A Builder’s Guide to Residential Foundation Insulation
Basement Heat Loss Basement Condensation
54% Warm moist late Spring Heat Loss/Lineal Foot/Year 1ft. Basement air humidity and Summer air (conditioned basement) increases as a result humid 16% 2ft. outdoor air and soil Southeast Kansas moisture migration (Parsons) o 60 % 9% 3ft. 67 76,000 Btu Warm air flowing over Deeper soils remain cold from winter, cooling 7% 4ft. cool wall condenses Central Kansas uninsulated basement 50 % (Liberal to Kansas City) moisture producing walls o 5% 5ft. 97,000 Btu damp basement 63 40 % 4% 6ft. Northwest Kansas Water vapor in soil (Goodland) migrates to warmer air 3% 7ft. if damp proofing or 59 o 30 % 111,000 Btu vapor retarder fail 3% 8ft. 20 % 10 % 56 o
Uninsulated Foundations Loose a Lot of Energy Uninsulated Foundations Cause Condensation
Foundation Insulation Uninsulated Basement Annual Energy Costs Savings Wall Condensation 1 60 59 2 F o 58 As little as R-2 insulation 3 57 can essentially eliminate Slab-on-Grade 56 the risk of condensation 1 55 2 54 3 53 52 Crawl Space 51
Climate Zone 1 50 2 49
3 Ground Temperature, 48 Basement 64 66 68 70 72 74 o $0.00 $0.50 $1.00 $1.50 $2.00 $2.50 $3.00 Basement Air Temperature, F $/Lineal Foot/Year 70 % Rh 80 % Rh Minimum R-value Preferred R-value Foundation Insulation Heating Cost Savings Foundations Insulation Cuts Moisture Problems A wide variety of foam boards are well suited to foundation insulation.
A Builder’s Guide to Residential Foundation Insulation
Glass and mineral fiber batts of many configurations can be used Prepared for: on the interior of basement and Kansas Corporation Commission crawl space walls. Blown cellulose between furing Energy Programs strips. SW Arrowhead Road Topeka, Kansas 66604 785-271-3349 Foundation Insulation Jim Ploger, Energy Program Manager
Prepared by: Joseph E. King, AIA Coriolis architecture energy 123 West 8th Street Lawrence, Kansas 66044 Polystyrene foam held in place with duct tape and cap flashing until 785-841-1906 backfill is complete. Gene Meyer, PE Engineering Extension Service Kansas State University Ward Hall Manhattan, Kansas 66506 785-532-4994 Wrapped batts are easily installed Fiberglass batts stapled to furring in crawl spaces. Fall 1999 studs.
Installation Methods Disclaimer: This report was prepared by Coriolis and Kansas State University (KSU) as an account of work sponsored by the Kansas Corporation Commission (KCC). Neither the KCC, Coriolis, nor KSU, nor any person acting on their behalf: a) P makes any warranty, express or implied, with respect to the use of any information, apparatus, method, or process disclosed in this report or that such use may not infringe privately owned rights; or b) assumes any liabilities with respect to the use of, or damages resulting from the use of, any information, apparatus, method, or process disclosed in this report or its appendices. Prepainted sheet metal roll stock C matches siding, serves as termite This material was prepared with the support of the U. S. Department of Energy shield, and protects exterior foam (DOE) Grant No. DE-FG48-97R802102. However, any opinions, findings, from damage. conclusions, or recommendations expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of DOE. Acknowlegements: We greatly appreciate the support and encouragement of Jim Ploger, Director of Energy Programs at the Kansas Corporation Commission, and Steve Palomo of the U. S. Department of Energy’s Denver Regional Office. Cement board nailed to plate protects exterior foam from damage.
Stucco over rigid foam board.
Insulation Protection Residential Foundation Insulation The Purpose of a Building’s A team of building scientists at Oak < concrete foundation walls enclosing Foundation Ridge National Laboratory conducted a basements must be dampproofed with a comprehensive investigation of the bituminous material from the footing to Vitruvius set forth building design grade, impact of residential foundation guidelines in 1st century B.C. Greece, insulation practices. In The Building < masonry foundation walls enclosing stating that “Durability will be assured Foundation Design Handbook that basements must be parged with portland when foundations are carried down to cement prior to dampproofing, resulted, they concluded, “an the solid ground and materials wisely uninsulated basement may represent up < foundation walls of habitable rooms and liberally selected...,” a concept that below grade must be waterproofed, to 50% of the heat loss in a remains just as valid as we enter the 21st tightly-sealed house that is well < exterior foundation insulation must be century. insulated above grade.” protected from weathering, sunlight, and Foundations connect a building to the physical abuse, ground structurally, transferring the Kansas Residential Energy < all foam plastic exposed to the interior weight of the building to stable soil. A Disclosure and the Model must have a maximum flame spread rating of 75 and a maximum smoke- properly designed and constructed Energy Code developed rating of 450 (ASTM E-84) foundation insures a building endures The Energy Policy Act of 1992 strongly and shall be covered with a ½” gypsum seasonal changes in temperature and encouraged states to upgrade their wall board or equivalent thermal barrier. moisture with little movement. residential building energy standards to These requirements and all other health Foundations also connect a building to require efficiency levels at least equal to and safety requirements of codes the ground thermally. the Model Energy Code. In response, adopted by local jurisdictions prevail < The common statement that “soil the 1997 Kansas legislature required all over the MEC and any suggestions in temperatures are constant and therefore new homes have a disclosure form this guide. below grade insulation is of little value” itemizing their energy performance is not correct. features, or stating the home complies Benefits of Foundation < Unless geothermal heat is present, the with the Model Energy Code (MEC). Insulation heat that comes from deep in the earth is Compliance with MEC provides a insignificant compared to the flow of Insulating a home’s foundation offers solar energy at the junction of the air and home buyer with assurance that the many benefits. the ground. home has an integrated set of energy < Foundation heat loss can be reduced features meeting significantly and space heating costs can minimum stand- be reduced as much as 50% in an ards, and it almost otherwise well insulated home. always requires < Insulation improves foundation moisture foundation insula- control and indoor air quality. Insulation tion. This guide is on either side of the wall results in a intended to provide warmer interior surface, reducing the home builders and potential for condensation and associated mold growth that reduces indoor air home buyers with quality and can cause material damage. concise information < The warmer surface also results in a more on available foun- comfortable space, not only in the dation insulation basement, but also the floor above. materials, installa- < Exterior insulation provides protection tion details and for dampproofing or waterproofing, methods, installa- extending their life. tion costs, and These benefits are evaluated in detail in Soil Temperature Change with Depth and Season benefits. the following sections. Foundation Foundation Heat Loss < While the earth is often thought of as a Building Code Requirements stable temperature mass, soil Soil can hold a great deal of thermal temperatures at depths less than eight Several requirements of the widely energy, particularly if damp, but it is not feet vary considerably during the year. adopted CABO One and Two Family The graph above shows how soil a good insulator. Depending on soil temperature varies with depth and season Dwelling Code affect foundation type,7-11feet of soil would be from both ground water and mean air insulation: required to provide the same insulation temperature which ranges from 56o in < drains are required around all concrete as two inches of foam or three inches of o northwest Kansas to 62 in the southeast. and masonry foundations enclosing fiberglass insulation. Uninsulated habitable or usable space below grade, 1 Residential Foundation Insulation basement walls loose the most heat below shows three widely recognized such as windows, walls, or attic where exposed to winter air above Kansas climate zones. insulation, to offset lower performance grade and at shallow depths where the The table below shows typical net in another area, such as foundation ground is annual heat loss, in Btu per lineal foot of insulation. often frozen. foundation, for the three major founda- MEC Minimum R-Value Floors above tion types in the three climate zones. crawl spaces Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 can be Kansas Climate Zone Full 10 10 8 insulated but 123Basment are often not Full Crawl 16 16 10 to prevent Basment 111,000 97,000 76,000 Space pipes in the Basement Heat Loss Crawl Slab-on- 5 5 5 crawl space 47,000 41,000 32,000 from freezing. Heat passing from the Space Grade (min. 4 ft) (min. 2 ft) (min. 2 ft) floor into the crawl space is lost through Slab-on- 60,000 52,000 40,000 Foundation Insulation R-values the foundation wall similar to base- Grade ments. (MEC prescriptive minimum) Annual Foundation Heat Loss For a more detailed evaluation of such Slab-on- (Btu per lineal foot per year) grade floors trade-offs investigate the MECcheckä wick con- Potential Cost Savings software developed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory for the siderable While foundation insulation has many heat to the U. S. Department of Energy. This easy benefits, the principal criteria for to use software is available from the exposed determining how much should be slab edge Kansas State University Engineering installed is the economic value of Extension Service (785-532-4994) or it often result- energy savings. Foundation insulation ing in a cold can be downloaded from may actually slightly increase cooling
2 Residential Foundation Insulation above or you use electric-resistance Causes and solutions for each of these the outside and in some cases both sides heat. potential sources of moisture problems of the footing are required to remove are reviewed in the following sections. high ground water. If site conditions do Kansas Climate Zone not permit sloping the drain to 123Surface and Ground Water “daylight” an electrically powered Surface water problems are caused by sump pump is required. Since storms High Energy Costs inadequate slope away from the producing high water are sometimes Full $256 $197 $160 foundation accompanied by power outages, many Basement or poor elect to install a battery back-up. control of Crawl $107 $92 $70 On persist- Space roof enly wet Slab-on- drainage. Surface water sites, moves along Rising ground $134 $117 $92 Water water exerts Grade wall to gap. where adjacent to ground hydrostatic Medium Energy Costs pressure on the foun- water is floors and walls Full dation Hydrostatic penetrating any $182 $140 $107 pressure know to opening. Basement seeps increases with rise to or through depth. above floor Crawl $75 $63 $48 Space pervious level, or backfill Slab-on- where