35-03-HR Haldeman-Campaign 24 Part II
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Working Mothers and the Postponement of Women's
SUK_FINAL PROOF_REDLINE.DOCX (DO NOT DELETE) 3/13/2021 4:13 AM WORKING MOTHERS AND THE POSTPONEMENT OF WOMEN’S RIGHTS FROM THE NINETEENTH AMENDMENT TO THE EQUAL RIGHTS AMENDMENT JULIE C. SUK* The Nineteenth Amendment’s ratification in 1920 spawned new initiatives to advance the status of women, including the proposal of another constitutional amendment that would guarantee women equality in all legal rights, beyond the right to vote. Both the Nineteenth Amendment and the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) grew out of the long quest to enshrine women’s equal status under the law as citizens, which began in the nineteenth century. Nearly a century later, the ERA remains unfinished business with an uncertain future. Suffragists advanced different visions and strategies for women’s empowerment after they got the constitutional right to vote. They divided over the ERA. Their disagreements, this Essay argues, productively postponed the ERA, and reshaped its meaning over time to be more responsive to the challenges women faced in exercising economic and political power because they were mothers. An understanding of how and why *Professor of Sociology, Political Science, and Liberal Studies, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, and Florence Rogatz Visiting Professor of Law (fall 2020) and Senior Research Scholar, Yale Law School. Huge thanks to Saul Cornell, Deborah Dinner, Vicki Jackson, Michael Klarman, Jill Lepore, Suzette Malveaux, Jane Manners, Sara McDougall, Paula Monopoli, Jed Shugerman, Reva Siegel, and Kirsten Swinth. Their comments and reactions to earlier iterations of this project conjured this Essay into existence. This Essay began as a presentation of disconnected chunks of research for my book, WE THE WOMEN: THE UNSTOPPABLE MOTHERS OF THE EQUAL RIGHTS AMENDMENT (2020) , but the conversations generated by law school audiences nudged me to write a separate essay to explore more thoroughly how the story of suffragists’ ERA dispute after the Nineteenth Amendment affects the future of constitutional lawmaking. -
Cultural Anthropology Through the Lens of Wikipedia: Historical Leader Networks, Gender Bias, and News-Based Sentiment
Cultural Anthropology through the Lens of Wikipedia: Historical Leader Networks, Gender Bias, and News-based Sentiment Peter A. Gloor, Joao Marcos, Patrick M. de Boer, Hauke Fuehres, Wei Lo, Keiichi Nemoto [email protected] MIT Center for Collective Intelligence Abstract In this paper we study the differences in historical World View between Western and Eastern cultures, represented through the English, the Chinese, Japanese, and German Wikipedia. In particular, we analyze the historical networks of the World’s leaders since the beginning of written history, comparing them in the different Wikipedias and assessing cultural chauvinism. We also identify the most influential female leaders of all times in the English, German, Spanish, and Portuguese Wikipedia. As an additional lens into the soul of a culture we compare top terms, sentiment, emotionality, and complexity of the English, Portuguese, Spanish, and German Wikinews. 1 Introduction Over the last ten years the Web has become a mirror of the real world (Gloor et al. 2009). More recently, the Web has also begun to influence the real world: Societal events such as the Arab spring and the Chilean student unrest have drawn a large part of their impetus from the Internet and online social networks. In the meantime, Wikipedia has become one of the top ten Web sites1, occasionally beating daily newspapers in the actuality of most recent news. Be it the resignation of German national soccer team captain Philipp Lahm, or the downing of Malaysian Airlines flight 17 in the Ukraine by a guided missile, the corresponding Wikipedia page is updated as soon as the actual event happened (Becker 2012. -
