DOCSLIB.ORG

The Discipline and Disciplining of Margaret Sanger: US Birth Control Rhetoric in the Early Twentieth Century C

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2004 The discipline and disciplining of Margaret Sanger: US birth control rhetoric in the early twentieth century C. Wesley Buerkle Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations Part of the Communication Commons Recommended Citation Buerkle, C. Wesley, "The discipline and disciplining of Margaret Sanger: US birth control rhetoric in the early twentieth century" (2004). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 1297. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/1297 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please [email protected]. THE DISCIPLINE AND DISCIPLINING OF MARGARET SANGER: US BIRTH CONTROL RHETORIC IN THE EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Communication Studies by C. Wesley Buerkle BA, Biola University, 1997 MA, Arizona State University, 2000 December 2004 ©Copyright 2004 Carl Wesley Buerkle, II All Rights Reserved ii To my foremothers. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I could not have completed this project had I not enjoyed the support of my committee, my friends, research resources, and my family. First and foremost, I must thank my adviser, Laura Sells. Across six years and two states you have mentored me with a persisting diligence to my academic and emotional well being. I have the greatest respect for your skilled editing hand and trained critical eye. You have been my teacher and my friend, and I thank you. I also want to thank my entire committee for their encouragement and advice in this process. Andy King, you dutifully accepted advising responsibilities when I arrived at LSU and have been an ongoing source of warmth. Our esoteric banter has brightened many dull days. Josh Gunn, I have been enriched and inspired in the two, short, yet full, years that I have known you. Thank you for setting the bar so high. Ruth Laurion Bowman, you have been my teacher, director, and friend, sometimes filling all three offices at once. Your ability to show me goodness in all things has touched me deeply. When shall we speak again of “walruses and whales”? Michelle Massé, the depth and breadth of your comments on drafts has motivated me to do better than I otherwise could. Meanwhile, your kindness and support have been so utterly humane, I am doubly in your debt. Following your advice, I shall not try to repay it but pay it forward. Les Wade, I have come to realize what a rare pleasure it is to have a dean’s representative take interest in a project and offer such useful advice. Thank you for doing your job and then more. Beyond my official committee, others have been there to guide me and move the process along. Loretta Pecchioni, you have offered your friendship, wise counsel, and a home for Thanksgiving dinners. When the tunnel was dark, you held a light at the end, and you never gave me a much needed kick when I was being a grouch. You have always pushed me to be a better person, as you always try to be. Thank you for your friendship; it has sustained me these last four iv years. Greg and Jenny Cavenaugh, thank you for opening your hearts and your home to me on so many occasions to let me complain and then to brighten my spirits. Kristin Hanson, you helped keep me sane in the last stretch of this project, in part by getting me to take a break using the persuasive refrain, “Well, you have to eat.” I also wish to recognize the kindness and support of my graduate school colleagues, especially, Joe Mitchell, Valerie Holliday, Shaun Treat, Christi Moss, Dan Grano, and, the late, Jon Birdnow. On a more technical note, I wish to acknowledge those who provided the resources necessary to complete this project. Thank you to Kevin McClearey for providing Margaret Sanger speech materials and your well-researched manuscript. Harold Mixon, thank you for lending your wise, public-address advice and for gifting to me your sixty volumes of the Quarterly Journal of Speech. I also wish to recognize librarians’ work at the Interlibrary Borrowing office of Middleton Library at Louisiana State University, Sophia Smith Collection at Smith College, and Bentley Historical Library at the University of Michigan for helping me obtain the necessary materials for analysis. Also, thank you to the Margaret Sanger Papers Project for preserving a feminist hero’s work. Last, but never least, I wish to thank my family for their continuing support of my goals. Mom, thank you for teaching me to read and encouraging me to go from there. Dad, thank you for reminding me that things of value and importance often take time. You both have taught me anything worth doing is worth doing well. Karen, as my older, wiser sister you have always paved the way for me and kept me balanced. Without you, I would have no center. Thank you also to my entire family—especially my siblings and my late grandparents—for always offering their silent, enduring support. v TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS........................................................................................................... iv ABSTRACT................................................................................................................................. viii CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION: “I DO NOT THINK SHE IS QUITE NORMAL”.........................................................1 Rationale for the Study ............................................................................................4 Genealogy as History.......................................................................................10 Power as Productive.........................................................................................11 Previous Studies of Sanger and Her Rhetoric........................................................14 The Biographical and Interpretivist Truth of Margaret Sanger .......................16 Complicating Our Understanding of Sanger....................................................23 From “The Anti-Conception Art” to “Sangerism” ................................................31 The Scattered Start of a Movement .................................................................32 The Woman at the Center of the Movement....................................................36 My Entry into the Discussion ................................................................................45 2 THE TERRAIN OF FEMINIST RHETORIC: MAPPING PREVIOUS STUDIES..............................................................................49 Women in the Public (Speaking) Sphere...............................................................52 A Case by Case Look at Feminist Rhetoric...........................................................61 “Great ‘Women’ Speakers” .............................................................................63 An Awakening to Gender ................................................................................71 Nineteenth-Century Feminist Movements.......................................................79 A Matter of Theory ................................................................................................89 Karlyn Kohrs Campbell and Feminine Style...................................................91 An Invitation for Foucault ...............................................................................96 3 GENEALOGICAL INTERPRETATION: THE MARRIAGE OF STRANGE BEDFELLOWS ..................................................99 The Nature of Genealogical Interpretation ..........................................................100 Power as Productive.......................................................................................102 Discipline Is as Discipline Does ....................................................................109 How We Write History ..................................................................................114 The Death of the Rhetor(?) ............................................................................121 Some Nuts and Bolts of Genealogical Interpretation ..........................................126 Why Genealogical Interpretation? .......................................................................133 4 “A PROFUSION OF ENTANGLED EVENTS”: MARGARET SANGER AS A NEXUS OF DISCOURSES ....................................137 The Disciplining of Feminist Rhetors..................................................................140 The Industrial Discipline of Women’s Bodies.....................................................150 “The Sex Side of Life” in Late- and Post- Victorian US.....................................159 vi Saving Society by Opposing/ Supporting Birth Control .....................................167 Saving Society by Controlling Desire............................................................168 Saving Society by Controlling Breeding .......................................................175 Looking at the Nexus...........................................................................................189 5 BIRTH CONTROL AS WOMEN’S RIGHT AND RESPONSIBILITY: EARLY THEMES
Recommended publications

