The Ancestry of William Rocky River Bill
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Columbia Law Review
COLUMBIA LAW REVIEW VOL. 99 DECEMBER 1999 NO. 8 GLOBALISM AND THE CONSTITUTION: TREATIES, NON-SELF-EXECUTION, AND THE ORIGINAL UNDERSTANDING John C. Yoo* As the globalization of society and the economy accelerates, treaties will come to assume a significant role in the regulation of domestic affairs. This Article considers whether the Constitution, as originally understood, permits treaties to directly regulate the conduct of private parties without legislative implementation. It examines the relationship between the treaty power and the legislative power during the colonial, revolutionary, Framing, and early nationalperiods to reconstruct the Framers' understandings. It concludes that the Framers believed that treaties could not exercise domestic legislative power without the consent of Congress, because of the Constitution'screation of a nationallegislature that could independently execute treaty obligations. The Framers also anticipatedthat Congress's control over treaty implementa- tion through legislation would constitute an importantcheck on the executive branch'spower in foreign affairs. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction .................................................... 1956 I. Treaties, Non-Self-Execution, and the Internationalist View ..................................................... 1962 A. The Constitutional Text ................................ 1962 B. Globalization and the PoliticalBranches: Non-Self- Execution ............................................. 1967 C. Self-Execution: The InternationalistView ................ -
Who Was George Washington?
Book Notes: Reading in the Time of Coronavirus By Jefferson Scholar-in-Residence Dr. Andrew Roth Who was George Washington? ** What could be controversial about George Washington? Well, you might be surprised. The recently issued 1776 Project Report [1] describes him as a peerless hero of American freedom while the San Francisco Board of Education just erased his name from school buildings because he was a slave owner and had, shall we say, a troubled relationship with native Americans. [2] Which view is true? The 1776 Project’s view, which The Heritage Foundation called “a celebration of America,” [3] or the San Francisco Board of Education’s? [4] This is only the most recent skirmish in “the history wars,” which, whether from the political right’s attempt to whitewash American history as an ever more glorious ascent or the “woke” left’s attempt to reveal every blemish, every wrong ever done in America’s name, are a political struggle for control of America’s past in order to control its future. Both competing politically correct “isms” fail to see the American story’s rich weave of human aspiration as imperfect people seek to create a more perfect union. To say they never stumble, to say they never fall short of their ideals is one sort of lie; to say they are mere hypocrites who frequently betray the very ideals they preach is another sort of lie. In reality, Americans are both – they are idealists who seek to bring forth upon this continent, in Lincoln’s phrase, “government of the people, by the people, for the people” while on many occasions tripping over themselves and falling short. -
American Historians and the Diplomacy of the American Revolution| an Historiographical Study
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1974 American historians and the diplomacy of the American Revolution| An historiographical study Laurie Joy Wood The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Wood, Laurie Joy, "American historians and the diplomacy of the American Revolution| An historiographical study" (1974). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 1510. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/1510 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. AMERICAN HISTORIANS AND THE DIPLOMACY OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: AN HISTORIOGRAPHICAL STUDY By Laurie Joy Wood B.A., Principia College, 1972 Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA 1974 Approved by: Chairman, Board of Examiners Djg^an"^ Gi>^duate School /y/ H7X. Date UMI Number; EP36207 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMT UMI EP36207 Published by ProQuest LLC (2012). -
Genetics & Genealogy
