9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System

Ecological Site Description Plant Communities Ecological Dynamics of the Site The plant communities found on an ecological site are naturally variable. Composition and production will vary with yearly conditions, location, aspect, and the natural variability of the soils. The Historical Climax Plant Community represents the natural potential plant communities found on relict or relatively undisturbed sites. Other plant communities described here represent plant communities that are known to occur when the site is disturbed by factors such as fire, grazing, or drought.

Production data provided in this site description is standardized to air dry weight at the end of the summer growing season. The plant communities described in this site description are based on near normal rainfall years.

NRCS uses a Similarity Index to compare existing plant communities to the plant communities described here. Similarity index is determined by comparing the production and composition of a plant community to the production and composition of a plant community described in this site description. To determine Similarity index, compare the production (air dry weight) of each species to that shown in the plant community description. For each species, count no more than the maximum amount shown for the species, and for each group, count no more than the maximum amount shown for each group. Divide the resulting total by the total normal year production shown in the plant community description. If the rainfall has been significantly above or below normal, use the total production shown for above or below normal years. If field data is not collected at the end of the summer growing season, then the field data must be corrected to the end of the year production before comparing it to the site description. The growth curve can be used as a guide for estimating production at the end of the summer growing season.

esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 1/12 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System

State and Transition, Clayloam Upland 16-20" p.z. esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 2/12 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System Historic Climax Plant Community The historic native state includes the native plant communities that occur on the site, including the historic climax plant community. This state includes other plant communities that naturally occupy the site following drought, fire, flooding, herbivores, and other natural disturbances. The historic climax plant community represents the natural climax community that eventually reoccupies the site with proper management.

The potential plant community on this site is dominated by warm season perennial grasses. The major perennial species like tobosa, vine mesquite, and curly mesquite grow in patches on the site. These patches are well dispersed throughout the area of the site. Perennial and annual forbs, as well as several species of low shrubs and succulents, are well represented in the plant community. The aspect is grassland. Trees are only occasional on the site. Species like plains lovegrass, bottlebrush squirreltail, false mesquite, and shrubby buckwheat begin growth in March. Warm season grasses begin growth in July or August, with the receipt of summer rains. After summer drought and especially in El Nino years, annuals like goldeneye and gumweed can make tremendous production. Perennial grasses will usually recover to normal amounts in 2 to 3 years.

Clayloam Upland 16-20" pz. HCPC

Historic Climax Plant Community Plant Species Composition: Annual Production Grass/Grasslike esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 3/12 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System Grass/Grasslike in Pounds Per Acre Group Group Name Common Name Symbol Scientific Name Low High 1 - Dominant perennial grasses 350 800 sprucetop grama BOCH Bouteloua chondrosioides 25 200 black grama BOER4 Bouteloua eriopoda 25 100 blue grama BOGR2 Bouteloua gracilis 300 700 hairy grama BOHI2 Bouteloua hirsuta 0 100 purple grama BORA Bouteloua radicosa 0 100 curly mesquite HIBE Hilaria belangeri 5 50

2 - Subdominant perennial grasses 70 200 cane beardgrass BOBA3 Bothriochloa barbinodis 5 50 sideoats grama BOCU Bouteloua curtipendula 50 100 plains lovegrass ERIN Eragrostis intermedia 10 100 vine mesquite PAOB Panicum obtusum 5 50 tobosa PLMU3 Pleuraphis mutica 0 150 crinkleawn TRSP12 Trachypogon spicatus 0 50

3 - Perennial threeawns 5 40 poverty threeawn ARDI5 Aristida divaricata 1 25 Havard's threeawn ARHA3 Aristida havardii 0 5 Wooton's threeawn ARPA9 Aristida pansa 0 5 red threeawn ARPUL Aristida purpurea var. longiseta 1 25 Wright's threeawn ARPUW Aristida purpurea var. wrightii 0 10 Orcutt's threeawn ARSCO Aristida schiedeana var. orcuttiana 0 5 spidergrass ARTE3 Aristida ternipes 2 20 mesa threeawn ARTEG Aristida ternipes var. gentilis 0 10

4 - Miscellaneous perennial grasses 5 100 slender grama BORE2 Bouteloua repens 0 5 Rothrock grama BORO2 Bouteloua rothrockii 0 5 silver bluestem BOSA Bothriochloa saccharoides 0 25 densetuft hairsedge BUCA2 Bulbostylis capillaris 0 2 Carex CAREX Carex 0 2 Cyperus CYPER Cyperus 0 2 fluffgrass DAPU7 Dasyochloa pulchella 0 2 Arizona cottontop DICA8 Digitaria californica 0 25 fall witchgrass DICO6 Digitaria cognata 0 5 woolly bunchgrass ELBA Elionurus barbiculmis 0 10 bottlebrush squirreltail ELEL5 Elymus elymoides 0 15 spike pappusgrass ENDE Enneapogon desvauxii 0 1 tanglehead HECO10 Heteropogon contortus 0 5 green sprangletop LEDU Leptochloa dubia 0 50 Arizona muhly MUAR3 Muhlenbergia arizonica 1 15 bullgrass MUEM Muhlenbergia emersleyi 0 10 purple muhly MURI3 Muhlenbergia rigida 0 10 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 4/12 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System bulb panicgrass PABU Panicum bulbosum 0 5 Hall panicgrass PAHA Panicum hallii 0 5 pinyon ricegrass PIFI Piptochaetium fimbriatum 0 5 burrograss SCBR2 Scleropogon brevifolius 0 2 Texas bluestem SCCI2 Schizachyrium cirratum 0 10 plains bristlegrass SEVU2 Setaria vulpiseta 0 10 sand dropseed SPCR Sporobolus cryptandrus 0 5 big sacaton SPWR2 Sporobolus wrightii 0 5

5 - Annual grasses 1 100 fragilegrass AETE Aegopogon tenellus 0 2 sixweeks threeawn ARAD Aristida adscensionis 1 25 prairie threeawn AROL Aristida oligantha 0 25 sixweeks needle grama BOAR Bouteloua aristidoides 0 10 sixweeks grama BOBA2 Bouteloua barbata 0 5 matted grama BOSI2 Bouteloua simplex 0 2 Arizona brome BRAR4 Bromus arizonicus 0 2 feather fingergrass CHVI4 Chloris virgata 0 10 tapertip cupgrass ERACA Eriochloa acuminata var. acuminata 0 10 Mexican lovegrass ERME Eragrostis mexicana 0 5 tufted lovegrass ERPEP2 Eragrostis pectinacea var. pectinacea 0 5 pitscale grass HAGR3 Hackelochloa granularis 0 10 little barley HOPU Hordeum pusillum 0 20 Mexican sprangletop LEFUU Leptochloa fusca ssp. uninervia 0 20 mucronate sprangeltop LEPAB Leptochloa panicea ssp. brachiata 0 20 sticky sprangletop LEVI5 Leptochloa viscida 0 10 delicate muhly MUFR Muhlenbergia fragilis 0 2 littleseed muhly MUMI Muhlenbergia microsperma 0 2 witchgrass PACA6 Panicum capillare 0 2 Mexican panicgrass PAHI5 Panicum hirticaule 0 25 poverty dropseed SPVA Sporobolus vaginiflorus 0 2 prairie false oat TRIN5 Trisetum interruptum 0 2 Arizona signalgrass URAR Urochloa arizonica 0 10 Eastwood fescue VUMIC Vulpia microstachys var. ciliata 0 2 Pacific fescue VUMIP Vulpia microstachys var. pauciflora 0 2 sixweeks fescue VUOC Vulpia octoflora 0 20

Annual Production Forb in Pounds Per Acre Group Group Name Common Name Symbol Scientific Name Low High 6 - Perennial forbs 10 40 trailing four o'clock ALIN Allionia incarnata 0 1 largeflower onion ALMA4 Allium macropetalum 0 5 slimleaf bursage AMCO3 Ambrosia confertiflora 1 5 throw-up weed AMPA3 Amoreuxia palmatifida 0 1 desert anemone ANTU Anemone tuberosa 0 1 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 5/12 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System melon loco APUN Apodanthera undulata 0 1 Louisiana sagewort ARLU Artemisia ludoviciana 0 2 Watson's dutchman's pipe ARWA Aristolochia watsonii 0 1 Arizona milkvetch ASAR6 Astragalus arizonicus 0 1 spider milkweed ASAS Asclepias asperula 0 1 chaparral asphead ASHI3 Aspicarpa hirtella 0 3 dwarf milkweed ASIN14 Asclepias involucrata 0 1 broadleaf milkweed ASLA4 Asclepias latifolia 0 1 Lemmon's milkweed ASLE13 Asclepias lemmonii 0 1 woolly locoweed ASMOB Astragalus mollissimus var. bigelovii 0 1 sheep milkvetch ASNO3 Astragalus nothoxys 0 5 horsetail milkweed ASSU2 Asclepias subverticillata 0 1 shrubby ayenia AYMI Ayenia microphylla 0 1 lyreleaf greeneyes BELY Berlandiera lyrata 0 1 scarlet spiderling BOCO Boerhavia coccinea 0 1 dwarf stickpea CAHUR Calliandra humilis var. reticulata 0 1 desert mariposa lily CAKE Calochortus kennedyi 0 1 sego lily CANU3 Calochortus nuttallii 0 1 Castilleja CASTI2 Castilleja 0 1 whitemargin spurge CHAL11 Chamaesyce albomarginata 0 1 rose heath CHER2 Chaetopappa ericoides 1 3 birdbill dayflower CODI4 Commelina dianthifolia 0 1 hoary bindweed COEQ Convolvulus equitans 0 2 whitemouth dayflower COER Commelina erecta 0 2 leatherweed CRPO5 Croton pottsii 0 2 fingerleaf gourd CUDI Cucurbita digitata 0 3 coyote melon CUPA Cucurbita palmata 0 1 whiteflower dalea DAAL Dalea albiflora 0 2 James' prairie clover DAJA Dalea jamesii 0 1 dwarf prairie clover DANA Dalea nana 0 2 New Mexico dalea DANE Dalea neomexicana 0 1 Cooley's bundleflower DECO2 Desmanthus cooleyi 1 3 bluedicks DICA14 Dichelostemma capitatum 1 10 Dyschoriste schiedeana var. spreading snakeherb DYSCD 1 5 decumbens Torrey's craglily ECFL Echeandia flavescens 0 1 winged buckwheat ERAL4 Eriogonum alatum 0 2 spreading fleabane ERDI4 Erigeron divergens 0 10 trailing fleabane ERFL Erigeron flagellaris 0 10 Mexican fireplant EUHE4 Euphorbia heterophylla 0 1 sun spurge EURA2 Euphorbia radians 0 1 hairy evolvulus EVAR Evolvulus arizonicus 1 3 prostrate evolvulus EVNU Evolvulus nuttallianus 0 1 silver evolvulus EVSE Evolvulus sericeus 0 1 Arizona snakecotton FRAR2 Froelichia arizonica 0 1 scarlet gaura GACO5 Gaura coccinea 0 1 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 6/12 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System pearly globe amaranth GONI Gomphrena nitida 0 2 small matweed GUDED Guilleminea densa var. densa 1 2 hogpotato HOGL2 Hoffmannseggia glauca 0 2 red bluet HORU Houstonia rubra 0 1 babyslippers HYVE Hybanthus verticillatus 0 1 ragged nettlespurge JAMA Jatropha macrorhiza 0 1 San Pedro daisy LAPO4 Lasianthaea podocephala 0 1 Fendler bladderpod LEFE Lesquerella fendleri 0 1 narrowleaf puccoon LIIN2 Lithospermum incisum 0 1 Lewis blue flax LILE3 Linum lewisii 0 1 Greene deervetch LOGR4 Lotus greenei 0 1 Wright deervetch LOWR Lotus wrightii 1 2 variableleaf bushbean MAGI2 Macroptilium gibbosifolium 0 2 spiny tansyaster MAPI Machaeranthera pinnatifida 0 3 Monarda citriodora ssp. lemon beebalm MOCIA 0 1 austromontana tufted evening-primrose OECA10 Oenothera caespitosa 0 1 beardlip penstemon PEBA2 Penstemon barbatus 0 1 Cochise beardtongue PEDA Penstemon dasyphyllus 0 1 mat cinchweed PELO Pectis longipes 0 1 Parry penstemon PEPA24 Penstemon parryi 0 1 narrowleaf bean PHAN3 Phaseolus angustissimus 0 1 orange talinum PHAU13 Phemeranthus aurantiacus 0 5 ivyleaf groundcherry PHHE4 Physalis hederifolia 0 1 white milkwort POAL4 Polygala alba 0 1 velvetseed milkwort POOB Polygala obscura 0 1 shrubby purslane POSU3 Portulaca suffrutescens 0 1 slimflower scurfpea PSTE5 Psoralidium tenuiflorum 0 1 buffpetal RHPH2 Rhynchosida physocalyx 0 1 Texas snoutbean RHSET Rhynchosia senna var. texana 0 2 slimleaf plainsmustard SCLI12 Schoenocrambe linearifolia 0 1 twinleaf senna SEBA3 Senna bauhinioides 0 1 Lemmon's ragwort SELE8 Senecio lemmonii 0 1 New Mexico sida SINE Sida neomexicana 0 1 silverleaf nightshade SOEL Solanum elaeagnifolium 0 1 Missouri goldenrod SOMI2 Solidago missouriensis 0 1 narrowleaf globemallow SPAN3 Sphaeralcea angustifolia 0 1 gooseberryleaf SPGR2 Sphaeralcea grossulariifolia 0 3 globemallow brownplume wirelettuce STPA4 Stephanomeria pauciflora 0 5 Symphyotrichum falcatum var. white prairie aster SYFAC 0 1 commutatum big talinum TAPA2 Talinum paniculatum 0 1 Coulter's wrinklefruit TECO Tetraclea coulteri 0 1 hairy fournwort TENE Tetramerium nervosum 0 1 longstalk greenthread THLO Thelesperma longipes 0 1 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 7/12 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System Hopi tea greenthread THME Thelesperma megapotamicum 0 1 pinewoods spiderwort TRPI Tradescantia pinetorum 0 1 branched noseburn TRRA5 Tragia ramosa 0 1 Fort Huachuca vervain VEGR2 Verbena gracilis 0 1 American vetch VIAM Vicia americana 0 2 Louisiana vetch VILUL2 Vicia ludoviciana ssp. ludoviciana 0 5 copper zephyrlily ZELO Zephyranthes longifolia 0 1 Texas zinnia ZIGR Zinnia grandiflora 0 1

