Towards a Semantic Contact Management
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Semantic Wiki Search
Semantic Wiki Search Peter Haase1, Daniel Herzig1,, Mark Musen2,andThanhTran1 1 Institute AIFB, Universit¨at Karlsruhe (TH), Germany {pha,dahe,dtr}@aifb.uni-karlsruhe.de 2 Stanford Center for Biomedical Informatics Research (BMIR) Stanford University, USA [email protected] Abstract. Semantic wikis extend wiki platforms with the ability to represent structured information in a machine-processable way. On top of the structured in- formation in the wiki, novel ways to search, browse, and present the wiki content become possible. However, while powerful query languages offer new opportuni- ties for semantic search, the syntax of formal query languages is not adequate for end users. In this work we present an approach to semantic search that combines the expressiveness and capabilities of structured queries with the simplicity of keyword interfaces and faceted search. Users articulate their information need in keywords, which are translated into structured, conjunctive queries. This transla- tion may result in multiple possible interpretations of the information need, which can then be selected and further refined by the user via facets. We have imple- mented this approach to semantic search as an extension to Semantic MediaWiki. The results of a user study in the SMW-based community portal semanticweb.org show the efficiency and effectiveness of the approach as well as its ease of use. 1 Introduction The availability of structured information on the Semantic Web enables new opportu- nities for information access. Search is no longer limited to matching keywords against documents, but instead complex information needs can be expressed in a structured way, with precise and structured answers as results [1,2,3]. -
Semantic Web and Services
Where are we? Artificial Intelligence # Title 1 Introduction 2 Propositional Logic 3 Predicate Logic 4 Reasoning 5 Search Methods Semantic Web and 6 CommonKADS 7 Problem-Solving Methods 8 Planning Services 9 Software Agents 10 Rule Learning 11 Inductive Logic Programming 12 Formal Concept Analysis 13 Neural Networks 14 Semantic Web and Services © Copyright 2010 Dieter Fensel, Mick Kerrigan and Ioan Toma 1 2 Agenda • Semantic Web - Data • Motivation • Development of the Web • Internet • Web 1.0 • Web 2.0 • Limitations of the current Web • Technical Solution: URI, RDF, RDFS, OWL, SPARQL • Illustration by Larger Examples: KIM Browser Plugin, Disco Hyperdata Browser • Extensions: Linked Open Data • Semantic Web – Processes • Motivation • Technical Solution: Semantic Web Services, WSMO, WSML, SEE, WSMX SEMANTIC WEB - DATA • Illustration by Larger Examples: SWS Challenge, Virtual Travel Agency, WSMX at work • Extensions: Mobile Services, Intelligent Cars, Intelligent Electricity Meters • Summary • References 3 3 4 4 1 MOTIVATION DEVELOPMENT OF THE WEB 5 5 6 Development of the Web 1. Internet 2. Web 1.0 3. Web 2.0 INTERNET 7 8 2 Internet A brief summary of Internet evolution Age of eCommerce Mosaic Begins WWW • “The Internet is a global system of interconnected Internet Created 1995 Created 1993 Named 1989 computer networks that use the standard Internet and Goes Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) to serve billions of users TCP/IP TCP/IP Created 1984 ARPANET 1972 worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of 1969 Hypertext millions of private -
Linked Data - the Story So Far
Linked Data - The Story So Far Christian Bizer, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany Tom Heath, Talis Information Ltd, United Kingdom Tim Berners-Lee, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA This is a preprint of a paper to appear in: Heath, T., Hepp, M., and Bizer, C. (eds.). Special Issue on Linked Data, International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS). http://linkeddata.org/docs/ijswis-special-issue Abstract The term Linked Data refers to a set of best practices for publishing and connecting structured data on the Web. These best practices have been adopted by an increasing number of data providers over the last three years, leading to the creation of a global data space containing billions of assertions - the Web of Data. In this article we present the concept and technical principles of Linked Data, and situate these within the broader context of related technological developments. We describe progress to date in publishing Linked Data on the Web, review applications that have been developed to exploit the Web of Data, and map out a research agenda for the Linked Data community as it moves forward. Keywords: Linked Data, Web of Data, Semantic Web, Data Sharing, Data Exploration 1. Introduction The World Wide Web has radically altered the way we share knowledge by lowering the barrier to publishing and accessing documents as part of a global information space. Hypertext links allow users to traverse this information space using Web browsers, while search engines index the documents and analyse the structure of links between them to infer potential relevance to users' search queries (Brin & Page, 1998). -