  • A History of Birth Control Methods

    Report Published by the Katharine Dexter McCormick Library and the Education Division of Planned Parenthood Federation of America 434 West 33rd Street, New York, NY 10001 212-261-4716 www.plannedparenthood.org Current as of January 2012 A History of Birth Control Methods Contemporary studies show that, out of a list of eight somewhat effective — though not always safe or reasons for having sex, having a baby is the least practical (Riddle, 1992). frequent motivator for most people (Hill, 1997). This seems to have been true for all people at all times. Planned Parenthood is very proud of the historical Ever since the dawn of history, women and men role it continues to play in making safe and effective have wanted to be able to decide when and whether family planning available to women and men around to have a child. Contraceptives have been used in the world — from 1916, when Margaret Sanger one form or another for thousands of years opened the first birth control clinic in America; to throughout human history and even prehistory. In 1950, when Planned Parenthood underwrote the fact, family planning has always been widely initial search for a superlative oral contraceptive; to practiced, even in societies dominated by social, 1965, when Planned Parenthood of Connecticut won political, or religious codes that require people to “be the U.S. Supreme Court victory, Griswold v. fruitful and multiply” — from the era of Pericles in Connecticut (1965), that finally and completely rolled ancient Athens to that of Pope Benedict XVI, today back state and local laws that had outlawed the use (Blundell, 1995; Himes, 1963; Pomeroy, 1975; Wills, of contraception by married couples; to today, when 2000).
  • The Public Eye, Summer 2010

