DOCSLIB.ORG

Springer Theses Recognizing Outstanding Ph.D. Research

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Springer Theses Recognizing Outstanding Ph.D. Research Springer Theses Recognizing Outstanding Ph.D. Research Zongxing Li Study on Climate Change in Southwestern China Springer Theses Recognizing Outstanding Ph.D. Research Aims and Scope The series “Springer Theses” brings together a selection of the very best Ph.D. theses from around the world and across the physical sciences. Nominated and endorsed by two recognized specialists, each published volume has been selected for its scientific excellence and the high impact of its contents for the pertinent field of research. For greater accessibility to non-specialists, the published versions include an extended introduction, as well as a foreword by the student’s supervisor explaining the special relevance of the work for the field. As a whole, the series will provide a valuable resource both for newcomers to the research fields described, and for other scientists seeking detailed background information on special ques- tions. Finally, it provides an accredited documentation of the valuable contributions made by today’s younger generation of scientists. Theses are accepted into the series by invited nomination only and must fulfill all of the following criteria • They must be written in good English. • The topic should fall within the confines of Chemistry, Physics, Earth Sciences, Engineering and related interdisciplinary fields such as Materials, Nanoscience, Chemical Engineering, Complex Systems and Biophysics. • The work reported in the thesis must represent a significant scientific advance. • If the thesis includes previously published material, permission to reproduce this must be gained from the respective copyright holder. • They must have been examined and passed during the 12 months prior to nomination. • Each thesis should include a foreword by the supervisor outlining the sig- nificance of its content. • The theses should have a clearly defined structure including an introduction accessible to scientists not expert in that particular field. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/8790 Zongxing Li Study on Climate Change in Southwestern China Doctoral Thesis accepted by Cold and Arid Region Environment and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China 123 Author Supervisor Dr. Zongxing Li Prof. Yuanqing He Cold and Arid Region Environment Cold and Arid Region Environment and Engineering Research Institute and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou Lanzhou China China ISSN 2190-5053 ISSN 2190-5061 (electronic) ISBN 978-3-662-44741-3 ISBN 978-3-662-44742-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-44742-0 Library of Congress Control Number: 2014951737 Springer Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) Parts of this thesis have been published in the following journal articles: 1. *Li, Z.X., He, Y.Q., Wang, P.Y., Theakstone, W.H., An, W.L., Wang, X.F., Lu, A.G., Zhang, W., Cao, W.H. (2012): Changes of daily climate extremes in Southwestern China during 1961–2008. Global and Planetary Change, 80–81 (2012):255–272. (Reproduced with Permission) 2. *Li, Z.X., He, Y.Q., An, W.L., Song, L.L., Zhang, W., Norm, C., Wang, Y., Wang, S.J., Liu, H.C., Cao, W.H., Theakstone, W.H., Wang, S.X., Du, J.K. (2011): Climate and glacier change in Southwestern China during the past several decades. Environmental Research Letters, 6 (2011) 045404. (Repro- duced with Permission) 3. *Li, Z.X., Feng, Q., Zhang, W., He, Y.Q., Wang, X.F., Norm, C., An, W.L., Du, J.K., Chen, A.F., Liu, L., Hu, M. (2012): Decreasing trend of sunshine hours and related driving forces in Southwestern China. Theoretical and Applied Clima- tology, 109(2012):305–321. (Reproduced with Permission) 4. Li, Z.X., He, Y.Q., Theakstone, W.H., Wang, X.F., Zhang, W., Cao, W.H., Du, J.K., Xin, H.J., Chang, L. (2012): Altitude dependency of trends of daily climate extremes in Southwestern China, 1961–2008. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 22(3):416–430. (Reproduced with Permission) 5. Yang, X.M., Li, Z.X. (corresponding author), Feng, Q., He, Y.Q., An, W.L., Zhang, W., Cao, W.H., Yu, T.F., Wang, Y.M., Theakstone, W.H. (2012): The decreasing wind speed in Southwestern China during 1969–2008, and possible causes. Quaternary International, 263(2012):71–84. 6. Li, Z.X., He, Y.Q., Pu, T., Jia, W.X., He, X.Z., Pang, H.X., Zhang, N.N., Liu, Q., Wang, S.J., Zhu, G.F., Wang, S.X., Chang, L., Du, J.K., Xin, H.J. (2010): Changes of climate, glaciers and runoff in China’s monsoonal temperate glacier region during the last several decades. Quaternary International, 218 (2010):13–28. (Reproduced with Permission) 7. Li, Z.X., He, Y.Q., Yang, X.M., Theakstone, W.H., Jia, W.X., Pu, T., Liu, Q., He, X.Z., Song, B., Zhang, N.N., Wang, S.J., Du, J.K. (2010): Changes of the Hailuogou glacier, Mt. Gongga, China, against the background of climate change since the Holocene.Quaternary International, 218(2010):166–175. (Reproduced with Permission) Supervisor’s Foreword This study mainly explores the response of climate change in the cold regions of China to the global changes against the background of the monsoon climate. Based on the observation data, this paper systemically researches the spatiotemporal characteristics of climate in Southwestern China in nearly 50 years, and reveals the driving mechanism of climate change. On this basis, this study also delves into the response of the glacier system to climate changes. The main findings in this study are as follows: (1) Through analysis of the records of field observations and previous studies, some changes are found in Southwestern China, including sharp temperature rises, slight interannual variability of the precipitation, obvious extreme climate events, significant decrease in sunshine duration and wind speed. Meanwhile, a close relation between spatial variation of climate and elevation has been confirmed. The research constructs the temporal and spatial patterns of climate change in Southwestern China, which makes up for the deficiency of research on the climate change in the study region, and provides a scientific basis for the establishment of countermeasures about slowing down and adapting to climate change. (2) Aiming at the complexity and uncertainty of climate change in Southwestern China, this study systemically explores the action mechanism between the large-scale atmospheric circulation system, the complicated topography, human activities, and regional climate changes. At the same time, this study reveals the temporal and spatial correlation mechanism between circulation systems and the regional climate changes, confirms the significant influence of the micro- climate effect caused by the topography change to the regional climate change, and evaluates the effects of human activities to climate change, especially the fast urbanization process. These results provide important information for accurate assessment on warming climate and predictions of climate change, and provide a favorable basis for a precipitation in flood season and a forecast of extreme weather. In addition, they improve the level of research on climate change in the cold regions of China, enriching and developing the scientific vii viii Supervisor’s Foreword theory of global climate change. In 2012, the results were published in a magazine called “Global and Planetary Change”. It is particularly pleasing that the results attracted considerable attention compared with others of the same scope, and were included in ESI in 2013. (3) On the basis of the analyses of observation data on glaciers in Southwestern China, this study analyzes the response of glaciers to climate change from three aspects (the morphology of the glacier, glacial mass balance, and the process of hydrology) so that on one hand, it is clear about the responding relationship between glacier morphologic changes such as area, length and ice surface microrelief, and climate changes; and on the other hand, the mechanism of the action of climate warming to balance between energy and matter is uncovered in order to illustrate the effects of acceleration of glacial ablation to climate change and investigate the influence of meltwater on the hydrologic system.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Recent Shrinkage and Hydrological Response of Hailuogou Glacier, a Monsoon Temperate Glacier on the East Slope of Mount Gongga, China
    Journal of Glaciology, Vol. 56, No. 196, 2010 215 Recent shrinkage and hydrological response of Hailuogou glacier, a monsoon temperate glacier on the east slope of Mount Gongga, China LIU Qiao,1,2 LIU Shiyin,1 ZHANG Yong,1,3 WANG Xin,1 ZHANG Yingsong,1 GUO Wanqin,1 XU Junli1 1State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou 730000, China E-mail: [email protected] 2Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China 3Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan ABSTRACT. Temperate glaciers are more sensitive to climate changes than polar or continental glaciers, and can drive remarkable runoff variation in local water catchments. Here we present recent glacier shrinkage and runoff change for Hailuogou glacier, a typical monsoon temperate glacier on the east slope of Mount Gongga (Minya Konga), China. The surface area of Hailuogou glacier has decreased by 3.5% (0.92 km2) between 1966 (aerial photographs) and 2007 (ASTER images). Flow measurements at a stream gauge about 500 m down-glacier commencing in 1994 display a remarkable increase in annual runoff (mostly during July–September) since 1999. Annual runoff over the same period in a non- glacierized but forested subcatchment (9.17 km2) did not experience significant change. By separating the daily rainfall component from the daily total discharge, monthly catchment water-balance series were calculated for the period 1994–2005, which shows an increasing trend of glacier storage loss.
    [Show full text]
  • Changes in Glacier Volume on Mt. Gongga, Southeastern Tibetan Plateau, Based on the Analysis of Multi-Temporal Dems from 1966 to 2015
    Journal of Glaciology (2019), 65(251) 366–375 doi: 10.1017/jog.2019.14 © The Author(s) 2019. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work. Changes in glacier volume on Mt. Gongga, southeastern Tibetan Plateau, based on the analysis of multi-temporal DEMs from 1966 to 2015 BO CAO, BAOTIAN PAN, WEIJIN GUAN, ZHENLING WEN, JIE WANG Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems (MOE), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China Correspondence: Baotian Pan <[email protected]> ABSTRACT. The accelerated retreat of glaciers and the reduction of glacier ice reserves caused by climate change can significantly affect regional water resources and hydrological cycles. Changes in glacier thickness are among the key indicators that reflect this process. We analyzed changes observed in the elevation of glacier surfaces in the Gongga Mountains (GGM) using multi-temporal Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) derived from topographic maps, SRTM, ICESat and ZY-3 data. The results showed that the mean rate of change in glacier surface altitude in the GGM was ∼−26.7 ± 2.03 m − (0.54 ± 0.04 m a 1) between 1966 and 2015. The mean melt rates differed over different time periods, latterly showing an accelerating trend.
    [Show full text]
  • Distribution Trends of Cadmium and Lead in Timberline Coniferous Forests in the Eastern Tibetan Plateau
    applied sciences Article Distribution Trends of Cadmium and Lead in Timberline Coniferous Forests in the Eastern Tibetan Plateau Longyu Jia 1, Ji Luo 2, Peihao Peng 1,*, Wei Li 2, Danli Yang 1, Wenbo Shi 1, Qian Xu 1 and Xiyi Lai 1 1 College of Tourism and Urban-Rural Planning, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China; [email protected] (L.J.); [email protected] (D.Y.); [email protected] (W.S.); [email protected] (Q.X.); [email protected] (X.L.) 2 Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; [email protected] (J.L.); [email protected] (W.L.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: The concentrations of Pb and Cd in the needles and twigs of fir and spruce collected from 26 sites in the Eastern Tibetan Plateau were measured and analyzed in this study. The mean concentrations of Cd and Pb were 0.034 and 1.291 mg/kg, respectively, in the needles and 0.101 and 2.511 mg/kg, respectively, in the twigs. These concentrations increased significantly with needle and twig age and peaked at 5 years. The twigs were significantly enriched in Pb and Cd compared with the needles. The spatial distributions of Pb and Cd were determined using the inverse-distance- weighted spatial interpolation method on the basis of the mean concentration of the elements in the needles and twigs from each site. The highest concentrations of Pb and Cd in twigs and needles were found in Yunnan Province and Gongga Mountain.
    [Show full text]
  • Human Disturbance Provides Foraging Opportunities for Birds in Primary Subalpine Forest
    J Ornithol (2017) 158:833–839 DOI 10.1007/s10336-017-1442-y ORIGINAL ARTICLE Human disturbance provides foraging opportunities for birds in primary subalpine forest 1,2 3 4 Shane G. DuBay • Andrew Hart Reeve • Yongjie Wu Received: 20 February 2016 / Revised: 26 January 2017 / Accepted: 27 February 2017 / Published online: 8 March 2017 Ó Dt. Ornithologen-Gesellschaft e.V. 2017 Abstract Interspecific foraging associations are well-doc- brunnifrons or Cettia major, and Heteroxenicus stellatus. umented phenomena, characterized by one or more species This behavior is likely a modification of pre-existing exploiting the behavior of another species to decrease interspecific foraging associations with pheasants and large predation or increase foraging success. In rare cases, birds mammals in the region. These larger animals disturb the directly exploit human behavior, but examples of these earth and lower vegetation layers upon passage and while interactions are limited to species that naturally occur in foraging, exposing previously inaccessible invertebrate edge, open, or disturbed habitats. With observations and prey items on which small insectivorous birds can feed. experiments we provide evidence of insectivorous birds Our findings highlight a behavioral capacity in birds to exploiting human disturbance in primary subalpine forest utilize human disturbance in an ecosystem with limited in the mountains of southern China, displaying behavioral human presence. flexibility to gain novel foraging opportunities. We cut and cleared small swaths of dense bamboo growth for an Keywords Adaptive foraging Á Interspecific foraging unrelated study. Multiple insectivorous species were associations Á Human disturbance Á Hengduan Mountains Á recruited to the cleared areas, foraging extensively in the Gongga Mountain Á Seasonality disturbed earth, often within 1 m of us.
    [Show full text]
  • Searchable PDF Format
    { $: . $,: * *,: ax , $: $ ,,',$, ; l* * ? *r. s $ Ctr .:],.,l, ,tii{i I l'iittfi i tiitt* * ;ii t f . ' --" i] Mountains blt Cong Wenzhi PUBLISHED MONIHTY !!! ENGILSH, FRETIICH, SPAN|S}I, ARABIC,'cHrNG GERMAN, PoRTI,GUE5E AND cHlNEsE BY THE cHtNA WELFARE INsirrurE tsooNc Llnci, -CHArRrtiiiirl vol. xxx No. 7 JULY 1981 Artic tfie /l,{onth CONTENTS SOONG CHING LING 60 Yeors of the Chi- Named Honorary Chairman of the People's Republic nese Communist Porfy of China 3 Becomes Member of Chinese Communist Party a Speech: in Equality, For Peace 5 Canadian Award Marks Friendship 4 Politicol qn From Mill Hand to Minister 6 Thoughts on Thoughts on an Anniversary 10 Anniversory Major Events ln the Chinese Communist Party's 60 Years 13 Sidelights in Chlno, old ond Economic Shanxi Province China's Largest Coal Base 16 Economic Results- in 1980 (Charts) 24 throughout. Poge f0 Workers' Living Standards in Tianjin 45 Wang Jinling, the Soybean King 57 SOONG CHING IING Educotion/Scien ce Eminent stoteswomon becomes member ol the A Liberal Arts College Founded by the People 60 Chinese Communist Porly ond Honorory Choirmon Xiamen (Amoy) University's Overseas Correspondence of the People's Republic of Chino. 'lln Equolity, For College 33 Peoce", her most recent speech. Mount Gongga Biologists' Paradise 34 - From Textile Worker Minister Culture to 2,000 Years of Chinese Pagodas 27 The textile worker Hoo Hongkong Photographer Exhibits in Beijing 42 Jionxiu, obout whom Tianjin Collectors Donate Art Treasures to the State 62 Chino Reconstructs first wrote in 1952 wtren Medicine/Society she wos o girl of t7 ond A Woman Plastic Surgeon 32 imented o new method Active Life for the Handicapped 48 in cotton spinning, wos Sports Meet for the Blind and Deaf-Mutes 50 recently oppointed Chino's Minister of Tex.
    [Show full text]
  • Elemental Compositions of PM2.5 and TSP in Lijiang, Southeastern Edge of Tibetan Plateau During Pre-Monsoon Period
    Particuology 11 (2013) 63–69 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Particuology jou rnal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/partic Elemental compositions of PM2.5 and TSP in Lijiang, southeastern edge of Tibetan Plateau during pre-monsoon period a,b a,c,∗ a a Ningning Zhang , Junji Cao , Hongmei Xu , Chongshu Zhu a Key Laboratory of Aerosol Science & Technology, SKLLQG, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710075, China b State Key Laboratory of Cryspheric Science, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China c Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: PM2.5 and total suspended particulate (TSP) samples were collected at Lijiang, southeastern Tibetan Received 5 July 2012 Plateau, China. Sixteen elements (Al, Si, S, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Ti, Fe, Ni, Zn, As, Br, Sb, Pb and Cu) were analyzed Received in revised form 5 August 2012 to investigate their elemental compositions during the pre-monsoon period. The results showed that Ca Accepted 16 August 2012 was the most abundant element in both PM2.5 and TSP samples. The enrichment factors (EFs) of Si, Ti, Ca, Fe, K and Mn were all below 10 for both PM2.5 and TSP, and these elements also had lower PM2.5/TSP ratios Keywords: (0.32–0.34), suggesting that they were mainly derived from crustal sources. Elements Cu, Zn, S, Br and Elements Sb showed strong enrichment in PM2.5 and TSP samples, with their PM2.5/TSP ratios ranging from 0.66 to Enrichment factors Pre-monsoon 0.97, indicating that they were enriched in the fine fractions and influenced by anthropogenic sources.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Article (PDF)
    International Conference on Architectural, Civil and Hydraulics Engineering (ICACHE 2015) The Hydrology and Water Resources of the Proglacial Zone of a Monsoonal Temperate Glacier Yuchuan Meng1, a and Guodong Liu2,b 1State Key Lab. of Hydraulics and Mountain River Eng., College of Water Resource and Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China 2 College of Water Resource and Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China [email protected], [email protected] Keywords: Monsoonal temperate glacier; Hydrology; Water resource; Proglacial zone Abstract. The ongoing retreat of temperate glaciers is expected to have substantial impacts on the water resources in mountainous environments. Located on the eastern slope of Mount Gongga, China, Hailuogou Catchment is an ideal location to investigate the complex hydrological systems of the proglacial zone. Physical variables (e.g., water temperature) were measured from the main stem of Hailuogou River and its selected tributaries in July 2011. During the recent twenty years, there appears to be a slightly increasing trend of air temperature, whereas precipitation exhibits a slightly decreasing trend. Air temperature shows a decreasing trend with altitude, whereas precipitation has a reverse one. The results of this work indicate that: (i) air temperature is the main factor and precipitation is only the secondary factor regulating the glacial river runoff; (ii) the annual runoff was seasonally well distributed, with a strong summer maximum and a winter minimum; (iii) the increasing trend of water temperature in the main stem with flow distance is mainly caused by mixture from tributary water inputs with relatively higher temperature.. Introduction For many mountain regions, glacier is a key component of the complicated hydrological regime.
    [Show full text]
  • China (Mainland)
    Important Bird Areas in Asia – Mainland China ■ CHINA MAINLAND CHINA LAND AREA 9,574,000 km2 HUMAN POPULATION 1,276,300,000 (133 per km2) NUMBER OF IBAs 445 TOTAL AREA OF IBAs 1,134,546 km2 STATUS OF IBAs 247 protected; 64 partially protected; 134 unprotected The subtropical forests in Fanjing Shan Nature Reserve (IBA 241), Guizhou, support several threatened and restricted-range species, including both Elliot’s Pheasant Syrmaticus ellioti and Reeves’s Pheasant S. reevesii. (PHOTO: MIKE CROSBY/BIRDLIFE) KEY HABITATS AND BIRDS important breeding and passage areas for many waterbirds, including the threatened Relict Gull Larus relictus. • Much of north-east China was formerly forested (Biome AS02: • Most of the natural habitats on the plains of northern and Boreal forest – Taiga and Biome AS03: North-east Asian central China (between the steppes and the Yangtze basin) have temperate forest), but large areas were cleared by commercial long been modified because of thousands of years of human logging and for agriculture during the second half of the settlement. Many species were able to co-exist with man until twentieth century. However, logging is now banned there, and agricultural intensification linked to human population growth a few important forest areas remain with populations of in the late ninetieth and early twentieth centuries disrupted the threatened species including Scaly-sided Merganser Mergus old balance. Agrochemicals and firearms became widely used squamatus and Rufous-backed Bunting Emberiza jankowskii (a and greatly reduced the diversity and numbers of birds in bird of the transitional zone between forest and steppe which agricultural areas, for example the threatened Crested Ibis may now be confined to north-east China).
    [Show full text]
  • Contribution to the Knowledge of the Agriotini of China. Genera Agriotes Eschscholtz, Ectinus Eschscholtz, Tinecus Fleutiaux and Rainerus Gen
    Boletín Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa, n1 41 (2007) : 7–42. CONTRIBUTION TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE AGRIOTINI OF CHINA. GENERA AGRIOTES ESCHSCHOLTZ, ECTINUS ESCHSCHOLTZ, TINECUS FLEUTIAUX AND RAINERUS GEN. N. (COLEOPTERA, ELATERIDAE, AGRIOTINI) Giuseppe Platia Via Molino Vecchio, 21a, 47043 Gatteo (FC), Italia – [email protected] Abstract: The Agriotes Eschscholtz and Ectinus Eschscholtz of China are revised, with the descriptions, respectively, of 26 and 18 new species. Rainerus, gen. n. with 12 species (11 new), is separated from Ectinus Eschscholtz on the basis of mor- phological characters and particularly the shape of the sclerotic plates of the bursa copulatrix; it also includes two species from Taiwan, one from Myanmar and a new one from Laos. Tinecus Fleutiaux, described with four species from Vietnam, is recorded from China for the first time, with a new species; a further 3 new species are described from Myanmar, Thailand and Laos. Key words: Coleoptera, Elateridae, Agriotini, Agriotes, Ectinus, Tinecus, Rainerus, new genus, new species, new combination, synonyms, chorology, keys, China, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos. Aportación al conocimiento de los Agriotini de China. Géneros Agriotes Eschscholtz, Ectinus Eschscholtz, Tinecus Fleutiaux y Rainerus gen. n. (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Agriotini) Resumen: Se revisan los Agriotes Eschscholtz y Ectinus Eschscholtz de China, con las respectivas descripciones de 26 y 18 nuevas especies. El género Rainerus, gen. n., con 12 especies (11 nuevas), se separa de Ectinus Eschscholtz en base a ca- racteres morfológicos y en particular a la configuración de las piezas esclerotizadas de la bolsa copulatriz; incluye también dos especies de Taiwán, una de Myanmar y una nueva de Laos.
    [Show full text]
  • The Professional's Guide 2017
    THE PROFESSIONAL’S GUIDE 2017 Lake Biwa Irrawaddy River Mekong River Andaman Sea Nha Trang Dalat TIOMAN KUCHING TABLE OF CONTENTS Lake Biwa 4 THE EXO EXPERIENCE 14 VIETNAM 38 LAOS 60 MYANMAR 6 EXO OFFICES IN ASIA 16 UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE 40 ZEN TOUR OF LAOS 62 GREEN SEASON BAGAN VIETNAM 8 ABOUT EXO TRAVEL 41 MULTI-SPORT: DEFYING THE 63 CYCLING GOLDEN ROCK 17 TREKKING LUANG PRABANG CLIFFS IN VANG VIENG & MON STATE 9 WHY TRAVEL WITH TO HANOI EXO? 42 INTO THE WILD: LAOS 64 A COLONIAL WEEKEND IN 18 CULINARY DELIGHTS OF YANGON 10 BOOKING WITH EXO VIETNAM 43 FAMILY FUN IN LAOS 65 SHAN STATE SAMPLER 11 SALES OFFICES 19 WILDLIFE DISCOVERY – WORLDWIDE 46 INDONESIA CUC PHUONG NATIONAL 68 CHINA 12 TRAVELLING PARK 48 SUNRISE AT BOROBUDUR RESPONSIBLY 70 EMEI SHAN HIKING 49 THE SUMATRA TREKKING CIRCUIT 13 COMMUNITY BASED 22 THAILAND CHALLENGE TOURISM 71 THE LAST TEAR ON EARTH 24 THAI BOUTIQUE 50 JAVA AND BALI DELUXE Irrawaddy River 84 OUR RESOURCES EXPERIENCE 72 PANDAS AND BUDDHAS 51 JAVA’S TEMPLES, OF SICHUAN Mekong River 86 OUR COMMITMENT 25 NORTHERN THAILAND – PLANTATIONS, AND TO YOU NATURAL BEAUTY AND VOLCANOES 73 CLASSIC CHINA WITH A HISTORY TWIST 26 TREK, PADDLE, AND CLIMB 54 MALAYSIA Andaman Sea SOUTHERN THAILAND 76 JAPAN 56 THE ESSENCE OF BORNEO 27 THAI HERITAGE 78 TOKYO AND BEYOND 57 BEST OF MALAYSIA’S Nha Trang HIGHLANDS 79 YAKUSHIMA OUTDOOR Dalat 30 CAMBODIA ADVENTURE 58 CULTURAL EAST COAST 32 ANGKOR HIKE AND BIKE MALAYSIA 80 ART & CULTURE OF JAPAN 33 FASCINATING PHNOM PENH 59 MALAYSIA LUXURY 81 JAPAN IN STYLE 34 REMOTE CAMBODIA 35 LUXURY KEP GETAWAY 14 46 54 68 TIOMAN KUCHING 22 30 38 60 76 With local teams in every major Asian destination we THE EXO operate in, we seek out, refine, and deliver a diverse EXPERIENCE range of travel experiences for a global audience.
    [Show full text]
  • Soil N-Alkane Δd Vs. Altitude Gradients Along Mount Gongga, China
    Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 72 (2008) 5165–5174 www.elsevier.com/locate/gca Soil n-alkane dD vs. altitude gradients along Mount Gongga, China Guodong Jia *, Kai Wei, Fajin Chen, Ping’an Peng State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China Received 10 December 2007; accepted in revised form 6 August 2008; available online 20 August 2008 Abstract The altitude effect on the isotopic composition of precipitation and its application to paleoelevation reconstruction using authigenic or pedogenic minerals have been intensively studied. However, there are still no studies on variations in biomarker dD along altitude transects to investigate its potential as a paleoelevation indicator, although it has been observed that dDof higher plant lipid may record changes in precipitation dD(dDp). Here, we present dD values of higher plant-derived C27,C29, and C31 n-alkanes from surface soil along the eastern slope of Mount Gongga, China with great changes in physical variables and vegetation over a range from 1000 to 4000 m above sea level. The weighted-mean dD values of these n-alkanes (dDwax) 2 show significant linear correlations with predicted dDp values (R = 0.76) with an apparent isotopic enrichment (ewax–p)of À137 ± 9&, indicating that soil dDwax values track overall dDp variation along the entire altitudinal transect. Leaf dDwax is also highly correlated with mountain altitude by a significant quadratic relationship (R2 = 0.80). Evapotranspiration is found declining with altitude, potentially lowering dDwax values at higher elevations. However, this evapotranspiration effect is believed to be largely compensated by the opposing effect of vegetation changes, resulting in less varied ewax–p values over the slope transect.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Nazeris Fauna of China II. New Species and Records from Zhejiang, Sichuan, and Yunnan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae)
    Bonn zoological Bulletin 62 (2): 125 –170 December 2013 On the Nazeris fauna of China II. New species and records from Zhejiang, Sichuan, and Yunnan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae) Volker Assing Gabelsbergerstr. 2, D-30163 Hannover, Germany; E-mail: [email protected]. Abstract. Material of the Palaearctic paederine genus Nazeris Fauvel, 1873 from the Chinese provinces Zhejiang, Sichuan, and Yunnan is revised. Thirty species are described and illustrated, eight of them from Sichuan and the remainder from Yunnan: Nazeris bilamellatus sp. n. (Sichuan: Emei Shan); N. foveatus sp. n. (Sichuan: Erlang Shan); N. appendiculatus sp. n. (Sichuan: Daxue Shan); N. puetzi sp. n. (Sichuan: Erlang Shan); N. cornutus sp. n. (Sichuan: Erlang Shan); N. tri - furcatus sp. n. (Sichuan: Xiaoxiang Ling); N. wrasei sp. n. (Sichuan: Xiaoxiang Ling); N. schuelkei sp. n. (Sichuan: Laba - he, Daxiang Ling); N. wuliangicus sp. n. (Yunnan: Wuliang Shan and adjacent mountain range); N. nivimontis sp. n. (Yun - nan: Xue Shan N Lincang); N. sagittifer sp. n. (Yunnan: Ailao Shan, Wuliang Shan); N. secatus sp. n. (Yunnan: Laobie Shan); N. cangicus sp. n. (Yunnan: Diancang Shan); N. aculeatus sp. n. (Yunnan: Jizu Shan); N. zhemoicus sp. n. (Yun - nan: Zhemo Shan); N. pungens sp. n. (Yunnan: Xue Shan ENE Lincang); N. lanuginosus sp. n. (Yunnan: Laobie Shan); N. peniculatus sp. n. (Yunnan: mountain range N Er Hai); N. barbatus sp. n. (Yunnan: Wuliang Shan); N. firmilobatus sp. n. (Yunnan: Gaoligong Shan); N. spiculatus sp. n. (Yunnan: mountain range E Luxi); N. curvus sp. n. (Yunnan: Gaoligong Shan); N. infractus sp. n. (Yunnan: Nu Shan); N.
    [Show full text]