7 - Annual Forbs 1 150 New Mexico copperleaf ACNE Acalypha neomexicana 0 2 carelessweed AMPA Amaranthus palmeri 0 5 spurred anoda ANCR2 Anoda cristata 0 1 bluestem pricklypoppy ARPL3 Argemone pleiacantha 0 1 halfmoon milkvetch ASAL6 Astragalus allochrous 0 1 Nuttall milkvetch ASNU4 Astragalus nuttallianus 0 10 Thurber milkvetch ASTH Astragalus thurberi 0 10 wheelscale saltbush ATEL Atriplex elegans 0 1 fewflower beggarticks BILE Bidens leptocephala 0 1 Coulter spiderling BOCO2 Boerhavia coulteri 0 1 erect spiderling BOER Boerhavia erecta 0 1 hairy bowlesia BOIN3 Bowlesia incana 0 1 purple spiderling BOPU Boerhavia purpurascens 0 1 fringed redmaids CACI2 Calandrinia ciliata 0 1 pitseed goosefoot CHBE4 Chenopodium berlandieri 0 10 royal sandmat CHDI5 Chamaesyce dioica 0 1 pillpod sandmat CHHI3 Chamaesyce hirta 0 1 leafy spurge CHHY3 Chamaesyce hyssopifolia 0 1 New Mexico goosefoot CHNE3 Chenopodium neomexicanum 0 10 sensitive partridge pea CHNI2 Chamaecrista nictitans 0 10 threadstem sandmat CHRE4 Chamaesyce revoluta 0 1 thymeleaf spurge CHSE6 Chamaesyce serpyllifolia 0 1 slimseed spurge CHST8 Chamaesyce stictospora 0 1 New Mexico thistle CINE Cirsium neomexicanum 0 10 miner's lettuce CLPEP Claytonia perfoliata ssp. perfoliata 0 1 golden corydalis COAU2 Corydalis aurea 0 2 Cryptantha CRYPT Cryptantha 0 1 Chihuahuan prairie clover DAEX2 Dalea exigua 0 1 American wild carrot DAPU3 Daucus pusillus 0 1 sacred datura DAWR2 Datura wrightii 0 1 western tansymustard DEPI Descurainia pinnata 0 5 buttonweed DITE2 Diodia teres 0 1 wedgeleaf draba DRCU Draba cuneifolia 0 2 Abert's buckwheat ERAB2 Eriogonum abertianum 0 5 miniature woollystar ERDI2 Eriastrum diffusum 0 1 spreading fleabane ERDI4 Erigeron divergens 0 1 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 8/12 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System sorrel buckwheat ERPO4 Eriogonum polycladon 0 5 Mexican gold poppy ESCAM Eschscholzia californica ssp. mexicana 0 1 Arizona blanketflower GAAR2 Gaillardia arizonica 0 1 velvetweed GAMO5 Gaura mollis 0 1 red dome blanketflower GAPI Gaillardia pinnatifida 0 1 lesser yellowthroat gilia GIFL Gilia flavocincta 0 1 El Paso gilia GIME Gilia mexicana 0 1 Glandularia bipinnatifida var. Dakota mock vervain GLBIB 0 1 bipinnatifida curlytop gumweed GRNUA Grindelia nuda var. aphanactis 0 20 longleaf false goldeneye HELOA2 Heliomeris longifolia var. annua 1 150 camphorweed HESU3 Heterotheca subaxillaris 0 25 poison rubberweed HYOD Hymenoxys odorata 0 15 crestrib morning-glory IPCO2 Ipomoea costellata 0 1 flaxflowered ipomopsis IPLOL Ipomopsis longiflora ssp. longiflora 0 1 El Paso skyrocket IPTH2 Ipomopsis thurberi 0 1 orange caltrop KAGR Kallstroemia grandiflora 0 5 warty caltrop KAPA Kallstroemia parviflora 0 1 Coulter's horseweed LACO13 Laennecia coulteri 0 1 Gordon bladderpod LEGO Lesquerella gordonii 0 1 broadleaf pepperweed LELA2 Lepidium latifolium 0 1 intermediate pepperweed LEVIM Lepidium virginicum var. medium 0 2 orange flax LIPU4 Linum puberulum 0 1 foothill deervetch LOHU2 Lotus humistratus 0 1 coastal bird's-foot trefoil LOSAB Lotus salsuginosus var. brevivexillus 0 1 shortstem lupine LUBR2 Lupinus brevicaulis 0 1 bajada lupine LUCOC Lupinus concinnus ssp. concinnus 0 1 Fendler desert-dandelion MAFE Malacothrix fendleri 0 1 slender tansyaster MAGR10 Machaeranthera gracilis 0 20 Tahoka tansyaster MATA2 Machaeranthera tanacetifolia 0 20 whitestem stickleaf MEAL6 Mentzelia albicaulis 0 1 green carpetweed MOVE Mollugo verticillata 0 1 spring evening-primrose OEPR Oenothera primiveris 0 1 Arizona phacelia PHAR13 Phacelia arizonica 0 1 Mangas Spring phacelia PHBO4 Phacelia bombycina 0 1 sky blue scorpionweed PHCA43 Phacelia caerulea(syn) 0 1 lipstick plant PLAR Plagiobothrys arizonicus 0 1 woolly Indianwheat PLPA2 Plantago patagonica 0 10 Portulaca PORTU Portulaca 0 1 yerba porosa PORU6 Porophyllum ruderale 0 1 straighttube devilsclaw PRAL4 Proboscidea althaeifolia 0 1 annual devilsclaw PRPA2 Proboscidea parviflora 0 1 Pseudognaphalium canescens ssp. Wright's cudweed PSCAC2 0 20 canescens Abert's creeping zinnia SAAB Sanvitalia abertii 0 1 sawtooth sage SASU7 Salvia subincisa 0 2 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 9/12 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System prostrate sida SIAB Sida abutifolia 0 1 sleepy catchfly SIAN2 Silene antirrhina 0 1 streptanthella STREP Streptanthella 0 1 golden crownbeard VEEN Verbesina encelioides 0 1

Annual Production Shrub/Vine in Pounds Per Acre Group Group Name Common Name Symbol Scientific Name Low High 8 - Dominant half shrubs 10 50 prairie acacia ACAN Acacia angustissima 0 5 yerba de pasmo baccharis BAPT Baccharis pteronioides 1 5 false mesquite CAER Calliandra eriophylla 1 15 shrubby buckwheat ERWR Eriogonum wrightii 1 15 range ratany KRER Krameria erecta 0 5 spreading ratany KRLA Krameria lanceolata 0 5

9 - Miscellaneous shrubs 0 15 catclaw acacia ACGR Acacia greggii 0 1 Pringle manzanita ARPR Arctostaphylos pringlei 0 1 threadleaf snakeweed GUMI Gutierrezia microcephala 0 2 broom snakeweed GUSA2 Gutierrezia sarothrae 0 5 burroweed ISTE2 Isocoma tenuisecta 0 2 pale wolfberry LYPA Lycium pallidum 0 1 wait-a-bit MIACB Mimosa aculeaticarpa var. biuncifera 0 2 velvetpod mimosa MIDY Mimosa dysocarpa 0 2 turbinella oak QUTU2 Quercus turbinella 0 1 skunkbush sumac RHTR Rhus trilobata 0 1 threadleaf ragwort SEFLF Senecio flaccidus var. flaccidus 0 1

10 - Succulents 1 15 Palmer agave AGPA3 Agave palmeri 1 5 Parry agave AGPA4 Agave parryi 0 1 cane cholla CYSP8 Cylindropuntia spinosior 0 2 scarlet hedgehog cactus ECCOC Echinocereus coccineus var. coccineus 0 1 pinkflower hedgehog ECFEF3 Echinocereus fendleri ssp. fendleri 0 1 cactus white fishhook cactus ECIN2 Echinomastus intertextus 0 1 rainbow hedgehog cactus ECRI3 Echinocereus rigidissimus 1 2 spinystar cactus ESVI2 Escobaria vivipara 0 1 fishhook pincushion MAGR9 Mammillaria grahamii 0 1 cactus Macdougal's nipple cactus MAHEM Mammillaria heyderi var. macdougalii 0 1 sacahuista NOMI Nolina microcarpa 0 5 Engelmann pricklypear OPEN3 Opuntia engelmannii 0 1 twistspine pricklypear OPMA2 Opuntia macrorhiza 0 1 tulip pricklypear OPPH Opuntia phaeacantha 0 1 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 10/12 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System banana yucca YUBA Yucca baccata 0 1 soaptree yucca YUEL Yucca elata 0 1

Annual Production Tree in Pounds Per Acre Group Group Name Common Name Symbol Scientific Name Low High 11 - Trees 0 20 alligator juniper JUDE2 Juniperus deppeana 0 5 oneseed juniper JUMO Juniperus monosperma 0 5 Arizona white oak QUAR Quercus arizonica 0 15 Emory oak QUEM Quercus emoryi 0 15

Annual Production by Plant Type: Annual Production (lbs/AC) Plant Type Low Representative Value High Forb 11 40 190 Grass/Grasslike 431 1000 1240 Shrub/Vine 11 30 80 Tree 0 5 20

Total: 453 1075 1530 Structure and Cover: Soil Surface Cover (%) Basal Cover Surface Non- Fragments Surface Shrub/ Vascular Biological > 1/4 & Fragments Bare Grass/Grasslike Forb Vine Tree Plants Crust Litter <= 3" > 3" Bedrock Water Ground 7 to 16 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 1 1 to 15 20 to 60 10 to 35 0 to 5 0 to 0 0 to 0 15 to 55

Structure of Canopy Cover (%) Grasses/Grasslike Forbs Shrubs/Vines Trees <=0.5 feet 5 to 15 1 to 5 0 to 5 > 0.5 - < 1 feet 15 to 30 1 to 5 1 to 5 < 1 - >= 2 feet 5 to 15 0 to 15 1 to 2 > 2 - < 4.5 feet 0 to 5 0 to 5 0 to 1 < 4.5 - >= 13 feet 0 to 1 > 13 - < 40 feet 0 to 5

Plant Growth Curve: Growth Curve Number: AZ4111 Growth Curve Name: 41.1 16-30" p.z. all sites Growth Curve Description: Growth begins in the spring, semi-dormancy occurs during the June drought, esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 11/12 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System most growth occurs during the summer rainy season. Percent Production by Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 0 0 0 5 10 0 1545205 0 0

Exotic perennial grasses This state occurs where yellow bluestem cultivars, Boer and / or weeping lovegrass has either invaded from established stands or been seeded into the area. These grasses become dominant and native perennial grasses and forbs exist only in remnant amounts. Cover and production of these species is very high and site stability and hydrologic function are very good.

Mesquite, juniper invaded This state occurs where the native plant community has been invaded by mesquite (velvet or western honey) or juniper (alligator or one seed). This happens in the absence of fire for long periods of time and in the presence of a seed source of the two species. At the higher canopy levels (25%) erosion can accelerate and the site become unstable.

Eroded state This state occurs where accelerated sheet and rill erosion has removed the surface (A) horizon and left clayey sub-soils at the surface. The new site potential resembles Clayey Upland (R041XA120AZ) with perennial grasses limited to those that can handle high shrink swell (vertic) clays and reproduce vegetatively (like tobosa and vine mesquite). Gullies may form in severe situations.

esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 12/12 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System

esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 13/12 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System

Ecological Site Description Plant Communities Ecological Dynamics of the Site The plant communities found on an ecological site are naturally variable. Composition and production will vary with yearly conditions, location, aspect, and the natural variability of the soils. The Historical Climax Plant Community represents the natural potential plant communities found on relict or relatively undisturbed sites. Other plant communities described here represent plant communities that are known to occur when the site is disturbed by factors such as fire, grazing, or drought.

Production data provided in this site description is standardized to air dry weight at the end of the summer growing season. The plant communities described in this site description are based on near normal rainfall years.

NRCS uses a Similarity Index to compare existing plant communities to the plant communities described here. Similarity index is determined by comparing the production and composition of a plant community to the production of a plant community described in this site description. To determine Similarity Index, compare the production (air dry weight) of each species to that shown in the plant community description. For each species, count no more than the maximum amount shown for the species, and for each group, count no more than the maximum amount shown for the group. Divide the resulting total by the total normal year production shown in the plant community description. If rainfall has been significantly above or below normal, use the total production shown for above or below normal years. If field data is not collected at the end of the summer growing season, then the field data must be corrected to the end of the year production before comparing it to the site description. The growth curve can be used as a guide for estimating production at the end of the summer growing season.

esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 1/13 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System

State and Transition, Loamy Slopes 12-16" p.z. Historic Climax Plant Community The potential plant community of this site is dominated by warm season perennial grasses with a variety of shrubs, succulents and forbs being well represented. The major perennial grasses are well dispersed throughout the plant community. The aspect is shrub dotted grassland.

With continuous heavy grazing, palatable perennial grasses are removed and species like mesquite, catclaw acacia, mimosa, ocotillo, snakeweed, burroweed and prickly pear increase to dominate. Natural fire may have been an important part in the development of the potential plant community. With steep slopes and heavy textured horizons near the soil surface, this site becomes an ineffective user of intense summer rainfall if the perennial grass cover is depleted. The potential of the site to produce grass is reduced as tree canopy increases. The site can produce effective herbaceous covers with up to 5- 10% tree canopy. Fire and drought interactions can deplete the perennial grass cover. When this is followed by a wet spring tremendous stands of annual forbs like goldeneye, poppy and lupine can result.

esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 2/13 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System

Loamy Slopes 12-16" pz. HCPC

Historic Climax Plant Community Plant Species Composition: Annual Production Grass/Grasslike in Pounds Per Acre Group Group Name Common Name Symbol Scientific Name Low High 1 - Dominant mid grasses 180 350 cane beardgrass BOBA3 Bothriochloa barbinodis 20 100 sideoats grama BOCU Bouteloua curtipendula 100 250 Arizona cottontop DICA8 Digitaria californica 10 50 tanglehead HECO10 Heteropogon contortus 10 100 green sprangletop LEDU Leptochloa dubia 20 150 plains bristlegrass SEVU2 Setaria vulpiseta 0 40

2 - Cool season grasses 10 100 bottlebrush squirreltail ELEL5 Elymus elymoides 1 25 plains lovegrass ERIN Eragrostis intermedia 5 100 prairie Junegrass KOMA Koeleria macrantha 0 25

3 - Dominant short grasses 110 150 sprucetop grama BOCH Bouteloua chondrosioides 0 25 black grama BOER4 Bouteloua eriopoda 20 100 blue grama BOGR2 Bouteloua gracilis 0 25 hairy grama BOHI2 Bouteloua hirsuta 10 100 purple grama BORA Bouteloua radicosa 0 25 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 3/13 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System common wolfstail LYPH Lycurus phleoides 1 25 Hall panicgrass PAHA Panicum hallii 0 25

4 - Short lived grasses 10 200 slender grama BORE2 Bouteloua repens 5 50 Rothrock grama BORO2 Bouteloua rothrockii 1 75 curly mesquite HIBE Hilaria belangeri 5 100

5 - Miscellaneous perennial grasses 5 45 red grama BOTR2 Bouteloua trifida 0 10 fluffgrass DAPU7 Dasyochloa pulchella 0 5 fall witchgrass DICO6 Digitaria cognata 1 15 woolly bunchgrass ELBA Elionurus barbiculmis 0 5 spike pappusgrass ENDE Enneapogon desvauxii 0 5 Arizona muhly MUAR3 Muhlenbergia arizonica 0 5 bullgrass MUEM Muhlenbergia emersleyi 0 10 bush muhly MUPO2 Muhlenbergia porteri 1 25 purple muhly MURI3 Muhlenbergia rigida 0 2 vine mesquite PAOB Panicum obtusum 0 10 tobosa PLMU3 Pleuraphis mutica 0 10 Texas bluestem SCCI2 Schizachyrium cirratum 0 5 southwestern bristlegrass SESC2 Setaria scheelei 0 5 spike dropseed SPCO4 Sporobolus contractus 0 5 sand dropseed SPCR Sporobolus cryptandrus 0 15 slim tridens TRMU Tridens muticus 0 15 crinkleawn TRSP12 Trachypogon spicatus 0 5

6 - Perennial threeawns 10 45 Santa Rita threeawn ARCAG Aristida californica var. glabrata 0 5 poverty threeawn ARDI5 Aristida divaricata 0 5 Havard's threeawn ARHA3 Aristida havardii 0 5 Wooton's threeawn ARPA9 Aristida pansa 0 5 purple threeawn ARPU9 Aristida purpurea 1 15 red threeawn ARPUL Aristida purpurea var. longiseta 1 25 blue threeawn ARPUN Aristida purpurea var. nealleyi 0 1 Parish threeawn ARPUP5 Aristida purpurea var. parishii 0 10 Wright's threeawn ARPUW Aristida purpurea var. wrightii 0 5 Orcutt's threeawn ARSCO Aristida schiedeana var. orcuttiana 0 10 spidergrass ARTE3 Aristida ternipes 5 25 mesa threeawn ARTEG Aristida ternipes var. gentilis 1 15

7 - Annual grasses 10 100 sixweeks threeawn ARAD Aristida adscensionis 1 40 prairie threeawn AROL Aristida oligantha 1 25 sixweeks needle grama BOAR Bouteloua aristidoides 0 15 sixweeks grama BOBA2 Bouteloua barbata 0 5 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 4/13 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System Arizona brome BRAR4 Bromus arizonicus 0 2 feather fingergrass CHVI4 Chloris virgata 0 5 tapertip cupgrass ERACA Eriochloa acuminata var. acuminata 0 5 Mexican lovegrass ERME Eragrostis mexicana 0 5 tufted lovegrass ERPE Eragrostis pectinacea 0 5 Eragrostis pectinacea var. desert lovegrass ERPEM 0 5 miserrima Mexican sprangletop LEFUU Leptochloa fusca ssp. uninervia 1 25 red sprangletop LEPA6 Leptochloa panicea 1 25 delicate muhly MUFR Muhlenbergia fragilis 0 5 littleseed muhly MUMI Muhlenbergia microsperma 0 5 witchgrass PACA6 Panicum capillare 0 5 Mexican panicgrass PAHI5 Panicum hirticaule 1 15 Bigelow's bluegrass POBI Poa bigelovii 0 5 prairie false oat TRIN5 Trisetum interruptum 0 2 Arizona signalgrass URAR Urochloa arizonica 0 25 Eastwood fescue VUMIC Vulpia microstachys var. ciliata 0 15 Vulpia microstachys var. desert fescue VUMIM 0 15 microstachys sixweeks fescue VUOC Vulpia octoflora 0 15