hab- Grade $95 $83 $65 until it itable finds a spaces are Surface Water Entry Low Energy Costs crack, cold below Full joint, or grade, the Basement $126 $92 $68 utility penetration through which it basement Ground Water Entry enters. Incorporating overhangs in the Crawl wall must Space $51 $43 $32 building design installing gutters and be waterproofed. Many effective water proofing products are available, in- Slab-on- Gutter carries Grade $66 $58 $46 away rain water. cluding liquid and sheet membranes, Overhang diverts cementious coatings, built-up tar and rain from side of Foundation Insulation Annual building. felt, and bentonite clay. Some liquid Energy Cost Savings Impermeable membranes and adheshives used with backfill cap (1700 square foot house with 170 lineal ft. perimeter) diverts water other systems chemically dissolve foam Foundation Moisture Control from house. insulation. In selecting a water proofing Downspout system make certain all components are Most new homes in Kansas have carries water compatible with any exterior foam basements. Home buyers expect them away from house. foundation insulation that will be to provide useful space, first for storage Minimum 5% slope away from installed. but eventually as finished space. house. Nothing detracts more from this Capillary Moisture Migration expectation than a damp musty Soil without free flowing water may smelling basement. still contain considerable moisure. The Aside from broken pipes and flooding, wicking of ground moisture through basements get damp in four ways: materials with small pore size, often < free flowing surface or ground water Surface Water Control called capillary movement, can be a entering through cracks or openings in significant source of moisture the basement wall or floor, downspouts, capping backfill with penetration. To break the capillary impervious clay, and providing proper < soil moisture wicking through the action between a basement wall and soil basement wall by capillary action, drainage away from the house can pro- the outside surface of the wall must be vide effective control of surface water. < water vapor migration from cool damp completely covered with damp- soil to a warmer basement, or When ground water rises above the proofing. Dampproofing fills the poors < condensation of water vapor on cold house floor it exerts hydrostatic in the concrent to prevent wicking. basement walls. pressure on the floor and wall; Waterproofing also provides damp- penetrating any opening. Drain tiles on proofing, but where a basement wall
3 Residential Foundation Insulation
circumstances, move in either direction. begin to thrive. Tighter more energy Diffusion retarders, materials with a efficient homes often experience higher perm rating of 1.0 or less, are installed relative humidity. There are many on the exterior of below grade concrete sources of moisture in a house, but to reduce the inward movement of moisture problems in upper floors can Unprotected concrete water vapor from the soil into the be aggrevated by excessive moisture in walls, footings and floors act like building. Dampproofing and basements and crawl spaces. Mositure sponges, allowing waterproofing are effective diffusion can diffuse through the floor system, capillary suction to draw moisture from retarders on walls. Polyethylene vapor moist air can flow through cracks and damp soil into the barriers are placed below floors on top stairs to replace air drawn out of the building. of the gravel bed and can also be used house by wind or stack pressure, or on exterior walls. basement air can be distributed by a forced air heating sytem that Moisture Condensation on intentionally or accidentally draws the Inside of Foundation return air from the basement. Walls Controlling basement and crawl space moisture can reduce the risk of indoor Capillary Movement of Ground Moisture Shallow soil temperatures rise gradually in the Spring, but at a depth of air quality problems. five feet the temperature typically Improved Comfort does not require waterproofing, remains around 50-60o F through dampproofing must be applied. In mid-June. An uninsulated Insulating basement walls raises the surface temperature of the wall and the Impermeable basement wall will have an backfill inside surface temperature floor above. Insulating crawl space close to ground temperature walls or the floor above increases the Free-draing backfill and will condense moisture floor temperature of the space above. from 72o F air with a relative Insulating slab-on-grade foundations Waterproofing humidity of 45 - 65%. increasing the slab floor temperature. In all three cases foundation insulation Perforated drain tile, Insulating the wall shifts the on outside or both thermal profile, raising the improves the comfort of the habitable sides of footing, in inside surface temperature space. bed of gravel free of fines wrapped in much closer to the indoor air Other Benefits filter fabric. Slope to temperature, greatly reducing daylight or sump. < Foundation insulation installed during the risk of condensation. original construction is usually more easily installed properly and less Improved Indoor Air expensive than when retrofitted. Quality Drain Tiles and Water Proofing < Foundation inulation can often result in smaller and therefore less expensive addition to waterproofing, approved heating equipment. dampproofing materials include spray < Foundation insulation makes a basement or roller applied bituminous and acrylic Moist Spring air more attractive for future owner modified cement based coatings. covects conversion to finished space. Capillary moisture entry through the