    The Public Eye, Summer 2010

    Right-Wing Co-Opts Civil Rights Movement History, p. 3 TheA PUBLICATION OF POLITICAL R PublicEyeESEARCH ASSOCIATES Summer 2010 • Volume XXV, No.2 Basta Dobbs! Last year, a coalition of Latino/a groups suc - cessfully fought to remove anti-immigrant pundit Lou Dobbs from CNN. Political Research Associates Executive DirectorTarso Luís Ramos spoke to Presente.org co-founder Roberto Lovato to find out how they did it. Tarso Luís Ramos: Tell me about your organization, Presente.org. Roberto Lovato: Presente.org, founded in MaY 2009, is the preeminent online Latino adVocacY organiZation. It’s kind of like a MoVeOn.org for Latinos: its goal is to build Latino poWer through online and offline organiZing. Presente started With a campaign to persuade GoVernor EdWard Rendell of PennsYlVania to take a stand against the Verdict in the case of Luis RamíreZ, an undocumented immigrant t t e Who Was killed in Shenandoah, PennsYl - k n u l Vania, and Whose assailants Were acquitted P k c a J bY an all-White jurY. We also ran a campaign / o t o to support the nomination of Sonia h P P SotomaYor to the Supreme Court—We A Students rally at a State Board of Education meeting, Austin, Texas, March 10, 2010 produced an “I Stand With SotomaYor” logo and poster that people could displaY at Work or in their neighborhoods and post on their Facebook pages—and a feW addi - From Schoolhouse to Statehouse tional, smaller campaigns, but reallY the Curriculum from a Christian Nationalist Worldview Basta Dobbs! continues on page 12 By Rachel Tabachnick TheTexas Curriculum IN THIS ISSUE Controversy objectiVe is present—a Christian land goV - 1 Editorial .
  • John Humphrey Noyes, 1811-1840 : a Social Biography

    John Humphrey Noyes, 1811-1840 : a Social Biography

    Portland State University PDXScholar Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses 1989 John Humphrey Noyes, 1811-1840 : a social biography Susan Adams DuBay Portland State University Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds Part of the Social History Commons, and the United States History Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation DuBay, Susan Adams, "John Humphrey Noyes, 1811-1840 : a social biography" (1989). Dissertations and Theses. Paper 3568. https://doi.org/10.15760/etd.5452 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible: [email protected]. AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Susan Adams DuBay for the Master of Arts in History presented June 30, 1989. Title: John Humphrey Noyes, 1811-1840: A Social Biography APPROVED BY MEMBERS OF THE THESIS COMMITfEE: Ann Weikel Thomas D. Morris John Humphrey Noyes was the founder of the Oneida Community, one of the most successful utopian ventures in nineteenth-century America. Early in his life, Noyes was a deep religious thinker, but he founded Oneida as an ideal society based on extending the family unit, and not as a church. Noyes's social theories eventually overwhelmed his former religious concentration. 2 The purpose of this thesis is to locate in Noyes's religiously-oriented youth the sources of his social interests. Few scholars have studied in depth the childhood and young manhood of John Humphrey Noyes, but that is where the roots of his social theories are to be found.
  • Selected Highlights of Women's History

    Selected Highlights of Women's History

    Selected Highlights of Women’s History United States & Connecticut 1773 to 2015 The Permanent Commission on the Status of Women omen have made many contributions, large and Wsmall, to the history of our state and our nation. Although their accomplishments are too often left un- recorded, women deserve to take their rightful place in the annals of achievement in politics, science and inven- Our tion, medicine, the armed forces, the arts, athletics, and h philanthropy. 40t While this is by no means a complete history, this book attempts to remedy the obscurity to which too many Year women have been relegated. It presents highlights of Connecticut women’s achievements since 1773, and in- cludes entries from notable moments in women’s history nationally. With this edition, as the PCSW celebrates the 40th anniversary of its founding in 1973, we invite you to explore the many ways women have shaped, and continue to shape, our state. Edited and designed by Christine Palm, Communications Director This project was originally created under the direction of Barbara Potopowitz with assistance from Christa Allard. It was updated on the following dates by PCSW’s interns: January, 2003 by Melissa Griswold, Salem College February, 2004 by Nicole Graf, University of Connecticut February, 2005 by Sarah Hoyle, Trinity College November, 2005 by Elizabeth Silverio, St. Joseph’s College July, 2006 by Allison Bloom, Vassar College August, 2007 by Michelle Hodge, Smith College January, 2013 by Andrea Sanders, University of Connecticut Information contained in this book was culled from many sources, including (but not limited to): The Connecticut Women’s Hall of Fame, the U.S.
  • A Woman Rebel in Hastings: the Life of Margaret Sanger (1879-1966) by Riley Wentzler & Felicia Barber