Semantic Web and Exam Preparation
Intelligent Systems Semantic Web and Exam Preparation © Copyright @2009 Dieter Fensel and Mick Kerrigan 1 Where are we? # Title 1 Introduction 2 Propositional Logic 3 Predicate Logic 4 Theorem Proving, Description Logics and Logic Programming 5 Search Methods 6 CommonKADS 7 Problem Solving Methods 8 Planning 9 Agents 10 Rule Learning 11 Inductive Logic Programming 12 Formal Concept Analysis 13 Neural Networks 14 Semantic Web and Exam Preparation 2 Agenda • Semantic Web - Data • Motivation • Technical Solution: URI, RDF, RDFS, OWL, SPARQL • Illustration by Larger Examples: KIM Browser Plugin, Disco Hyperdata Browser • Extensions: Linked Open Data • Semantic Web – Processes • Motivation • Technical Solution: Semantic Web Services, WSMO, WSML, SEE, WSMX • Illustration by Larger Examples: SWS Challenge, Virtual Travel Agency • Extensions: WSMX at work • Conclusions 3 3 SEMANTIC WEB - DATA 4 4 MOTIVATION 5 5 Motivation • If the Web is about the global networking of data through URL, HTML, and HTTP… • … the Semantic Web is about the global networking of knowledge through URI, RDF, and SPARQL • This knowledge can be an annotation of Web data (this picture depicts Innsbruck) or just for knowledge‘s sake (Innsbruck is a city in Austria) • Structured data: – is a key towards Artificial Intelligence – is background knowledge – enables formal reasoning 6 6 TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS 7 7 Uniform Resource Identifier Taken from http://www.w3.org/TR/webarch/ 8 RDF • URIs are used to identify resources, not just things that exists on the Web, e.g. Dieter Fensel, -
The Point of View Axis: Varying the Levels of Explanation Within a Generic RDF Data Browsing Environment
The Point of View Axis: Varying the Levels of Explanation Within a Generic RDF Data Browsing Environment Oshani Seneviratne [email protected] Tim Berners-Lee [email protected] Decentralized Information Group, MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory 1. Introduction 3. Panes in Tabulator RDF is at the heart of the Semantic Web as it is the primary Tabulator is capable of generic data browsing, but goes means by which applications can share data and interoper- one step further by allowing users to exploit the RDF data ate. Tabulator is a generic data browser and editor for linked browsing and editing capabilities to build custom applica- RDF data on the web. It was developed with the motiva- tions through a ’Pane’. tion of providing a natural and a seamless experience for browsing and editing data (Tim Berners-Lee, 2008). This paper describes how Tabulator can be used to develop cus- tom applications which consume RDF data, in addition to providing a generic data browsing and editing environment. The goal is to make sure that the end-user has the ability to view the RDF data in a visualization that is most suitable given the nature of the data. The paper is structured as follows. We begin by describ- ing some related work in Section 2. Section 3 gives an overview of the Pane System in Tabulator, and then in Sec- tion 4, we give an example where Tabulator can be used to provide varying levels of explanations through The Justi- fication User Interface. We then give a short overview of our future work in Section 5, and conclude the paper with a discussion of our results in Section 6. -
D3.5 Semantic Wiki
D3.5 Semantic Wiki V 2.0 Project acronym: FLOOD-serv Public FLOOD Emergency Project full title: and Awareness SERvice Grant agreement no.: 693599 Responsible: SIVECO Contributors: SIVECO Document Reference: D3.5 Dissemination Level: PU Version: Final Date: 31/01/2018 This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 693599 D3.5 Semantic Wiki Table of contents Table of contents ............................................................................................................. 2 List of tables .................................................................................................................... 4 List of abbreviations ......................................................................................................... 5 Executive summary .......................................................................................................... 6 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 7 1.1 Document Purpose and Scope .................................................................................... 7 1.2 Target Audience........................................................................................................... 7 1.3 How Final Review Observations Were Addresses ....................................................... 7 2 Technical Specifications ........................................................................................... -
Second Year Report