Cold across cool < Reduction in fossil fuel use and floor is prevented by using a gravel spring concrete associated green house gas emissions has soil wall and base. The pore size between stones (3/4 condenses long term benefits for everyone. inch stones with fines omitted) is too water. large to permit capillary suction. Insulation Material Properties Vapor Diffusion Moisture Insulating performance is measured in Movement 2 o R-values with units of hr · ft · F / Btu. Water vapor will move from high vapor Condensation on Cool Basement Walls R-values of multiple layers can be pressure to low vapor pressure. Above added. The inverse of the R-value (1/R) grade this usually means water vapor Moisture is not a pollutant, but as is the U-value, the coefficient of overall moves from the warm (winter) interior relative humidity in a home rises above thermal transmission, with units of Btu / 2 o to the cold exterior. Below grade water 60% mold, mildew, and dust mites hr · ft · F. U-values can not be added. vapor can, depending on the An uninsulated concrete foundation
4 Reidential Foundation Insulation wall has an overall R-value of about 1.1 resulting in a damp and often moldy benefits far outweigh the environmental and a U-value of 0.9. For each degree smelling basement even though no impact of manufacturing and installing of temperature difference between the water leakage has occured. Exterior the insulation. In selecting which inside and outside, each square foot of foundation insulation generally raises product(s) to use however, you should wall will transmit .9 Btu each hour from the wall temperature above dew point consider a variety of environmental the warm side to the cold side (U-value preventing condensation. Interior impacts resulting from their production. x Area x Temperature difference = Heat foundation insulation actually causes Check product labels and brochures flow). If insulation with an R-value of the foundation wall surface temperature regarding the topics listed below. two is added to the wall, the total to drop, increasing the risk of Embodied energy is the energy R-Value becomes 3.1, the U-value .32 condensation. A vapor barrier is 2 o contained in the material and consumed Btu/hr· ft · F, and the heat flow .32 required on the inside surface of the in its manufacture, delivery, and Btu per hour, a 65% reduction. If the insulation. installation. Materials with lower insulation is increased to R-6 the Early installation of the vapor barrier embodied energy are preferred. U-value and heat flow becomes .14, an can create other moisture problems. 84% reduction. The first Rs have the Ozone depletion, the destruction of the The new concrete contains a great deal earth’s protective stratospheric ozone most impact. Sound detailing and of water. Because the exterior is proper installation are essential for layer, is caused by gases that were until dampproofed or waterproofed and in recently widey used to blow the bubbles achieving real performance. Gaps and contact with soil most of the excess thermal bridges of conductive material that make foams effective insulators. moisture must esacpe to the inside as Manufacturers have shifted to other can significantly reduce the effective the concrete cures. Early installation of R-value. gases with lower ozone depletion a vapor barrier can trap water vapor potential, including HCFs and HCFCs. Strength, beyond the ability to remain allowing it to condense inside the wall intact, matters little for batt insulation. or within the insulation. Delay Global warming potential (GWP) For board insulation below grade on an installing interior foundation insulation refers to the impact carbon dioxide and exterior wall or beneath a slab, until late in the construction process to other gases have on increasing global compressive strength must be allow the concrete to cure. When the temperatures. Carbon dioxide has a considered. insulation will be left exposed consider global warming potential of 1. CFC 12, use of a vapor barrier with small a common foam blowing agent ten Water Absorption is the amount of years ago, has a GWP of 7,100. The water absorbed by an insulating perferations, such as Certainteed’s basment wall insulation. gases now used have GWPs ranging material as a percent of total volume from 1 - 1,300. Ironically the lowest is when fully immersed for 24 hours. Flame spread and smoke carbon dioxide, but it’s use reduces Water absorption reduces effective development ratings of combustible insulation performance by about 1/6. R-value and materials with higher building materials are based on the absorption should not be used in ASTM E84 test. Values for foam Recycled content is a widely locations where they will likely insulation may not exceed 75 and 450 recognized environmental feature of encounter water. respectively. Unless specifically building insulation. Most cellulose and approved otherwise by the building mineral wool insulation are Permeability is the ability of water manufactured from recycled material. vapor to pass through a material in code official, all foams must be covered with ½ inch of gypsum wall board or Fiberglass and foam insulation response to differing vapor pressure on manufacturers are increasing the opposite sides. When water vapor other approved thermal barrier, regardless of location. amount of recycled material they use. A moves through a material and reaches a list of insulation manufacturers using temperature below its dew point, Surface protection is required for all recycled materials is available from the condensation will occur. Water in exterior insulation above grade. All U.S. Environmental Protection Agency sufficient quantity will cause insulation types must be shielded from structural (EPA) at: performance to deteriorate and material damage and foams must be protected damage may occur. Materials with a from degradation from the ultraviolet