    A Woman Rebel in Hastings: the Life of Margaret Sanger (1879-1966) by Riley Wentzler & Felicia Barber

    A Woman Rebel In Hastings: The Life of Margaret Sanger (1879-1966) By Riley Wentzler & Felicia Barber Margaret Sanger was born in Corning, New York, on September 14, 1879 (MICROSOFT ENCARTA, 1993-2003 Microsoft Corporation) After graduating from Claverack College (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Margaret-Sanger), she trained as a nurse at White Plains Hospital (MICROSOFT ENCARTA 1993- 2003 Microsoft Corporation). From 1900-1912 she was a practicing nurse (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Margaret-Sanger). She lived in Greenburgh’s Village of Hastings from 1902-1910 (https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/margaret- sanger). From 1910 until her death she lived in New York City. Her work as a nurse in low income communities in New York convinced her of the need for women to have information about, and easy access to, birth control. In 1912 she began her life- long career as a reproductive rights educator and birth control activist. She first began providing written information about birth control in her 1914 magazine, The Woman Rebel. This was a highly risky decision because ever since 1873, a federal law known as The Comstock Act had existed which prohibited distribution of “obscene, lewd or lascivious,” “immoral,” or “indecent” publications through the mail (https://www.mtsu.edu/first- amendment/article/1038/comstock-act-of-1873). Part of what the act defined as obscene material was “any device, medicine, or information designed to prevent conception or induce abortion.” She was charged under this law, but, the charges were dropped two years later (MICROSOFT ENCARTA, 1993-2003 Microsoft Corporation). Shortly after these charges were dropped, she opened the first birth control clinic in the United States; this first clinic was located in Brooklyn.
  • Birth Control

    Birth Control

    AQ The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS FAQ112 ESPECIALLY FOR TEENS Birth Control • What things should I think about when choosing a birth control method? • Do I need to have a pelvic exam to get birth controlf from my health care provider? • Which birth control methods are the best at preventing pregnancy? • Which birth control methods also protect against sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)? • What is the birth control pill? • What is the skin patch? • What is the vaginal ring? • What is the birth control shot? • What is the implant? • What is the intrauterine device (IUD)? • What are spermicides? • What are condoms? • What is the diaphragm? • What is the cervical cap? • What is the sponge? • What is emergency birth control? • What are the types of emergency birth control pills? • Where can I get emergency birth control? • Glossary What things should I think about when choosing a birth control method? To choose the right birth control method for you, consider the following: • How well it prevents pregnancy • How easy it is to use • Whether you need a prescription to get it • Whether it protects against sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) • Whether you have any health problems Do I need to have a pelvic exam to get birth control from my health care provider? A pelvic exam is not needed to get most forms of birth control from a health care provider except for the intrauterine device (IUD), diaphragm, and cervical cap. If you have already had sex, you may need to have a pregnancy test and STD test before birth control can be prescribed.
  • CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE, Vol. 155, Pt. 7 March 31

    CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE, Vol. 155, Pt. 7 March 31