Annual Production Forb in Pounds Per Acre Group Group Name Common Name Symbol Scientific Name Low High 8 - Perennial Forbs 15 80 Palmer Indianmallow ABPA Abutilon palmeri 0 1 desert-holly ACNA2 Acourtia nana 0 5 pink perezia ACWR5 Acourtia wrightii 0 1 poreleaf dogweed ADPO2 Adenophyllum porophyllum 0 10 trailing four o'clock ALIN Allionia incarnata 1 10 largeflower onion ALMA4 Allium macropetalum 0 2 slimleaf bursage AMCO3 Ambrosia confertiflora 1 10 Anoda ANODA Anoda 0 1 desert anemone ANTU Anemone tuberosa 0 5 narrowleaf silverbush ARLA12 Argythamnia lanceolata 0 5 Louisiana sagewort ARLU Artemisia ludoviciana 0 5 New Mexico silverbush ARNE2 Argythamnia neomexicana 0 1 perennial rockcress ARPE2 Arabis perennans 1 5 Watson's dutchman's ARWA Aristolochia watsonii 0 1 pipe shrubby ayenia AYMI Ayenia microphylla 0 10 hairyseed bahia BAAB Bahia absinthifolia 0 1 desert marigold BAMU Baileya multiradiata 0 1 lyreleaf greeneyes BELY Berlandiera lyrata 0 1 scarlet spiderling BOCO Boerhavia coccinea 0 2 climbing wartclub BOSC Boerhavia scandens 0 2 Arizona carlowrightia CAAR7 Carlowrightia arizonica 0 2 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 5/13 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System desert mariposa lily CAKE Calochortus kennedyi 0 1 sego lily CANU3 Calochortus nuttallii 0 1 Castilleja CASTI2 Castilleja 0 2 hoary bindweed COEQ Convolvulus equitans 0 2 whitemouth dayflower COER Commelina erecta 0 2 leatherweed CRPO5 Croton pottsii 0 2 Cooley's bundleflower DECO2 Desmanthus cooleyi 0 5 bluedicks DICA14 Dichelostemma capitatum 1 15 Dyschoriste schiedeana var. spreading snakeherb DYSCD 0 1 decumbens spreading fleabane ERDI4 Erigeron divergens 1 10 desert trumpet ERIN4 Eriogonum inflatum 0 2 buckwheat hairy evolvulus EVAR Evolvulus arizonicus 0 5 Arizona snakecotton FRAR2 Froelichia arizonica 0 1 Gaura GAURA Gaura 0 1 Gooding mock verbena GLGO Glandularia gooddingii 0 2 pearly globe amaranth GONI Gomphrena nitida 0 1 small matweed GUDE Guilleminea densa 0 1 Arizona rosemallow HIBI Hibiscus biseptus 0 1 Coulter hibiscus HICO Hibiscus coulteri 0 1 hogpotato HOGL2 Hoffmannseggia glauca 0 5 slender janusia JAGR Janusia gracilis 1 20 ragged nettlespurge JAMA Jatropha macrorhiza 0 1 San Pedro daisy LAPO4 Lasianthaea podocephala 0 1 Lewis blue flax LILE3 Linum lewisii 0 10 Parry's false prairie- MAPA7 Marina parryi 0 2 clover spiny tansyaster MAPI Machaeranthera pinnatifida 0 5 plains blackfoot daisy MELE2 Melampodium leucanthum 1 10 wishbone four o'clock MILAV Mirabilis laevis var. villosa 0 1 desert tobacco NIOB Nicotiana obtusifolia 0 1 tufted evening-primrose OECA10 Oenothera caespitosa 0 5 Parry penstemon PEPA24 Penstemon parryi 0 2 orange talinum PHAU13 Phemeranthus aurantiacus 0 1 ivyleaf groundcherry PHHE4 Physalis hederifolia 0 1 yerba de venado POGR5 Porophyllum gracile 1 20 velvetseed milkwort POOB Polygala obscura 0 1 shrubby purslane POSU3 Portulaca suffrutescens 0 1 Pseudognaphalium PSEUD43 Pseudognaphalium 0 2 slimflower scurfpea PSTE5 Psoralidium tenuiflorum 0 1 twinleaf senna SEBA3 Senna bauhinioides 0 1 desert senna SECO10 Senna covesii 0 2 New Mexico sida SINE Sida neomexicana 0 1 silverleaf nightshade SOEL Solanum elaeagnifolium 0 1 desert globemallow SPAM2 Sphaeralcea ambigua 5 20 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 6/13 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System gooseberryleaf SPGR2 Sphaeralcea grossulariifolia 0 1 globemallow brownplume wirelettuce STPA4 Stephanomeria pauciflora 2 10 big talinum TAPA2 Talinum paniculatum 0 1 hairy fournwort TENE Tetramerium nervosum 0 1 Tradescantia TRADE Tradescantia 0 1 branched noseburn TRRA5 Tragia ramosa 0 1 American vetch VIAM Vicia americana 0 5 Louisiana vetch VILUL2 Vicia ludoviciana ssp. ludoviciana 0 5 Texas zinnia ZIGR Zinnia grandiflora 0 1

9 - Annual forbs 10 150 New Mexico copperleaf ACNE Acalypha neomexicana 0 5 carelessweed AMPA Amaranthus palmeri 1 20 western fiddleneck AMTE3 Amsinckia tessellata 0 50 bluestem pricklypoppy ARPL3 Argemone pleiacantha 0 1 Astralagus ASTRA Astragalus 0 15 wheelscale saltbush ATEL Atriplex elegans 0 2 fewflower beggarticks BILE Bidens leptocephala 0 5 Coulter spiderling BOCO2 Boerhavia coulteri 0 15 hairy bowlesia BOIN3 Bowlesia incana 0 1 fringed redmaids CACI2 Calandrinia ciliata 0 2 exserted Indian CAEXE Castilleja exserta ssp. exserta 0 10 paintbrush lipfern CHEIL Cheilanthes 0 1 Chenopodium CHENO Chenopodium 1 45 sensitive partridge pea CHNI2 Chamaecrista nictitans 1 25 New Mexico thistle CINE Cirsium neomexicanum 1 15 miner's lettuce CLPEP Claytonia perfoliata ssp. perfoliata 0 1 golden corydalis COAU2 Corydalis aurea 0 2 Cryptantha CRYPT Cryptantha 0 15 American wild carrot DAPU3 Daucus pusillus 0 5 western tansymustard DEPI Descurainia pinnata 1 25 wedgeleaf draba DRCU Draba cuneifolia 0 2 western wallflower ERCA14 Erysimum capitatum 0 1 miniature woollystar ERDI2 Eriastrum diffusum 0 10 sorrel buckwheat ERPO4 Eriogonum polycladon 0 10 bull filaree ERTE13 Erodium texanum 0 1 Eschscholzia californica ssp. Mexican gold poppy ESCAM 0 15 mexicana Arizona blanketflower GAAR2 Gaillardia arizonica 0 1 star gilia GIST Gilia stellata 0 2 Gooding mock verbena GLGO Glandularia gooddingii 0 2 Arizona gumweed GRAR2 Grindelia arizonica 0 5 longleaf false goldeneye HELOA2 Heliomeris longifolia var. annua 1 50 camphorweed HESU3 Heterotheca subaxillaris 0 5 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 7/13 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System crestrib morning-glory IPCO2 Ipomoea costellata 0 15 Thurber's morning-glory IPTH Ipomoea thurberi 0 5 orange caltrop KAGR Kallstroemia grandiflora 0 15 warty caltrop KAPA Kallstroemia parviflora 0 5 Goodding bladderpod LEGO2 Lesquerella gooddingii 0 1 shaggyfruit pepperweed LELA Lepidium lasiocarpum 0 15 intermediate pepperweed LEVIM Lepidium virginicum var. medium 0 15 orange flax LIPU4 Linum puberulum 0 1 foothill deervetch LOHU2 Lotus humistratus 0 5 Lotus salsuginosus var. coastal bird's-foot trefoil LOSAB 0 15 brevivexillus Arizona lupine LUAR4 Lupinus arizonicus 0 2 Mojave lupine LUSP2 Lupinus sparsiflorus 0 15 slender tansyaster MAGR10 Machaeranthera gracilis 0 15 Tahoka tansyaster MATA2 Machaeranthera tanacetifolia 0 25 patota MONU Monolepis nuttalliana 0 1 green carpetweed MOVE Mollugo verticillata 0 2 spring evening-primrose OEPR Oenothera primiveris 0 2 Florida pellitory PAFL3 Parietaria floridana 0 1 Pectocarya PECTO Pectocarya 0 10 cliffbrake PELLA Pellaea 0 1 manybristle cinchweed PEPA2 Pectis papposa 0 2 Phacelia PHACE Phacelia 0 15 Phlox PHLOX Phlox 0 1 lipstick plant PLAR Plagiobothrys arizonicus 0 15 desert Indianwheat PLOV Plantago ovata 0 10 woolly Indianwheat PLPA2 Plantago patagonica 0 5 Portulaca PORTU Portulaca 0 2 straighttube devilsclaw PRAL4 Proboscidea althaeifolia 0 1 annual devilsclaw PRPA2 Proboscidea parviflora 0 1 desert-chicory RANE Rafinesquia neomexicana 0 5 chia SACO6 Salvia columbariae 0 1 sawtooth sage SASU7 Salvia subincisa 0 5 prostrate sida SIAB Sida abutifolia 1 5 sleepy catchfly SIAN2 Silene antirrhina 1 5 woolly tidestromia TILA2 Tidestromia lanuginosa 0 15 golden crownbeard VEEN Verbesina encelioides 0 1

Annual Production Shrub/Vine in Pounds Per Acre Group Group Name Common Name Symbol Scientific Name Low High 10 - Dominant half shrubs 60 150 false mesquite CAER Calliandra eriophylla 20 100 white brittlebush ENFA Encelia farinosa 0 15 rayless brittlebush ENFR Encelia frutescens 0 10 shrubby buckwheat ERWR Eriogonum wrightii 10 100 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 8/13 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System broom snakeweed GUSA2 Gutierrezia sarothrae 1 20 range ratany KRER Krameria erecta 5 50 spreading ratany KRLA Krameria lanceolata 0 10 rough menodora MESC Menodora scabra 0 10 desert zinnia ZIAC Zinnia acerosa 0 10

11 - Miscellaneous Shrubs 0 40 orange Indianmallow ABIN Abutilon incanum 0 10 prairie acacia ACAN Acacia angustissima 0 5 whitethorn acacia ACCO2 Acacia constricta 0 2 mintbush lippia ALWR Aloysia wrightii 0 2 fourwing saltbush ATCA2 Atriplex canescens 0 5 shortleaf baccharis BABR Baccharis brachyphylla 0 5 yerba de pasmo BAPT Baccharis pteronioides 0 5 baccharis Coulter brickellbush BRCO Brickellia coulteri 0 5 desert hackberry CEEH Celtis ehrenbergiana 0 5 javelina bush COER5 Condalia ericoides 0 5 knifeleaf condalia COSP3 Condalia spathulata 0 5 Mexican crucillo COWA Condalia warnockii 0 5 Kearney's snakewood COWAK Condalia warnockii var. kearneyana 0 5 longleaf Mormon tea EPTR Ephedra trifurca 0 5 flattop buckwheat ERFA2 Eriogonum fasciculatum 0 2 turpentine bush ERLA12 Ericameria laricifolia 0 1 ocotillo FOSP2 Fouquieria splendens 0 5 threadleaf snakeweed GUMI Gutierrezia microcephala 0 1 gumhead GYGL Gymnosperma glutinosum 0 1 burroweed ISTE2 Isocoma tenuisecta 0 1 winterfat KRLA2 Krascheninnikovia lanata 0 2 Lycium LYCIU Lycium 0 5 algerita barberry MATR3 Mahonia trifoliolata 0 5 Mimosa aculeaticarpa var. wait-a-bit MIACB 0 5 biuncifera velvetpod mimosa MIDY Mimosa dysocarpa 0 5 foothill palo verde PAMI5 Parkinsonia microphylla 0 2 whitestem paperflower PSCO2 Psilostrophe cooperi 0 1 turbinella oak QUTU2 Quercus turbinella 0 10 skunkbush sumac RHTR Rhus trilobata 0 5 marvel dewberry RUMI3 Rubus mirus 0 2 Sageretia SAGER Sageretia 0 2 threadleaf ragwort SEFLF Senecio flaccidus var. flaccidus 0 1 jojoba SICH Simmondsia chinensis 0 5 California trixis TRCA8 Trixis californica 0 2 Parish's goldeneye VIPA14 Viguiera parishii 0 2 graythorn ZIOB Ziziphus obtusifolia 0 1

esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 9/13 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System 12 - Succulents 5 50 desert agave AGDE Agave deserti 0 1 Palmer agave AGPA3 Agave palmeri 0 15 Parry agave AGPA4 Agave parryi 0 1 saguaro CAGI10 Carnegiea gigantea 0 5 pencil cholla CYAR14 Cylindropuntia arbuscula 0 1 jumping cholla CYFU10 Cylindropuntia fulgida 0 2 Christmas cholla CYLE8 Cylindropuntia leptocaulis 0 2 cane cholla CYSP8 Cylindropuntia spinosior 0 5 staghorn cholla CYVE3 Cylindropuntia versicolor 0 2 sotol DAWH2 Dasylirion wheeleri 0 2 Echinocereus ECHIN3 Echinocereus 0 5 white fishhook cactus ECIN2 Echinomastus intertextus 0 1 rainbow cactus ECPE Echinocereus pectinatus 0 1 spinystar cactus ESVI2 Escobaria vivipara 0 1 fishhook barrel cactus FEWI Ferocactus wislizeni 1 5 fishhook pincushion MAGR9 Mammillaria grahamii 0 1 cactus little nipple cactus MAHE2 Mammillaria heyderi 0 1 sacahuista NOMI Nolina microcarpa 0 5 dollarjoint pricklypear OPCH Opuntia chlorotica 0 5 Engelmann pricklypear OPEN3 Opuntia engelmannii 1 15 Opuntia macrocentra var. purple pricklypear OPMAM 0 5 macrocentra tulip pricklypear OPPH Opuntia phaeacantha 0 5 banana yucca YUBA Yucca baccata 0 5 soaptree yucca YUEL Yucca elata 0 5

Annual Production Tree in Pounds Per Acre Group Group Name Common Name Symbol Scientific Name Low High 13 - Trees 1 45 catclaw acacia ACGR Acacia greggii 1 15 oneseed juniper JUMO Juniperus monosperma 0 15 blue palo verde PAFL6 Parkinsonia florida 0 15 western honey mesquite PRGLT Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana 0 25 velvet mesquite PRVE Prosopis velutina 0 25

Annual Production by Plant Type: Annual Production (lbs/AC) Plant Type Low Representative Value High Forb 25 50 230 Grass/Grasslike 335 700 990 Shrub/Vine 65 150 240 Tree 1 5 45 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 10/13 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System Total: 426 905 1505 Structure and Cover: Soil Surface Cover (%) Basal Cover Surface Non- Fragments Surface Shrub/ Vascular Biological > 1/4 & Fragments Bare Grass/Grasslike Forb Vine Tree Plants Crust Litter <= 3" > 3" Bedrock Water Ground 6 to 15 0 to 1 0 to 2 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 5 10 to 50 15 to 55 0 to 8 0 to 0 0 to 0 15 to 25

Structure of Canopy Cover (%) Grasses/Grasslike Forbs Shrubs/Vines Trees <=0.5 feet 2 to 15 1 to 5 > 0.5 - < 1 feet 2 to 15 1 to 20 1 to 10 < 1 - >= 2 feet 15 to 30 0 to 5 1 to 10 > 2 - < 4.5 feet 0 to 10 0 to 1 0 to 2 < 4.5 - >= 13 feet 0 to 1 0 to 1

Plant Growth Curve: Growth Curve Number: AZ4131 Growth Curve Name: 41.3 12-16" p.z. hill sites Growth Curve Description: Growth begins in the spring, semi-dormancy occurs during the June drought, most growth occurs during the summer rainy season. Percent Production by Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 0 0 5 1010 0 3030105 0 0

Mesquite, native grasses and forbs Mesquite increases or invades in the absence of fire for long periods of time. Other shrubs like prickly esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 11/13 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System pear, blue paloverde, ocotillo, cholla, snakeweed and brittlebush can increase to make the site appear shrubby. Native perennial grasses and forbs still dominate the herbaceous layer of the plant community.

