Habitat Evaluation and Reintroduction Planning for the Endangered Palos Verdes Blue Butterfly
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Malosma Laurina (Nutt.) Nutt. Ex Abrams
I. SPECIES Malosma laurina (Nutt.) Nutt. ex Abrams NRCS CODE: Family: Anacardiaceae MALA6 Subfamily: Anacardiodeae Order: Sapindales Subclass: Rosidae Class: Magnoliopsida Immature fruits are green to red in mid-summer. Plants tend to flower in May to June. A. Subspecific taxa none B. Synonyms Rhus laurina Nutt. (USDA PLANTS 2017) C. Common name laurel sumac (McMinn 1939, Calflora 2016) There is only one species of Malosma. Phylogenetic analyses based on molecular data and a combination of D. Taxonomic relationships molecular and structural data place Malosma as distinct but related to both Toxicodendron and Rhus (Miller et al. 2001, Yi et al. 2004, Andrés-Hernández et al. 2014). E. Related taxa in region Rhus ovata and Rhus integrifolia may be the closest relatives and laurel sumac co-occurs with both species. Very early, Malosma was separated out of the genus Rhus in part because it has smaller fruits and lacks the following traits possessed by all species of Rhus : red-glandular hairs on the fruits and axis of the inflorescence, hairs on sepal margins, and glands on the leaf blades (Barkley 1937, Andrés-Hernández et al. 2014). F. Taxonomic issues none G. Other The name Malosma refers to the strong odor of the plant (Miller & Wilken 2017). The odor of the crushed leaves has been described as apple-like, but some think the smell is more like bitter almonds (Allen & Roberts 2013). The leaves are similar to those of the laurel tree and many others in family Lauraceae, hence the specific epithet "laurina." Montgomery & Cheo (1971) found time to ignition for dried leaf blades of laurel sumac to be intermediate and similar to scrub oak, Prunus ilicifolia, and Rhamnus crocea; faster than Heteromeles arbutifolia, Arctostaphylos densiflora, and Rhus ovata; and slower than Salvia mellifera. -
Artemisia Californica Less
I. SPECIES Artemisia californica Less. [Updated 2017] NRCS CODE: Subtribe: Artemisiinae ARCA11 Tribe: Anthemideae (FEIS CODE: Family: Asteraceae ARCAL) Order: Asterales Subclass: Asteridae Class: Magnoliopsida flowering heads spring growth seedling, March 2009 juvenile plant photos A. Montalvo flowering plant, November 2005 mature plant with flower buds August 2010 A. Subspecific taxa None. Artemisia californica Less. var. insularis (Rydb.) Munz is now recognized as Artemisia nesiotica P.H. Raven (Jepson eFlora 2017). B. Synonyms Artemisia abrotanoides Nuttall; A. fischeriana Besser; A. foliosa Nuttall; Crossostephium californicum (Lessing) Rydberg (FNA 2017). C. Common name California sagebrush. The common name refers to its strong, sage-like aroma and endemism to California and Baja California. Other names include: coastal sage, coast sage, coast sagebrush (Painter 2016). D. Taxonomic relationships The FNA (2017) places this species in subgenus Artemisia . The molecular phylogeny of the genus has improved the understanding of relationships among the many species of Artemisia and has, at times, placed the species in subgenus Tridentadae; morphology of the inflorescences and flowers alone does not place this species with its closest relatives (Watson et al. 2002). The detailed phylogeny is not completely resolved (Hayat et al. 2009). E. Related taxa in region There are 18 species and a total of 31 taxa (including infrataxa) of Artemisia in southern California, all of which differ clearly from A. californica in habitat affinity, structure, or both (Munz 1974, Jepson eFlora 2017). Within subgenus Artemisia (as per FNA 2017), A. nesiotica from the Channel Islands is the most similar and was once considered part of A. californica ; it can be distinguished by its wider leaves with flat leaf margins (not rolled under). -
Appendix F3 Rare Plant Survey Report
