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Notes on the Virginia Colonial Clergy

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Notes on the Virginia Colonial Clergy w229 N4^ NOTES VIRGINIA COLONIAL CLERGY. BY EDWARD D. NEILL, PRESBYTER OF REFORMED EPISCOPAL CHURCH. .'"V,"<«£ - REPRINTED FROM EPISCOPAL RECORDER. PHILADELPHIA: 1220 s^zrsrsoztyr. s t ir, :e :e t 1877. Extract from Sermon of Patrich Copland, before the Virginia Company, preached at Bow Church, London, Thursday, April 18, 1622. " And, that I may bend my speech unto all, seeing so many of the Lord's worthies have done worthily in this noble action yea, and seeing ; that some of them greatly rejoice in this, that God hath enabled them to help forward this glorious work, both with their prayers and with their purses, let it be your grief and sorrow to be exempted from the company of so many honorable-minded men, and from this noble plantation, tend- ing so highly to the advancement of the Gospel, and to the honoring of our dread Sovereign, by enlarging of his kingdoms, and adding a fifth crown unto his other four: for ' En dat Virginia quintain* is the motto of the legal seal of Virginia," — VIRGINIA COLONIAL CLERGY. CHAPTER I. iHAI'I.UX- OF i:Ai:l,'i EXPEDITIONS. President sermon said was prepared for it. 1 Edward Marin Wingfield, the ; he he dt the First Council of Virginia, make- the made answer, thai our men were weary and following statement, relative to tin- firsl hungry, and that he did see the time of the clergyman who arrived, iu 16(17. with the day far spent (for at other times he never founders of Jamestown : made such question, but the service finished, he began his sermon), and that if it pi REV. ROBERT HUNT. him, we would spare him till seine other "Fin my first worke, which was to make time. I never failed to lake such not< right choice of a spiritual pastor, I appeeled writing, out of his doctrine as my capacity to the remembrance of my Lo. of Gaunt., would comprehend, unless some rainy day hi- Grace, who gave me very gracious hindered my endeavors." audience in my request. And the world On rainy days the place of worship was knoweth when I took with me truly a man, not very comfortable. The congregation in my opinion, not any waie to be touched assembled in fair weather under an old with the rebellions humor of a papist spirit, sail, suspended from trees, but when ii iinr blemished with the least suspicion of a rained service was held in a rotten tent. In factious schismatic." time the colonists constructed a barn-like Tin- appointment of Robert Hon, as edifice, with a roof of turf and earth resting chaplain of Newport's expedition to Vir- upon rafters, and in this place, as humble as ginia came through the direct agencj of the manger of Bethlehem, Hunt official Richard Hakluyt, Prebend of Westminster, long as lie lived. who was an earnest advocate for the planting In the winter of 1609 a fire broke out, of an English colony in America. which destroyed Hum's library, and before Anderson supposes that he had been a the summer of 1609 he had died, but the rector in Kent, before he received the posi- e time has not been ascertained. tion of chaplain. Amid all the dissensions REV. MR. QliOVEB. of the first colonists, he proved hims gentle shepherd, and won the respect of all In June, \. i> 1611, ^ir Thomas Gates classes. President Wingfield speaks of him lefl England on a second voyage to Ywninia. " Hows : Two or threeSunday mornings William Crashaw, the celebrated d the Indians gave us alarms: by that times father of the poet, says that the Rev. Mr. they were answered, the place about us well Glover accompanied him, who had been discovered, and our divine service ended, " an approved preacher in Bedford and the day was far spent. The preacher did Huntingdonshire, a graduate of Cambridge, ask me if it were my pleasure to have a reverenced and respected," but he soon died. — : VIRGINIA COLONIAL CLERGY. Crasbaw writes, " He endured not the sea- has learned the scriptural doctrine, and ex- sickness of the countrey so well as younger plained it to the people, then that is a true and stronger bodies; and so, alter zealous and perfect Church which receives and ami faithful performance of his ministerial! cherishes such doctrine." dutie, whilest lu- was able, he gave liis soule The son had been taught, also, that bap- to Christ Jesus unilcr whose banner he went tism purities none, except those who re ( to fight, and for whose glorious name's the promise of gratuitous justification in sake, he undertook the danger) more worthy Christ, ami that there was nothing like a to be accounted a true confessor of Christ real, express presence in the elements upon than hundreds that are canonized