Loamy Slopes 12-16" pz. shrubby state

Annual forbs and grasses The interactions of fire, drought and continuous grazing act to remove perennial grasses from the plant community. Annuals, both native and non-native dominate the herbaceous layer of the plant community. The shrubby component of the community remains unchanged. Some soil compaction has occurred and sheet erosion has accelerated.

esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 12/13 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System

Loamy Slopes 12-16" pz. Selevin soil profile

Lehmann lovegrass invaded Lehmann lovegrass invades from seeded areas and roadsides, trails and right of ways. The interactions of fire, drought and continuous grazing cause openings in the native grass community which are filled by Lehmann. As Lehmann becomes dominant the diversity of native herbaceous species declines. The shrubby component of the site does not appear to be as affected as the herbaceous component by increases in Lehmann lovegrass.

Eroded w/wo mesquite. Severe soil compaction and trailing from heavy, continuous livestock grazing results in loss of plant cover, changes in hydrology and accelerated sheet and rill erosion. Gullies can form where runoff is concentrated from roadways or trails. Shrubs like mesquite and cacti may or may not have increased to dominate. Perennial grasses and forbs are present only in trace amounts.

esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 13/13 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System

esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 14/13 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System

Ecological Site Description Plant Communities Ecological Dynamics of the Site The plant communities found on an ecological site are naturally variable. Composition and production will vary with yearly conditions, location, aspect, and the natural variability of the soils. The historic climax plant community represents the natural potential plant communities found on relict or relatively undisturbed sites. Other plant communities described here represent plant communities that are known to occur when the site is disturbed by factors like fire, grazing, or drought.

Production data provided in this site description is standardized to air dry weight at the end of the summer growing season. The plant communities described in this site description are based on near- normal rainfall years.

NRCS uses a Similarity Index to compare existing plant communities to the plant communities listed here. Similarity Index is determined by comparing the production and composition of a plant community to the production and composition of a plant community described in the site description. To determine Similarity Index, compare the production (air dry weight) of each species to that shown in the plant community description. For each species, and for each group, count no more than the maximum amount shown for that group. Divide the resulting total by the total normal year production shown in the plant community description. If the rainfall has been significantly above or below normal, use the total production shown for above or below normal years. If field data is not collected at the end of the summer growing season, then the field data must be corrected to the end of the year production before comparing it to the site description. The growth curve can be used as a guide for estimating production at the end of the summer growing season.

esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 1/16 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System

State and Transition, Loamy Slopes 16-20" p.z. esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 2/16 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System Historic Climax Plant Community The historic native state includes the plant communities that occur on the site, including the historic climax plant community. This state includes other plant communities that naturally occupy the site following fire, drought, flooding, herbivores, and other natural disturbances. The historic climax plant community represents the natural climax community that eventually re-occupies the site with proper management.

The potential plant community on this site is dominated by warm season perennial mid-grasses. The major grass species are well dispersed throughout the plant community. Stands of Palmer agave occur in dense patches and are not well dispersed through areas of the site. Several species of low shrubs, cacti and other succulents, and forbs are well represented in this plant community. The aspect is open grassland to savannah. North slopes will often have an open canopy of oaks and / or juniper. South slopes will be agave dotted grassland.

With continuous, heavy grazing, mid-grasses are removed from the plant community and replaced by short grasses such as curly mesquite, slender grama and sprucetop grama. With severe deterioration, shrubby species such as wait-a-bit mimosa, one-seed and alligator juniper, and mesquite can increase to dominate the site. With good management, native mid-grasses will be able to regain their dominance in the plant community, unless soil erosion is severe enough to strip away the surface horizon. Mesquite and Lehmann lovegrass are at the upper limits of their elevation range, but can increase on the site, especially below 5000 feet elevation and on southern exposures. Climatic warming may allow these two species to push higher in elevation as time goes by. Naturally occurring fires in June-August were an important factor in shaping this plant community. Fire-free intervals range from 10-20 years. Without disturbance like grazing or fire, perennial mid-grasses can become decadent and forbs like annual goldeneye, cudweed and camphorweed can increase to dominate the plant community. This site is the principal habitat for the Agave Palmeri in southeastern Arizona, an important food source for the endangered lesser long-nosed bat in June, July, and August. Dense stands of this species occur scattered throughout areas of this site. Nectar production in these stands ranges from 6-10 gallons per acre.

Periodic drought can occur in this LRA and cause significant grass mortality. Droughts in the early 30s, mid 50s, 1975-1976, 88-89, 95-96 and 2002 resulted in the loss of much of the grass cover on this site. The site recovers rapidly, however, due to excellent covers of stone, cobbles and gravel and the favorable climate that prevails in this common resource area.

esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 3/16 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System

Loamy Slopes 16-20" pz. Agave Palmeri

Historic Climax Plant Community Plant Species Composition: Annual Production Grass/Grasslike in Pounds Per Acre esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 4/16 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System Group Group Name Common Name Symbol Scientific Name Low High 1 - Dominant mid-grasses 700 1500 Orcutt's threeawn ARSCO Aristida schiedeana var. orcuttiana 10 200 cane beardgrass BOBA3 Bothriochloa barbinodis 50 200 sideoats grama BOCU Bouteloua curtipendula 400 700 Arizona cottontop DICA8 Digitaria californica 0 50 woolly bunchgrass ELBA Elionurus barbiculmis 0 50 plains lovegrass ERIN Eragrostis intermedia 200 700 tanglehead HECO10 Heteropogon contortus 20 100 green sprangletop LEDU Leptochloa dubia 20 200 bullgrass MUEM Muhlenbergia emersleyi 0 200 purple muhly MURI3 Muhlenbergia rigida 0 100 Texas bluestem SCCI2 Schizachyrium cirratum 0 200 crinkleawn TRSP12 Trachypogon spicatus 0 200

2 - Dominant short grasses 10 300 sprucetop grama BOCH Bouteloua chondrosioides 0 50 black grama BOER4 Bouteloua eriopoda 0 50 blue grama BOGR2 Bouteloua gracilis 0 50 hairy grama BOHI2 Bouteloua hirsuta 1 100 purple grama BORA Bouteloua radicosa 0 45 slender grama BORE2 Bouteloua repens 0 25 fall witchgrass DICO6 Digitaria cognata 1 25 curly mesquite HIBE Hilaria belangeri 5 50 common wolfstail LYPH Lycurus phleoides 0 25 Hall panicgrass PAHA Panicum hallii 0 25

3 - Cool season grasses 2 50 densetuft hairsedge BUCA2 Bulbostylis capillaris 0 5 Carex CAREX Carex 1 10 Cyperus CYPER Cyperus 0 5 squirreltail ELELE Elymus elymoides ssp. elymoides 1 50 prairie Junegrass KOMA Koeleria macrantha 0 20 pinyon ricegrass PIFI Piptochaetium fimbriatum 0 20 muttongrass POFE Poa fendleriana 0 2

4 - Miscellaneous perennial grasses 5 75 poverty threeawn ARDI5 Aristida divaricata 0 1 Havard's threeawn ARHA3 Aristida havardii 0 1 red threeawn ARPUL Aristida purpurea var. longiseta 0 10 Wright's threeawn ARPUW Aristida purpurea var. wrightii 0 5 spidergrass ARTE3 Aristida ternipes 1 25 Rothrock grama BORO2 Bouteloua rothrockii 0 2 silver bluestem BOSA Bothriochloa saccharoides 0 25 spike pappusgrass ENDE Enneapogon desvauxii 0 1 Porter melicgrass MEPO Melica porteri 0 2 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 5/16 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System Arizona muhly MUAR3 Muhlenbergia arizonica 0 2 bush muhly MUPO2 Muhlenbergia porteri 0 1 bulb panicgrass PABU Panicum bulbosum 0 5 maidencane PAHE2 Panicum hemitomon 0 5 vine mesquite PAOB Panicum obtusum 0 10 tobosa PLMU3 Pleuraphis mutica 0 20 little bluestem SCSC Schizachyrium scoparium 0 10 yellow bristlegrass SELE6 Setaria leucopila 0 5 sand dropseed SPCR Sporobolus cryptandrus 0 2 big sacaton SPWR2 Sporobolus wrightii 0 2 slim tridens TRMU Tridens muticus 0 1 rough tridens TRMUE Tridens muticus var. elongatus 0 1

5 - Annual grasses 0 15 fragilegrass AETE Aegopogon tenellus 0 1 sixweeks threeawn ARAD Aristida adscensionis 0 1 prairie threeawn AROL Aristida oligantha 0 2 sixweeks needle grama BOAR Bouteloua aristidoides 0 1 sixweeks grama BOBA2 Bouteloua barbata 0 1 matted grama BOSI2 Bouteloua simplex 0 1 Arizona brome BRAR4 Bromus arizonicus 0 1 feather fingergrass CHVI4 Chloris virgata 0 1 tapertip cupgrass ERACA Eriochloa acuminata var. acuminata 0 5 Mexican lovegrass ERME Eragrostis mexicana 0 1 tufted lovegrass ERPEP2 Eragrostis pectinacea var. pectinacea 0 1 pitscale grass HAGR3 Hackelochloa granularis 0 1 sweet tanglehead HEME Heteropogon melanocarpus 0 1 little barley HOPU Hordeum pusillum 0 1 Mexican sprangletop LEFUU Leptochloa fusca ssp. uninervia 0 1 mucronate sprangeltop LEPAB Leptochloa panicea ssp. brachiata 0 1 delicate muhly MUFR Muhlenbergia fragilis 0 1 littleseed muhly MUMI Muhlenbergia microsperma 0 1 witchgrass PACA6 Panicum capillare 0 2 Mexican panicgrass PAHI5 Panicum hirticaule 0 5 prairie false oat TRIN5 Trisetum interruptum 0 1 Arizona signalgrass URAR Urochloa arizonica 0 2 Eastwood fescue VUMIC Vulpia microstachys var. ciliata 0 2 Pacific fescue VUMIP Vulpia microstachys var. pauciflora 0 2 sixweeks fescue VUOC Vulpia octoflora 0 5

Annual Production Forb in Pounds Per Acre Group Group Name Common Name Symbol Scientific Name Low High 6 - Perennial forbs 10 50 trailing four o'clock ALIN Allionia incarnata 0 1 largeflower onion ALMA4 Allium macropetalum 0 2 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 6/16 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System slimleaf bursage AMCO3 Ambrosia confertiflora 1 2 throw-up weed AMPA3 Amoreuxia palmatifida 0 1 western ragweed AMPS Ambrosia psilostachya 0 1 desert anemone ANTU Anemone tuberosa 0 2 melon loco APUN Apodanthera undulata 0 1 Louisiana sagewort ARLU Artemisia ludoviciana 1 10 perennial rockcress ARPE2 Arabis perennans 0 1 Watson's dutchman's pipe ARWA Aristolochia watsonii 0 1 Arizona milkvetch ASAR6 Astragalus arizonicus 0 1 spider milkweed ASAS Asclepias asperula 0 1 Cochise scaly cloakfern ASCO42 Astrolepis cochisensis 0 1 chaparral asphead ASHI3 Aspicarpa hirtella 0 1 broadleaf milkweed ASLA4 Asclepias latifolia 0 1 woolly locoweed ASMOB Astragalus mollissimus var. bigelovii 0 1 sheep milkvetch ASNO3 Astragalus nothoxys 0 1 horsetail milkweed ASSU2 Asclepias subverticillata 0 1 shrubby ayenia AYMI Ayenia microphylla 0 1 hairyseed bahia BAAB Bahia absinthifolia 0 1 lyreleaf greeneyes BELY Berlandiera lyrata 0 1 scarlet spiderling BOCO Boerhavia coccinea 0 1 copper fern BOHI Bommeria hispida 0 1 dwarf stickpea CAHUR Calliandra humilis var. reticulata 1 2 grayleaf Indian paintbrush CAIN14 Castilleja integra 0 1 desert mariposa lily CAKE Calochortus kennedyi 0 1 sego lily CANU3 Calochortus nuttallii 0 1 Castilleja CASTI2 Castilleja 0 1 whitemargin spurge CHAL11 Chamaesyce albomarginata 0 1 rose heath CHER2 Chaetopappa ericoides 0 5 Fendler's lipfern CHFE2 Cheilanthes fendleri 0 1 fairyswords CHLI Cheilanthes lindheimeri 0 1 birdbill dayflower CODI4 Commelina dianthifolia 0 1 hoary bindweed COEQ Convolvulus equitans 0 1 whitemouth dayflower COER Commelina erecta 0 1 bastard toadflax COUM Comandra umbellata 0 2 leatherweed CRPO5 Croton pottsii 0 5 fingerleaf gourd CUDI Cucurbita digitata 0 1 coyote melon CUPA Cucurbita palmata 0 1 whiteflower dalea DAAL Dalea albiflora 0 1 Gregg's prairie clover DAGR2 Dalea greggii 0 5 James' prairie clover DAJA Dalea jamesii 0 1 dwarf prairie clover DANA Dalea nana 0 1 New Mexico dalea DANE Dalea neomexicana 0 1 Cooley's bundleflower DECO2 Desmanthus cooleyi 1 10 bluedicks DICA14 Dichelostemma capitatum 1 10 Dyschoriste schiedeana var. spreading snakeherb DYSCD 0 5 decumbens esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 7/16 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System Torrey's craglily ECFL Echeandia flavescens 0 1 spreading fleabane ERDI4 Erigeron divergens 0 2 trailing fleabane ERFL Erigeron flagellaris 1 5 oakbelt fleabane ERNE3 Erigeron neomexicanus 0 2 Mexican fireplant EUHE4 Euphorbia heterophylla 0 1 sun spurge EURA2 Euphorbia radians 0 1 hairy evolvulus EVAR Evolvulus arizonicus 0 5 prostrate evolvulus EVNU Evolvulus nuttallianus 0 1 silver evolvulus EVSE Evolvulus sericeus 0 2 Arizona snakecotton FRAR2 Froelichia arizonica 0 1 scarlet gaura GACO5 Gaura coccinea 0 1 pearly globe amaranth GONI Gomphrena nitida 0 1 small matweed GUDE Guilleminea densa 0 2 hogpotato HOGL2 Hoffmannseggia glauca 0 1 red bluet HORU Houstonia rubra 0 1 babyslippers HYVE Hybanthus verticillatus 0 1 ragged nettlespurge JAMA Jatropha macrorhiza 0 1 San Pedro daisy LAPO4 Lasianthaea podocephala 0 1 Fendler bladderpod LEFE Lesquerella fendleri 0 1 narrowleaf puccoon LIIN2 Lithospermum incisum 0 1 Lewis blue flax LILE3 Linum lewisii 0 1 Greene deervetch LOGR4 Lotus greenei 0 1 Wright deervetch LOWR Lotus wrightii 0 2 Huachuca Mountain MABR Macrosiphonia brachysiphon 1 10 rocktrumpet variableleaf bushbean MAGI2 Macroptilium gibbosifolium 0 1 spiny tansyaster MAPI Machaeranthera pinnatifida 0 2 Mexican star MIBI2 Milla biflora 0 1 Monarda citriodora ssp. lemon beebalm MOCIA 0 1 austromontana tufted evening-primrose OECA10 Oenothera caespitosa 0 2 radish root woodsorrel OXAL Oxalis albicans 0 1 Drummond's woodsorrel OXDR Oxalis drummondii 0 1 Oxytropis OXYTR Oxytropis 0 1 beardlip penstemon PEBA2 Penstemon barbatus 0 1 Cochise beardtongue PEDA Penstemon dasyphyllus 0 1 mat cinchweed PELO Pectis longipes 0 1 Parry penstemon PEPA24 Penstemon parryi 0 1 narrowleaf bean PHAN3 Phaseolus angustissimus 0 1 orange talinum PHAU13 Phemeranthus aurantiacus 0 10 ivyleaf groundcherry PHHE4 Physalis hederifolia 0 1 white milkwort POAL4 Polygala alba 0 1 velvetseed milkwort POOB Polygala obscura 0 1 shrubby purslane POSU3 Portulaca suffrutescens 0 2 slimflower scurfpea PSTE5 Psoralidium tenuiflorum 0 1 buffpetal RHPH2 Rhynchosida physocalyx 0 1 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 8/16 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System Texas snoutbean RHSET Rhynchosia senna var. texana 1 5 slimleaf plainsmustard SCLI12 Schoenocrambe linearifolia 0 1 twinleaf senna SEBA3 Senna bauhinioides 0 1 Lemmon's ragwort SELE8 Senecio lemmonii 0 1 New Mexico sida SINE Sida neomexicana 0 1 silverleaf nightshade SOEL Solanum elaeagnifolium 0 1 Missouri goldenrod SOMI2 Solidago missouriensis 0 2 narrowleaf globemallow SPAN3 Sphaeralcea angustifolia 0 1 gooseberryleaf SPGR2 Sphaeralcea grossulariifolia 0 1 globemallow brownplume wirelettuce STPA4 Stephanomeria pauciflora 0 2 big talinum TAPA2 Talinum paniculatum 0 1 Coulter's wrinklefruit TECO Tetraclea coulteri 0 1 hairy fournwort TENE Tetramerium nervosum 0 1 longstalk greenthread THLO Thelesperma longipes 0 1 Hopi tea greenthread THME Thelesperma megapotamicum 0 1 pinewoods spiderwort TRPI Tradescantia pinetorum 0 1 branched noseburn TRRA5 Tragia ramosa 0 1 Fort Huachuca vervain VEGR2 Verbena gracilis 0 1 American vetch VIAM Vicia americana 0 1 Louisiana vetch VILUL2 Vicia ludoviciana ssp. ludoviciana 0 1 copper zephyrlily ZELO Zephyranthes longifolia 0 1 Texas zinnia ZIGR Zinnia grandiflora 0 2

