreed to acquire Skype for $8.5 billion. This is Microsoft largest acquisition ever. Skype will be a division within Microsoft. Skype’s former CEO Tony Bates, now its President, is reporting to Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer. Skype is to be incorporated as a division of Microsoft. Microsoft Announces Skype Acquisition For 8.5 Billion Steve Ballmer Tony Bates Technology used in Skype Skype operates as a multi-platform VoIP application which allows connectivity between the internet and traditional mobile networks. It uses SIP (variation of standard TCP/IP protocols) to create and send data packets on the same network you use for email and web surfing. This allows for the transmission of newer communication forms such as texts, live videos and stereo sound. Frontend Backend Business Growth of Skype In Yr 2010 About 170 million people log in to Skype's services every month, though not all of them make calls. Impacts on ISPs and Telcos With the introduction of 3G networks, Skype is increasing being supported by various different smartphones, therefore replacing the need for traditional mobile phone lines, as individuals, many communicate directly through Skype instead. Telcos and ISPs now need to adapt their business strategies. Telcos ● Reduction in revenue gained through providing fixed-line services. – May need to concentrate on mobile services. ● Have to explore new ways to make mobile services more attractive to make up for loss of fixed-line revenue. Impacts on ISPs and Telcos ISPs ● New opportunities will be opened up. ● Providing support for VoIP via 3G and WiMAX require additional costs but may reap increased benefits by attracting more customers. ● ISPs will need to consider popularity of VoIP before committing. ● Significant increase of VoIP users may cause difference in bandwidth usage as opposed to current trends. References 1) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skype 2) http://techland.time.com/2011/05/10/a-brief-history-of-skype/ 3) http://www.buzzfeed.com/donnad/microsoft-buys-skype-for-85-billion 4) http://www.google.com.sg/search?q=pictures 5) http://www.m-indya.com/shownews.php?newsid=2150 6) http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/technology-explained-how-does-skype-work/.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Microsoft Buying Linkedin – Smart Move Or Dumb Move?
    Better Business FocusFocus DecemberJune 20162015 Paul Sloane Microsoft buying LinkedIn – Smart Move or Dumb Move? for $6B in 2007. It was an attempt professionals and it is the essential Microsoft’s core PC business of office to take on Google in online tool of all recruitment companies. applications and Windows operating advertising and it failed. In 2012 However, LinkedIn’s growth has the value of the business was slowed and it is losing money. Is it systems was in decline so it needed written down to zero. In 2008 in tomorrow’s success or new sources of revenue. It splashed another attempt to take on yesterday’s? Microsoft has paid a out $26bn to buy social media Google Microsoft offered $45B huge premium for the business business LinkedIn. Will this move add for Yahoo. Fortunately for and shareholders must be worried value for Microsoft shareholders or Microsoft the bid was rejected that it will add to the company’s and the company dodged a bullet. litany of failures. destroy it? The omens are not good. Yahoo’s online advertising business is worth very little today. © Copyright, Paul Sloane Business leaders love to flex their muscles and use shareholders’ But Microsoft is not alone in this About the Author: funds to buy other businesses. folly. Google themselves splurged Paul was part of the team which This is despite the evidence that $12B on Motorola’s mobile phone launched the IBM PC in the UK in most acquisitions do not fulfill business which they then sold 1981. He became MD of database their stated aims and many lose three years later for less than company Ashton-Tate.
    [Show full text]
  • Steve Ballmer, Founder, Usafacts and Former CEO, Microsoft Presents Usafacts’ Annual Report and Analyzes National Demographic Data
    Steve Ballmer, Founder, USAFacts and Former CEO, Microsoft Presents USAFacts’ Annual Report and Analyzes National Demographic Data. Steve Ballmer, Founder, USAFacts Former CEO, Microsoft Tuesday, April 30, 2019 1 DAVID M. RUBENSTEIN: Steve probably doesn’t need a big introduction, but I’ll give him a little introduction. Steve is a – grew up in Detroit and in Belgium. And at Detroit, he was valedictorian of his high school, Detroit Day School. STEVE BALLMER: Country Day. MR. RUBENSTEIN: Country Day School. And went to the – he was a national merit scholar. Went to Harvard. At Harvard he was the manager of the football team, also on the Harvard Crimson, Harvard Advocate. He was in the same class as some other prominent people – Bill Gates, John Roberts, among others. He graduated magna cum laude from Harvard in applied math and economics. From there, he went to Procter & Gamble, where he shared an office with Jeff Immelt, who later went on to run General Electric. He then went to Stanford Business School. And in 1980, he dropped out of Stanford Business School to join a small startup that had 30 employees then – Microsoft. And then in the year 2000, he became the CEO of Microsoft, and was the CEO of Microsoft for 14 years. He’s now retired from that position, involved heavily in philanthropy and in basketball, among other things. And so why don’t we just start with a basketball question, which is this: With seven minutes and 31 seconds to go – [laughter] – in the third quarter of the second game of the playoffs, your team was down by 31 points.