White House Special Files Box 47 Folder 13
Richard Nixon Presidential Library White House Special Files Collection Folder List Box Number Folder Number Document Date Document Type Document Description 47 13 08/23/1950 Letter To: Nixon From: Anonymous (One Vote For Nixon) Re: Critic of campaign visit to Seattle. 1 Page. 47 13 09/12/1960 Memo To: Bob Haldeman for Advance Men From: Bob Finch. Re: Instructions for City visits. 1 Page. 47 13 09/21/1960 Memo To: Bob Finch, Jim Bassett, and Ted Rogers. From: RN Re: Buying Television Time by Local Committees. 1 Page. 47 13 09/12/1960 Memo TO: Bob Haldeman From: Bob Finch. Re: Motorcade Procedures. 1 Page. 47 13 10/03/1960 Memo To: Jack MacKenzie From: Bob Haldeman. Re: Advancing Lodge Trips. 1 Page 47 13 09/17/1960 Memo Details of Pat and Dick Nixon Visit to Minneapolis-St. Paul, Saturday, September 17, 1960. 6 Pages. Wednesday, June 20, 2007 Page 1 of 5 Box Number Folder Number Document Date Document Type Document Description 47 13 09/07/1960 Memo To: Advance Men From: Ed Terrar. Re: Instructions to the Motorcade. 2 Pages. 47 13 09/05/1960 Memo To: All Advance Men From: Bob Wilson Re: Press Conferences for Vice President Nixon. 1 Page. 47 13 09/06/1960 Memo To: Advancemen From: Bob Wilson Re: Revised Instructions on meeting local reception committees. 1 Page. 47 13 09/06/1960 Memo To: Advance Man From: Ed Terrar. Re: Instructions for motorcade. 1 Page. 47 13 09/03/1960 Memo Press Release from Vincent P. O'Brien Press Secretary to Ambassador Henry Cabot Lodge. -
M Dcihi 0 ~N Farm News
~. M DCIHI 0 ~N _FARM NEWS THE ACTION/ :ATION OF THE MICHIGAN FARM BUREAU I hed Monthly by Michigan Farm Bureau June 1, 1968 YOUNG FARMERS -LOOK AHEAD It is becoming obvious that Michigan's youthful Fann Bureau me!TIbers take seriously the theme of a recent Young Farmer program - "Participation, Key to Action." Their effective particiWltion in all phases of Farm Bureau work is sparking action in many parts of the state - in Young Farmer Community groups and in county-wide Youn~ Farmer programs .. A group of 65 youthful Farm Bureau leaders met re-, cently in Saginaw for a three-day Young Fanner training conference, based on'the "Participation - Key to Action~~ theme. j Speakers included three representatives of Michigan' Farm Bureau: Elton R. Smith, president; Dan Ree~, s~cretary-manager; and Dale Sherwin, legislative counsel;- Jack Angell, director of Broadcast Services, American Farm Bureau Federation; and Earl J. Hill, public relations, Consumers Power Company. Two-fold purpose of the meeting was to point out major objectives of Young Farmer activities in Michigan, and to encourage greater participation among young fanners in Michigan Fann Bureau. \Vith a state-wide membership of more than 52,000 families, the organization includes several thousand young farmers. The conference was conducted by the Young Farmer committee of MFB, and Larry Karsten of Presque Isle county was general chainnan. During the sessions, participants indicated interest in learning more about the history, philosophy and organiza- tional structure of Farm Bureau. Classes were devoted to discussion of these topics, along with others on marketing THE "COUNTRY COUSINS" - Young Farmer Communitx: Group of Calhoun county, and political education. -
Nabors Forrest Andrew Phd20
THE PROBLEM OF RECONSTRUCTION: THE POLITICAL REGIME OF THE ANTEBELLUM SLAVE SOUTH by FORREST ANDREW NABORS A DISSERTATION Presented to the Department of Political Science and the Graduate School of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy June 2011 DISSERTATION APPROVAL PAGE Student: Forrest Andrew Nabors Title: The Problem of Reconstruction: The Political Regime of The Antebellum Slave South This dissertation has been accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in the Department of Political Science by: Gerald Berk Chairman Deborah Baumgold Member Joseph Lowndes Member James Mohr Outside Member and Richard Linton Vice President