7 - Annual Forbs 1 200 New Mexico copperleaf ACNE Acalypha neomexicana 0 2 carelessweed AMPA Amaranthus palmeri 0 5 spurred anoda ANCR2 Anoda cristata 0 1 bluestem pricklypoppy ARPL3 Argemone pleiacantha 0 1 halfmoon milkvetch ASAL6 Astragalus allochrous 0 1 Nuttall milkvetch ASNU4 Astragalus nuttallianus 0 10 Thurber milkvetch ASTH Astragalus thurberi 0 10 wheelscale saltbush ATEL Atriplex elegans 0 1 fewflower beggarticks BILE Bidens leptocephala 0 1 Coulter spiderling BOCO2 Boerhavia coulteri 0 1 erect spiderling BOER Boerhavia erecta 0 1 hairy bowlesia BOIN3 Bowlesia incana 0 1 purple spiderling BOPU Boerhavia purpurascens 0 1 fringed redmaids CACI2 Calandrinia ciliata 0 1 pitseed goosefoot CHBE4 Chenopodium berlandieri 0 10 royal sandmat CHDI5 Chamaesyce dioica 0 1 pillpod sandmat CHHI3 Chamaesyce hirta 0 1 leafy spurge CHHY3 Chamaesyce hyssopifolia 0 1 New Mexico goosefoot CHNE3 Chenopodium neomexicanum 0 10 sensitive partridge pea CHNI2 Chamaecrista nictitans 0 10 threadstem sandmat CHRE4 Chamaesyce revoluta 0 1 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 9/16 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System thymeleaf spurge CHSE6 Chamaesyce serpyllifolia 0 1 slimseed spurge CHST8 Chamaesyce stictospora 0 1 New Mexico thistle CINE Cirsium neomexicanum 0 10 miner's lettuce CLPEP Claytonia perfoliata ssp. perfoliata 0 1 golden corydalis COAU2 Corydalis aurea 0 2 Cryptantha CRYPT Cryptantha 0 1 Chihuahuan prairie clover DAEX2 Dalea exigua 0 1 American wild carrot DAPU3 Daucus pusillus 0 1 sacred datura DAWR2 Datura wrightii 0 1 western tansymustard DEPI Descurainia pinnata 0 5 buttonweed DITE2 Diodia teres 0 1 wedgeleaf draba DRCU Draba cuneifolia 0 2 Abert's buckwheat ERAB2 Eriogonum abertianum 0 5 miniature woollystar ERDI2 Eriastrum diffusum 0 1 spreading fleabane ERDI4 Erigeron divergens 0 1 sorrel buckwheat ERPO4 Eriogonum polycladon 0 5 Mexican gold poppy ESCAM Eschscholzia californica ssp. mexicana 0 1 Arizona blanketflower GAAR2 Gaillardia arizonica 0 1 velvetweed GAMO5 Gaura mollis 0 1 red dome blanketflower GAPI Gaillardia pinnatifida 0 1 lesser yellowthroat gilia GIFL Gilia flavocincta 0 1 El Paso gilia GIME Gilia mexicana 0 1 Glandularia bipinnatifida var. Dakota mock vervain GLBIB 0 1 bipinnatifida curlytop gumweed GRNUA Grindelia nuda var. aphanactis 0 5 longleaf false goldeneye HELOA2 Heliomeris longifolia var. annua 1 200 camphorweed HESU3 Heterotheca subaxillaris 0 50 crestrib morning-glory IPCO2 Ipomoea costellata 0 5 redstar IPCO3 Ipomoea coccinea 0 5 ivyleaf morning-glory IPHE Ipomoea hederacea 0 5 flaxflowered ipomopsis IPLOL Ipomopsis longiflora ssp. longiflora 0 1 Thurber's morning-glory IPTH Ipomoea thurberi 0 2 El Paso skyrocket IPTH2 Ipomopsis thurberi 0 1 orange caltrop KAGR Kallstroemia grandiflora 0 5 warty caltrop KAPA Kallstroemia parviflora 0 1 Coulter's horseweed LACO13 Laennecia coulteri 0 1 Gordon bladderpod LEGO Lesquerella gordonii 0 1 broadleaf pepperweed LELA2 Lepidium latifolium 0 1 intermediate pepperweed LEVIM Lepidium virginicum var. medium 0 2 orange flax LIPU4 Linum puberulum 0 1 foothill deervetch LOHU2 Lotus humistratus 0 1 coastal bird's-foot trefoil LOSAB Lotus salsuginosus var. brevivexillus 0 1 shortstem lupine LUBR2 Lupinus brevicaulis 0 1 bajada lupine LUCOC Lupinus concinnus ssp. concinnus 0 1 Fendler desert-dandelion MAFE Malacothrix fendleri 0 1 slender tansyaster MAGR10 Machaeranthera gracilis 0 5 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 10/16 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System mesa tansyaster MATA Machaeranthera tagetina 0 10 Tahoka tansyaster MATA2 Machaeranthera tanacetifolia 0 5 whitestem stickleaf MEAL6 Mentzelia albicaulis 0 1 longtube four o'clock MILO2 Mirabilis longiflora 0 5 green carpetweed MOVE Mollugo verticillata 0 1 spring evening-primrose OEPR Oenothera primiveris 0 1 purple-white owlclover ORPU2 Orthocarpus purpureoalbus 0 1 Arizona phacelia PHAR13 Phacelia arizonica 0 1 Mangas Spring phacelia PHBO4 Phacelia bombycina 0 1 sky blue scorpionweed PHCA43 Phacelia caerulea(syn) 0 1 lipstick plant PLAR Plagiobothrys arizonicus 0 1 woolly Indianwheat PLPA2 Plantago patagonica 0 10 Portulaca PORTU Portulaca 0 1 yerba porosa PORU6 Porophyllum ruderale 0 1 straighttube devilsclaw PRAL4 Proboscidea althaeifolia 0 1 annual devilsclaw PRPA2 Proboscidea parviflora 0 1 Pseudognaphalium canescens ssp. Wright's cudweed PSCAC2 0 20 canescens Abert's creeping zinnia SAAB Sanvitalia abertii 0 1 sawtooth sage SASU7 Salvia subincisa 0 2 prostrate sida SIAB Sida abutifolia 0 1 sleepy catchfly SIAN2 Silene antirrhina 0 1 streptanthella STREP Streptanthella 0 1 golden crownbeard VEEN Verbesina encelioides 0 1

Annual Production Shrub/Vine in Pounds Per Acre Group Group Name Common Name Symbol Scientific Name Low High 8 - Dominant half shrubs 10 50 prairie acacia ACAN Acacia angustissima 1 10 yerba de pasmo baccharis BAPT Baccharis pteronioides 1 10 false mesquite CAER Calliandra eriophylla 5 20 cliff goldenbush ERCUS Ericameria cuneata var. spathulata 0 10 shrubby buckwheat ERWR Eriogonum wrightii 1 10 range ratany KRER Krameria erecta 0 5 spreading ratany KRLA Krameria lanceolata 0 5

9 - Succulents 2 50 Palmer agave AGPA3 Agave palmeri 1 40 Parry agave AGPA4 Agave parryi 0 1 Parry's agave AGPAP5 Agave parryi ssp. parryi 0 1 Santa Cruz beehive cactus CORE3 Coryphantha recurvata 0 1 cane cholla CYSP8 Cylindropuntia spinosior 0 1 sotol DAWH2 Dasylirion wheeleri 0 2 scarlet hedgehog cactus ECCOC Echinocereus coccineus var. coccineus 0 1 pinkflower hedgehog ECFEF3 Echinocereus fendleri ssp. fendleri 0 1 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 11/16 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System ECFEF3 Echinocereus fendleri ssp. fendleri 0 1 cactus white fishhook cactus ECIN2 Echinomastus intertextus 0 1 rainbow cactus ECPE Echinocereus pectinatus 0 1 claretcup hedgehog cactus ECTR Echinocereus triglochidiatus 0 1 spinystar cactus ESVI2 Escobaria vivipara 0 1 fishhook pincushion MAGR9 Mammillaria grahamii 0 1 cactus Macdougal's nipple cactus MAHEM Mammillaria heyderi var. macdougalii 0 1 sacahuista NOMI Nolina microcarpa 1 30 Engelmann pricklypear OPEN3 Opuntia engelmannii 0 1 tulip pricklypear OPPH Opuntia phaeacantha 0 1 banana yucca YUBA Yucca baccata 0 1 soaptree yucca YUEL Yucca elata 0 1 Schott yucca YUSC Yucca ×schottii 0 1

10 - Miscellaneous shrubs 0 10 catclaw acacia ACGR Acacia greggii 0 1 Santa Rita acacia ACMI Acacia millefolia 0 1 mintbush lippia ALWR Aloysia wrightii 0 1 desert-honeysuckle ANTH2 Anisacanthus thurberi 0 1 Pringle manzanita ARPR Arctostaphylos pringlei 0 1 pointleaf manzanita ARPU5 Arctostaphylos pungens 0 1 California brickellbush BRCA3 Brickellia californica 0 2 false boneset BREU Brickellia eupatorioides 0 1 longleaf Mormon tea EPTR Ephedra trifurca 0 1 broom snakeweed GUSA2 Gutierrezia sarothrae 0 1 wait-a-bit MIACB Mimosa aculeaticarpa var. biuncifera 0 1 velvetpod mimosa MIDY Mimosa dysocarpa 0 1 Graham's mimosa MIGR2 Mimosa grahamii 0 1 turbinella oak QUTU2 Quercus turbinella 0 2 littleleaf desert sumac RHMI3 Rhus microphylla 0 1 skunkbush sumac RHTR Rhus trilobata 0 1 evergreen sumac RHVIC Rhus virens var. choriophylla 0 1 heartleaf goldeneye VICO Viguiera cordifolia 0 1

Annual Production Tree in Pounds Per Acre Group Group Name Common Name Symbol Scientific Name Low High 11 - Trees 0 50 alligator juniper JUDE2 Juniperus deppeana 0 5 oneseed juniper JUMO Juniperus monosperma 0 5 Arizona white oak QUAR Quercus arizonica 0 25 Emory oak QUEM Quercus emoryi 0 25 Mexican blue oak QUOB Quercus oblongifolia 0 20

Annual Production by Plant Type: esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 12/16 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System Annual Production (lbs/AC) Plant Type Low Representative Value High Forb 11 60 250 Grass/Grasslike 740 1400 1940 Shrub/Vine 12 50 110 Tree 0 10 50

Total: 763 1520 2350 Structure and Cover: Soil Surface Cover (%) Basal Cover Surface Non- Fragments Surface Shrub/ Vascular Biological > 1/4 & Fragments Bare Grass/Grasslike Forb Vine Tree Plants Crust Litter <= 3" > 3" Bedrock Water Ground 8 to 15 0 to 1 1 to 2 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 5 20 to 50 15 to 45 0 to 5 0 to 0 0 to 0 15 to 40

Structure of Canopy Cover (%) Grasses/Grasslike Forbs Shrubs/Vines Trees <=0.5 feet 5 to 10 1 to 10 1 to 5 > 0.5 - < 1 feet 10 to 20 1 to 10 1 to 5 < 1 - >= 2 feet 15 to 30 1 to 20 1 to 10 > 2 - < 4.5 feet 5 to 15 0 to 2 1 to 10 < 4.5 - >= 13 feet 0 to 5 0 to 5 > 13 - < 40 feet 0 to 5

Plant Growth Curve: Growth Curve Number: AZ4111 Growth Curve Name: 41.1 16-30" p.z. all sites Growth Curve Description: Growth begins in the spring, semi-dormancy occurs during the June drought, most growth occurs during the summer rainy season. Percent Production by Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 0 0 0 5 10 0 1545205 0 0

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Exotic grasses This state occurs where non-native lovegrass species or yellow bluestem, have invaded from adjacent areas or roads and ROWs with a seed source. As these species increase to dominate the plant community, native perennial grasses and forbs decrease to remnant amounts. Fire will usually act to increase species like Lehmann lovegrass. The native half shrubs seem to be able to stay in the plant community. It is not know how Agave Palmeri fares under this condition.

Loamy Slopes 16-20" pz. Lehmann lovegrass

esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 14/16 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System Shrub invaded This state occurs where mesquite, wait a bit mimosa, one-seed juniper and / or alligator juniper have invaded or increased to dominate the plant community. This occurs in the absence of fire for long periods of time, with continuous grazing and in the presence of a seed source of these species. As canopy levels of trees and shrubs approach 30%, sheet and rill erosion can begin to accelerate.

Loamy Slopes 16-20" pz. juniper invaded

Eroded surface This state occurs where severe soil compaction and trailing has resulted in loss of plant cover and an increase in runoff. Sheet and rill erosion accelerates and the surface (A) horizon is removed faster than it can be replaced by down-slope soil movement and weathering of the ridgetops. When the subsurface argillic (clayey) horizons are exposed, the site has lost its potential productivity. The plant community will shift from warm season plants to cool season plants and the ratio of runoff to infiltration will increase.

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Loamy Slopes 16-20" pz. trailed and eroded

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Ecological Site Description Plant Communities Ecological Dynamics of the Site The potential plant communities found on an ecological site are naturally variable. Composition and production will vary with yearly conditions, location, aspect, and the natural variability of the soils. The Historical Climax Plant Community represents the natural potential plant communities found on relict or relatively undisturbed sites. Other plant communities described here represent plant communities that are known to occur when the site is disturbed by factors such as fire, grazing, or drought.

Production data provided in this site description is standardized to air dry weight at the end of the summer growing season. The plant communities described in this site description are based on near normal rainfall years.

NRCS uses a Similarity Index to compare existing plant communities to the plant communities described here. Similarity index is determined by comparing the production and composition of a plant community to the production of a plant community described in this site description. To determine Similarity Index, compare the production (air dry weight) of each species to that shown in the plant community description. For each species, count no more than the maximum amount shown for the species, and for each group, count no more than the maximum amount shown for the group. Divide the resulting total by the total normal year production shown in the plant community description. If rainfall has been significantly above or below normal, use the total production shown for above or below normal years. If field data is not collected at the end of the summer growing season, then the field data must be corrected to the end of the year production before comparing it to the site description. The growth curve can be used as a guide for estimating production at the end of the summer growing season.

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State and Transition, Loamy Upland 12-16" pz. Historic Climax Plant Community The potential plant community on this site is dominated by warm season perennial grasses. All the major perennial grass species on the site are well dispersed throughout the plant community. Perennial forbs and a few species of low shrubs are well represented on the site. The aspect is open grassland.