    9250 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE, Vol. 155, Pt. 7 March 31, 2009 connection between a couple of the something we haven’t touched on yet want to point out that the Populist middle class values that we’ve been tonight but is a very important part of Caucus is not anti-trade. We are not talking about all night, and that is, the populist values, as articulated by protectionist, but we want American corporate accountability and how it af- you earlier, and that’s with respect to companies and American employees fects fair trade. And one of the things consumer protection. and American consumers to be on a that we know is that there are still You and I took a trip down to the level playing field with their competi- some lingering so-called free trade Port of Nogales last year to work with tors. And when you have trade agree- agreements that have been negotiated and get a firsthand view of some of the ments that don’t have the same level of by the Bush administration that are things we’re seeing with respect to the commitment to enforceability, then still on the table and are going to be border patrol. But one of the things we you don’t have a level playing field, considered in some way, shape or form did see is the fact that the Port of and that’s why fair trade agreements in the future. Nogales is one of the largest ports for are important to protect all interests And one of the trade agreements bringing fruits and vegetables into this in the United States.
  • Birth Control

    Birth Control

    Call 311 for Women’s Healthline Free, confidential information and referrals Birth Control New York City Human Resources Administration Infoline Or visit www.nyc.gov/html/hra/pdf/medicaid-offices.pdf What’s Right for You? Information on public health insurance (including Medicaid) for family planning services Other Resources Planned Parenthood of New York City 212-965-7000 or 1-800-230-PLAN (1-800-230-7526) www.ppnyc.org National Women’s Information Center 1-800-994-WOMAN (1-800-994-9662) www.4woman.gov National Family Planning Reproductive Health Association www.nfprha.org Sexuality Information and Education Council of the United States www.siecus.org TAKE CONTROL The New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene Michael R. Bloomberg, Mayor Thomas R. Frieden, M.D., M.P.H., Commissioner nyc.gov/health Contents Why Use Birth Control?................................................. 2 Non-Hormonal Methods Male Condoms............................................................. 4 Female Condoms........................................................... 5 Diaphragms and Cervical Caps............................................. 6 Spermicides................................................................ 7 Copper IUDs (Intrauterine Devices)........................................ 8 Fertility Awareness and Periodic Abstinence............................... 9 Hormonal Methods Birth Control Pills (Oral Contraceptives)...................................10 The Birth Control Patch....................................................12 Vaginal
  • The Relationship Between Physical and Social Structures of the Oneida Community

    The Relationship Between Physical and Social Structures of the Oneida Community

    Syracuse University SURFACE The Courier Libraries Fall 1993 Building Perfection: The Relationship between Physical and Social Structures of the Oneida Community Janet White Cornell University Follow this and additional works at: https://surface.syr.edu/libassoc Part of the Arts and Humanities Commons Recommended Citation White, Janet, "Building Perfection: The Relationship between Physical and Social Structures of the Oneida Community" (1993). The Courier. 300. https://surface.syr.edu/libassoc/300 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Libraries at SURFACE. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Courier by an authorized administrator of SURFACE. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY ASSOCIATES COURIER OUT OF THE FOLD. "Gh, dreadful! They dwell in peace and harmony, and have no church scandals. They must be wiped out." VOLUME XXVIII, NUMBER 2, FALL 1993 SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY ASSOCIATES COURIER VOLUME XXVIII NUMBER TWO FALL 1993 Foreword By Robert Fogarty, Professor ofHistory and Editor, 3 The Antioch Review, Antioch College Preface By Mark F. Weimer, Curator ofSpecial Collections, 7 Syracuse University Library, and Guest Editor, Syracuse University Library Associates Courier John Humphrey Noyes and Millennialism By Michael Barkun, Professor ofPolitical Science, II Syracuse University Building Perfection: The Relationship between Phys­ ical and Social Structures ofthe Oneida Community ByJanet White, Ph.D. Candidate in History of 23 Architecture and Urbanism, Cornell University Women, Family, and Utopia: The Oneida Community Experience and Its Implications for the Present By Lawrence Foster, Associate Professor ofAmerican 45 History, Georgia Institute ofTechnology in Atlanta "Mingling the Sexes": The Gendered Organization of Work in the Oneida Community By Marlyn Klee-Hartzell, Associate Professor of 6 I Political Science, Adelphi University Breaching the "Wall ofPartition Between the Male and the Female": John Humphrey Noyes and Free Love By LouisJ.
  • The Commune Movement During the 1960S and the 1970S in Britain, Denmark and The