genetics & genealogy Richard Hall has been researching family histories of notable people for over a decade and his own family Testing a Theory: history for over three decades. He has written several notable descendant Were Abraham Lincoln and Robert E. Lee Related? articles for Mayflower Descendant and is the founder of FamousKin.com In January 1929, over a million . William Lee . and so justify us in and MayflowerKin.com. He can be Americans opened their copies of declaring whose son he was.”4 reached at [email protected]. Good Housekeeping magazine to an article by Rev. William E. Barton In support of Barton (1861–1930) entitled “Abraham Since 1929, Barton’s claim has been Lincoln Was a Lee.”1 The article accepted and repeated by others as if it referred to Barton as “the foremost were a proven fact. Some go even fur- living authority on Lincoln,” which ther than Barton by identifying which was probably true. Barton claimed son of Richard Lee was the father of that President Abraham Lincoln and Lincoln’s ancestor William Lee. General Robert E. Lee were cousins In her 1977 genealogy, A Weaving, through a common ancestor, Colonel Clara Funai reported that “several Richard Lee. Barton expanded his people in different parts of the United claim later that year in his book The States, who are descended from this Lineage of Lincoln, devoting an entire same William Lee, have written me chapter to the alleged relationship.2 that he is the son of Hancock Lee Barton’s Good Housekeeping article and his wife Mary Kendall Lee, and attempted to show that Lincoln was Hancock Lee is the son of Richard Lee, a descendant of Colonel Lee and his the emigrant. -
Richard Henry Lee Papers 1763-1823 Mss.B.L51
Richard Henry Lee Papers 1763-1823 Mss.B.L51 American Philosophical Society 2003 105 South Fifth Street Philadelphia, PA, 19106 215-440-3400 [email protected] Richard Henry Lee Papers 1763-1823 Mss.B.L51 Table of Contents Summary Information ................................................................................................................................. 3 Background note ......................................................................................................................................... 5 Scope & content ..........................................................................................................................................7 Administrative Information .........................................................................................................................8 Related Materials ........................................................................................................................................ 8 Indexing Terms ........................................................................................................................................... 9 Other Finding Aids ................................................................................................................................... 10 Other Descriptive Information ..................................................................................................................10 Bibliography ..............................................................................................................................................11 -
Lee of Virginia,Excited by the Appearance of a Clumsy Forgery* Which Was Fully Exposed in the Columns of the Nation by Mr.W
ILttot a+ 4*. Reprinted from the New England Historical and Genealogical Register for January, 1890. £v&yv?> ? LEE OF VIRGINIA. Genealogical Notes Proving the Error op the Previously Accepted Pedigree. Communicated by J. Henhy Lea, Cedarhurst, Fairhaven, Mass. years since a lively discussion arose over the genealogy of the SOMEdistinguished family ofLee of Virginia,excited by the appearance of a clumsy forgery* which was fully exposed in the columns of the Nation by Mr.W. H. Wbitmore of Boston. The burden of evidence at that time seemed to point to Richard Lee of Stratford-Langton, inEssex, a suburb of London, the son of Sir Robert Lee, Knt.,of that place, as identical with the Col. Richard Lee who,in1640, emigrated to Virginia and founded there a family which has perhaps given more statesmen and warriors to their new home than any other of—our old colonial progenitors. This evidence, although rather shadowy, being"_jn^fact"nothiDg more than that the emi grant, in his will,called himself late of Stratford-Langton," —was never theless generally accepted, faute de mietcx, by most genealogists, anil, itis believed, by the family themselves, while a recent magazine article by Rev. F. G. Lee inthe Miscellania Genealogica, afterward reprinted inpamphlet form,+ assumed this descent as proven and so constructs the pedigree with out more evidence than he is able to adduce for his own many and frantic attempts to connect himself withthe same noble family4 The writer has, however, inthe course of other investigations on which he has been engaged for some years past in the English Records, fully satisfied himself that this Richard Lee, son of Sir Robert, died in his youth, and that another Richard Lee who was also of Stratford-Langton and Step ney in the firsthalf of the 17th century and distantly, if at all,connected with the Quarrendon Family, was the true ancestor of the Virginia stock. -
States Become a Nation (1760-1800)