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON Web and Internet Science Research Group Electronics and Computer Science A mini-thesis submitted for transfer from MPhil toPhD Supervised by: Prof. Dame Wendy Hall Prof. Vladimiro Sassone Dr. Corina Cîrstea Examined by: Dr. Nicholas Gibbins Dr. Enrico Marchioni Co-Operating Systems by Henry J. Story 1st April 2019 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON ABSTRACT WEB AND INTERNET SCIENCE RESEARCH GROUP ELECTRONICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE A mini-thesis submitted for transfer from MPhil toPhD by Henry J. Story The Internet and the World Wide Web are global engineering projects that emerged from questions around information, meaning and logic that grew out of telecommunication research. It borrowed answers provided by philosophy, mathematics, engineering, security, and other areas. As a global engineering project that needs to grow in a multi-polar world of competing and cooperating powers, such a system must be built to a number of geopolitical constraints, of which the most important is a peer-to-peer architecture, i.e. one which does not require a central power to function, and that allows open as well as secret communication. After elaborating a set of geopolitical constraints on any global information system, we show that these are more or less satisfied at the raw-information transmission side of the Internet, as well as the document Web, but fails at the Application web, which currently is fragmented in a growing number of large systems with panopticon like architectures. In order to overcome this fragmentation, it is argued that the web needs to move to generalise the concepts from HyperText applications known as browsers to every data consuming application. -
Hyperdata: Update Apis for RDF Data Sources (Vision Paper)⋆
Hyperdata: Update APIs for RDF Data Sources (Vision Paper)? Jacek Kopeck´y Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University, UK [email protected] Abstract. The Linked Data effort has been focusing on how to publish open data sets on the Web, and it has had great results. However, mech- anisms for updating linked data sources have been neglected in research. We propose a structure for Linked Data resources in named graphs, con- nected through hyperlinks and self-described with light metadata, that is a natural match for using standard HTTP methods to implement application-specific (high-level) public update APIs. 1 Vision A major function of Web APIs is to give users a way to contribute to data sources (whether they be social networks, photo sharing sites, or anything else) through rich scripted web sites, rather than through simple web forms, and also through external (even 3rd-party) tools. Facebook API, Flickr API and so on, support interactive Web interfaces as well as mobile apps or desktop tools. Some of the data in these apps then gets published as Linked Data, a machine- friendly representation suitable for combining with other data. Commonly, there is a technologies disconnect, though, between the Linked Data read-only view on the data source (which employs RDF and URIs), and the update APIs (with JSON or XML, and non-URI identifiers). In this paper, we describe a vision of hyperdata1 | data that is not only hyperlinked and self-describing in terms of its schema, but also self-describing on how it can be updated. -
End-User Story Telling with a CIDOC CRM- Based Semantic Wiki
End-user storytelling with a CIDOC CRM-based semantic wiki Vincent Ribaud (reviewed by Patrick Le Bœuf) Département d'Informatique - U. B. O. Brest, France [email protected] Abstract: This paper presents the current state of an experiment intended to use the CIDOC CRM as a knowledge representation language. STEM freshers freely constitute groups of 2 to 4 members and choose a theme; groups have to model, structure, write and present a story within a web-hosted semantic wiki. The main part of the CIDOC CRM is used as an ontological core where students are hanging up classes and properties of the domain related to the story. The hypothesis is made that once the entry ticket has been paid, the CRM guides the end-user in a fairly natural manner for reading - and writing - the story. The intermediary assessment of the wikis allowed us to detect confusion between immaterial work and (physical) realisation of the work; and difficulty in having event-centred modelling. Final assessment results are satisfactory but may be improved. Some groups did not acquire modelling abilities - although this is a central issue in a semantic web course. Results also indicate that the scope of the course (semantic web) is somewhat too ambitious. This experience was performed in order to attract students to computer science studies but it did not produce the expected results. It did however succeed in arousing student interest, and it may contribute to the dissemination of ontologies and to making CIDOC CRM widespread. CIDOC 2010 ICOM General Conference Shanghai, China 2010-11-08 – 11-10 Introduction This paper presents the current state of an experiment intended to use the CIDOC CRM as a knowledge representation language inside a semantic wiki. -
Semantic Mediawiki in Operation: Experiences with Building a Semantic Portal