5 Residential Foundation Insulation or outside of the wall while others are Advantages Disadvantages only suitable for interior use. < Highest R-value of any foam. Available < Like batts, sprayed insulations can be with foil face which can serve as vapor quickly saturated and difficult to dry if Boards barrier and can provide increased significant moisture penetration occurs. Board insulation materials commonly R-value when installed with dead air < Again, like batts, furring required for used for foundation insulation include space. installation and needs protection in high extruded polystyrene (XPS), expanded < One product, Celotex’s Thermax, can be traffic areas. polystyrene (EPS), polyisocyanurate, installed without a thermal barrier when < Special installation equipment required. fiberglass, and rockwool. approved by the local code official. Polystyrenes Disadvantages Termites Extruded Polystyrene (XPS) < Generally higher in cost than other foams Subterranean termites live in large and initially very high R-values declines colonies 15-20 feet underground. They XPS is manufactured from polystyrene a bit with age. resin and a gas blowing agent in a live entirely on plant matter, ranging continuous extrusion process producing < Low compressive strength. widely through a system of tunnels in a homogeneous cellular structure. Batts search of food. They enter buildings through wood in contact with the Advantages Batt insulation materials include ground, cracks in foundation walls or fiberglass and rockwool. Fiberglass in < High R-value per inch, high compressive slabs, the dry joint between the footing made from sand and recycled glass strengh, low moisture absorption, low and foundation wall, utility perm rating. cullet. Mineral wool is made from iron penetrations, and through and behind ore blast furnace slag and natural rocks. < Widely available in various sizes and foundation insulation. Wood structures Batts can be unfaced, kraft paper faced, thicknesses and easily installed. attacked by termites can sustain foil faced, or poly wrapped. In addition Disadvantages extensive and costly damage. While to the many sizes commonly installed in < Requires UV and structural protection foundation insulation is not a food above grade frame walls, specialty batts above grade when applied on the exterior source and does not increase the are available for interior basement walls and thermal protection when installed on likelyhood that a particular building the interior. and crawl space walls. will be attacked, it may make detection < Chemically attacked by some adhesives, Advantages and treatment more difficult. dampproofing and waterproofing < Inexpensive and widely available in Insecticides like chlordane were once compounds. many sizes, thicknesses, and facings. widely used to control termites. They Expanded Polystyrene Disadvantages were effective, persisting in the soil for EPS differs from XPS in that it is < Batt insulation can be saturated and many years, providing long term difficult to dry if moisture penetration protection, but when it was discovered produced from styrene beads placed in a occurs. mold and expanded under heat and they were carcinogenic they were pressure with a foaming agent. < Furring required for installation and replaced by other insecticides. While easily damaged in high traffic areas if not effective in controling termites, todays Advantages protected by drywall or paneling. termiticides dissipate with time < The least expensive foam board, Blown requiring retreatment. Borates are also available in a wide range of densitites, sizes and thicknesses. Nonload bearing 2x4or2x3stud used to discourage termites. walls can be erected directly adjacent to < Available with borate additives to reduce Termites are small and persistent, termite risk. or set back from the basement wall capable of squeezing through tiny creating a cavity for foundation Disadvantages cracks. The best strategy is to avoid insulation. While batts are typically inititial infestation entirely using one or < Somewhat lower R-value than other placed in the stud cavity, blown more of the following defenses: foams and more easily damaged, cellulose, glass fiber, or mineral wool particularly if used on the exterior. < Avoid attracting them. During insulation can be used. Cellulose is construction keep all wood, including < Higher permeability and water typically manufactured from waste absportance than other foams. framing scraps, sawdust, paper, and tree paper with fiber and insect retardent roots and trimming out of the ground for < Like all foams, requires exterior chemicals. A netting may be installed as far back from the house as feasible. protection above grade and thermal over furring to hold insulation in place. protection when used on the interior. < Keep all wood at least six inches above Advantages grade and use only termite resistant or Polyisocyanurate treated wood in contact with the Polyisocyanurates are manufactured < Inexpensive, compeletely fills cavity. foundation. Do not use wood mulch from a plastic resin and a foaming agent near the house. and can have fiberglass or foil facing.
6 Residential Foudation Insulation