    [Show full text]
  • It Takes Two to Tango: Entrepreneurial Interaction and Innovation by Joe Tidd
    Innovation It Takes Two to Tango: Entrepreneurial interaction and innovation By Joe Tidd Innovation management focuses too much on processes and What is Conjoint Innovation? tools, whereas entrepreneurship is pre-occupied with individ- Traditional treatments of the lone, heroic, visionary entre- ual personal traits. However, many of the most successful in- preneur fail to account for the frequency of couples or small novations were co-created by multiple entrepreneurs, and it is groups of entrepreneurs in the creation of successful innova- this interaction of talent that is at the core of radical innovation, tive ventures. The latter qualification is important, because what we call Conjoint Innovation. We examine 15 cases, histor- the focus here is on the creation of innovative new ventures, ical and contemporary, to identify what Conjoint Innovation is and how it works. Table. Examples of Conjoint Innovation ince the pioneering work of scholars such as Joseph Schumpeter and Peter Drucker, the fields of Innovation Apple* Steve Jobs & Steve Wozniak Sand Entrepreneurship have become two separate and dis- Google* Larry Page & Sergey Brin tinct disciplines. However, this division and specialisation has Facebook* Mark Zuckerberg & Eduardo Saverin resulted in a blind-spot: entrepreneurship has become preoc- Microsoft* Bill Gates & Paul Allen cupied with the personalities of individual entrepreneurs and Netflix* Marc Randolph & Reed Hastings small business creation, and innovation is dominated by cor- Intel* Robert Noyce & Gordon Moore 1 porate R&D and new product development processes. As a Marks and Spencer* Michael Marks & Thomas Spencer result, we have failed to identify and understand an important ARM Mike Muller & Tudor Brown part of innovation and entrepreneurship, innovative new ven- Skype Niklas Zennström & Janus Friis tures created by multiple entrepreneurs, what we call Conjoint Sony Masaru Ibuka & Akio Morita Innovation.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Peer-To-Peer Systems
    CSF641 – P2P Computing 點對點計算 Introduction to Peer-to-Peer Systems 吳俊興 國立高雄大學 資訊工程學系 Outline • Introduction –Why P2P • Basic P2P Technologies – Search/Lookup – Centralized – Unstructured – Structured • Comments on P2P 2 Peer-to-peer Model “Peer-to-Peer (P2P) is a way of structuring distributed applications such that the individual nodes have symmetric roles. Rather than being divided into clients and servers each with quite distinct roles, in P2P applications a node may act as both a client and a server.” Excerpt from the Charter of Peer-to-Peer Research Group, IETF/IRTF, June 24, 2003 http://www.irtf.org/charters/p2prg.html Peers play similar roles No distinction of responsibilities 3 Client-server Model Clients and servers each with distinct roles Request Clients Server U11 Service U12 S U13 U21 The server and the network U22 become the bottlenecks and points of failure U32 U31 •DDoS •Flash Crowd 4 Content Distribution Networks U11 U12 CR1 S U13 CRa CRb U21 Overlay Network CR2 U22 CR3 Hosting + Hierarchical Proxies Content Router + DNS Request Routing CR or Peer Node U32 U31 (Akamai, CacheFlow, etc.) Name: lb1.www.ms.akadns.net Addresses: 207.46.20.60, 207.46.18.30, 207.46.19.30, 207.46.19.60, 207.46.20.30 Aliases: www.microsoft.com, toggle.www.ms.akadns.net, g.www.ms.akadns.net Name: www.yahoo.akadns.net Addresses: 66.94.230.33, 66.94.230.34, 66.94.230.35, 66.94.230.39, 66.94.230.40, … Aliases: www.yahoo.com Name: e96.g.akamaiedge.net Address: 202.177.217.122 Aliases: www.gio.gov.tw, www.gio.gov.tw.edgekey.net Name: a1289.g.akamai.net Addresses: 203.133.9.9, 203.133.9.11 Aliases: www.whitehouse.gov, www.whitehouse.gov.edgesuite.net 5 Content Distribution Networks (Cont.) Paradigm ICPs “Serverless ICP” ICPs Shift (Fabless IC Design House) Content Network “Content Foundry” Providers (CNPs) (Semiconductor Foundry) ISPs ISPs I.C.