With continuous heavy grazing, palatable perennial grasses like blue, hairy, sprucetop and sideoats gramas and plains lovegrass decrease. Increasers under such circumstances include curly mesquite, threeawns and, in places, false mesquite. With severe deterioration, shrubby species increase to dominate. Loss of porous surface soil causes a reduction in the site's ability to effectively use intense summer rainfall. Natural fire was important in the development of the potential plant community. Stable areas of the site can produce effective herbaceous covers with up to 10% canopy cover of mesquite. In areas where half-shrubs dominate the under-story, the potential production of perennial grass is about the same as the present production of half-shrubs once they are removed from the plant community by fire or brush management. esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 2/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System

Loamy Upland 12-16" pz. Dos Cabezas Cemetary

Historic Climax Plant Community Plant Species Composition: Annual Production Grass/Grasslike in Pounds Per Acre Group Group Name Common Name Symbol Scientific Name Low High 1 - Dominant Mid Grasses 300 500 cane beardgrass BOBA3 Bothriochloa barbinodis 50 200 sideoats grama BOCU Bouteloua curtipendula 200 500 plains lovegrass ERIN Eragrostis intermedia 50 200

2 - Dominant Short Grasses 150 300 sprucetop grama BOCH Bouteloua chondrosioides 50 100 black grama BOER4 Bouteloua eriopoda 50 100 blue grama BOGR2 Bouteloua gracilis 50 250 hairy grama BOHI2 Bouteloua hirsuta 0 50 slender grama BORE2 Bouteloua repens 0 50 common wolfstail LYPH Lycurus phleoides 0 50

3 - Shortlived Grasses 20 150 Rothrock grama BORO2 Bouteloua rothrockii 10 50 curly mesquite HIBE Hilaria belangeri 10 50 Arizona muhly MUAR3 Muhlenbergia arizonica 0 25 sand dropseed SPCR Sporobolus cryptandrus 0 50

esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 3/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System 4 - Subdominant Mid Grasses 10 150 Arizona cottontop DICA8 Digitaria californica 5 50 tanglehead HECO10 Heteropogon contortus 0 40 bush muhly MUPO2 Muhlenbergia porteri 0 50 plains bristlegrass SEVU2 Setaria vulpiseta 5 50

5 - Perennial Threeawns 50 100 Santa Rita threeawn ARCAG Aristida californica var. glabrata 0 15 poverty threeawn ARDI5 Aristida divaricata 5 30 Havard's threeawn ARHA3 Aristida havardii 0 10 Wooton's threeawn ARPA9 Aristida pansa 0 10 purple threeawn ARPU9 Aristida purpurea 0 25 red threeawn ARPUL Aristida purpurea var. longiseta 5 50 Parish threeawn ARPUP5 Aristida purpurea var. parishii 0 25 Wright's threeawn ARPUW Aristida purpurea var. wrightii 0 10 spidergrass ARTE3 Aristida ternipes 5 50 mesa threeawn ARTEG Aristida ternipes var. gentilis 5 50

6 - Miscellaneous Grasses 6 50 purple grama BORA Bouteloua radicosa 0 20 red grama BOTR2 Bouteloua trifida 0 10 fluffgrass DAPU7 Dasyochloa pulchella 0 5 fall witchgrass DICO6 Digitaria cognata 1 20 bottlebrush squirreltail ELEL5 Elymus elymoides 5 50 spike pappusgrass ENDE Enneapogon desvauxii 0 5 green sprangletop LEDU Leptochloa dubia 0 20 Hall panicgrass PAHA Panicum hallii 0 5 vine mesquite PAOB Panicum obtusum 0 20 Pima pappusgrass PAVA2 Pappophorum vaginatum 0 20 tobosa PLMU3 Pleuraphis mutica 0 25 burrograss SCBR2 Scleropogon brevifolius 0 10 spike dropseed SPCO4 Sporobolus contractus 0 5 slim tridens TRMU Tridens muticus 0 5

7 - Annual Grasses 10 100 sixweeks threeawn ARAD Aristida adscensionis 1 50 prairie threeawn AROL Aristida oligantha 1 20 sixweeks needle grama BOAR Bouteloua aristidoides 1 50 sixweeks grama BOBA2 Bouteloua barbata 1 25 Parry's grama BOPA2 Bouteloua parryi 0 10 Arizona brome BRAR4 Bromus arizonicus 0 5 feather fingergrass CHVI4 Chloris virgata 0 50 tapertip cupgrass ERACA Eriochloa acuminata var. acuminata 0 25 Mexican lovegrass ERME Eragrostis mexicana 0 15 tufted lovegrass ERPE Eragrostis pectinacea 0 20 desert lovegrass ERPEM Eragrostis pectinacea var. miserrima 0 20 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 4/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System Mexican sprangletop LEFUU Leptochloa fusca ssp. uninervia 0 20 mucronate sprangeltop LEPAB Leptochloa panicea ssp. brachiata 0 25 delicate muhly MUFR Muhlenbergia fragilis 0 5 littleseed muhly MUMI Muhlenbergia microsperma 0 10 witchgrass PACA6 Panicum capillare 0 10 Mexican panicgrass PAHI5 Panicum hirticaule 0 50 Bigelow's bluegrass POBI Poa bigelovii 0 5 Arizona signalgrass URAR Urochloa arizonica 0 20 sixweeks fescue VUOC Vulpia octoflora 1 50

Annual Production Forb in Pounds Per Acre Group Group Name Common Name Symbol Scientific Name Low High 8 - Perennial Forbs 5 75 desert-holly ACNA2 Acourtia nana 0 5 pink perezia ACWR5 Acourtia wrightii 0 5 San Felipe dogweed ADPO Adenophyllum porophylloides 0 2 trailing four o'clock ALIN Allionia incarnata 0 5 slimleaf bursage AMCO3 Ambrosia confertiflora 1 25 Anoda ANODA Anoda 0 5 desert anemone ANTU Anemone tuberosa 0 5 rockcress ARABI2 Arabis 0 5 New Mexico silverbush ARNE2 Argythamnia neomexicana 0 5 pioneer rockcress ARPL Arabis platysperma 0 5 bluestem pricklypoppy ARPL3 Argemone pleiacantha 0 5 Watson's dutchman's pipe ARWA Aristolochia watsonii 0 5 shrubby ayenia AYMI Ayenia microphylla 0 10 hairyseed bahia BAAB Bahia absinthifolia 0 5 desert marigold BAMU Baileya multiradiata 0 5 lyreleaf greeneyes BELY Berlandiera lyrata 0 2 climbing wartclub BOSC Boerhavia scandens 0 2 Arizona carlowrightia CAAR7 Carlowrightia arizonica 0 5 Castilleja CASTI2 Castilleja 0 1 rose heath CHER2 Chaetopappa ericoides 0 2 leatherweed CRPO5 Croton pottsii 0 10 fingerleaf gourd CUDI Cucurbita digitata 0 2 coyote melon CUPA Cucurbita palmata 0 2 Cooley's bundleflower DECO2 Desmanthus cooleyi 0 5 desert larkspur DEPA Delphinium parishii 0 1 bluedicks DICA14 Dichelostemma capitatum 1 20 dogbane dyssodia DYPA Dyssodia papposa 0 5 Dyschoriste schiedeana var. spreading snakeherb DYSCD 0 10 decumbens spreading fleabane ERDI4 Erigeron divergens 1 20 hairy evolvulus EVAR Evolvulus arizonicus 1 10 Arizona snakecotton FRAR2 Froelichia arizonica 0 5 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 5/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System Gaura GAURA Gaura 0 5 small matweed GUDE Guilleminea densa 0 5 hogpotato HOGL2 Hoffmannseggia glauca 0 10 slender janusia JAGR Janusia gracilis 0 10 ragged nettlespurge JAMA Jatropha macrorhiza 0 5 Greene deervetch LOGR4 Lotus greenei 0 5 Wright deervetch LOWR Lotus wrightii 1 10 Gila manroot MAGI Marah gilensis 0 5 variableleaf bushbean MAGI2 Macroptilium gibbosifolium 0 5 spiny tansyaster MAPI Machaeranthera pinnatifida 1 20 desert tobacco NIOB Nicotiana obtusifolia 0 1 tufted evening-primrose OECA10 Oenothera caespitosa 0 5 orange talinum PHAU13 Phemeranthus aurantiacus 0 5 yerba de venado POGR5 Porophyllum gracile 0 5 velvetseed milkwort POOB Polygala obscura 0 5 spiny milkwort POSU2 Polygala subspinosa 0 2 shrubby purslane POSU3 Portulaca suffrutescens 0 2 Arizona cudweed PSAR12 Pseudognaphalium arizonicum 0 5 Pseudognaphalium canescens ssp. Wright's cudweed PSCAC2 0 5 canescens slimflower scurfpea PSTE5 Psoralidium tenuiflorum 0 1 canaigre RUHY Rumex hymenosepalus 0 2 twinleaf senna SEBA3 Senna bauhinioides 0 5 Leiberg stonecrop SELE Sedum leibergii 0 5 Lemmon's ragwort SELE8 Senecio lemmonii 0 5 New Mexico sida SINE Sida neomexicana 0 10 silverleaf nightshade SOEL Solanum elaeagnifolium 0 5 desert globemallow SPAM2 Sphaeralcea ambigua 1 20 gooseberryleaf SPGR2 Sphaeralcea grossulariifolia 0 2 globemallow brownplume wirelettuce STPA4 Stephanomeria pauciflora 1 20 big talinum TAPA2 Talinum paniculatum 0 2 Coulter's wrinklefruit TECO Tetraclea coulteri 0 5 pricklyleaf dogweed THAC Thymophylla acerosa 0 5 branched noseburn TRRA5 Tragia ramosa 0 2 American vetch VIAM Vicia americana 0 5 Louisiana vetch VILU Vicia ludoviciana 0 5 copper zephyrlily ZELO Zephyranthes longifolia 0 1 Texas zinnia ZIGR Zinnia grandiflora 1 10

9 - Annual forbs 15 150 New Mexico copperleaf ACNE Acalypha neomexicana 0 5 carelessweed AMPA Amaranthus palmeri 1 20 western fiddleneck AMTE3 Amsinckia tessellata 0 5 bluestem pricklypoppy ARPL3 Argemone pleiacantha 0 2 Astralagus ASTRA Astragalus 1 20 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 6/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System wheelscale saltbush ATEL Atriplex elegans 0 15 fewflower beggarticks BILE Bidens leptocephala 0 2 Coulter spiderling BOCO2 Boerhavia coulteri 1 20 hairy bowlesia BOIN3 Bowlesia incana 0 5 fringed redmaids CACI2 Calandrinia ciliata 0 10 Camissonia CAMIS Camissonia 0 5 sego lily CANU3 Calochortus nuttallii 1 2 common lambsquarters CHAL7 Chenopodium album 1 20 sensitive partridge pea CHNI2 Chamaecrista nictitans 1 50 New Mexico thistle CINE Cirsium neomexicanum 1 15 miner's lettuce CLPEP Claytonia perfoliata ssp. perfoliata 0 5 golden corydalis COAU2 Corydalis aurea 0 10 Cryptantha CRYPT Cryptantha 0 5 American wild carrot DAPU3 Daucus pusillus 1 5 Wright dalea DAWR Dalea wrightii 0 5 sacred datura DAWR2 Datura wrightii 0 5 western tansymustard DEPI Descurainia pinnata 1 20 wedgeleaf draba DRCU Draba cuneifolia 0 5 western wallflower ERCA14 Erysimum capitatum 0 2 miniature woollystar ERDI2 Eriastrum diffusum 0 5 sorrel buckwheat ERPO4 Eriogonum polycladon 1 10 bull filaree ERTE13 Erodium texanum 0 5 Mexican gold poppy ESCAM Eschscholzia californica ssp. mexicana 0 15 Euphorbia EUPHO Euphorbia 0 5 Arizona blanketflower GAAR2 Gaillardia arizonica 0 5 star gilia GIST Gilia stellata 0 5 Gooding mock verbena GLGO Glandularia gooddingii 0 5 pearly globe amaranth GONI Gomphrena nitida 0 5 Arizona gumweed GRAR2 Grindelia arizonica 0 5 longleaf false goldeneye HELOA2 Heliomeris longifolia var. annua 1 50 camphorweed HESU3 Heterotheca subaxillaris 0 25 crestrib morning-glory IPCO2 Ipomoea costellata 1 20 redstar IPCO3 Ipomoea coccinea 0 2 Thurber's morning-glory IPTH Ipomoea thurberi 0 5 orange caltrop KAGR Kallstroemia grandiflora 0 25 warty caltrop KAPA Kallstroemia parviflora 0 2 Gordon bladderpod LEGO Lesquerella gordonii 0 5 shaggyfruit pepperweed LELA Lepidium lasiocarpum 0 15 intermediate pepperweed LEVIM Lepidium virginicum var. medium 0 5 Lewis blue flax LILE3 Linum lewisii 0 5 foothill deervetch LOHU2 Lotus humistratus 0 15 coastal bird's-foot trefoil LOSAB Lotus salsuginosus var. brevivexillus 0 15 Arizona lupine LUAR4 Lupinus arizonicus 0 5 Mojave lupine LUSP2 Lupinus sparsiflorus 0 5 hollowleaf annual lupine LUSU3 Lupinus succulentus 0 20 Fendler desert-dandelion MAFE Malacothrix fendleri 0 2 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 7/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System slender tansyaster MAGR10 Machaeranthera gracilis 1 25 Tahoka tansyaster MATA2 Machaeranthera tanacetifolia 1 25 whitestem stickleaf MEAL6 Mentzelia albicaulis 0 5 patota MONU Monolepis nuttalliana 0 5 Pectocarya PECTO Pectocarya 0 5 manybristle cinchweed PEPA2 Pectis papposa 0 10 tepary bean PHAC Phaseolus acutifolius 0 10 Phacelia PHACE Phacelia 0 5 Phlox PHLOX Phlox 0 5 Physalis PHYSA Physalis 0 5 lipstick plant PLAR Plagiobothrys arizonicus 1 25 desert Indianwheat PLOV Plantago ovata 1 20 woolly Indianwheat PLPA2 Plantago patagonica 1 25 Portulaca PORTU Portulaca 0 10 straighttube devilsclaw PRAL4 Proboscidea althaeifolia 0 5 annual devilsclaw PRPA2 Proboscidea parviflora 0 5 desert-chicory RANE Rafinesquia neomexicana 0 5 chia SACO6 Salvia columbariae 0 2 sawtooth sage SASU7 Salvia subincisa 1 5 prostrate sida SIAB Sida abutifolia 1 15 sleepy catchfly SIAN2 Silene antirrhina 0 5 woolly tidestromia TILA2 Tidestromia lanuginosa 0 10 golden crownbeard VEEN Verbesina encelioides 0 5

Annual Production Shrub/Vine in Pounds Per Acre Group Group Name Common Name Symbol Scientific Name Low High 10 - Dominant Half-shrubs 50 100 false mesquite CAER Calliandra eriophylla 20 100 shrubby buckwheat ERWR Eriogonum wrightii 10 50 range ratany KRER Krameria erecta 20 50 spreading ratany KRLA Krameria lanceolata 0 50 desert zinnia ZIAC Zinnia acerosa 0 50

11 - Increaser Half-shrubs 1 40 turpentine bush ERLA12 Ericameria laricifolia 0 10 threadleaf snakeweed GUMI Gutierrezia microcephala 0 20 broom snakeweed GUSA2 Gutierrezia sarothrae 1 30 burroweed ISTE2 Isocoma tenuisecta 0 30

12 - Miscellaneous Shrubs 0 20 whitethorn acacia ACCO2 Acacia constricta 0 2 whitethorn acacia ACCOP9 Acacia constricta var. paucispina 0 5 catclaw acacia ACGRG3 Acacia greggii var. greggii 0 5 fourwing saltbush ATCA2 Atriplex canescens 0 10 yerba de pasmo baccharis BAPT Baccharis pteronioides 0 2 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 8/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System desert hackberry CEEH Celtis ehrenbergiana 0 10 knifeleaf condalia COSP3 Condalia spathulata 0 5 Mexican crucillo COWA Condalia warnockii 0 2 Kearney's snakewood COWAK Condalia warnockii var. kearneyana 0 2 rayless brittlebush ENFR Encelia frutescens 0 1 longleaf Mormon tea EPTR Ephedra trifurca 0 2 tarbush FLCE Flourensia cernua 0 2 ocotillo FOSP2 Fouquieria splendens 0 2 Lycium LYCIU Lycium 0 2 rough menodora MESC Menodora scabra 0 5 wait-a-bit MIACB Mimosa aculeaticarpa var. biuncifera 0 5 velvetpod mimosa MIDY Mimosa dysocarpa 0 2 sacahuista NOMI Nolina microcarpa 0 5 whitestem paperflower PSCO2 Psilostrophe cooperi 0 1 threadleaf groundsel SEFL3 Senecio flaccidus 0 1 graythorn ZIOB Ziziphus obtusifolia 0 2

13 - Succulents 2 50 Palmer agave AGPA3 Agave palmeri 0 5 Coryphantha CORYP Coryphantha 0 5 pencil cholla CYAR14 Cylindropuntia arbuscula 0 2 jumping cholla CYFU10 Cylindropuntia fulgida 0 5 candle cholla CYKL Cylindropuntia kleiniae 0 2 Christmas cholla CYLE8 Cylindropuntia leptocaulis 0 5 cane cholla CYSP8 Cylindropuntia spinosior 0 5 staghorn cholla CYVE3 Cylindropuntia versicolor 0 5 Echinocereus ECHIN3 Echinocereus 0 5 Echinocereus pectinatus var. rainbow cactus ECPEP 0 1 pectinatus spinystar cactus ESVI2 Escobaria vivipara 0 1 fishhook barrel cactus FEWI Ferocactus wislizeni 1 5 Mammillaria MAMMI Mammillaria 0 5 Engelmann pricklypear OPEN3 Opuntia engelmannii 1 5 Opuntia macrocentra var. purple pricklypear OPMAM 0 5 macrocentra tulip pricklypear OPPH Opuntia phaeacantha 0 5 Santa Rita pricklypear OPSA Opuntia santa-rita 0 2 banana yucca YUBA Yucca baccata 0 5 soaptree yucca YUEL Yucca elata 0 5