Virginia Becomes a State; States Become a Nation (1760-1800) Virginia History Series #7-07 © 2007 People of Virginia The number of people residing in the Virginia Colony increased by over 2 ½ times from 1760-1800. 53 Counties had formed in Virginia by 1760 1760 VA Counties were mostly on the coast (i.e., Tidewater) and inland along rivers like the James, Roanoke, York, Potomac, and Rappahannock (i.e., Piedmont) The “Fall Line” Separates Tidewater & Piedmont Regions in Virginia Tidewater Piedmont Fall Line Virginia Great Falls of the Potomac on the Virginia “Fall Line” Virginia’s Early Land Claims included present- day Kentucky, West Virginia and much of the “Northwest Territories”also claimed by other Colonies/States Virginia ceded its claims on Northwest Territories to the United States in 1783 Land Speculation In the 1760s, Virginian’s gentry-owned companies hoped to make money from land speculation on the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. The Ohio Company Ohio (which started work in 1754 and was River managed by George Mason) and the Land Mississippi Land Company (organized Speculation by Thomas Ludwell Lee, Francis Lightfoot Area Lee, Richard Henry Lee, William Lee, William and Henry Fitzhugh, Thomas Mississippi King Bullitt, and George Washington in 1763) River George’s sought title to millions of acres of Proclamation Western land through grants from King Line of 1763 George III. Instead of supporting land ventures by Virginia’s gentry, King George III hoped to set these lands aside for the Crown or English gentry and made a proclamation forbidding further settlement and speculation in British lands West of the Appalachians by colonial residents. -
The Career of William Lee, 1769-1778
W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 1986 From Commerce to Controversy: The Career of William Lee, 1769-1778 Mary Catherine Ryan College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Ryan, Mary Catherine, "From Commerce to Controversy: The Career of William Lee, 1769-1778" (1986). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539625362. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-ztct-ak85 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FROM COMMERCE TO CONTROVERSY THE CAREER OF WILLIAM LEE, 1769-1778 A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Department of History The College of William and Mary in Virginia In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts Mary Catherine Ryan 1986 APPROVAL SHEET This thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Approved, December 1986 . SelbyJo: James W. Axtell j r n/y uT^rn James P. Whittenber / 11 ABSTRACT This study of William Lee focuses on Lee's career between 1769 and 1778. The major sources for research were Lee's own letters and those of his brothers. William Lee, the brother of Richard Ifenry and Arthur Lee, left Virginia for London in 1768. -
Lee Family Member Faqs
HOME ABOUT FAMILY PAPERS REFERENCES RESOURCES PRESS ROOM Lee Family Member FAQs Richard Lee, the Immigrant The Lee Family Digital Archive is the largest online source for Who was RL? primary source materials concerning the Lee family of Richard Lee was the ancestor of the Lee Family of Virginia, many of whom played prominent roles in the Virginia. It contains published political and military affairs of the colony and state. Known as Richard Lee the Immigrant, his ancestry is not and unpublished items, some known with certainty. Since he became one of Virginia's most prominent tobacco growers and traders he well known to historians, probably was a younger son of a substantial family involved in the mercantile and commercial affairs of others that are rare or have England. Coming to the New World, he could exploit his connections and capital in ways that would have been never before been put online. impossible back in England. We are always looking for new When was RL Born? letters, diaries, and books to add to our website. Do you Richard Lee was born about 1613. have a rare item that you Where was RL Born? would like to donate or share with us? If so, please contact Richard Lee was born in England, but no on knows for sure exactly where. Some think his ancestors came our editor, Colin Woodward, at from Shropshire while others think Worcester. (Indeed, a close friend of Richard Lee said Lee's family lived in (804) 493-1940, about how Shropshire, as did a descendent in the eighteenth century.) Attempts to tie his ancestry to one of the dozen or you can contribute to this so Lee familes in England (spelled variously as Lee, Lea, Leight, or Lega) that appeared around the time of the historic project. -
The Lee Family and Freedom of the Press in Virginia the Free Press Clause in the First Amendment to the U.S