Semantic MediaWiki in Operation: Experiences with Building a Semantic Portal Daniel M. Herzig and Basil Ell Institute AIFB Karlsruhe Institute of Technology 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany fherzig, [email protected] http://www.aifb.kit.edu Abstract. Wikis allow users to collaboratively create and maintain con- tent. Semantic wikis, which provide the additional means to annotate the content semantically and thereby allow to structure it, experience an enormous increase in popularity, because structured data is more us- able and thus more valuable than unstructured data. As an illustration of leveraging the advantages of semantic wikis for semantic portals, we report on the experience with building the AIFB portal based on Seman- tic MediaWiki. We discuss the design, in particular how free, wiki-style semantic annotations and guided input along a predefined schema can be combined to create a flexible, extensible, and structured knowledge representation. How this structured data evolved over time and its flex- ibility regarding changes are subsequently discussed and illustrated by statistics based on actual operational data of the portal. Further, the features exploiting the structured data and the benefits they provide are presented. Since all benefits have its costs, we conducted a performance study of the Semantic MediaWiki and compare it to MediaWiki, the non- semantic base platform. Finally we show how existing caching techniques can be applied to increase the performance. 1 Introduction Web portals are entry points for information presentation and exchange over the Internet about a certain topic or organization, usually powered by a community. Leveraging semantic technologies for portals and exploiting semantic content has been proven useful in the past [1] and especially the aspect of providing seman- tic data got a lot of attention lately due to the Linked Open Data initiative. -
Generating Semantic Media Wiki Content from Domain Ontologies
Generating Semantic Media Wiki Content from Domain Ontologies Dominik Filipiak1;2 and Agnieszka Ławrynowicz1 Institute of Computing Science, Poznan University of Technology, Poland Business Information Systems Institute Ltd., Poland Abstract. There is a growing interest in holistic ontology engineering approaches that involve multidisciplinary teams consisting of ontology engineers and domain experts. For the latter, who often lack ontology engineering expertise, tools such as Web forms, spreadsheet like templates or semantic wikis have been devel- oped that hide or decrease the complexity of logical axiomatisation in expressive ontology languages. This paper describes a prototype solution for an automatic OWL ontology conversion to articles in Semantic Media Wiki system. Our im- plemented prototype converts a branch of an ontology rooted at the user defined class into Wiki articles and categories. The final result is defined by a template expressed in the Wiki markup language. We describe tests on two domain ontolo- gies with different characteristics: DMOP and DMRO. The tests show that our solution can be used for fast bootstrapping of Semantic Media Wiki content from OWL files. 1 Introduction There is a growing interest in holistic ontology engineering approaches [1]. Those ap- proaches use various ontological as well as non-ontological resources (such as thesauri, lexica and relational DBs) [2, 3] . They also involve multidisciplinary teams consist- ing of ontology engineers as well as non-conversant in ontology construction domain experts. Whilst an active, direct involvement of the domain experts in the construction of quality domain ontologies within the teams appears beneficial, there are barriers to overcome for such involvement to be effective. -
The Web of Linked Data
WebDB 2010 June 6th, 2010, Indianapolis, USA The Web of Linked Data A global public dataspace on the Web Christian Bizer Freie Universität Berlin Christian Bizer: The Web of Linked Data (6/6/2010) Outline 1. Foundations of Dataspaces and Linked Data Where do they overlap? 2. The Web of Linked Data What data is out there? 3. Linked Data Applications What i s b ei ng d one with the da ta? 4. Remarks on Identity Self-descriptive Data Pay-as-you-go Integration Christian Bizer: The Web of Linked Data (6/6/2010) The Dataspace Vision Alternative to classic data integration systems in order to cope with growing number of data sources. PtifdtProperties of dataspaces may contain any kind of data (structured, semi-structured, unstructured) require no upfront investment into a global schema provide for data-coexistence give best-effort answers to queries rely on pay-as-you-go data integration Franklin, M ., Halevy , A ., and Maier , D .: From Databases to Dataspaces A new Abstraction for Information Management, SIGMOD Rec. 2005. Christian Bizer: The Web of Linked Data (6/6/2010) Dataspace Architecture Source: Franklin et al: From Databases to Dataspaces,Christian Bizer: The SIGMOD Web of Linked Rec. Data (6/6/2010)2005. Linked Data Principles Set of best practices for publishing structured data on the Web in accordance with the general architecture of the Web. 1. Use URIs as names for things. 2. Use HTTP URIs so that people can look up those names. 3. When someone looks up a URI, provide useful RDF information. 4.