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Economic Survey, Assam, 2012-13 CHAPTER - I

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Economic Survey, Assam, 2012-13 CHAPTER - I k i t crA kiA u ir ciiD\/i:v acc tv^VMvjiviiv^ ou^ V 1.1, Aoonivi 2012-2013 DIRECTORATE OF ECONOMICS AND STATISTICS, ASSAM PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT GOVT. OF ASSAM CONTENTS I An Overview of the State 1 n Population 8 III State Income 19 IV ^State F in ^c e s T V Agriculture 41 VI Irrigation 69 VII Flood and Flood Control Measures 77 Livestock, Animal Husbandry and Dairy Development 84 IX Fishery 98 w m m m m m i i02 XI Industry, Trade and Mining 110 x n Power 138 XIII Transport and Communication 151 XIV Institutional Finance 170 XV Co-operation 185 XVI Prices and Public Distribution System “ 193 XVII Labour, Employment and Wages 206 XVIII Rural Development 218 ■■■ XIX Social Sector 223 Economic Survey, Assam, 2012-13 CHAPTER - I AN OVERVIEW OF THE STATE Assam is situated in the North-East region of India - bordering seven States viz. Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, IVIeghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura and West Bengal and two countries viz. Bangladesh and Bhutan. With a geographical area of 78,438 sq. km i.e, about 2.4 percent of the country's total geographical area Assam provides shelter to 2.58 percent population of the Country. Most of the State's population lives in the lush and verdant valleys of its tv^/o major river systems in the twenty four districts of the Brahmaputra valley and the three districts of the Barak valley. The less densely populated two hill districts - Karbl-Anglong and Dima Hasao, separated the two valleys. For administrative and revenue purposes, the State has 27 districts including Kamrup (Metro) district and four districts under the Bodoland Territorial Council (BTC) areas viz. Kokrajhar, Baska, Chirang and Udalguri. Population According to the Census of India, 2011 the population of Assam stands at 3,11,69,272 of which 1,59,54,927 are males and 1,52,14,345 females. The decadal growth of the State's population works out at 16.93 percent during the decade 2001-2011 as against 17.64 percent for the country as a whole. The density of population of the State has gone up to 397 as against India's density 382 as per 2011 Census. The corresponding State's figure as per 2001 Census was 340. State Domestic Product The state of economy in terms of Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) at factor cost is expected to grow at the rate of 6.88 percent in real terms (at 2004-05 prices) as per Advance Estimates for 2012-13 as against the growth rate of 6.47 percent estimated in the previous year. In terms of Rupee value of the Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) at constant (2004-05) prices for the year 2012-13 (Advance Estimates), it is estimated at ^85690.32 crore as against ^.80171.91 crore for 2011-12 (Quick Estimates) and reflecting the growth of 6.88 percent. The estimated growth of 6.88 percent in GSDP of the State for 2012-13 comprises of 3.80 percent growth in respect of Agriculture and Allied sector, 3.66 percent in Industry sector and 9.30 percent in Services sector. As per Advance Estimates for 2012-13, the growth of the 'Industry' sector, comprising of 'Mining & Quarrying', 'Manufacturing' (Registered and Unregistered), 'Electricity, Gas & Water Supply' and 'Construction', is expected to be moderately increased to 3.66 percent as compared to 2.95 percent in the previous year 2011-12. This marginal increase of growth is due to the contribution made by the sub sectors 'Construction (6.15 percent)', 'Mining & Quarrying' (1.67 percent) and 'Manufacturing' (3.29 percent). The Services sector comprising of Trade, Hotels & Restaurants, Transport by other means & Storage, Real Estate & Business Services and Communications, Banking & Insurance, Social & Personal services is likely to grow by 9.30 per cent during 2012-13 as compared to 9.34 per cent growth achieved in 2011-12 due to comparatively lower performance to be shown by the key sub sectors of the services sector like 'Communication', 'Storage', 'Banking & Insurance' and 'Public Administration'. In respect of the 'Agriculture and Allied' sector, 'Forestry' sector is likely to experience moderately low growth of 4.73 percent as compared to the previous year's growth of 5.61 percent. However, the 'Agriculture' alone and 'Fishing' sector is expected to attain a higher growth rate of 3.45 percent and 7.14 percent respectively as compared to the previous year and therefore, all together Agriculture and Allied sector is expected to grow in a higher rate of 3.80 percent in 2012-13 as