Appendix F3 Rare Plant Survey Report Draft CADIZ VALLEY WATER CONSERVATION, RECOVERY, AND STORAGE PROJECT Rare Plant Survey Report Prepared for May 2011 Santa Margarita Water District Draft CADIZ VALLEY WATER CONSERVATION, RECOVERY, AND STORAGE PROJECT Rare Plant Survey Report Prepared for May 2011 Santa Margarita Water District 626 Wilshire Boulevard Suite 1100 Los Angeles, CA 90017 213.599.4300 www.esassoc.com Oakland Olympia Petaluma Portland Sacramento San Diego San Francisco Seattle Tampa Woodland Hills D210324 TABLE OF CONTENTS Cadiz Valley Water Conservation, Recovery, and Storage Project: Rare Plant Survey Report Page Summary ............................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................2 Objective .......................................................................................................................... 2 Project Location and Description .....................................................................................2 Setting ................................................................................................................................... 5 Climate ............................................................................................................................. 5 Topography and Soils ......................................................................................................5 -
Changes at a Critical Branchpoint in the Anthocyanin Biosynthetic Pathway Underlie the Blue to Orange Flower Color Transition in Lysimachia Arvensis
fpls-12-633979 February 16, 2021 Time: 19:16 # 1 ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 22 February 2021 doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.633979 Changes at a Critical Branchpoint in the Anthocyanin Biosynthetic Pathway Underlie the Blue to Orange Flower Color Transition in Lysimachia arvensis Edited by: Mercedes Sánchez-Cabrera1*†‡, Francisco Javier Jiménez-López1‡, Eduardo Narbona2, Verónica S. Di Stilio, Montserrat Arista1, Pedro L. Ortiz1, Francisco J. Romero-Campero3,4, University of Washington, Karolis Ramanauskas5, Boris Igic´ 5, Amelia A. Fuller6 and Justen B. Whittall7 United States 1 2 Reviewed by: Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain, Department of Molecular 3 Stacey Smith, Biology and Biochemical Engineering, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain, Institute for Plant Biochemistry 4 University of Colorado Boulder, and Photosynthesis, University of Seville – Centro Superior de Investigación Científica, Seville, Spain, Department 5 United States of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Seville, Seville, Spain, Department of Biological Science, 6 Carolyn Wessinger, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Santa Clara 7 University of South Carolina, University, Santa Clara, CA, United States, Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Santa Clara University, United States Santa Clara, CA, United States *Correspondence: Mercedes Sánchez-Cabrera Anthocyanins are the primary pigments contributing to the variety of flower colors among [email protected] angiosperms and are considered essential for survival and reproduction. Anthocyanins † ORCID: Mercedes Sánchez-Cabrera are members of the flavonoids, a broader class of secondary metabolites, of which orcid.org/0000-0002-3786-0392 there are numerous structural genes and regulators thereof. -
The Coastal Scrub and Chaparral Bird Conservation Plan
The Coastal Scrub and Chaparral Bird Conservation Plan A Strategy for Protecting and Managing Coastal Scrub and Chaparral Habitats and Associated Birds in California A Project of California Partners in Flight and PRBO Conservation Science The Coastal Scrub and Chaparral Bird Conservation Plan A Strategy for Protecting and Managing Coastal Scrub and Chaparral Habitats and Associated Birds in California Version 2.0 2004 Conservation Plan Authors Grant Ballard, PRBO Conservation Science Mary K. Chase, PRBO Conservation Science Tom Gardali, PRBO Conservation Science Geoffrey R. Geupel, PRBO Conservation Science Tonya Haff, PRBO Conservation Science (Currently at Museum of Natural History Collections, Environmental Studies Dept., University of CA) Aaron Holmes, PRBO Conservation Science Diana Humple, PRBO Conservation Science John C. Lovio, Naval Facilities Engineering Command, U.S. Navy (Currently at TAIC, San Diego) Mike Lynes, PRBO Conservation Science (Currently at Hastings University) Sandy Scoggin, PRBO Conservation Science (Currently at San Francisco Bay Joint Venture) Christopher Solek, Cal Poly Ponoma (Currently at UC Berkeley) Diana Stralberg, PRBO Conservation Science Species Account Authors Completed Accounts Mountain Quail - Kirsten Winter, Cleveland National Forest. Greater Roadrunner - Pete Famolaro, Sweetwater Authority Water District. Coastal Cactus Wren - Laszlo Szijj and Chris Solek, Cal Poly Pomona. Wrentit - Geoff Geupel, Grant Ballard, and Mary K. Chase, PRBO Conservation Science. Gray Vireo - Kirsten Winter, Cleveland National Forest. Black-chinned Sparrow - Kirsten Winter, Cleveland National Forest. Costa's Hummingbird (coastal) - Kirsten Winter, Cleveland National Forest. Sage Sparrow - Barbara A. Carlson, UC-Riverside Reserve System, and Mary K. Chase. California Gnatcatcher - Patrick Mock, URS Consultants (San Diego). Accounts in Progress Rufous-crowned Sparrow - Scott Morrison, The Nature Conservancy (San Diego). -