for Research and Graduate Studies/Dean of the Graduate School Original approval signatures are on file with the University of Oregon Graduate School. Degree awarded June 2011 ii © 2011 Forrest Andrew Nabors iii DISSERTATION ABSTRACT Forrest Andrew Nabors Doctor of Philosophy Department of Political Science June 2011 Title: The Problem of Reconstruction: The Political Regime of the Antebellum Slave South Approved: _______________________________________________ Dr. Gerald Berk This project studies the general political character of the antebellum slave South from the perspective of Republicans who served in the Reconstruction Congress from 1863-1869. In most Reconstruction literature, the question of black American freedom and citizenship was the central issue of Reconstruction, but not to the Republicans. The question of black American freedom and citizenship was the most salient issue to them, but they set that issue within a larger problem: the political regime of the antebellum slave South had deviated from the plan of the American Founders long before secession in 1860-1861. -
Final Remedial Action Master Plan for the French Limited
> FIIJ/M, REMEDIAL ACTION MASTER PLAN FRENCH LIMITED SITE EPA NO. 01-6VOI.O May, 1983 Jl ••*!- J 1 t"-'i * "-4.-Jt3 I CONTENTS I Section I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.1 Purpose of this Report 1.2 Site Location 1-1 I 1.3 Problem Statement 1-2 1.4 General Approach 1-2 1.5 Data Limitations 1-9 I 1.6 Initial Remedial Measures 1-11 1.7 Remedial Investigations 1-13 1-15 O I O 1.7.1 Pre-Sampling Activities 1-15 i 1.7.2 Site Investigations 1-15 r- i 1.8 Feasibility Study C\i 1.9 Cost/Schedule 1-16 04 1-16 O i DATA EVALUATION O 2.1 Objective 2-1 O 2.2 Background 2-1 I 2-1 2.2.1 Site Description 2.2.2 Site History 2-1 I 2.2.3 Chronology 2-5 2-8 2.3 Hazardous Materials I Characterization 2.3.1 2-8 i HazardouSources s Materials 2.3.2 Types and Levels of 2-9 Hazardous Material i 2.4 Environmental Setting 2.4.1 Physiography i 2.4.2 Geology 2.4.3 Hydrology 2.4.4 Geohydrology 2.4.5 Air Quality 2.4.6 Ecology 2.4.7 Socioeconomics 2.5 Assessment of Potential Impacts B EnvironmenPublic Healtt h and Safety 1 Socioeconomics Contents (Cont inued) 2'6 Data Limitations *EMEDIAL ACTION pLANNifjG 2-29 3-1 3>1 IniUal Re^ Measures ial 3-1 3-1.11 2 CosInitial Remedial - ' t Estimate 3-2 3 3-2 -2 Remedial Investinginstigatio- n Activities .V 9 1 3-4 3-4 Work Flan 3-3 Feasibility study 3-5 3.3.1 General 3-19 3.3.2 Determination of the 3-19 CriteriAppropriata e Cleanup 3.3.3 Development or Remedial Alternatives 3-20 3.3.4 Initial Screening of 3-21 Alternatives 3.3.5 Assessment of Alternatives 2-25 3-^ R(3t-*riv*Reportin- • "g ' 3-26 3-29 3-29 3-29 3-5 Remedial inv 3-31 Feasibility -
34-05-HR Haldeman
Richard Nixon Presidential Library Contested Materials Collection Folder List Box Number Folder Number Document Date No Date Subject Document Type Document Description 34 5 8/2/1972Campaign Memo From Higby to Strachan RE: talking paper for the Ehrlichman political action group. 3 pgs. 34 5 Campaign Report Talking paper for Ehrlichman political group. 2 pgs. 34 5 7/17/1972Campaign Memo From Hainsworth to Dent RE: Texas. 1 pg. 34 5 7/14/1972Campaign Memo From Hainsworth to Dent RE: California. 4 pgs. Friday, June 19, 2015 Page 1 of 4 Box Number Folder Number Document Date No Date Subject Document Type Document Description 34 5 7/28/1972Campaign Memo From Malek and Magruder to MacGregor RE: Staffing of Command Post Off Convention Floor. 3 pgs. 34 5Campaign Other Document Handwritten notes (author unk) RE: Camp Session. 2 pgs. 34 5 7/12/1972Campaign Other Document State Chairman meeting agenda, Mayflower Hotel. 1 pg. 34 5 7/12/1972Campaign Other Document From CRP RE: State Chairman Meeting, the Mayflower Hotel. 2 pgs. 34 5 7/12/1972Campaign Other Document State Chairman Meeting Agenda, The Mayflower Hotel. 1 pg. Friday, June 19, 2015 Page 2 of 4 Box Number Folder Number Document Date No Date Subject Document Type Document Description 34 5Campaign Other Document Handwritten notes (author unk) RE: Cal - FM. 1 pg. 34 5 7/18/1972Campaign Memo From Malek to Strachan RE: State budgets. 20 pgs. 34 5 7/21/1972Campaign Memo From Malek to MacGregor RE: Establishment of Educators and Teachers for the Re-Election of the President. -