< Install a continuous metal termite shield Estimated Foundation Insulation Cost per Lineal Foot with soldered or sealed lap joints. Actual project costs are region and project specific. Variation from the values below should be expected. Termites can tunnel around it, but they Height Thick- can then be detected and treated. Foundation/Material Material Exterior Interior (depth) ness R-value < Consider pretreating all wood framing within four feet of the ground with Basements - Foam Boards borates. Extruded Polystyrene (XPS) 8 ft. ½ in. 2.5 $7.60 $12.50 < Consider installing termite bait systems (Blue, pink, yellow, green) 8 ft. 1 in. 5 $8.80 $13.60 marketed 8 ft. 1-1/2 in. 7.5 $10.70 $15.60 by pro- 8 ft. 2 in. 10 $12.70 $17.60 Metal fessional shield Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) 8 ft. 1 in. 3.8 $7.80 $12.70 pest treat- Mastic (White beadboard) 8 ft. 1-1/2 in. 5.6 $9.10 $13.90 ment com- UV Shield panies. 8 ft. 2 in. 7.7 $10.30 $15.20 Insulation They Water- Polyisocyanurate 8 ft. ¾ in. 5.4 $8.50 $13.40 proofing permit (If foil faced and furring is 8 ft. 1 in. 7.2 $9.00 $13.80 detection on top to create a dead air space 8 ft. 1- ½ in. 10.8 $9.50 $14.40 of termite presence increasse the R value by 2.8) 8 ft. 2 in. 14.4 $10.70 $15.60 Exterior cost includes metal flashing protection, reduce $0.40 for cement board, increase $1.70 for stucco. and the use Termite Shield of highly Interior cost includes furring and ½ in. drywall. Reduce cost $7.00 if omitted (requires code approval) effective targeted insecticides. Glass Fiberboard 8 ft. 1 in. 4.3 $9.00 $13.80 < Consider installing sand barriers. While 8 ft. 1-1/2 in. 6.5 $12.20 $17.10 still experimental and more expensive Basements - Batts than conventional treatment, sand Std densifty, 48 in. or 72 in. 8 ft. 3- 1/8 in. 11 n.a. $4.20 barriers provide a non-chemical method Std density, 23 in. 8 ft. 3-1/2 in. 11 n.a. $11.60 of protection. Sand that just passes High density, 23 in. 8 ft. 3-1/2 in. 15 n.a. $12.10 through a 16 grit wire screen takes subtle advantage of the termites anatomy. The Mineral wool (kraft faced) 8 ft. 3-1/2 in. 12 n.a. $12.00 gaps within the sand are too small for Cost includes furring and faced batt or vapor barrier. Add $5.30 for drywall. them to crawl through, Crawl Spaces - Foam Boards 3mm but their jaws do not Extruded Polystyrene (XPS) 4 ft. 1 in. 5 $10.30 $4.90 open wide enough for 1mm them to pick them up (Blue, pink, yellow, green) 4 ft. 2 in. 10 $12.10 $6.80 and move them. Sand Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) 4 ft. 1 in. 3.8 $9.80 $4.50 barriers can be placed (White beadboard) 4 ft. 2 in. 7.7 $10.90 $5.60 around a foundation Polyisocyanurate 4 ft. 1 in. 7.2 $10.40 $5.00 wall at grade and (See note above on foil facing) 4 ft. 2 in 14.4 $11.10 $5.70 around potential entry points in slabs. Exterior includes 2 feet of stucco, interior includes 3 feet of furring and drywall thermal protection. Crawl Space Batts < Consider pretreating the soil with EPA Perimeter installation (wrapped batts) 8-3/4 in. 25 n.a. $3.50 approved termiti- Floor installation Sq. ft. 3-1/2 in. 11 n.a. $0.60 cides. Termite Size (Includes wire retainers, turn Sq. ft. 6 in. 19 n.a. $0.74 < Have the house facing up) Sq. ft. 8-1/2 in. 30 n.a. $1.08 inspected Heat Loss at Slab-on-Grade - Foam Boards (protection same as for basements above) annually. Inspection Gap Extruded Polystyrene (XPS) 2 ft. 1 in. 5 $3.60 $1.20 < Avoid heat (Blue, pink, yellow, green) 4 ft. 1 in. 5 $4.60 $2.20 loosing 2 ft. 2 in. 10 $4.50 $2.20 inspection strips. 4 ft. 2 in. 10 $6.40 $4.10 Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) 2 ft. 1 in. 3.8 $3.30 $1.00 (White beadboard) 4 ft. 1 in. 3.8 $4.10 $1.80 2 ft. 2 in. 7.7 $3.90 $1.60 4 ft. 2 in. 7.7 $5.20 $2.90 Polyisocyanurate 2 ft. 1 in. 7.2 $3.60 $1.30 4 ft. 1 in. 7.2 $4.70 $2.30 2 ft. 2 in. 14.4 $4.00 $1.70 Inspection Gap 4 ft. 2 in. 14.4 $5.40 $3.00 Exterior cost includes metal flashing protection, reduce cost $0.40 for cement board, increase cost $1.70 for stucco. 7 Residential Foundation Insulation
Foundation Insulation Cost Foundation Insulation the table is not comprehensive. Consult The table above provides estimated Properties each individual manufacture’s technical product data sheets, many of which are foundation insulation installed cost per The table below provides basic physical available on the web, for current lineal foot of perimeter. Costs shown properties of commonly used information. include materials, labor, and contractor residential foundation insulation overhead and profit. Actual costs are materials. A very wide range of project specific and significant insulation products are available and variation should be expected.
Foundation Insulation Material Properties Resistance Size Thickness Density Strength Water Fire
3 Absorp- Flame Smoke (R per in.) (w x l) (inches) (lb/ft ) Compress Vapor tion Spread Development Material (Inches) (lb/in2 ) (%) (Perm) E84 E84 Boards Plastic Foams Polystyrenes Type VIII (EPS) 3.8 24, 48, x 96 1 - 40 1.15 13 3.0 3.5 10 125 Type II (EPS) 4.0 1 - 40 1.35 15 3.0 3.5 10 125 16, 24, 48, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, Type X (XPS) 4.2 1.30 15 0.3 1.1 5 165 x96 3, 3.5 16, 24, 48, x .75, 1, 1.5, 2, Type IV (XPS) 5.0 96 2.5, 1.60 25 0.3 1.1 5 165 48 x 108 3, 3.5, 4 24, 48, Type IX (EPS) 4.2 1 - 40 1.80 25 2.0 2.0 10 125 x96 1.5, 2, 2.5, Type VI (XPS) 5.0 24 x 96 1.80 40 0.3 1.1 10 125 3, 3.5, 4 Type VII (XPS) 5.0 24, 48,x 96 2.20 60 0.3 1.1 10 125 Type V (XPS) 5.0 24, 48,x 96 3.00 100 0.3 1.1 10 125 Polyisocyanurate 48x96 .75, 1, 1.5, 2, Fiberglass faced 5.8 1.5 - 2.5 20 2.0 4.0 25 45 48 x 108 2.5, 3, 3.5 16, 24,48 x 96, .75, 1, 1.5, 2, 65 Foil faced 7.0 1.5 20 <1.0 <1.0 20 108, 120 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4 (1 in) (Add if foil faces dead air space) 2.8 Glass Fiber 3.9 1.4 - 1.6 0.3 - 2.4 high high 36x48 Rockwool 4.2 1 11 - 13 25 .25 high 48x72 Batts 16, 24 x 48, 93 3.5, 5.5, 6.25 1 Kraft Glass Fiber (std density) 3.2 minimal 25 50 48x50ft 8.5 (+others) .5 foil 3.5, 5.5,6.25, Glass Fiber (high density) 3.8 16, 24 x 48, 93 minimal 8.5 Rock Wool minimal Blown Glass Fiber (BIB) 4.0 To fit To fit 1.8-2.3 minimal 5 5 Rock Wool 2.8 To fit To fit minimal Cellulose 4.0 To fit To fit 1.6 minimal