    [Show full text]
  • CEO Steve Ballmer Vows to 'Kill' Google
    866-536-8614 | Contact Us www.peakpositions.com Microsoft (MSN) CEO Steve Ballmer Vows to 'Kill' Google. Original publisher: CNET News, SAN FRANCISCO - Microsoft Corp. CEO Steve Ballmer vowed to "kill" Internet search leader Google Inc. in an obscenity-laced tirade, and Google chased a prized Microsoft executive "like wolves," according to documents filed Friday in an increasingly bitter legal battle between the rivals. The allegations, filed in a Washington state court, represent the latest salvos in a showdown triggered by Google's July hiring of former Microsoft executive Kai Fu-Lee to oversee a research and development center that Google plans to open in China. Lee started at Google the day after he resigned from Microsoft. The tug-of-war over Lee - known for his work on computer recognition of language - has exposed the behind-the-scenes animosity that has been brewing between two of high-tech's best-known companies. Ballmer's threat last November was recounted in a sworn declaration by a former Microsoft engineer, Mark Lucovsky, who said he met with Microsoft's chief executive 10 months ago to discuss his decision to leave the company after six years. After learning Lucovsky was leaving to take a job at Google, Ballmer picked up his chair and hurled it across his office, according to the declaration. Ballmer then pejoratively berated Google CEO Eric Schmidt, Lucovsky recalled. Before joining Google, Schmidt was a top executive at Sun Microsystems Inc. and Novell Inc., a pair of tech companies that Microsoft has previously battled. In a statement Friday, Ballmer described Lucovsky's recollection as a "gross exaggeration.
    [Show full text]
  • Microsoft to Acquire Skype
    Microsoft to Acquire Skype Combined companies will benefit consumers, businesses and increase market opportunity. REDMOND, Wash., and LUXEMBOURG – May 10, 2011 – Microsoft Corp. (Nasdaq: “MSFT”) and Skype Global S.à.r.l today announced that they have entered into a definitive agreement under which Microsoft will acquire Skype, the leading Internet communications company, for $8.5 billion in cash from the investor group led by Silver Lake. The agreement has been approved by the boards of directors of both Microsoft and Skype. The acquisition will increase the accessibility of real-time video and voice communications, bringing benefits to both consumers and enterprise users and generating significant new business and revenue opportunities. The combination will extend Skype’s world-class brand and the reach of its networked platform, while enhancing Microsoft’s existing portfolio of real-time communications products and services. With 170 million connected users and over 207 billion minutes of voice and video conversations in 2010, Skype has been a pioneer in creating rich, meaningful connections among friends, families and business colleagues globally. Microsoft has a long-standing focus and investment in real-time communications across its various platforms, including Lync (which saw 30 percent revenue growth in Q3), Outlook, Messenger, Hotmail and Xbox LIVE. Skype will support Microsoft devices like Xbox and Kinect, Windows Phone and a wide array of Windows devices, and Microsoft will connect Skype users with Lync, Outlook, Xbox Live and other communities. Microsoft will continue to invest in and support Skype clients on non-Microsoft platforms. “Skype is a phenomenal service that is loved by millions of people around the world,” said Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer.