President Richard Nixon's Daily Diary, May 16-31, 1973
RICHARD NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY DOCUMENT WITHDRAWAL RECORD DOCUMENT DOCUMENT SUBJECT/TITLE OR CORRESPONDENTS DATE RESTRICTION NUMBER TYPE 1 Manifest Air Force One – Appendix “B” 5/19/1973 A 2 Manifest Air Force One – Appendix “D” 5/25/1973 A 3 Log Key Biscayne, Florida – 6:40 p.m. – p 2 5/26/1973 A of 2 Sanitized 6/2000 OPENED 06/2013 4 Manifest Air Force One – Appendix “B” 5/28/1973 A 5 Manifest Air Force One – Appendix “B” 5/30/1973 A 6 Manifest Helicopter Passenger Manifest – 5/19/1973 A Appendix “A” 7 Manifest Helicopter Passenger Manifest – 5/20/1973 A Appendix “A” COLLECTION TITLE BOX NUMBER WHCF: SMOF: Office of Presidential Papers and Archives RC-12 FOLDER TITLE President Richard Nixon’s Daily Diary May 16, 1973 – May 31, 1973 PRMPA RESTRICTION CODES: A. Release would violate a Federal statute or Agency Policy. E. Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or B. National security classified information. financial information. C. Pending or approved claim that release would violate an individual’s F. Release would disclose investigatory information compiled for law rights. enforcement purposes. D. Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of privacy G. Withdrawn and return private and personal material. or a libel of a living person. H. Withdrawn and returned non-historical material. DEED OF GIFT RESTRICTION CODES: D-DOG Personal privacy under deed of gift -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -
Christmas Presents (1)” of the Robert T
The original documents are located in Box 15, folder “President - Christmas Presents (1)” of the Robert T. Hartmann Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald Ford donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Digitized from Box 15 of the Robert T. Hartmann Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library THE WHITE HOUSE WASJ:iiNCJTOM .) 'lr1/f<1 Mr. Hartmann: .f f·' J*f<vj Dorothy says the ~r~sidentJ wants these letters out TODAY if the letter meets your approval. Dorothy has ordered the additional calculators. Should Congressman McFall also receive one? ~eta i ,9-_/J ~;'1 t/ cz ·. { 0 r . ll"3L\D . - 3501 . 531 OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT WASHINGTON, D.C. From the President: To: a.m. p.m. Dear ~~~~~~~~~~ On my recent trip to the Far East, I just had to squeeze in enough personal time in a very tight schedule, to allow me to find this little Christmas gift and souvenir of Japan for you. -
Texas Association for the Gifted & Talented
TEXAS ASSOCIATION FOR THE GIFTED & TALENTED Member 01 The National Association tor Gifted Children (NAGel The ASSOciation for Gdle<! ITAG) Vol. II No. I TAGTTempo March 1981 Contents: TAGT Hosts T AGT Legislative Reception/Dinner. .. 1 State Legislators Editor's Page .................................. 2 TAGT hosted a receptionj dinner on Thursday. TAGT Executive Board - 1981 ................... 2 February 12, 1981, for all its membership and "friends of President's Report .............................. 3 the gifted" in Austin. Parents ..................................... '. 3 In addition to many of OUf state senators, representatives and their aides who attended, more than Regional Reports. .. 4 50 percent of the members of the Texas State Board of Legislative Report ............................ " 5 Education were present. The support from parents and G /T Calendar ................................ 6-7 educators around the state was impressive. Under the able direction of Dr. Charles Patterson, State G/T News ................................ 