in the the Lord's Table. Pope's Marytyrologie." But one of Alexauder Whitaker's ser- mons was published. In 1613 it was printed ALEXANDER WHITAKER, MINISTER AT in London, and contains the following sen- HENRICO, VIRGINIA, A. D. 1611-1617. tence : Crasbaw, the father of the poet, and " Let not the servants of superstition, that a distinguished divine, in the year 1613, think to merit by their good works, go alludes to the ministers who had gone to beyond us in well-doing, neither let them be America as able and lit men, "all of able to open their mouths against us, ami to them graduates, allowed preachers, sin- condemn the religion of our Protestation, gle men, having no pastoral cares, [un- for want of charitable deeds." charge of children," and exhorts them in Sir Thomas Dale had passed many years " these words : Though Satan visibly and among the Presbyterians of Holland, before palpably reigns there, more than in any coming to Virginia. His first wife was a other known place in the world, yet be of relative, and his second wife a sister of Sir courage, blessed brethren ; God will tread W. Throckmorton, a man of Puritan affini- Satan under your feet shortly, and the ages ties. Many of the settlers at Henrico were to come will eternize your names, as the Dutchmen, and it was to be expected that apostles of Virginia." Among these so- Whitaker's views would be in sympathy called apostles, one who came with Sir with Low-Churchmen, the prevailing party Thomas Dale, in 1611, was Alexander among the people of England. Whitaker. He had been comfortably set- Hamor, the secretary of the Colony, in a tled in the north of England for five or six narrative published in London, in 1615, years, after graduating at Cambridge, when prints a letter of Whitaker's, written in he tore himself away from comforts and June, 1614, which contains the earliest ac- friends, and " his warm nest," constrained count of a church organization among the by the love of Christ to become a mission- English of North America. He writes ary. He was the son of the great scholar, " Every Sabbath day we preach in the tore- William Whitaker, for many years Profes- noon, and catechize in the afternoon. Every sor of Divinity, and Master of St. John's Saturday, at night, I exercise in Sir Thomas College, Cambridge, of whom a poet said: Dale's house. Our Church affairs be con- " He was the shield ol' truth, the scourge of sulted on by the Minister and four of the error." With his father he held the then most religious men. Once every month we prevailing opinions of the Church of Eng- have a communion, and once a year a so- land. He taught that a bishop and pres- lemn fast." byter in the New Testament were of the The weekly religious service, or exercise, same order, and that the only Apostolical on Saturday night, was a characteristic of Succession was based upon the presentation the Puritans within the Church of England. of Scriptural truths. " If," said the elder Purchas states that the surplice was not Whitaker, " he is a perfect minister who even spoken of in Whitaker's parish. The VIRGINIA COLONIAL CLERGY. consultation with four of the mosl religious faults oftentimes they had their deserved liK'i) resembled a Dutch consistory. payments. And many times they gave Before June, 1617,Whitaker was drowned, good testimonies of their great valor and and William Wickham, a pious man, with- resolution. To handle them gently, while oul Episcopal ordination, c lucted the gentle courses may be found to serve, it but Bervices at Benrico. In 1621 Rev. Jonas will be without comparison the best ; polishing will not serve, thi Stockton took i bai ge oi the parish. atle The unreliable John Smith published a shall not want hammerers and rough letter, purporting to bav b en written by now— I mean our old soldiers tlir Rev. Jonas Stockham, on May 20th, trained up in the Netherlands—to square 1621, which Purchas states was addressed to and prepare them to our preachers' hands." Alexander Whitaker. Alluding to the In- No such letter could have been written dian-, he remarks: "We have senl boys to Whitaker, as alleged, in 1621, for in among them to Learn their language, but 1617 he was drowned. There was no Rev. in Virginia, but in 1620 they return worse than they went : but I Jouas Stockham in " the am no statesman, nor love I to meddle with there arrived, the Bona Nova," anything hut my books, but I can find no Rev. Jonas Stockton, about thirty-six years probability by this course to draw them to of age, with a son Timothy, ten years old, Iness; and 1 am persuaded it' Mars and and for a time he was minister at Hen Minerva go hand-in-hand, they will effect rico and New Bermudas.
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