    [Show full text]
  • Skype Is a P2P (Peer-To-Peer) Voice-Over-IP (Voip) Client Founded by Niklas Zennström and Janus Friis—Also F
    Signals Codes Analog and Digital Signals Compression Data integrity Skype Signals Codes Analog and Digital Signals Compression Data integrity Skype What is Skype? Why is Skype so successful? Everybody knows! Skype is a P2P (peer-to-peer) Voice-Over-IP (VoIP) client founded Because: by Niklas Zennstr¨omand Janus Friis—also founders of the file it provides better voice quality than anybody else (Skype sharing application Kazaa (the most downloaded software ever, transmits the full range of human hearing, 20 Hz to 20KHz Skype’s 309 million registered users have made more than 100 (compare with the best telephone supporting frequencies in billion minutes worth of free Skype-to-Skype calls). the range 300Hz to 3.4KHz); Skype is an application that allows free phone calls between it is reliable and can work almost seamlessly behind NAT’s computers, and extremely cheap calls to (practically) everywhere and firewalls; on Earth! it is extremely easy to install and use (probably the most Skype (founded in 2002, acquired by eBay in 2005; on September user-friendly application). 1st, 2009, a group of investors led by Silver Lake bought 65% of Skype for $1.9 billion) is the fastest growing service in the history of the Internet. Data Communications Fundamentals 172 / 191 Data Communications Fundamentals 173 / 191 Signals Codes Analog and Digital Signals Compression Data integrity Skype Signals Codes Analog and Digital Signals Compression Data integrity Skype How does Skype actually work? 1 How does Skype actually work? 2 Skype network has three types of machines, all running the same A Skype client (SC) (or ordinary host) is the computer of a regular software and treated equally: Skype user connected to the network in order to communicate with other users.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 1 the Entrepreneur: Concepts and Evidence
    24 Chapter 1 The Entrepreneur: Concepts and Evidence The following case material is extracted frem a case study written by Professor Hans Bent Martinsen at Aarhus " Business Scheoj, Denmark and we aTle grateful f0F the permission to lise it Source: Martinsen (2006) Why were Janus Friis and Niklas Zennström successful with Kazaa and Skype?, Aarhus Business School, Denmark. Three important technological trends occurred in the 1990s: • The growth of digital recordings via CDs and move away from analogue recordings • 'flue growth of home PC use • The growth and availability of the Internet allowing the possibility of sharing digital files with other users During the 1990s the music industry had seen th€ introduction of digital CDs, and with the advent and take• up of home pes copying CDs and retaining qualify of sound became viable. The I!flternet brought the pos• sibility of sharing and exchanging files. In 1999 Napster was created by American student Shawn Fanning: This was a software program that made MP3 files available for all other Napster users via the Internet. In this way Napster turned thousands of computers into one huge server. However, the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) took Napster to court and Napster was forced to close its server in August 2000. But Napster had shown the way and soon there were a whole swarm of peer-to-peer file servers on the Internet. The result was that companies could try to get court injunctions, but because servers could be ænywhere in the world, the growth of downloading digital recordings via the Internet continued unabated.
    [Show full text]
  • Ballmer's Top Failures, from Tablet PC to Xbox One 27 August 2013, by Paresh Dave
    Ballmer's top failures, from Tablet PC to Xbox One 27 August 2013, by Paresh Dave Bill Gates said that Tablet PCs, as Microsoft called them, would be ubiquitous within five years. Gates and Ballmer missed the mark by failing to see the need for hand-touch technology and user-centric marketing - two key elements behind the iPad's success. Microsoft released a tablet in 2012. But people found it difficult to use, and Microsoft couldn't convince developers to make apps for the tablets despite Ballmer's appeals to the developer community. Microsoft took a $900 million loss on $19.9 billion in revenue in the most recent quarter because of Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer speaks at a Microsoft weak tablet sales. Recently the company cut prices event in San Francisco, Wednesday, June 26, 2013. of a couple of models. It also lost out on big Ballmer, who helped build Microsoft into a technology contracts, such as with the Los Angeles Unified empire and then struggled to prevent it from crumbling School District, which plans to give all of its under his own leadership, will retire within the next 12 students Apple iPads instead. months. The world's biggest software company did not name a successor. Microsoft Corp.'s stock shot up 9 Despite not succeeding on its own, Microsoft hasn't percent in premarket trading following the news. (AP made its widely used Microsoft Office software Photo/Jeff Chiu, File) available on the Apple. That's sent many potential customers to the competition, including Google Drive. Microsoft Corp.'s tumultuous fall on the stock WINDOWS PHONE: Microsoft was early to the market during the past 13 years has largely been table in the mobile phone market, too.