ROGER MELLEN The Lee Family and Freedom of the Press in Virginia The free press clause in the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is considered a unique and important part of our American democracy. While the origins of this right are a key to current legal interpretations, there is much misunderstanding about its genesis. This research uses eighteenth-century personal correspondence, other archival evidence, and published articles to demonstrate new connections between the Lee family of Virginia and the constitutional right to a free press. The important tradition of freedom of the press in the United of Virginia led Madison to pledge proposing a bill of rights if States owes a greater debt to one important family in Virginia than he were elected to Congress.2 When he did join the new House has been previously recognized. When we reflect upon the origins of of Representatives, Madison did as promised and composed the the right to freedom of the press, we tend to remember John Locke, amendments. He had as his template objections voiced to the new John Milton, James Madison, or even Thomas Jefferson. Delving a Constitution by the state ratifying conventions and the bills of bit more deeply, we might even connect to George Mason and the rights passed by many of the states, including the groundbreaking Virginia Declaration of Rights—the first time press freedom was Declaration of Rights of Virginia.3 enshrined within a bill of rights. Looking at British political roots, In the years since the states ratified the First Amendment, we may even link the concept to Sir William Blackstone, Lord many historians and legal theorists have tried to determine Bolingbroke, Cato (John Trenchard and Thomas Gordon), or John its original intent, especially with regards to seditious libel (or Wilkes. -
John Adams, Een Man Met Een Missie
John Adams, een man met een missie Een onderzoek naar John Adams’ sociale en politieke contacten tijdens zijn verblijf in de Republiek (1780-1782) Bachelorscriptie Maarten Smitshoek Onderzoeksseminar III, 2016 SN: 4103610 Docent: dr. D.M.M. Onnekink Samenvatting Adams verbleef in de Republiek vanaf eind juli 1781 tot en met september 1782, middenin een turbulente periode in de geschiedenis. In deze scriptie zal de invloed van zowel de sociale als politieke contacten van John Adams onderzocht worden bij zijn missie diplomatieke erkenning te verkrijgen voor de Verenigde Staten tijdens zijn verblijf in de Republiek. Het onderzoek zal bestaan uit het analyseren van zowel de inhoud als frequentie van Adams’ correspondentie met Nederlandse, Amerikaanse en Franse partijen. Uit het onderzoek zal blijken dat zijn politieke en sociale contacten weinig invloed hadden op zijn zoektocht naar diplomatieke erkenning. Deels was dat een resultaat van Adams’ eigengereide karakter, zijn wantrouwen richting zowel Benjamin Franklin als prominente Franse diplomaten en het feit dat hij was afgezonderd van mogelijke kritische geluiden. Een tweede factor was de frequentie van communicatie met zijn meerderen. Deze was zeer laag en zorgde ervoor dat Adams uit eigen beweging stappen moest ondernemen. Ten slotte was hij ervan overtuigd dat hij snel en doordacht moest handelen omdat het concept van ‘vrijheid’ alsmede het voortbestaan van de Verenigde Staten op het spel stond bij de Amerikaanse onafhankelijkheidsoorlog. Het presenteren van een petitie in mei 1781 aan de Staten-Generaal, dat onder andere de gelijke historische ontwikkeling van de V.S. en de Republiek benadrukte, was het begin van het proces om diplomatieke erkenning te verkrijgen. -
175 Or 235 Years of Austrian-American Relations? Reflections and Repercussions for the Modern Day." Austria and America: 20Th- Century Cross Cultural Encounters
Singerton, Jonathan W. "175 or 235 Years of Austrian-American Relations? Reflections and Repercussions for the Modern Day." Austria and America: 20th- Century Cross Cultural Encounters. Ed. Joshua Parker and Ralph J. Poole. Vienna: LIT Verlag, 2017. 13-30. ISBN 978-3-643-90812-4 (pb). 175 OR 235 YEARS OF AUSTRIAN-AMERICAN RELATIONS? REFLECTIONS AND REPERCUSSIONS FOR THE MODERN DAY 1 JONATHAN W. SINGERTON A feature common to both Austrians and Americans is the love of celebrat ing the past. The year 2015, for example, witnessed the 150th anniversary of the opening of the famous Ringstrasse in Vienna and at the same time marked the sesquicentennial of the American Civil War. 2017 will witness the 300th anniversary of Maria Theresa and the I 00th anniversary of John F. Kennedy. It is no surprise then, that during 2013 the governments of the Republic of Austria and the United States of America seized the oppo1tunity to celebrate the 175th anniversary of diplomatic relations between the two nations. This celebration reflected the beginning of the Austrian-American relationship with the exchange of representatives in 1838. For the occasion the U.S. Embassy in Vienna developed a multimedia exhibition to demon strate the tenacity of the relationship. It was comprised of a series of panels filled with historical memorabilia, a printed booklet, an accompanying video (with the coincidental timing of 17.5 minutes), and even commemorative mugs filled with Tootsie Rolls-the invention, we were reminded, of an Austrian-American. Events were held throughout Austria, from Innsbruck in the West to Klagenfurt in the South.