compared to 2.95 percent estimated in 2011-12. The Net State Domestic Product (NSDP), also known as State Income, at 2004-05 prices is also expected to grow by 6.91 percent as per Advance Estimates for the year 2012-13 compared to 6.43 percent during 2011-12. It is expected that as per Advance Estimates for 2012-13, the per capita income will attain the level of ?24198.00 at constant prices (2004-05) and ?42036,00 at current prices as against ?'22910.00 and ?37250.00 at constant (2004-05) prices and current prices respectively in the previous year 2011-12. In terms of growth rate, per capita income is increased by 5.62 percent at constant (2004-05) prices and 12.85 percent at current prices in 2012-13 over the previous year. Economic Survey, Assam, 2012-13 state Finance The analysis of the Assam Government Budget 2012-13 reveals that the receipt under the consolidated fund is expected to be ^42380.68 crore. Out of this, ^37662.84 crore is on Revenue Account and the remaining ?4717.84 crore is under Capital Account. After taking into account of the receipt of ^243916.06 crore under Public Accounts and ^50.00 crore under Contingency Fund, the aggregate receipts amount is estimated at ^286346.74 crore. The total expenditure from the consolidated fund of the State in 2012-13 is estimated at ^43151.79 crore, of which ?36298.86 crore is on Revenue Account and ?6852.93 crore is on Capital Account, Taking into account of the expenditure of ?242359.28 crore under Public Account and ?50.00 crore under Contingency Fund, the aggregate expenditure for the year is estimated at ^285561.07 crore. Thus, it is expected to have a surplus of ?785.67 crore during the year 2012-13 which together with the opening deficit of ?1079.11 crore for the year 2012-13 will lead finally to an estimated closing deficit of ?T293.44 crore. In the Budget 2012-13 the State expects ^8009.22 crore as Tax Revenues and ?3487.47 crore as Non-Tax revenue amounting to ^11498.69 crore under State's Own Resources. The expected transfers from the Centre is ^37664.84 crore which include ?11008,70 as Share in Central Taxes and ?15157.45 crore as Grants from the Centre. In respect of Revenue Expenditure, the expected Plan expenditure in the Budget 2012-13 is ^11519.68 crore and the estimated Non-Plan expenditure is ?24779.18 crore of which expected interest payment component is ?2119.95 crore and under Pension the expenditure is expected to be ^2588.87 crore. Budget estimates of 2012-13 show revenue surplus of ?1363.98 crore and fiscal deficit is pegged at 2.99 percent of GSDP. Banking As per the Reserve Bank of India's publication "Quarterly Statistics of Deposits and Credit of Scheduled Commercial Banks" for the Quarter ending of March, 2012, the number of reporting Bank Offices of all Scheduled Commercial Banks in Assam stood at 1574 against 1504 Bank Offices as reported in March 2011. The average population covered per Bank branch office (based on the Provisional population Census, 2011) in the State was around 19.8 thousand compared to all India average of 12.8 thousand as on March, 2012. The aggregate bank deposit and gross credit was ^67455.00 crore and ^25171.00 crore respectively as on March 2012. The credit deposit ratio was 37.3 percent during the year against 35.6 percent in 2010-11. Out of the total 1574 reporting offices as on March 2012, 810 bank offices (52 percent of the total reporting offices) located in the rural areas of Assam and share more than 18 percent of the total bank deposits of the State. Agriculture The economy of Assam continues to be predominantly agrarian. Agriculture sector continues to support more than 75 percent population of the State directly or indirectly providing employment of more than 53 percent of the total workforce. The net cultivated area of the State is 28.11 lakh hectare(2010-ll) or about 88 percent of the total land available for agricultural cultivation in the State, The contribution of Agriculture sector to the State Domestic Product [at constant{2004-05) Prices] was more than 18.0 percent during 2011-12(Quick estimates) but recorded gradual fall since 2005-06. The area covered under Paddy cultivation was 25.46 lakh hectares which was more than 92 percent of the total area under foodgralns in the State during the year 2011-12. During the year 2011-12, the productivity of Winter Rice decreased to 1785 kg per hectare from 1993 Kg. per hectare[ i.e.more than 10.0 percent] in the previous year. The productivity of winter paddy was affected by overall "Deficient" rainfall experienced in the State both in terms of total rainfall and its spread [except in the month of July, 2011] during the kharif season.
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