    The Commune Movement During the 1960S and the 1970S in Britain, Denmark and The

    The Commune Movement during the 1960s and the 1970s in Britain, Denmark and the United States Sangdon Lee Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Leeds School of History September 2016 i The candidate confirms that the work submitted is his own and that appropriate credit has been given where reference has been made to the work of others. This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement ⓒ 2016 The University of Leeds and Sangdon Lee The right of Sangdon Lee to be identified as Author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 ii Abstract The communal revival that began in the mid-1960s developed into a new mode of activism, ‘communal activism’ or the ‘commune movement’, forming its own politics, lifestyle and ideology. Communal activism spread and flourished until the mid-1970s in many parts of the world. To analyse this global phenomenon, this thesis explores the similarities and differences between the commune movements of Denmark, UK and the US. By examining the motivations for the communal revival, links with 1960s radicalism, communes’ praxis and outward-facing activities, and the crisis within the commune movement and responses to it, this thesis places communal activism within the context of wider social movements for social change. Challenging existing interpretations which have understood the communal revival as an alternative living experiment to the nuclear family, or as a smaller part of the counter-culture, this thesis argues that the commune participants created varied and new experiments for a total revolution against the prevailing social order and its dominant values and institutions, including the patriarchal family and capitalism.
  • Making the Bible Argument: John H

    Making the Bible Argument: John H

    American Communal Societies Quarterly Volume 5 Number 3 Pages 148-173 July 2011 Making the Bible Argument: John H. Noyes’ Mission Statement for the Oneida Community Anthony Wonderley Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.hamilton.edu/acsq Part of the American Studies Commons This work is made available by Hamilton College for educational and research purposes under a Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0 license. For more information, visit http://digitalcommons.hamilton.edu/about.html or contact [email protected]. Wonderley: Making the Bible Argument Making the Bible Argument: John H. Noyes’ Mission Statement for the Oneida Community By Anthony Wonderley In February of 1848, the man about to found one of America’s most successful utopias composed a plan to bring Christ and social reform to upstate New York entitled Bible Argument: Defining the Relations of the Sexes in the Kingdom of Heaven. The communitarian venture envisioned by John Humphrey Noyes aimed to duplicate life in Christ’s kingdom — a place of communal ownership and group marriage — in order to bring that kingdom to earth. At the same time, the community’s unconventional sexual practices would transform society and correct its ills. As a prospectus for an intentional community, the Bible Argument contains “almost every important idea for the revision of relations between the sexes that Noyes would implement during the subsequent thirty years at Oneida.”1 It explains why the Oneida Community (1848-1880) was to come into being and what it is meant to accomplish. The Bible Argument also provides Noyes’ first public defense of the practice of group marriage initiated a short time before in Putney, Vermont, as well as his first substantive explanation of a free-love doctrine advocated a decade earlier.
  • Common Labor, Common Lives: the Social Construction of Work in Four Communal Societies, 1774-1932 Peter Andrew Hoehnle Iowa State University

    Common Labor, Common Lives: the Social Construction of Work in Four Communal Societies, 1774-1932 Peter Andrew Hoehnle Iowa State University

    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 2003 Common labor, common lives: the social construction of work in four communal societies, 1774-1932 Peter Andrew Hoehnle Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Hoehnle, Peter Andrew, "Common labor, common lives: the social construction of work in four communal societies, 1774-1932 " (2003). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 719. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/719 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Common labor, common lives: The social construction of work in four communal societies, 1774-1932 by Peter Andrew Hoehnle A dissertation submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Major: Agricultural History and Rural Studies Program of Study Committee: Dorothy Schwieder, Major Professor Pamela Riney-Kehrberg Christopher M. Curtis Andrejs Plakans Michael Whiteford Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 2003 © Copyright Peter Andrew Hoehnle, 2003. All rights reserved. UMI Number: 3118233 INFORMATION TO USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleed-through, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction.