Pygmy Marmoset:Pygmy Marmoset

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Pygmy Marmoset Description The Pygmy Marmoset has speckled, tawny fur and a hood of hair on its head. Like other marmosets, the Pygmy Marmoset has claw-like nails that help them to climb. The tail is 17–23 cm long, which is longer than the body, and marked with black rings. Scientific Name Conservation Status Diet Callithrix pygmaea Extinct Pygmy Marmosets are omnivores. They gouge 10 or more new holes out of tree bark every day and return to Extinct in the Wild these, and older holes, at different times to collect and Critically Endangered eat the gum the tree produces. They also eat flower nectar, fruit, grubs and spiders. Endangered In the wild Vulnerable They travel in troops of 5–10 and there is one breeding Near-Threatened pair per troop. Older offspring usually carry the younger offspring. When they are under attack, the whole group Least Concern will mob an intruder, loudly vocalising and attacking until Data Deficient it retreats. At other times, they will remain still until the threat has passed. Body Length: 12–15 cm Predators of Pygmy Marmosets include raptors (birds of Weight: 100–125 g prey), small cats and snakes. Gestation: 130–140 days Number of young: 1–3 Threats Pygmy Marmosets are at most risk from the loss of their natural rainforest habitat in South America. Threats to this species include logging for the timber industry, land clearing for agriculture and the illegal pet trade. At Perth Zoo A family of Pygmy Marmosets is in the Lesser Primates area. Distribution Distribution: The Amazon Did you know? Habitat: Rainforest The Pygmy Marmoset is the smallest primate in the world. It is so small it fits into a human palm. xCEXV m t M xCEXV m t M xCEXVmt.

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Marmoset (Callithrix Jacchus)
THE USE OF TRANSABDOMINAL PALPATION TO DETERMINE THE COURSE OF PREGNANCY IN THE MARMOSET (CALLITHRIX JACCHUS) I. R. PHILLIPS and SUE M. GRIST Royal College of Surgeons of England, Research Establishment, Downe, Orpington, Kent (Received 2nd September 1974) Summary. Transabdominal palpation was used to determine maturity, course of pregnancy and post-partum changes in marmosets throughout seventy-four full-term pregnancies. The accuracy of the technique is compared with that ofother methods ofstudying the course ofpregnancy in this species. INTRODUCTION Several workers have reported the use of the marmosets (F. Callithricidae) in biomedicai research (Levy & Artecona, 1964; Hampton, Hampton & Land¬ wehr, 1966; Deinhardt, Devine, Passovoy, Pohlman & Deinhardt, 1967; Gengozian, 1969; Epple, 1970; Poswillo, Hamilton & Sopher, 1972). The mem¬ bers of this family are unusual in that they exhibit neither the menstrual cycle of other primates, nor the obvious oestrous cycle of other mammals. Preslock, Hampton & Hampton (1973) demonstrated a mean reproductive cycle of 15-5+1-5 days in Saguinus oedipus. Hearn & Lunn (1975) determined a mean cycle of 16-4+1 -7 days for Callithrix jacchus. The exact day during the reproduc¬ tive cycle on which ovulation occurs has not been determined. Under optimum conditions of husbandry and nutrition, marmosets are ex¬ ceptionally prolific breeders with no sign of a breeding season in captivity (Grist, 1975; Phillips, 1975). They are best maintained as monogamous pairs for breed¬ ing purposes. Although the female marmoset has a simplex uterus, the vast majority of conceptions result in twins, with occasional triplets or singletons. The literature relating to the precise duration of pregnancy in C.
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Controlled Animals
Environment and Sustainable Resource Development Fish and Wildlife Policy Division Controlled Animals Wildlife Regulation, Schedule 5, Part 1-4: Controlled Animals Subject to the Wildlife Act, a person must not be in possession of a wildlife or controlled animal unless authorized by a permit to do so, the animal was lawfully acquired, was lawfully exported from a jurisdiction outside of Alberta and was lawfully imported into Alberta. NOTES: 1 Animals listed in this Schedule, as a general rule, are described in the left hand column by reference to common or descriptive names and in the right hand column by reference to scientific names. But, in the event of any conflict as to the kind of animals that are listed, a scientific name in the right hand column prevails over the corresponding common or descriptive name in the left hand column. 2 Also included in this Schedule is any animal that is the hybrid offspring resulting from the crossing, whether before or after the commencement of this Schedule, of 2 animals at least one of which is or was an animal of a kind that is a controlled animal by virtue of this Schedule. 3 This Schedule excludes all wildlife animals, and therefore if a wildlife animal would, but for this Note, be included in this Schedule, it is hereby excluded from being a controlled animal. Part 1 Mammals (Class Mammalia) 1. AMERICAN OPOSSUMS (Family Didelphidae) Virginia Opossum Didelphis virginiana 2. SHREWS (Family Soricidae) Long-tailed Shrews Genus Sorex Arboreal Brown-toothed Shrew Episoriculus macrurus North American Least Shrew Cryptotis parva Old World Water Shrews Genus Neomys Ussuri White-toothed Shrew Crocidura lasiura Greater White-toothed Shrew Crocidura russula Siberian Shrew Crocidura sibirica Piebald Shrew Diplomesodon pulchellum 3.
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Range Extension of the Vulnerable Dwarf Marmoset, Callibella Humilis (Roosmalen Et Al
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/256101683 Range extension of the vulnerable dwarf marmoset, Callibella humilis (Roosmalen et al. 1998), and first analysis of its long call structure Article in Primates · August 2013 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-013-0381-3 · Source: PubMed CITATIONS READS 5 154 3 authors, including: Guilherme Siniciato Terra Garbino Federal University of Minas Gerais 44 PUBLICATIONS 208 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Escalas de Distribuição de Morcegos Amazônicos View project Revisões filogenia e taxonomia de morcegos neotropicais View project All content following this page was uploaded by Guilherme Siniciato Terra Garbino on 05 February 2014. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Primates (2013) 54:331–334 DOI 10.1007/s10329-013-0381-3 NEWS AND PERSPECTIVES Range extension of the vulnerable dwarf marmoset, Callibella humilis (Roosmalen et al. 1998), and first analysis of its long call structure G. S. T. Garbino • F. E. Silva • B. J. W. Davis Received: 4 April 2013 / Accepted: 2 August 2013 / Published online: 22 August 2013 Ó Japan Monkey Centre and Springer Japan 2013 Abstract We present two new records for the vulnerable Introduction dwarf marmoset, Callibella humilis. The first record, based on observed and photographed individuals, is from a The dwarf marmoset Callibella humilis is currently known campinarana area on the left (west) bank of the Rio Ma- from 12 localities in the lower reaches of the Madeira— deirinha, a left (west)-bank tributary of the Rio Roosevelt Aripuana˜ interfluvium of the southwestern-central Brazil- in the state of Amazonas, municipality of Novo Aripuana˜ ian Amazonia (Roosmalen and Roosmalen 2003).
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Goeldi's Monkey
Goeldi’s Monkey (Callimico) Callimico goeldii Class: Mammalia Order: Primates Family: Callitrichidae Characteristics: Goeldi’s monkeys are very small primates. They are approximately the size of a squirrel. These monkeys are very dark in color, ranging in shades of black and brown. They have a mane-like appearance with longer fur near the head and neck. The Goeldi’s monkeys have claws on all of their digits except the second. These small primates weigh only 22oz on average. They have a body length that is in the range of 8-12 inches. The non-prehensile tail is usually longer than the body. (Primate Info Net) Behavior: The Goeldi’s monkey lives in small family groups usually consisting of a breeding pair and other family members. These groups will Range & Habitat: Upper Amazonian rainforests of grow up to 10 individuals in size. They are very social animals and will southern Colombia, eastern spend a great deal of time grooming and communicating with Ecuador and Peru, western Brazil, vocalizations, scent, facial, and body language. (Animal Diversity) This and northern Bolivia. monkey forages in the understory of the forest and rarely goes up into the canopy. They are very agile and can leap up to 13 feet between branches! (Arkive) Reproduction: In the wild, mating occurs during the wet season of September through November. Females have a gestation of 145-152 days. The female will give birth to a single young twice a year. The mother will care for the newborn for 10-20 days, then the rest of the family group will assist the mother.
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Feeding and Nutrition of the Geoffroy's Marmoset
WHAT WE KNOW Where they live: Southeastern Brazil Tropical, Rainforest Inhabit secondary lowlands, evergreen, and semi-deciduous forests, forest edge and dry forest patches. Typically live at elevations between 1600 – 2300 feet but can be found as high as 2600 feet. Arboreal Rowe, 1996; Rylands and Mendes, 2008 WHAT WE KNOW Social Behavior: Live in family groups, up to 8-10 individuals Usually monogamous, only dominate male and female typically breed Groups are usually comprised of a breeding pair and their offspring Daughters are usually reproductively suppressed Wakenshaw, 1999 WHAT WE KNOW Wild diet: Anatomical and behavioral adaptations for tree- gouging Able to gouge into tree trunks, branches, and vines to obtain gum Eat plant gums, insects and fruit Also eat flowers, nectar, frogs, snails, lizards, and spiders. Passamani & Ryland, 2000; Passamani, 1998; Rowe, 1996; Rylands and Mendes, 2008 IN THE WILD Passamani & Ryland, 2000 One year study, that included 9,013 observations of which 1848 were of feeding Group sized varied from 3 – 5. 68.6% of all feeding observations were gums 15% fruit 14.6% invertebrates 0.8% small vertebrates 1% unidentified FEEDING CHOICES IN THE WILD Animals eat gum and insects year around During the wet season, Dec & Jan, selection of fruit greatly increases (43% of feeding observations) but animals continue to consume gums and insects Passamani & Ryland, 2000 IMPORTANT KEY POINTS FOR APPROPRIATELY FEEDING CAPTIVE GEOFFROY’S MARMOSETS 1. Fruit will be preferentially consumed when available 2. Wild marmosets use their teeth to gouge or gnaw holes in trees and vines for gum 3. Animals are usually monogamous and the breeding pair are dominant 4.
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Taxonomic Status of Callithrix Kuhlii
Primate Conservation 2006 (2): –24 The Taxonomic Status of Wied’s Black-tufted-ear Marmoset, Callithrix kuhlii (Callitrichidae, Primates) Adelmar F. Coimbra-Filho¹, Russell A. Mittermeier ², Anthony B. Rylands³, Sérgio L. Mendes4, M. Cecília M. Kierulff 5, and Luiz Paulo de S. Pinto6 1Rua Artur Araripe 60/901, Gávea, 22451-020 Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 2Conservation International, Washington, DC, USA 3Center for Applied Biodiversity Science, Conservation International, Washington, DC, USA 4 Departamento de Ciências Biológicas – CCHN, Universidade Federal do, Espírito Santo, Espírito Santo, Brazil 5Fundação Parque Zoológico de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 6 Conservation International do Brasil, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil Abstract: In this paper we provide a description of Wied’s black tufted-ear marmoset, or the Southern Bahian marmoset, Callithrix kuhlii Coimbra-Filho, 1985, from the Atlantic forest of southern Bahia in Brazil. It was first recorded by Prinz Maximilian zu Wied-Neuwied during his travels in 1815–1816. Its validity was questioned by Hershkovitz (1977, Living New World Monkeys [Platyrrhini], Chicago University Press, Chicago), who considered it a hybrid of two closely related marmosets, C. penicillata and C. geoffroyi. Vivo (99, Taxonomia de Callithrix Erxleben 1777 [Callitrichidae, Primates], Fundação Biodiversitas, Belo Hori- zonte), on the other hand, while demonstrating it was not a hybrid, argued that it was merely a dark variant of C. penicillata. We discuss a number of aspects concerning the taxonomic history of the forms penicillata, jordani, and kuhlii and the validity of the form kuhlii, examining the supposition that it may be a hybrid, besides the evidence concerning vocalizations, morphology, pelage, and ecology.
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The Smallest Anthropoids Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects
The Smallest Anthropoids Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects Series Editor: Russell Tuttle Department of Anthropology The University of Chicago, IL, USA For other titles published in this series, go to www.springer.com/series/5852 Susan M. Ford ● Leila M. Porter ● Lesa C. Davis Editors The Smallest Anthropoids The Marmoset/Callimico Radiation BookID 125266_ChapID FM_Proof# 1 - 26/08/2009 BookID 125266_ChapID FM_Proof# 1 - 26/08/2009 Editors Susan M. Ford Leila M. Porter Southern Illinois University Northern Illinois University Carbondale, IL DeKalb, IL USA USA [email protected] [email protected] Lesa C. Davis Northeastern Illinois University Chicago, IL USA [email protected] ISBN 978-1-4419-0292-4 e-ISBN 978-1-4419-0293-1 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-0293-1 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2009927722 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2009 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights.
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Marmoset-Specific Anesthesia Guidance
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Marmoset-Specific Anesthesia I. Purpose: This document has been designed by the ARC veterinary staff as a guideline for Marmoset anesthesia. This is not intended to be an inclusive list of all possible drug combinations that can be used in marmosets. Instead, these guidelines are general recommendations. Consequently, they do not include reference to specific research-associated concerns. If you have questions about the use of anesthetics for your particular situation, please work with your area veterinarian to develop the most effective anesthetic plan. Anesthesia is the loss of feeling in all or part of the body, with or without loss of consciousness. Animals may be anesthetized for surgery, for non-surgical procedures that may be painful, or for non-painful procedures that require immobilization. Steps must be taken before, during, and after anesthesia to ensure the safety of the animal and efficacy of anesthesia. These are listed in the General Guidelines section below. Anesthetic drugs can be administered parenterally or by inhalation. Commonly used anesthetic agents are described below. The choice of anesthetic agent will depend on the procedure to be performed, research aims, and other factors. Consult your area veterinarian with questions about drug selection. II. General considerations: • Prior to anesthesia, marmosets should be only be fasted for 4-8 h to avoid perioperative hypoglycemia. Water should not be restricted. • Most anesthetic drugs cause hypotension and hyperthermia. Provide supplemental heat under anesthesia. Regardless of the heat source used, do not place animals directly on the heat. • Following sedation, place an indwelling catheter for administration of anesthetic drugs, emergency drugs, and intravenous fluid support.
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Separation Ages for Primates in New Dutch Legislation
Rapport 728 Separation ages for primates in new Dutch legislation April 2013 Colophon Publisher Wageningen UR Livestock Research P.O. Box 65, 8200 AB Lelystad Telephone +31 320 - 238238 Fax +31 320 - 238050 E-mail [email protected] Internet http://www.livestockresearch.wur.nl Editing Communication Services Copyright © Wageningen UR Livestock Research, part of Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek (DLO Foundation), 2013 Abstract Reproduction of contents, either whole or in part, This report describes expert views concerning permitted with due reference to the source. separation ages of specified primate species (chimpanzees, rhesus, stump-tailed and long- Liability tailed macaques, marmosets, douroucoulis and Wageningen UR Livestock Research does not squirrel monkeys) in view of a revision of the accept any liability for damages, if any, arising from Dutch animal welfare legislation. the use of the results of this study or the application of the recommendations. Keywords Primates, weaning, separation, maternal Wageningen UR Livestock Research and Central behaviour, dispersion, animal welfare, expert Veterinary Institute of Wageningen UR, both part of opinion, decision support, policy making, Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek (DLO legislation Foundation), together with the Department of Animal Sciences of Wageningen University Reference comprises the Animal Sciences Group of ISSN 1570 - 8616 Wageningen UR (University & Research centre). Authors Single numbers can be obtained from the website. M.B.M. Bracke (Moderator) and H. Hopster Title ISO 9001 certification by DNV emphasizes our Separation ages for primates in new Dutch quality level. All our research projects are legislation subject to the General Conditions of the Animal Sciences Group, which have been filed with the District Court Zwolle.
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Cranial Morphology of Callithrix Humilis
Neotropical Primates 11(1), April 2003 11 ON THE MORPHOLOGICAL DISTINCTIVENESS OF CALLITHRIX HUMILIS VAN ROOSMALEN ET AL., 1998 John M. Aguiar 1,2 and Thomas E. Lacher, Jr. 1,2 1 Department of Wildlife & Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA. 2 Center for Applied Biodiversity Science (CABS), Conservation International, 1919 M Street, NW, Suite 600, Washington, D.C. 20036, USA. Abstract The dwarf marmoset, described as Callithrix humilis by van Roosmalen et al. (1998), is an anomaly among Amazonian marmosets for its size, morphology and behavior. We compare cranial and mandibular characters of the dwarf marmoset with representatives of four other callitrichid genera. C. humilis displays qualitative differences in skull morphology when compared to other callitrichids, and a discriminant analysis of quantitative characters suggests that the dwarf marmoset is strongly distinct from all other Amazonian genera, including Callithrix. These differences are most pronounced in the mor- phology of the lower jaw and may reﬂ ect specialized feeding adaptations, although little is known of the dwarf marmoset’s behavior in the wild. Key Words – Primates, Callitrichidae, marmosets, Callithrix humilis, dwarf marmoset, Callibella, morphology, morphomet- rics, Amazonia. Resumo O sagüi-anão, previamente descrito como Callithrix humilis van Roosmalen et al., 1998, é uma anomalia entre os sagüis da Amazônia por causa de tamanho, comportamento e morfologia. Comparamos carácteres cranianos e mandibulares do sagüi-anão com exemplares dos quatro outros gêneros de calitriquídeos. C. humilis exibe diferenças qualitativas na morfo- logia do crânio em comparação aos outros calitriquídeos, e uma análise discriminante dos carácteres quantitativos sugere que o sagüi-anão é marcadamente distinto de todos outros gêneros da Amazônia, incluindo Callithrix.
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Breathing Behaviors in Common Marmoset (Callithrix Jacchus)
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.27.223990; this version posted July 29, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Breathing Behaviors in Common Marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) Mitchell Bishop, Ariana Z. Turk, and CAShahriar SheikhBahaei Running title: Breathing Behaviors in Common Marmoset Neuron-Glia Signaling and Circuits Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, 20892 MD, USA Keywords: apnea, breathing behavior, common marmoset, Callithrix jacchus, hypoxia, hypercapnia, sigh, sniffing CACorresponding author: Shahriar SheikhBahaei, PhD; Neuron-Glia Signaling and Circuits Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Tel: +1 (301) 496-0956; Email: [email protected] Conflict of interest: The authors declare no competing financial interests. Acknowledgements: This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program (IRP) of the NIH, NINDS and in part, by the IRP of NIMH. We are grateful for invaluable supports and discussions from Drs. David Leopold, Yogita Chudasama, and Jeffrey Smith. We also thank Dr. Gregory Funk for valuable consultations. bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.27.223990; this version posted July 29, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Abstract: The respiratory system maintains homeostatic levels of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in the body through rapid and efficient regulation of frequency and dept (tidal volume) of breathing.
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Callitrichines 85
PIPC02b 11/7/05 17:20 Page 85 Callitrichines 85 Niemitz, C. (1984). Biology of Tarsiers. Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart. Schultz, A. (1948). The number of young at a birth and the number Niemitz, C., Nietsch, A., Warter, S., and Rumpler, Y. (1991). of nipples in primates. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 6:1–23. Tarsius dianae: a new primate species from central Sulawesi Shekelle, M. (2003). Taxonomy and biogeography of eastern (Indonesia). Folia Primatol. 56:105–116. Tarsiers [PhD thesis]. Washington University, St. Louis. Nietsch, A. (1999). Duet vocalizations among different popu- Shekelle, M., Leksono, S., Ischwan, L., and Masala, Y. (1997). lations of Sulawesi tarsiers. Int. J. Primatol. 20:567–583. The natural history of the tarsiers of north and central Sulawesi. Nietsch, A., and Kopp, M. (1998). The role of vocalization in species Sulawesi Prim. News. 4:4–11. differentiation of Sulawesi tarsiers. Folia Primatol. 69:371–378. Sherman, P., Braude, S., and Jarvis, J. (1999). Litter sizes and Nietsch, A., and Niemitz, C. (1992). Indication for facultative poly- mammary numbers of naked mole-rats: breaking the one-half gamy in free-ranging Tarsius spectrum, supported by morpho- rule. J. Mammal. 80:720–733. metric data. In: International Primatological Society Abstracts. Simons, E., and Bown, T. (1985). Afrotarsius chatrathi, the first International Primatological Society, Strasbourg. p. 318. tarsiiform primate (Tarsiidae) from Africa. Nature 313:4750– Pallas, P. S. (1778). Novae Species quad e Glirium Ordinae cum 477. Illustrationibus Variis Complurium ex hoc Ordinae Animalium, Simpson, G. G. (1945). The principles of classification and a W. Walther, Erlangen. classification of mammals.
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