8 Residential Foundation Insulation
EXTERIOR SIDING CAVITY INSULATION CAVITY INSULATION EXTERIOR SIDING DRAINAGE PLANE GYPSUM WALLBOARD GYPSUM WALLBOARD WITH LOW PERM PAINT DRAINAGE PLANE WITH LOW PERM PAINT RIGID INSULATING OR POLYETHYLENE OR POLYETHYLENE SHEATHING VAPOR BARRIER BEHIND RIGID INSULATING VAPOR BARRIER BEHIND SHEATHING CANTILEVER FLOOR SEALANT PLATFORM TO ALIGN SET FLOOR SEALANT SHEATHING AND PLATFORM BACK TO BASEMENT INSULATION ALIGN SHEATHING UNFACED BATT INSULATION AND BASEMENT WALL UNFACED BATT INSULATION PROTECT INSULATION TO 6" BELOW GRADE W/ WOOD JOIST PROTECT INSULATION WOOD JOIST METAL, CEMENT BOARD, TO 6" BELOW GRADE W/ OR "STUCCO" METAL, CEMENT BOARD, SILL SEALER OR "STUCCO" SILL SEALER SLOPE GROUND 5% TERMITE SHIELD TERMITE SHIELD SLOPE GROUND 5% AWAY FROM WALL CONCRETE AWAY FROM WALL FURRING, IN OR ON FOUNDATION TOP SOIL TOP SOIL TOP OF INSULATION WALL CONCRETE RIGID FOAM FOUNDATION WALL INSULATION RIGID FOAM DAMPPROOFING INSULATION (WATERPROOFING IF DAMPPROOFING HABITABLE SPACE) (WATERPROOFING IF HABITABLE SPACE) LOW PERMEABILITY LOW PERMEABILITY BACKFILL (CLAY) BACKFILL (CLAY) DRYWALL SEALANT OVER SEALANT OVER PERMEABLE SOIL JOINT FILLER PERMEABLE SOIL JOINT FILLER (WOOD FREE) CONCRETE SLAB (WOOD FREE) CONCRETE SLAB FABRIC FABRIC FILTER FILTER
COARSE CLEAN COARSE GRAVEL CLEAN POLYETHYLENE GRAVEL POLYETHYLENE VAPOR BARRIER 4 IN. PERFORATED GRAVEL BASE VAPOR RETARDER 4 IN. PERFORATED DRAIN PIPE GRAVEL BASE DRAIN PIPE CONCRETE FOOTING UNDISTURBED SOIL CONCRETE FOOTING UNDISTURBED SOIL CAPILLARY BREAK CAPILLARY BREAK Exterior basement wall insulation is typically one to two inches of Interior basement walls can be insulated with the same boards foamboard although fiberglass and rockwool boards are used. used on the exterior. Boards can be glued to the wall, but Insulation exposed above grade requires protection. A metal foamboards required thermal protection. A vapor barrier should termite shield reduces the risk termites will use the insulation for be formed on the warm side and a metal termite shield is undetected entry. recommended. Exterior Foam Basement Wall Insulation Interior Foam Basement Wall Insulation
Total Installed Cost Recommended Total Installed Cost Recommended ($/lineal foot for R-Value shown) Minimum Basement ($/lineal foot for R-Value shown) Minimum Basement $7.50 $12.50 $17.50 Wall R-Value $7.50 $15.00 $22.50 Wall R-Value 11 4 11 4 3 3 15 15 7 7 21 21 10 10 3 3 10 3 10 3 N.A N.A . . 1=board 1=board
Suitability Energy Cost Savings Suitability Energy Cost Savings Poor Good Best ($/lineal foot/year) Poor Good Best ($/lineal foot/year) (R-Values Recommended Above) (R-Values Recommended Above)
N.A.
9 Residential Foundation Insulation
CAVITY INSULATION EXTERIOR SIDING GYPSUM WALLBOARD CAVITY INSULATION DRAINAGE PLANE WITH LOW PERM PAINT EXTERIOR SIDING GYPSUM WALLBOARD OR POLYETHYLENE WITH LOW PERM PAINT DRAINAGE PLANE RIGID INSULATING VAPOR BARRIER BEHIND OR POLYETHYLENE SHEATHING VAPOR BARRIER BEHIND SEALANT RIGID INSULATING SHEATHING SEALANT SET FLOOR SET FLOOR PLATFORM BACK TO UNFACED BATT INSULATION PLATFORM BACK TO ALIGN SHEATHING ALIGH SHEATHING UNFACED BATT INSULATION AND BASEMENT WALL AND BASEMENT WOOD JOIST WALL WOOD JOIST
SILL SEALER SILL SEALER SLOPE GROUND 5% AIR SPACE OR FOAM INSULATION AWAY FROM WALL SLOPE GROUND 5% FACED BATT 2x4or3STUD AWAY FROM WALL TOP SOIL WALL INSULATION TOP SOIL CONCRETE CONCRETE FOUNDATION WALL STEM WALL BATT INSULATION POLYETHYLENE DAMPPROOFING VAPOR RETARDER (WATERPROOFING IF HABITABLE SPACE) LOW PERMEABILITY LOW PERMEABILITY BACKFILL (CLAY) DRYWALL OPTIONAL BACKFILL (CLAY) SEALANT OVER DAMPPROOFING PERMEABLE SOIL JOINT FILLER (WOOD FREE) CONCRETE SLAB PERMEABLE SOIL (WOOD FREE) FABRIC FABRIC FILTER FILTER
COARSE COARSE CLEAN CLEAN GRAVEL GRAVEL POLYETHYLENE VAPOR RETARDER 4 IN. PERFORATED 4 IN. PERFORATED GRAVEL BASE DRAIN PIPE DRAIN PIPE CONCRETE FOOTING CONCRETE FOOTING UNDISTURBED SOIL CAPILLARY BREAK UNDISTURBED SOIL CAPILLARY BREAK Interior basement walls can also be insulated with batt or blown Crawl spaces can be insulated with board insulation on the insulation placed between furring strips or non-bearing stud walls. exterior or interior just like a basement wall. Alternatives are to The bottom plate should be treated and an effective vapor retarder insulate the floor joist cavities with batts or blown insulation or to placed on the inside surface. Particular care should be taken to insulate the interior of the foundation wall with poly wrapped avoid surface or ground water penetration. batts. Make sure to install a well sealed vapor barrier on the floor. Interior Batt or Blown Basement Insulation Interior Crawlspace Insulation
Total Installed Cost Recommended Total Installed Cost Recommended ($/lineal foot for R-Value shown) Minimum Basement ($/lineal foot for R-Value shown) Minimum Crawl Space $0 $10 $20 Wall R-Value $0.00 $5.00 $10.00 Wall R-Value N.A. 4 11 N.A. 5 15 N.A. 7 21 11 15 25 12 11 19 13 N.A. . . 1 = R-11 poly faced, R-15 Kraft faced w/ drywall 1=batt
Suitability Energy Cost Savings Suitability Energy Cost Savings Poor Good Best ($/lineal foot/year) Poor Good Best ($/lineal foot/year) N. A. (R-Values Recommended Above) (R-Values Recommended Above) N. A. N. A.