    [Show full text]
  • Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella Discusses His New Book, “Hit Refresh,” and His Vision for the Future of Microsoft
    Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella Discusses his New Book, “Hit Refresh,” and his Vision for the Future of Microsoft Satya Nadella Chief Executive Officer Microsoft Corporation Wednesday, October 4, 2017 1 DAVID M. RUBENSTEIN: Welcome, everybody, to what is our third event of our 31st season. And we’re very pleased today to have Satya Nadella, the chief executive of Microsoft, as our special guest. We’ll have an interview with him shortly. Everybody should have a copy of his new book, “Hit Refresh.” I’ve read the book, and we’ll go through the book a little bit later. It’s really a terrific book, extraordinary description of how to change a bit the culture of a company and also an extraordinary personal story, so I think all of you will enjoy reading it. We’ll go through some parts of it in the conversation with Satya a little bit later. [Video presentation.] [Applause.] MR. RUBENSTEIN: OK. So how many people here are familiar with Microsoft products? [Laughter.] OK, everybody? OK. So on February 4th, 2014, you became the new CEO of Microsoft, the third person to have that job. Since that time, the market capitalization of Microsoft is up by $250 billion. Has Bill Gates1 or Steve Ballmer2 ever called you to thank you for – [laughter] – increasing their net worth by a great deal, or they don’t call you to thank you? SATYA NADELLA: [Laughs.] Let’s just say that as long as they call and ask me to do more on the products, that’s a good sign.
    [Show full text]
  • What Are the Uses of Skype? What Does It Do? Who Uses Skype?
    Skype Unknown macro: {align} Unknown macro: {logo} http://wiki.itap.purdue.edu/download/attachments/4293019/rsz_logo_-_skype-1.jpg "> Unknown macro: {align} Unknown macro: {logo} http://wiki.itap.purdue.edu/download/attachments/4293019/rsz_logo_-_skype-1.jpg What Are the Uses of Skype? What Does It Do? The main purpose of Skype is to connect people. People from around the world can connect through many different ways. They can connect through one or two way audio, one or two way video, one or two way audio and video or through text. People can also call any telephone around the world though this costs money, but talking between Skype users does not cost a thing. It can be used on Windows, Mac, and Linux operating systems so almost all computers are compatible. It also works with many different cell phones and mobile devices so individuals can use it whenever/wherever they want. It also can be used by a teacher who is teaching an online class. Unknown macro: {center} Who Uses Skype? Skype in Business Skype is used for businesses that need to reach people around the country or world for as cheap as possible. When business workers use Skype they can get more done, talk more to your clients, and cut your phone bill. Business workers can make free calls to people when they are using Skype and if they choose to call mobile phones or landlines it is very cheap.They can also use Skype from many mobile phones so you can use it anywhere. Skype also allows users to make video calls so business workers can make conference calls for free anytime, anywhere.
    [Show full text]
  • Introducing Microsoft's New Chief Executive Officer UWM Alum Satya
    SPRING 2014 CREATING A CULTURE OF INNOVATION TOUGHER, STRONGER, SMARTER CONCRETE Introducing Microsoft’s UWM WRENCH New Chief Executive Officer PUTS SAFETY FIRST UWM Alum Satya Nadella, BIOMEDICAL College of Engineering & Applied Science BREAKTHROUGH ALLOWS SAFER TRANSPLANTS VIA OPTICAL BIOPSY NSF CAREER GRANTS FUND BREAKTHROUGH RESEARCH Satya Nadella to lead tech industry giant, Microsoft UWM alum is seen as visionary he new CEO of Satya had slept there several nights, after Microsoft Corporation working late hours on his research. Such was T– and only the third his dedication to his goals.” chief executive officer in the famed company’s history Master’s Degree in 1990 – has strong Milwaukee A native of Hyderabad, in south-central India, ties. Satya Nadella, an Nadella earned a master’s degree in computer alumnus of UWM’s College science from UWM in 1990, after completing of Engineering and Applied his bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering Science, is remembered from Mangalore University in India. as an extremely talented “I think Satya being named CEO of Microsoft graduate student who helps our students know the kind of education was one of scores of students from India they get on our campus will take them anywhere attracted to UWM’s strong computer science they want to go,” says Dean Brett Peters. “ I have always used program. In his first interview after the appointment, [Nadella] as a good Nadella, who was once described by Business Nadella says he had always wanted to Week as a member of Bill Gates’s “kitchen example of student “build things” and had developed a passion cabinet of techno-whizzes,” was about 20 for computer science as a means to success: how to years old when he began the master’s degree achieve that.
    [Show full text]