Annual Production Tree in Pounds Per Acre Group Group Name Common Name Symbol Scientific Name Low High 14 - Trees 0 15 oneseed juniper JUMO Juniperus monosperma 0 2 Mexican palo verde PAAC3 Parkinsonia aculeata 0 2 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 9/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System blue palo verde PAFL6 Parkinsonia florida 0 2 western honey mesquite PRGLT Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana 0 5 velvet mesquite PRVE Prosopis velutina 0 5

Annual Production by Plant Type: Annual Production (lbs/AC) Plant Type Low Representative Value High Forb 20 45 225 Grass/Grasslike 546 850 1350 Shrub/Vine 53 100 210 Tree 0 5 15

Total: 619 1000 1800 Structure and Cover: Soil Surface Cover (%) Basal Cover Surface Non- Fragments Surface Shrub/ Vascular Biological > 1/4 & Fragments Bare Grass/Grasslike Forb Vine Tree Plants Crust Litter <= 3" > 3" Bedrock Water Ground 6 to 25 0 to 1 1 to 5 0 to 1 0 to 1 1 to 10 10 to 60 5 to 40 0 to 15 0 to 0 0 to 0 15 to 25

Structure of Canopy Cover (%) Grasses/Grasslike Forbs Shrubs/Vines Trees <=0.5 feet 10 to 25 0 to 5 1 to 10 > 0.5 - < 1 feet 10 to 25 0 to 2 1 to 10 < 1 - >= 2 feet 10 to 15 0 to 2 0 to 5 > 2 - < 4.5 feet 1 to 5 0 to 1 < 4.5 - >= 13 feet 0 to 1

Plant Growth Curve: Growth Curve Number: AZ4134 Growth Curve Name: 41.3 12-16" p.z. other sites Growth Curve Description: Growth begins in the spring, semi-dormancy occurs during the May through June drought, most growth occurs during the summer rains. Percent Production by Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 0 0 5 100 0 3035155 0 0

esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 10/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System

Mesquite, native grass Mesquite increases in the absence of fire for long periods of time. Native perennial grasses maintain dominance with good grazing management, and with mesquite canopy levels from 2 to 10%. Short gramas and curly mesquite are dominant and the site remains stable as long as their basal cover does not drop below 6 or 7%. Snakeweed and burroweed cycle with climate but never gain dominance. Cholla and prickly pear cycle with climate but never become dominant. Some soil compaction has occurred due to livestock traffic, but hydrologic relationships are not impaired.

Loamy Upland 12-16" pz. Mesquite, native grasses

Mesquite, Lehmann lovegrass esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 11/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System Mesquite has increased in the absence of fire for long periods of time to canopy levels of 10%. Lehmann and / or Boer lovegrass have invaded from seeded areas and dominate the under-story. Remnant native perennial grasses diminish over time. Fire may act to increase exotic lovegrass at the expense of native perennial grasses, but may allow native annual species a chance to make seed and persist in the seed-bank. Some soil compaction has occurred due to livestock traffic, but hydrologic relationships have not been impaired.

Loamy Upland 12-16" pz. Mesquite, Lehmann invasion

Mesquite, annual grasses and forbs Mesquite and other large shrubs have increased and are dominant with canopies from 10 to 15%. Native and non-native annual forbs and grasses, both cool and warm season, dominate the under-story. Snakeweed and burroweed cycle with climate, but both remain important in the plant community. Native perennial grasses are largely gone, due to the interactions of drought, fire and continuous, heavy grazing. Usually, soil compaction and the loss of herbaceous cover have resulted in sheet and rill erosion on this site. Hydrologic relationships have changed to increase the amount of runoff. As the, coarse textured, soil surface is lost to erosion, the ratio of runoff to infiltration increases.

esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 12/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System

Loamy Upland 12-16" pz. Mesquite, annuals

Dense mesquite, cacti and other shrubs Mesquite continues to increase up to canopy levels of 25%. Other shrubs and succulents dominate the under-story. Remnant perennial grasses exist only in the protection of cacti and shrubs. Occasional fires may burn in exceptionally wet seasons, but well established mesquite and other shrubs sprout back to a thorn scrub stage. Soil compaction, due to heavy livestock traffic, and lack of herbaceous cover has resulted in sheet, rill and gully erosion. Hydrologic relationships have changed to greatly increase the amounts of runoff. As the, coarse textured, soil surface is lost to erosion, the site loses its ability to capture intense summer rainfall, productivity declines, and cool season shrubs and succulents are the only plants able to persist.

esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 13/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System

Loamy Upland 12-16" pz. Dense mesquite, erosion

Cultivated African lovegrass This state is a man made pasture of introduced African lovegrass. It does not show on the state and transition model in the interest of space, but can be created from any of the mesquite states. Mesquite and other shrubs are bulldozed; brush is placed in gullies and rills; and species like Lehmann, Boer, Wilman and Cochise lovegrass are seeded. With good grazing management, hydrologic relationships are good and productivity remains high. Root plowed areas typically eliminate any runoff for long periods of time (25 to 30 years), depending on grazing management. Mesquite and other shrubs will reinvade these areas and they will need maintenance treatments (every 15 years) of herbicides, fire or mechanical methods to maintain a grassland aspect.

esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 14/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System

Loamy Upland 12-16" pz. Bulldozed and seeded

Natives, mesquite, eroded surface This state occurs where past continuous heavy grazing has resulted in loss of soil surface (A horizon) due to accelerated sheet erosion. The coarse textured (sandyloam) surface is less than one thick over an argillic horizon. The new site potential is reduced. See ecological site # R041XC305AZ (Clay Loam Upland).

esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 15/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System

esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 16/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System

Ecological Site Description Plant Communities Ecological Dynamics of the Site The plant communities found on an ecological site are naturally variable. Composition and production will vary with yearly conditions, location, aspect, and the natural variability of the soils. The historic climax plant community represents the natural potential plant communities found on relict or relatively undisturbed sites. Other plant communities described here represent plant communities that are known to occur when the site is disturbed by factors like fire, grazing, or drought.

Production data provided in this site description is standardized to air dry weight at the end of the summer growing season. The plant communities described in this site description are based on near- normal rainfall years.

NRCS uses a Similarity Index to compare existing plant communities to the plant communities listed here. Similarity Index is determined by comparing the production and composition of a plant community to the production and composition of a plant community described in the site description. To determine Similarity Index, compare the production (air dry weight) of each species to that shown in the plant community description. For each species, and for each group, count no more than the maximum amount shown for that group. Divide the resulting total by the total normal year production shown in the plant community description. If the rainfall has been significantly above or below normal, use the total production shown for above or below normal years. If field data is not collected at the end of the summer growing season, then the field data must be corrected to the end of the year production before comparing it to the site description. The growth curve can be used as a guide for estimating production at the end of the summer growing season.

esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 1/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System

State and Transition, Sandyloam upland 16-20" p.z. esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 2/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System Historic Climax Plant Community The historic native state includes the native plant communities that occur on the site, including historic climax plant community. This state includes other plant communities that naturally occupy the site following fire, drought, flooding, herbivores, and other natural disturbances. The historic plant community represents the natural climax community that eventually reoccupies the site with proper management.

The potential plant community on this site is dominated by warm season perennial midgrasses. The major perennial species are well dispersed throughout the plant community. Perennial forbs, several species of low shrubs and succulents are well represented in the plant community. The aspect is open grassland to oak-grass savannah.

With continuous, heavy grazing, midgrasses are removed from the plant community and replaced by a sod-bound form of blue grama and annual grasses and forbs. With severe deterioration, shrubby species like burroweed, wooly groundsel and yerba-de-pasmo can increase to dominate the plant community. With good management, midgrasses will be able to regain their dominance of the plant communities. Mesquite and Lehmann lovegrass are at the upper limits of their elevation range, but can increase to dominance on this site, especially with climatic warming. Naturally occurring fires in Jun-Aug are an important factor in shaping this plant community. Fire-free intervals range from 10-20 years. Without disturbance like fire or grazing, the perennial midgrasses can become decadent and forbs like camphorweed, annual goldeneye, gumweed and sorrel buckwheat can increase to dominate the plant community. Blue grama acts as a midgrass on this site.

Periodic drought can occur in this LRA and cause significant grass mortality. Droughts in the early 30s, mid-50s, 1975-76 and 1988-89 resulted in the loss of much of the perennial grass cover on this site. This site recovers very rapidly, however, due to the favorable climate prevailing in this sub-resource area and thick, coarse textured soil surfaces.

esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 3/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System

Sandy Loam Upland 16-20" pz. HCPC

Historic Climax Plant Community Plant Species Composition: Annual Production Grass/Grasslike in Pounds Per Acre Group Group Name Common Name Symbol Scientific Name Low High 1 - Dominant mid-grasses 800 1300 cane beardgrass BOBA3 Bothriochloa barbinodis 50 300 sideoats grama BOCU Bouteloua curtipendula 200 600 Arizona cottontop DICA8 Digitaria californica 25 200 plains lovegrass ERIN Eragrostis intermedia 200 600 green sprangletop LEDU Leptochloa dubia 100 300 crinkleawn TRSP12 Trachypogon spicatus 0 200

2 - Dominant short grasses 250 500 black grama BOER4 Bouteloua eriopoda 10 200 blue grama BOGR2 Bouteloua gracilis 100 400 hairy grama BOHI2 Bouteloua hirsuta 0 50 fall witchgrass DICO6 Digitaria cognata 10 50 common wolfstail LYPH Lycurus phleoides 5 50

3 - Perennial threeawns 10 80 Santa Rita threeawn ARCAG Aristida californica var. glabrata 0 5 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 4/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System poverty threeawn ARDI5 Aristida divaricata 0 5 Havard's threeawn ARHA3 Aristida havardii 0 5 red threeawn ARPUL Aristida purpurea var. longiseta 0 5 blue threeawn ARPUN Aristida purpurea var. nealleyi 0 5 Parish threeawn ARPUP5 Aristida purpurea var. parishii 0 5 Wright's threeawn ARPUW Aristida purpurea var. wrightii 0 5 Orcutt's threeawn ARSCO Aristida schiedeana var. orcuttiana 0 50 spidergrass ARTE3 Aristida ternipes 5 40 mesa threeawn ARTEG Aristida ternipes var. gentilis 0 20

4 - Annual Grasses 5 100 sixweeks threeawn ARAD Aristida adscensionis 0 2 prairie threeawn AROL Aristida oligantha 1 15 sixweeks needle grama BOAR Bouteloua aristidoides 0 5 sixweeks grama BOBA2 Bouteloua barbata 0 5 little grapefern BOSI Botrychium simplex 0 2 matted grama BOSI2 Bouteloua simplex 0 2 Arizona brome BRAR4 Bromus arizonicus 0 2 feather fingergrass CHVI4 Chloris virgata 0 10 tapertip cupgrass ERACA Eriochloa acuminata var. acuminata 0 10 Mexican lovegrass ERME Eragrostis mexicana 0 2 desert lovegrass ERPEM Eragrostis pectinacea var. miserrima 0 2 tufted lovegrass ERPEP2 Eragrostis pectinacea var. pectinacea 0 5 pitscale grass HAGR3 Hackelochloa granularis 1 10 sweet tanglehead HEME Heteropogon melanocarpus 0 10 Mexican sprangletop LEFUU Leptochloa fusca ssp. uninervia 0 10 mucronate sprangeltop LEPAB Leptochloa panicea ssp. brachiata 0 5 delicate muhly MUFR Muhlenbergia fragilis 0 1 littleseed muhly MUMI Muhlenbergia microsperma 0 1 witchgrass PACA6 Panicum capillare 0 5 Mexican panicgrass PAHI5 Panicum hirticaule 1 10 poverty dropseed SPVA Sporobolus vaginiflorus 0 1 prairie false oat TRIN5 Trisetum interruptum 0 1 Arizona signalgrass URAR Urochloa arizonica 1 10 sixweeks fescue VUOC Vulpia octoflora 0 15

5 - Cool season grasses 2 50 densetuft hairsedge BUCA2 Bulbostylis capillaris 0 2 Carex CAREX Carex 1 10 Cyperus CYPER Cyperus 0 10 squirreltail ELELE Elymus elymoides ssp. elymoides 1 30 pinyon ricegrass PIFI Piptochaetium fimbriatum 0 25

6 - Miscellaneous perennial grasses 5 100 sprucetop grama BOCH Bouteloua chondrosioides 0 15 purple grama BORA Bouteloua radicosa 0 15 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 5/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System slender grama BORE2 Bouteloua repens 0 25 Rothrock grama BORO2 Bouteloua rothrockii 1 50 silver bluestem BOSA Bothriochloa saccharoides 0 50 woolly bunchgrass ELBA Elionurus barbiculmis 0 10 spike pappusgrass ENDE Enneapogon desvauxii 0 1 tanglehead HECO10 Heteropogon contortus 1 50 curly mesquite HIBE Hilaria belangeri 0 10 Porter melicgrass MEPO Melica porteri 0 2 Arizona muhly MUAR3 Muhlenbergia arizonica 0 5 bullgrass MUEM Muhlenbergia emersleyi 0 10 bush muhly MUPO2 Muhlenbergia porteri 1 10 creeping muhly MURE Muhlenbergia repens 0 10 purple muhly MURI3 Muhlenbergia rigida 0 10 bulb panicgrass PABU Panicum bulbosum 0 10 Hall panicgrass PAHA Panicum hallii 0 10 vine mesquite PAOB Panicum obtusum 0 5 Texas bluestem SCCI2 Schizachyrium cirratum 0 10 little bluestem SCSC Schizachyrium scoparium 0 10 plains bristlegrass SEVU2 Setaria vulpiseta 0 10 spike dropseed SPCO4 Sporobolus contractus 1 50 sand dropseed SPCR Sporobolus cryptandrus 1 20 big sacaton SPWR2 Sporobolus wrightii 0 10

