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PROCEEDINGS ZBORNIK RADOVA INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE MEĐUNARODNA KONFERENCIJA “MAN AND KARST” “ČOVJEK I KRŠ” Livno, 26–29 June 2018 Livno, 26.–29. juni 2018. XXXVIII, 51, Sarajevo 2018. XXXVIII, 51, Sarajevo 2018. Izdavači Speleološko društvo “Bosansko-hercegovački krš”, Sarajevo Centar za krš i speleologiju, Sarajevo Branilaca Sarajeva 30, 71000 Sarajevo Redakcija – Editorial board Mirnes Hasanspahić, Simone Milanolo, Jasminko Mulaomerović, Ferid Skopljak, Amila Zukanović Urednik – Editor Jasminko Mulaomerović Korice – Cover Detalj iz pećine Klokočevice, Igman (Foto: Simone Milanolo) DTP & print TDP d.o.o. Sarajevo Bilten Naš krš upisan je u evidenciju javnih glasila pod brojem 132 od 10. 3. 1991. godine. 3 CONTENTS Nadja Zupan Hajna KARST SEDIMENTS AND THEIR STUDIES; EXAMPLES FROM SLOVENIA* . 5 Rosario Ruggieri KARST GEOSITES OF THE FAVIGNANA ISLAND (AEGADIAN ARCHIPELAGO, SICILY)* 21 Ozren Hasan, Slobodan Miko, Nikolina Ilijanić, Koraljka Bakrač, Dea Brunović, Martina Šparica Miko PALEOOKOLIŠNA REKONSTRUKCIJA KRŠKOG HOLOCENSKOG OKOLIŠA NA PODRUČJU NOVIGRADSKOGA MORA I KARINSKOGA MORA (HRVATSKA) PALEOENVIRONMENTAL RECONSTRUCTION OF KARST HOLOCENE ENVIRONMENT IN NOVIGRAD SEA AND KARIN SEA (CROATIA)* . 28 Carol Ramsey & Paul Griffiths KARST CREEK TRAIL: A SELF-GUIDING, DIRECTED-ACCESS KARST SITE IN STRATHCONA PARK, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA* . 31 Nediljko Ževrnja, Tonći Rađa, Tino Milat JAMA ZOVINE – ZANIMLJIV PALEONTOLOŠKI I SPELEOLOŠKI OBJEKT U ZALEĐU BIOKOVA JAMA ZOVINE – AN INTERESTING PALEONTOLOGICAL AND SPELEOLOGICAL FACILITY IN THE HINTERLAND OF BIOKOVO* . 49 Denis Radoš, Filip Krišto, Mirko Šarac MLINOVI DUVANJSKOG I LIVANJSKOG POLJA* . 58 Ivo Lučić BLAŽENA JE VODA ŠTO RAĐA KAMENJE – POGLED NA POEZIJU STOJANA VUČIĆEVIĆA IZ KRŠKE PERSPEKTIVE BLESSED THE WATER THAT GIVES BIRTH TO STONES A LOOK AT STOJAN VUČIĆEVIĆ’S POETRY FROM A KARST PERSPECTIVE ... 77 Monika Šafhauzer, Neira Babić, Jasminko Mulaomerović, Miralem Husanović PRVI ZABILJEŽENI SLUČAJ KOŠTANE DEFORMACIJE NA KRILU VELIKOG MIŠOUHOG ŠIŠMIŠA / MALOG MIŠOUHOG ŠIŠMIŠA (MYOTIS MYOTIS /MYOTIS BLYTHII OXYGNATUS) U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI THE FIRST RECORDED CASE OF SKELETAL DEFORMATIONS ON THE WING OF GREATER MOUSE-EARED BAT / LESSER MOUSE-EARED BAT (MYOTIS MYOTIS / MYOTIS BLYTHII OXYGNATUS) IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA...................................................... 101 Jasminko Mulaomerović, Miralem Husanović GROBLJE NOĆNOG ŠIŠMIŠA (NYCTALUS NOCTULA) U OBREDNOJ PEĆINI THE GRAVEYARD OF THE COMMON NOCTULE (NYCTALUS NOCTULA) IN OBREDNA PEĆINA CAVE .................................................. 106 4 Branka Pejić, Ivana Budinski, Jelena Bogosavljević BELORUBI SLEPI MIŠIĆ PIPISTRELLUS KUHLII U GRAĐEVINSKOM FAKULTETU U CENTRU GRADA BEOGRADA KUHL’S PIPISTRELLE PIPISTRELLUS KUHLII AT THE FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING IN BELGRADE CITY CENTER.................................... 111 Jasminko Mulaomerović PRILOG BILJEŠCI O NOVOM SLUČAJU ZUBNE ANOMALIJE KOD VELIKOG MIŠOUHOG ŠIŠMIŠA (MYOTIS MYOTIS) ANEX NOTE ABOUT NEW CASE OF DENTAL ANOMALIES OF GREATER MOUSE-EARED BAT (MYOTIS MYOTIS).................................... 114 Jasminko Mulaomerović, Primož Presetnik BIBLIOGRAFIJA RADOVA O ŠIŠMIŠIMA BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE (1892 .-2018 .) . 116 Jasminko Mulaomerović POSLASTICA ZA SPELEOKOLEKCIONARE . 132 Jasminko Mulaomerović KNJIGA KAO KULTURA UPRAVLJANJA ZAŠTIĆENIM PODRUČJEM . 134 Radovi označeni sa “*” prezentirani su na Međunarodnoj konferenciji “Čovjek i krš” 2018 . KARST SEDIMENTS AND THEIR STUDIES; EXAMPLES FROM SLOVENIA Nadja Zupan Hajna1 Abstract In last 30th years in Slovenia study and interpretations of the cave sediments and sediments on karst surfaces went through different stages in accordance with then prevailing various theoretical models, knowledges about karst processes and especially the development of dat- ing methods. Clastic sediments on the surface and in the caves are different in e.g. size, shape, color, texture and have various proveniences. One of the characteristics of the Kras is red soil although the surface sediments color in Kras comprehends all varieties from yellow to red. The color of unconsolidated clastic sediments was in the past defined by climate; the yel- low color reflected the sedimentation in cold climate. The study of the mineral composition showed that yellow color is usually an indicator of sediments of Eocene flysch origin, which were weathered in different degree. In contact with percolating water those sediments can be- come reddish due to rubification (oxidation). In sediments from caves close to the surface and from unroofed caves sediments no minerals indicating loess origin were found. In opened fissures and fault zones were studied infiltrated