7 Asst. Superintendent for Instruction, Killeen ISO, TAGTI ........................................ 8 approximately 300 individuals participated in a very important legislative activity for TAGT. The overwhelming feeling of support for gifted education was apparent in the informal one-ta-one interaction. Action Needed Immediately communicate to the Budget and Authorizing Comnmittees the total unacceptability of the Reagan-OMB Budget proposal which recommends a 20 percent reduction in federal education funds and the consolidation of 57 education programs. Correspond to: President Ronald Reagan. The White House, 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW. Washington, DC 20500. MESSAGE: The 20 percent reduction in education funds represents an unacceptable withdrawal of the federal commitment to the education of exceptional children. In fact, such a reduction to P.L. 94-142 would result in a figure Jess than 10 percent of the national average per pupil expenditure (NAPPE) when Congress is authorized to pay 40 percent of the NAPPE. -
The Original Documents Are Located in Box 16, Folder “6/25/76 - St
The original documents are located in Box 16, folder “6/25/76 - St. Paul, MN” of the Betty Ford White House Papers, 1973-1977 at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Betty Ford donated to the United States of America her copyrights in all of her unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. WITHDRAWAL SHEET (PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARIES) FORM OF CORRESPONDENTS OR TITLE DATE RESTRICTION DOCUMENT Schedule Proposed Schedule - Mrs. Ford's Visit to the Minnesota State GOP 6/24/1976 B Convention, Minneapolis (4 pages) File Location: Betty Ford Papers, Box 16, "6/25/76 St. Paul, Minnesota" JNN-7/30/2018 RESTRICTION CODES (A) Closed by applicable Executive order governing access to national security information. (B) Closed by statute or by the agency which originated the document. (C) Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in the donor's deed of gift. NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION NA FORM 1429 (1-98) ,J President Ford Committee 1828 L STREET, N.W., SUITE 250, WASHINGTON, D.C. 20036 (202) 457-6400 MEMORANDUM TO: SHEILA WEIDENFELD DATE: JUNE 14, 1976 FROM: TIM AUST!~ RE: MRS. -
September 22-30, 1972
--------------------:--=:"'":'=-:~~---~~""":"":':''':''"'"'"'::-:-:':'''':'':'"~~~-----------..., ,,,,' WHITE HOUSE PRESIDENT RICHARD NIXON'S DAilY DIARY (S« Travel Record for Travel ActivilY) PLACE DAY hEGAN DATE (Mo., Day, Yr.) SEPTEMBER 22, 1972 THE WHITE HOUSE TIME DAY WABtlINGTON, D.{;. 8:35 a.m. FRIDAY PHONE TIME P=Placed R=Receivcd ACTIVITY III 1.0 LD 8:35 The President had breakfast. 8:54 8:57 The President met with his Deputy Assistant, Alexander P. Butterfield. 8:58 9:08 The President met with: H. R. Haldeman, Assistant Charles W. Colson, Special Counsel The President participated in a photo opportunity with members of the Shriners of North America: 9:08 9:15 Henry B. Struby, Imperial Potentate of the Shrine of North America 9:08 9:15 Lloyd E. Church, Potentate of the Almas Temple, Washington, D.C. 9:08 9:15 William P. Jacobs, Jr., Past Potentate of the Almas Temple, Washington, D.C. 9:08 9:15 Roger E. Johnson, Special Assistant to the Chief of Protocol 9:08 9:15 William F. Rhatican, Staff Assistant 9:10 9:14 Mr. Butterfield White House photographer, in/out 9:14 P The President telephoned Mr. Colson. The call was not - completed. 9:17 The President went to the South Grounds of the White House. 9:18 9:25 The President flew by helicopter from the South Gro~nds of the White House to Andrews AFB, Maryland. For a list of passengers, see APPENDIX "A." EDT CDT 9: 32 11:51 The President flew by the "Spirit of '76" from Andrews AFB, Maryland to Laredo AFB, Texas. For a list of passengers, see APPENDIX liB." ~ (Actual flying time - 3 hours 19 minutes) p - EDT 9:32 12:51 The President's activities during this time occurred in flight and are recorded in Eastern Daylight Time.