Shell Creek Checklist-Apr2012
Checklist of Vascular Plants Shell Creek and Vicinity April 2012 Avenales Wildlife Area, Sinton Ranch, San Luis Obispo County, California PREPARED BY DAVID J. KEIL, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT, CALIFORNIA POLYTECHNIC STATE UNIVERSITY, SAN LUIS OBISPO Scientific name1,2 Common name FAMILY Abronia pogonantha Desert sand-verbena NYCTAGINACEAE Achillea millefolium Yarrow ASTERACEAE Achyrachaena mollis Blow wives ASTERACEAE Acmispon americanus (Lotus purshianus) Spanish-clover FABACEAE Acmispon brachycarpus (Lotus humistratus) Foothill deervetch FABACEAE Acmispon glaber (Lotus scoparius) Deerweed FABACEAE Acmispon strigosus (Lotus strigosus) Strigose deervetch FABACEAE Acmispon wrangelianus California deervetch FABACEAE Acourtia microcephala Sacapelote ASTERACEAE Adenostoma fasciculatum Chamise ROSACEAE Agoseris heterophylla Annual mountain dandelion ASTERACEAE *Amaranthus albus3 Tumble amaranth AMARANTHACEAE *Amaranthus retroflexus Redroot amaranth AMARANTHACEAE Ambrosia acanthicarpa Annual bursage ASTERACEAE Amsinckia menziesii subsp. intermedia Fiddleneck BORAGINACEAE Amsinckia tessellata subsp. gloriosa Fiddleneck BORAGINACEAE Amsinckia tessellata subsp. tessellata Fiddleneck BORAGINACEAE *Anagallis arvensis Scarlet pimpernel MYRSINACEAE Ancistrocarphus filagineus Woolly fishhooks ASTERACEAE Apiastrum angustifolium Apiastrum APIACEAE Arctostaphylos glauca Bigberry manzanita ERICACEAE Artemisia californica California sagebrush ASTERACEAE Artemisia douglasiana Mugwort ASTERACEAE Asclepias fascicularis Milkweed APOCYNACEAE Asclepias vestita -
Iowa State Journal of Research 61.2
oufiiil of Research Volume 61, No. 2 ISSN0092-6345 November, 1986 ISJRA6 61(2) 153-296 1986 From the Editors . 153 ISELY, D. Leguminosae of the United States. Astragalus L.: IV. Species Summary N-Z.. 157 Book Reviews . 291 IOWA STATE JOURNAL OF RESEARCH Published under the auspices of the Vice President for Research, Iowa State University EDITOR .................................................. DUANE ISELY ASSOCIATE EDITOR .............................. KENNETH G. MADISON ASSOCIATE EDITOR ...................................... PAUL N. HINZ ASSOCIATE EDITOR . BRUCE W. MENZEL ASSOCIATE EDITOR ................................... RAND D. CONGER COMPOSITOR-ASSISTANT EDITOR ............... CHRISTINE V. McDANIEL Administrative Board N. L. Jacobson, Chairman J. E. Galejs, I. S. U. Library D. Isely, Editor W. H. Kelly, College of Sciences and Humanities W. R. Madden, Office of Business and Finance J. P. Mahlstede, Agriculture and Horne Economics Experiment Station W. M. Schmitt, Information Service G. K. Serovy, College of Engineering Editorial Board G. J. Musick, Associate Editor for Entomology, University of Arkansas Paul W. Unger, Associate Editor for Agronomy, USDA, Bushland, Texas Dwight W. Bensend, Associate Editor for Forestry, Hale, Missouri L. Glenn Smith, Associate Editor for Education, Northern Illinois Univ. Faye S. Yates, Promotion Specialist, I. S. U. Gerald Klonglan, Consultant for Sociology, I. S. U. All matters pertaining to subscriptions, remittances, etc. should be addressed to the Iowa State University Press, 2121 South State Avenue, Ames, Iowa 50010. Most back issues of the IOWA STATE JOURNAL OF RESEARCH are available. Single copies starting with Volume 55 are $7.50 each, plus postage. Prior issues are $4.50 each, plus postage. Because of limited stocks, payment is required prior to shipment. -
3.4 Biological Resources
3.4 Biological Resources 3.4 BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES 3.4.1 Introduction This section evaluates the potential for implementation of the Proposed Project to have impacts on biological resources, including sensitive plants, animals, and habitats. The Notice of Preparation (NOP) (Appendix A) identified the potential for impacts associated to candidate, sensitive, or special status species (as defined in Section 3.4.6 below), sensitive natural communities, jurisdictional waters of the United States, wildlife corridors or other significant migratory pathway, and a potential to conflict with local policies and ordinances protecting biological resources. Data used to prepare this section were taken from the Orange County General Plan, the City of Lake Forest General Plan, Lake Forest Municipal Code, field observations, and other sources, referenced within this section, for background information. Full bibliographic references are noted in Section 3.4.12 (References). No comments with respect to biological resources were received during the NOP comment period. The Proposed Project includes a General Plan Amendment (GPA) and zone change for development of Sites 1 to 6 and creation of public facilities overlay on Site 7. 3.4.2 Environmental Setting Regional Characteristics The City of Lake Forest, with a population of approximately 77,700 as of January 2004, is an area of 16.6 square miles located in the heart of South Orange County and Saddleback Valley, between the coastal floodplain and the Santa Ana Mountains (see Figure 2-1, Regional Location). The western portion of the City is near sea level, while the northeastern portion reaches elevations of up to 1,500 feet. -
Biochemical Profile of Apacheria Chiricahuensis (Crossosomataceae) Ron Scogin
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Volume 9 | Issue 3 Article 7 1979 Biochemical Profile of Apacheria chiricahuensis (Crossosomataceae) Ron Scogin Alicia Tatsuno Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Scogin, Ron and Tatsuno, Alicia (1979) "Biochemical Profile of Apacheria chiricahuensis (Crossosomataceae)," Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: Vol. 9: Iss. 3, Article 7. Available at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol9/iss3/7 ALISO 9(3), 1979, pp. 481-482 BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE OF APACHERIA CHIRICAHUENSIS (CROSSOSOMATACEAE) Ron Scogin and Alicia Tatsuno Introduction Apacheria C.T. Mason is a monotypic genus cons1stmg of the single species A. chiricahuensis C.T. Mason. Apacheria was first described by Mason (1975) and was placed in the family Crossosomataceae based upon morphological, habitat, and pollen ultrastructural similarities to Crossosoma bigelovii Wats. Alternative systematic affiliations considered by Mason for this genus included Saxifragaceae and Rosaceae. Chemical investigations were initiated to test the accuracy of placement of this new genus in the family Crossosomataceae. Materials and Methods Dried plant materials for this investigation were generously supplied by Dr. C. T. Mason, Jr. Analytical methods were the same as reported by Tatsuno and Scogin (1978) for studies of Crossosoma. Results The chemical constituents of Apacheria chiricahuensis are shown in Ta ble 1. Also shown for comparison are the corresponding constituents from Crossosoma species reported by Tatsuno and Scogin (1978). Flavonoid compounds (flavones and flavonols) are notably absent from the leaves and flowers of Apacheria, an unusual characteristic shared with both species of Crossosoma. -
3.5 Geology/Soils
3.5 GEOLOGY/SOILS 3.5.1 INTRODUCTION This section describes the project’s impacts related to geology and soils, including such factors as seismology, soils, topography, and erosion. It also includes an examination of potential hazards associated with potential damage to proposed structures and infrastructure from ground shaking, potential liquefaction hazards and soils and soils stability. Applicable laws, regulations and relevant local planning policies that pertain to geology are also discussed. Much of the information contained in this subsection was based upon the following geotechnical reports submitted by consultants under contract to the Chandler’s Palos Verdes Sand and Gravel Company and the peer review of those technical studies by Arroyo/Willdan Geotechnical: Geologic Constraints Investigation of the Chandler’s Inert Solid Land Fill Quarry and Surrounding Properties, Rolling Hills Estates, California, Earth Consultants International, June 15, 2000. Phase I Geologic and Geotechnical Engineering Study to Determine Potential Development Areas within the Chandler’s P.V. Sand and Gravel Company Property, Adjacent Trust Properties and the Rolling Hills Country Club, Rolling Hills Estates, California, Neblett & Associates, Inc., December 2001. Fault Investigation, Phases I and II, Chandler Quarry and Rolling Hills Country Club, Palos Verdes Estates, California, Neblett & Associates, Inc., April 29, 2005. Geotechnical Review, Geologic and Geotechnical Engineering Study, Potential Development Areas within the Chandler’s P.V. Sand and Gravel Company Property, Adjacent Trust Properties, and the Rolling Hills Country Club, City of Rolling Hills Estates, California, prepared by Arroyo Geotechnical, September 24, 2007. Review of Response Report, Geotechnical Review, Geologic and Geotechnical Engineering Study, Potential Development Areas within the Chandler’s P.V. -
1 the Volume of the Complete Palos Verdes Anticlinorium: Stratigraphic
The Volume of the Complete Palos Verdes Anticlinorium: Stratigraphic Horizons for the Community Fault Model Christopher Sorlien, Leonardo Seeber, Kris Broderick, Doug Wilson Figure 1: Faults, earthquakes, and locations. Lower hemisphere earthquake focal mechanisms, labeled by year, are from USGS and SCEC (1994), with location of 1930 earthquake (open circle) from Hauksson and Saldivar (1986). The surface or seafloor traces, or upper edges of blind faults are from the Southern California Earthquake Center Community Fault Model (Plesch and Shaw, 2002); other faults are from Sorlien et al. (2006). Figure 2 is located by red dashed polygon. L.A.=Los Angeles (downtown); LB=Long Beach (city and harbor); PVA=Palos Verdes anticlinorium, Peninsula and Hills, PVF=Palos Verdes fault; SPBF=San Pedro Basin fault; SMM=Santa Monica Mountains; SPS=San Pedro Shelf. Structural Setting If the water and post-Miocene sedimentary rocks were removed, the Los Angeles (L.A.) area would have huge relief, most of which was generated in the Plio-Pleistocene (Fig. 1; Wright, 1991). The five km-deep L.A. basin would be isolated from other basins to the SW by a major anticline-ridge, the Palos Verdes Anticlinorium (PVA), parallel to the current NW-SE coastline (Davis et al., 1989; Figures 2, 3). The Palos Verdes Hills have been long recognized as a contractional structure, but of dimensions similar to the peninsula (e.g., Woodring et al., 1946). This prominent topographic feature is instead only the exposed portion of the much larger PVA (Fig 2). Submerged parts of the PVA had previously been interpreted as separate anticlines (Nardin and Henyey, 1978; Legg et al., 2004) related in part to bends in strike-slip faults (Ward and Valensise, 1994), rather than a single complex structure above low-angle (oblique) thrust faults. -
Paper Version of Palos Verdes
Selected Plants Native to Palos Verdes Peninsula (C.M. Rodrigue, 07/26/11) http://www.csulb.edu/geography/PV/ Succulents (plants with fleshy, often liquid-saturated leaves and/or stems. These features can be found in a variety of life forms, including annual herbaceous plants, vines, shrubs, and trees, as well as cacti) Herbaceous plants (non-woody, though there may be a woody caudex or basal stem and root -- annual growth dies back each year, resprouting in perennial or biennial plants, or the plant dies and is replaced by a new generation each year in the case of annual plants) Extremely tiny plant. Stems only about 2-6 cm tall, occasionally as much as 10 cm, leaves only 1-3 mm long (can get up to 6 mm long), fleshy, found at the plant's base or on the stems, shape generally ovate (egg-shaped), may have a blunt rounded end or a fine acute tip. The leaves are arranged oppositely, not alternately. The plant is green when new but ages to red or pink. Tiny flower (0.5- 2 mm) borne in leaf axils, usually just one per leaf pair on a pedicel (floral stem) less than 6 mm long. Two or 3 petals and 3 or 4 sepals. Flowers February to May. Annual herb. Found in open areas, in rocky nooks and crannies, and sometimes in vernal ponds (temporary pools that form after a rain and then slowly evaporate). Crassula connata (Crassulaceae): pygmy stonecrop or pygmy-weed or sand pygmyweed Leaves converted into scales along stems, which are arranged alternately and overlap.