loam and tectonic clays. By mineral composi- tion studies of cave alluvial sediments was also noticed that in many cases high amount of carbonate clasts is significant originated from incomplete solution of cave walls. With the research of clastic sediments along karst surface, geomorphological explanation of denuded caves was determined. Paleomagnetic data in combination with other dating meth- ods, especially U-series dating and biostratigraphy have shifted the possible beginning of cave infilling processes and speleogenesis in Slovenia below the Tertiary/Quaternary boundary. From the results were done interpretations on geomorphologic and tectonic evolution of the karst areas. Key words: red soils, cave sediments, origin, mineral composition, age, Classical Karst. Introduction About 44% of Slovenia’s surface consists of carbonate rocks; therefore, karst geo- morphology and over 13,000 known caves represent significant part of it landscape. Various sediments present on the karst surface in the form of clastic or precipitated deposits cover or fill smaller or extended areas and they also accumulate in the caves. Karst surface sediments are mechanical or chemical deposits. Surface mechan- ical sediments represent all kinds of clastic material deposited by surface processes such as: fluvial (e.g. gravel, sand, silt, clay; conglomerate) forming for instance al- 1 ZRC SAZU Karst Research Institute, Titov trg 2, 6230 Postojna, Slovenia, [email protected] 5 6 Nadja Zupan Hajna luvial fans, terraces; lacustrine; glacial, fluvioglacial and periglacial material (e.g. till forming moraines, diamicton and diamictite); and slope material (e.g. talus cones, rockfalls). Chemical deposits related to environment and climate factors, e.g.: tufa, travertine; different carbonate crusts (e.g. calcrete, caliche) and calcite cements in bulk material are also represented. Various soils may be formed due to development from insoluble residues (e.g. in situ pedogenesis) or clastic allochthonous sediments (e.g. fluvial, eolian). Former cave sediments from unroofed caves, such as clastic sed- iments and speleothems can also be found on the surface. Cave sediments represent all types of mechanical and chemical depositions in the caves. According to their origin they are divided into allochthonous and autoch- thonous sediments (Ford & Williams 2007). Allochthonous deposits were brought into the caves from the outside and represent all kinds of clastic sediments such as gravel, sand, silt, clay (when cemented: conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, clay- stone) or organic matter such as plant debris, coarse woody debris and bones. Karst sediments, both on the surface and in caves, represent an important source of information on the evolution of tectonic and geomorphological units of different sizes. Fluvial sediments, for instance, indicate the abundance of precipitation and hydrological characteristics. The shapes of speleothems made of secondary calcite specify the way of water percolation. The mineral composition, various inclusions and stable isotope geochemistry indicate physio-chemical conditions at the time of their precipitation. The dynamics of sedimentation are mainly controlled by climate and hydrology (e.g., glaciations, floods, precipitation), by changes in river catchment, and by the evolution of cave networks. Protected in caves, sediments are generally well preserved and reveal exceptionally good, multi-proxy records of surface envi- ronmental conditions at the time of their deposition; they can cover time spans from several million years up to the present (Bosák 2002). Cave sediments represent traps of past geologic and environmental records in spite of the fact that they mostly rep- resent the latest episodes of deposition. Many times sediments from diverse karst environments are the only sediments representing terrestrial phases of landscape evolution and they indirectly indicate the age of speleogenesis and surface evolution. The question concerning the time span of karst evolution in Slovenia, the age of karst surfaces and speleogenesis and, consequently, the rates of processes, has been an important issue in most of the previous karst studies and syntheses (e.g. Zupan Hajna et al. 2008, 2010, 2019a; Häuselmann et al. 2015; Vrabec et al. 2018). The ma- jority of dating of karst sediments has been recently carried out in south-western Slovenia (i.e. in the north-western part of the Dinaric karst), which is known as the Kras. Eocene flysch rocks are the last marine deposits preserved in the geologic re- cord. Oligocene to Quaternary rocks represented a terrestrial period where surface denudation and erosion processes prevailed. Karst sediments preserved on the sur- face are therefore rare; but caves have functioned as traps of clastic, chemical and or- ganic sediments derived from local as well as more
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