Annual Production Forb in Pounds Per Acre Group Group Name Common Name Symbol Scientific Name Low High 7 - Perennial forbs 15 55 trailing four o'clock ALIN Allionia incarnata 0 1 largeflower onion ALMA4 Allium macropetalum 0 2 slimleaf bursage AMCO3 Ambrosia confertiflora 1 2 throw-up weed AMPA3 Amoreuxia palmatifida 0 1 western ragweed AMPS Ambrosia psilostachya 0 1 desert anemone ANTU Anemone tuberosa 0 2 melon loco APUN Apodanthera undulata 0 1 Louisiana sagewort ARLU Artemisia ludoviciana 0 2 perennial rockcress ARPE2 Arabis perennans 0 1 Watson's dutchman's pipe ARWA Aristolochia watsonii 0 1 Arizona milkvetch ASAR6 Astragalus arizonicus 0 1 spider milkweed ASAS Asclepias asperula 0 1 chaparral asphead ASHI3 Aspicarpa hirtella 0 1 broadleaf milkweed ASLA4 Asclepias latifolia 0 1 woolly locoweed ASMOB Astragalus mollissimus var. bigelovii 0 1 sheep milkvetch ASNO3 Astragalus nothoxys 0 1 horsetail milkweed ASSU2 Asclepias subverticillata 0 1 shrubby ayenia AYMI Ayenia microphylla 0 1 hairyseed bahia BAAB Bahia absinthifolia 0 1 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 6/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System lyreleaf greeneyes BELY Berlandiera lyrata 0 1 scarlet spiderling BOCO Boerhavia coccinea 0 1 dwarf stickpea CAHUR Calliandra humilis var. reticulata 0 1 grayleaf Indian paintbrush CAIN14 Castilleja integra 0 1 desert mariposa lily CAKE Calochortus kennedyi 0 1 sego lily CANU3 Calochortus nuttallii 0 1 Castilleja CASTI2 Castilleja 0 1 whitemargin spurge CHAL11 Chamaesyce albomarginata 0 1 rose heath CHER2 Chaetopappa ericoides 0 5 birdbill dayflower CODI4 Commelina dianthifolia 0 1 hoary bindweed COEQ Convolvulus equitans 0 1 whitemouth dayflower COER Commelina erecta 0 1 leatherweed CRPO5 Croton pottsii 0 5 fingerleaf gourd CUDI Cucurbita digitata 0 1 buffalo gourd CUFO Cucurbita foetidissima 0 2 coyote melon CUPA Cucurbita palmata 0 1 whiteflower dalea DAAL Dalea albiflora 0 1 James' prairie clover DAJA Dalea jamesii 0 1 dwarf prairie clover DANA Dalea nana 0 1 New Mexico dalea DANE Dalea neomexicana 0 1 Cooley's bundleflower DECO2 Desmanthus cooleyi 1 10 bluedicks DICA14 Dichelostemma capitatum 1 10 Dyschoriste schiedeana var. spreading snakeherb DYSCD 0 5 decumbens Torrey's craglily ECFL Echeandia flavescens 0 1 spreading fleabane ERDI4 Erigeron divergens 0 2 trailing fleabane ERFL Erigeron flagellaris 0 2 Mexican fireplant EUHE4 Euphorbia heterophylla 0 1 sun spurge EURA2 Euphorbia radians 0 1 hairy evolvulus EVAR Evolvulus arizonicus 0 5 prostrate evolvulus EVNU Evolvulus nuttallianus 0 1 silver evolvulus EVSE Evolvulus sericeus 0 2 Arizona snakecotton FRAR2 Froelichia arizonica 0 1 scarlet gaura GACO5 Gaura coccinea 0 1 pearly globe amaranth GONI Gomphrena nitida 0 1 small matweed GUDE Guilleminea densa 0 2 Rutter's false goldenaster HERU3 Heterotheca rutteri 0 2 hogpotato HOGL2 Hoffmannseggia glauca 0 1 red bluet HORU Houstonia rubra 0 1 babyslippers HYVE Hybanthus verticillatus 0 1 ragged nettlespurge JAMA Jatropha macrorhiza 0 1 San Pedro daisy LAPO4 Lasianthaea podocephala 0 1 Fendler bladderpod LEFE Lesquerella fendleri 0 1 narrowleaf puccoon LIIN2 Lithospermum incisum 0 1 Lewis blue flax LILE3 Linum lewisii 0 1 Greene deervetch LOGR4 Lotus greenei 0 1 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 7/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System Wright deervetch LOWR Lotus wrightii 0 2 Huachuca Mountain MABR Macrosiphonia brachysiphon 0 2 rocktrumpet variableleaf bushbean MAGI2 Macroptilium gibbosifolium 0 1 spiny tansyaster MAPI Machaeranthera pinnatifida 0 2 Mexican star MIBI2 Milla biflora 0 1 Monarda citriodora ssp. lemon beebalm MOCIA 0 1 austromontana tufted evening-primrose OECA10 Oenothera caespitosa 0 2 Oxytropis OXYTR Oxytropis 0 1 beardlip penstemon PEBA2 Penstemon barbatus 0 1 Cochise beardtongue PEDA Penstemon dasyphyllus 0 1 mat cinchweed PELO Pectis longipes 0 1 Parry penstemon PEPA24 Penstemon parryi 0 1 narrowleaf bean PHAN3 Phaseolus angustissimus 0 1 orange talinum PHAU13 Phemeranthus aurantiacus 0 10 ivyleaf groundcherry PHHE4 Physalis hederifolia 0 1 white milkwort POAL4 Polygala alba 0 1 velvetseed milkwort POOB Polygala obscura 0 1 shrubby purslane POSU3 Portulaca suffrutescens 0 2 slimflower scurfpea PSTE5 Psoralidium tenuiflorum 0 1 buffpetal RHPH2 Rhynchosida physocalyx 0 1 Texas snoutbean RHSET Rhynchosia senna var. texana 0 5 slimleaf plainsmustard SCLI12 Schoenocrambe linearifolia 0 1 twinleaf senna SEBA3 Senna bauhinioides 0 1 Lemmon's ragwort SELE8 Senecio lemmonii 0 1 New Mexico SINE3 Sidalcea neomexicana 0 1 checkermallow silverleaf nightshade SOEL Solanum elaeagnifolium 0 1 Missouri goldenrod SOMI2 Solidago missouriensis 0 2 narrowleaf globemallow SPAN3 Sphaeralcea angustifolia 0 1 gooseberryleaf SPGR2 Sphaeralcea grossulariifolia 0 1 globemallow brownplume wirelettuce STPA4 Stephanomeria pauciflora 0 2 big talinum TAPA2 Talinum paniculatum 0 1 Coulter's wrinklefruit TECO Tetraclea coulteri 0 1 hairy fournwort TENE Tetramerium nervosum 0 1 longstalk greenthread THLO Thelesperma longipes 0 1 Hopi tea greenthread THME Thelesperma megapotamicum 0 1 pinewoods spiderwort TRPI Tradescantia pinetorum 0 1 branched noseburn TRRA5 Tragia ramosa 0 1 Fort Huachuca vervain VEGR2 Verbena gracilis 0 1 American vetch VIAM Vicia americana 0 1 Louisiana vetch VILUL2 Vicia ludoviciana ssp. ludoviciana 0 1 copper zephyrlily ZELO Zephyranthes longifolia 0 1 Texas zinnia ZIGR Zinnia grandiflora 0 2 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 8/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System 8 - Annual Forbs 2 150 New Mexico copperleaf ACNE Acalypha neomexicana 0 2 carelessweed AMPA Amaranthus palmeri 0 5 spurred anoda ANCR2 Anoda cristata 0 1 bluestem pricklypoppy ARPL3 Argemone pleiacantha 0 1 halfmoon milkvetch ASAL6 Astragalus allochrous 0 1 Nuttall milkvetch ASNU4 Astragalus nuttallianus 0 10 Thurber milkvetch ASTH Astragalus thurberi 0 10 wheelscale saltbush ATEL Atriplex elegans 0 1 fewflower beggarticks BILE Bidens leptocephala 0 1 Coulter spiderling BOCO2 Boerhavia coulteri 0 1 erect spiderling BOER Boerhavia erecta 0 1 hairy bowlesia BOIN3 Bowlesia incana 0 1 purple spiderling BOPU Boerhavia purpurascens 0 1 fringed redmaids CACI2 Calandrinia ciliata 0 1 pitseed goosefoot CHBE4 Chenopodium berlandieri 0 10 royal sandmat CHDI5 Chamaesyce dioica 0 1 pillpod sandmat CHHI3 Chamaesyce hirta 0 1 leafy spurge CHHY3 Chamaesyce hyssopifolia 0 1 New Mexico goosefoot CHNE3 Chenopodium neomexicanum 0 10 sensitive partridge pea CHNI2 Chamaecrista nictitans 0 10 threadstem sandmat CHRE4 Chamaesyce revoluta 0 1 thymeleaf spurge CHSE6 Chamaesyce serpyllifolia 0 1 slimseed spurge CHST8 Chamaesyce stictospora 0 1 New Mexico thistle CINE Cirsium neomexicanum 0 10 miner's lettuce CLPEP Claytonia perfoliata ssp. perfoliata 0 1 golden corydalis COAU2 Corydalis aurea 0 2 Cryptantha CRYPT Cryptantha 0 1 Chihuahuan prairie clover DAEX2 Dalea exigua 0 1 American wild carrot DAPU3 Daucus pusillus 0 1 sacred datura DAWR2 Datura wrightii 0 1 western tansymustard DEPI Descurainia pinnata 0 5 buttonweed DITE2 Diodia teres 0 1 wedgeleaf draba DRCU Draba cuneifolia 0 2 Abert's buckwheat ERAB2 Eriogonum abertianum 0 5 miniature woollystar ERDI2 Eriastrum diffusum 0 1 spreading fleabane ERDI4 Erigeron divergens 0 1 sorrel buckwheat ERPO4 Eriogonum polycladon 0 5 Mexican gold poppy ESCAM Eschscholzia californica ssp. mexicana 0 1 Arizona blanketflower GAAR2 Gaillardia arizonica 0 1 velvetweed GAMO5 Gaura mollis 0 1 red dome blanketflower GAPI Gaillardia pinnatifida 0 1 lesser yellowthroat gilia GIFL Gilia flavocincta 0 1 El Paso gilia GIME Gilia mexicana 0 1 Glandularia bipinnatifida var. Dakota mock vervain GLBIB 0 1 bipinnatifida esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 9/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System curlytop gumweed GRNUA Grindelia nuda var. aphanactis 0 1 longleaf false goldeneye HELOA2 Heliomeris longifolia var. annua 1 50 camphorweed HESU3 Heterotheca subaxillaris 1 50 crestrib morning-glory IPCO2 Ipomoea costellata 0 1 redstar IPCO3 Ipomoea coccinea 0 2 flaxflowered ipomopsis IPLOL Ipomopsis longiflora ssp. longiflora 0 1 Thurber's morning-glory IPTH Ipomoea thurberi 0 2 El Paso skyrocket IPTH2 Ipomopsis thurberi 0 1 orange caltrop KAGR Kallstroemia grandiflora 0 25 warty caltrop KAPA Kallstroemia parviflora 0 10 Gordon bladderpod LEGO Lesquerella gordonii 0 1 broadleaf pepperweed LELA2 Lepidium latifolium 0 1 intermediate pepperweed LEVIM Lepidium virginicum var. medium 0 10 dotted blazing star LIPU Liatris punctata 0 1 orange flax LIPU4 Linum puberulum 0 1 foothill deervetch LOHU2 Lotus humistratus 0 1 coastal bird's-foot trefoil LOSAB Lotus salsuginosus var. brevivexillus 0 1 shortstem lupine LUBR2 Lupinus brevicaulis 0 1 bajada lupine LUCOC Lupinus concinnus ssp. concinnus 0 1 Fendler desert-dandelion MAFE Malacothrix fendleri 0 2 slender tansyaster MAGR10 Machaeranthera gracilis 1 10 Tahoka tansyaster MATA2 Machaeranthera tanacetifolia 0 10 whitestem stickleaf MEAL6 Mentzelia albicaulis 0 10 longtube four o'clock MILO2 Mirabilis longiflora 0 10 spring evening-primrose OEPR Oenothera primiveris 0 1 Arizona phacelia PHAR13 Phacelia arizonica 0 1 Mangas Spring phacelia PHBO4 Phacelia bombycina 0 1 sky blue scorpionweed PHCA43 Phacelia caerulea(syn) 0 5 lipstick plant PLAR Plagiobothrys arizonicus 0 5 woolly Indianwheat PLPA2 Plantago patagonica 0 5 Portulaca PORTU Portulaca 0 1 yerba porosa PORU6 Porophyllum ruderale 0 1 straighttube devilsclaw PRAL4 Proboscidea althaeifolia 0 1 annual devilsclaw PRPA2 Proboscidea parviflora 0 1 Pseudognaphalium canescens ssp. Wright's cudweed PSCAC2 0 1 canescens Abert's creeping zinnia SAAB Sanvitalia abertii 0 1 sawtooth sage SASU7 Salvia subincisa 0 2 prostrate sida SIAB Sida abutifolia 0 2 sleepy catchfly SIAN2 Silene antirrhina 0 1 golden crownbeard VEEN Verbesina encelioides 0 2

Annual Production Shrub/Vine in Pounds Per Acre Group Group Name Common Name Symbol Scientific Name Low High 9 - Dominant half shrubs 2 20 esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 10/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System prairie acacia ACAN Acacia angustissima 0 5 yerba de pasmo baccharis BAPT Baccharis pteronioides 1 10 false mesquite CAER Calliandra eriophylla 0 10 shrubby buckwheat ERWR Eriogonum wrightii 1 20

10 - Miscellanous shrubs 0 5 catclaw acacia ACGR Acacia greggii 0 2 pointleaf manzanita ARPU5 Arctostaphylos pungens 0 1 fourwing saltbush ATCA2 Atriplex canescens 0 1 longleaf Mormon tea EPTR Ephedra trifurca 0 1 Ericameria nauseosa ssp. consimilis rubber rabbitbrush ERNAC3 0 1 var. ceruminosa Apache plume FAPA Fallugia paradoxa 0 2 burroweed ISTE2 Isocoma tenuisecta 0 1 range ratany KRER Krameria erecta 0 1 spreading ratany KRLA Krameria lanceolata 0 1 pale wolfberry LYPA Lycium pallidum 0 1 wait-a-bit MIACB Mimosa aculeaticarpa var. biuncifera 0 1 velvetpod mimosa MIDY Mimosa dysocarpa 0 1 skunkbush sumac RHTR Rhus trilobata 0 1 threadleaf groundsel SEFL3 Senecio flaccidus 0 1

11 - Succulents 0 2 Palmer agave AGPA3 Agave palmeri 0 1 Parry agave AGPA4 Agave parryi 0 1 cane cholla CYSP8 Cylindropuntia spinosior 0 1 pinkflower hedgehog ECFEF3 Echinocereus fendleri ssp. fendleri 0 1 cactus white fishhook cactus ECIN2 Echinomastus intertextus 0 1 rainbow hedgehog cactus ECRI3 Echinocereus rigidissimus 0 1 spinystar cactus ESVI2 Escobaria vivipara 0 1 Macdougal's nipple cactus MAHEM Mammillaria heyderi var. macdougalii 0 1 sacahuista NOMI Nolina microcarpa 0 2 Engelmann pricklypear OPEN3 Opuntia engelmannii 0 1 twistspine pricklypear OPMA2 Opuntia macrorhiza 0 1 soaptree yucca YUEL Yucca elata 0 1

Annual Production Tree in Pounds Per Acre Group Group Name Common Name Symbol Scientific Name Low High 12 - Trees 0 30 alligator juniper JUDE2 Juniperus deppeana 0 1 oneseed juniper JUMO Juniperus monosperma 0 1 Arizona white oak QUAR Quercus arizonica 0 30 Emory oak QUEM Quercus emoryi 0 30

esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 11/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System Annual Production by Plant Type: Annual Production (lbs/AC) Plant Type Low Representative Value High Forb 17 30 205 Grass/Grasslike 1065 1600 2112 Shrub/Vine 2 10 27 Tree 0 5 30

Total: 1084 1645 2374 Structure and Cover: Soil Surface Cover (%) Basal Cover Surface Non- Fragments Surface Shrub/ Vascular Biological > 1/4 & Fragments Bare Grass/Grasslike Forb Vine Tree Plants Crust Litter <= 3" > 3" Bedrock Water Ground 10 to 20 0 to 1 0 to 1 0 to 0 0 to 1 1 to 5 25 to 65 5 to 15 0 to 5 0 to 0 0 to 0 10 to 40

Structure of Canopy Cover (%) Grasses/Grasslike Forbs Shrubs/Vines Trees <=0.5 feet 1 to 5 0 to 5 0 to 1 > 0.5 - < 1 feet 10 to 20 1 to 5 0 to 1 < 1 - >= 2 feet 20 to 40 0 to 10 0 to 3 > 2 - < 4.5 feet 5 to 15 0 to 1 0 to 1 < 4.5 - >= 13 feet 0 to 1 0 to 1 > 13 - < 40 feet 0 to 5

Plant Growth Curve: Growth Curve Number: AZ4111 Growth Curve Name: 41.1 16-30" p.z. all sites Growth Curve Description: Growth begins in the spring, semi-dormancy occurs during the June drought, most growth occurs during the summer rainy season. Percent Production by Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 0 0 0 5 10 0 1545205 0 0

esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 12/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System

African love-grasses This state occurs where African lovegrass species either have invaded from established stands or from direct seeding of these areas. Lehmann, Boer, weeping lovegrass, and in some places the yellow bluestems, are dominant and native perennial grasses and forbs exist only in trace amounts. Cover and production of these species is very high and site stability and hydrologic function are good.

esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 13/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System

Sandy Loam Upland 16-20" pz. Lehmann lovegrass

Mesquite, juniper invaded With continuous grazing, a nearby seed source, and in the absence of fire for long periods of time; velvet mesquite, western honey mesquite, alligator juniper and / or one seed juniper can invade and increase to dominate the site. Canopy cover ranges from 1 to 30%. Sheet and rill erosion can begin to accelerate at the higher canopy levels.

esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 14/15 9/10/2010 Ecological Site Description System

Sandy Loam Upland 16-20" pz. Mesquite

Eroded state (R041XA108AZ) This state occurs where accelerated sheet and rill erosion has removed the soil surface (A horizon). This can be due to the interactions of fire, continuous grazing and drought; resulting in compaction and loss of grass cover. On those soils with argillic horizons; erosion that removes all but 3 inches of the surface has reduced the site potential to something similar to that of Loamy Upland ecological site (R041XA108AZ). On those soils with sandyloam textures throughout; erosion has left a patterns of rills that change the hydrology of the site and reduce production and cover.

esis.sc.egov.usda.gov/…/fsReport.aspx… 15/15