N. A.
10 Residential Foundation Insulation
EXTERIOR SIDING CAVITY INSULATION EXTERIOR SIDING CAVITY INSULATION DRAINAGE PLANE IN 2 x4 OR 2 x 6 WALL DRAINAGE PLANE IN 2 x4 OR 2 x 6 WALL
RIGID INSULATING GYPSUM WALLBOARD RIGID INSULATING GYPSUM WALLBOARD SHEATHING WITH LOW PERM PAINT SHEATHING WITH LOW PERM PAINT OR POLYETHYLENE OR POLYETHYLENE VAPOR BARRIER BEHIND VAPOR BARRIER BEHIND CANTILEVER PLATE TO COVER SILL SEALER OVER INSULATION SILL SEALER OVER TERMITE SHIELD TERMITE SHIELD PROTECT INSULATION SET BACK PLATE SEALANT OVER RIGID FOAM TO 6" BELOW GRADE W/ TO ALIGN INSULATION JOINT FILLER INSULATION METAL, CEMENT BOARD, WITH FOUNDATION OR "STUCCO" CONCRETE SLAB CONCRETE SLAB SLOPE GROUND 5% SLOPE GROUND 5% AWAY FROM WALL AWAY FROM WALL TOP SOIL TOP SOIL POLYETHYLENE POLYETHYLENE VAPOR RETARDER VAPOR RETARDER GRAVEL BASE GRAVEL BASE CONCRETE CONCRETE FOUNDATION FOUNDATION WALL WALL LOW PERMEABILITY LOW PERMEABILITY BACKFILL (CLAY) BACKFILL (CLAY)
RIGID FOAM INSULATION
UNDISTURBED SOIL CONCRETE FOOTING UNDISTURBED SOIL CONCRETE FOOTING
Foam boards are the most common form of exterior slab-on-grade Interior slab-on-grade insulation can be horizontal. Interior insulation. The above grade portion must have UV and structural placement avoids the need for protection, but may require cutting protection and a metal termite shield is recommended. small pieces and more difficult details. Foundations in climate zone 1 in the colder northwest should be insulated to a depth of four feet. Exterior Slab-on-Grade Insulation Interior Slab-on-Grade Insulation
Total Installed Cost Recommended Total Installed Cost Recommended ($/lineal foot for R-Value shown) Minimum Slab ($/lineal foot for R-Value shown) Minimum Slab $0 $5 $10 Perimeter R-Value $0 $5 $10 Perimeter R-Value 4 11 4 11 5 15 5 15 7 21 7 21 3 10 N.A. 3 10 N.A. N.A N.A. . . 1 = board 2 ft. depth 1 = board 2 ft. depth
Suitability Energy Cost Savings Suitability Energy Cost Savings Poor Good Best ($/lineal foot/year) Poor Good Best ($/lineal foot/year) (R-Values Recommended Above) (R-Values Recommended Above)
N.A.
11 Residential Foundation Insulation
EXTERIOR SIDING CAVITY INSULATION CAVITY INSULATION BRICK VENEER IN2x4OR2x6WALL DRAINAGE PLANE IN2x4OR2x6WALL DRAINAGE PLANE RIGID INSULATING GYPSUM WALLBOARD GYPSUM WALLBOARD RIGID INSULATING SHEATHING WITH LOW PERM PAINT WITH LOW PERM PAINT SHEATHING OR POLYETHYLENE OR POLYETHYLENE CANTILEVER PLATE VAPOR BARRIER BEHIND BRICK TIES VAPOR BARRIER BEHIND TO ALIGH SHEATING ATTACHED TO AND FOUNDATION FRAMING SILL SEALER OVER INSULATION SILL SEALER OVER TERMITE SHIELD TERMITE SHIELD (ALSO SERVES AS PROTECT INSULATION CAPILLARY BREAK) TO 6" BELOW GRADE WEEP HOLES AT W/ METAL, CEMENT BOTTOM BRICK RIGID FOAM COURSE INSULATION BOARD, OR "STUCCO" CONCRETE SLAB CONCRETE SLAB SLOPE GROUND 5% SLOPE GROUND 5% AWAY FROM WALL AWAY FROM WALL TOP SOIL TOP SOIL
GRAVEL BASE GRAVEL BASE POLYETHYLENE POLYETHYLENE VAPOR RETARDER VAPOR RETARDER
CONCRETE LOW PERMEABILITY FOUNDATION LOW PERMEABILITY BACKFILL (CLAY) BACKFILL (CLAY) CONCRETE FOUNDATION RIGID FOAM WALL INSULATION
UNDISTURBED SOIL CONCRETE FOOTING UNDISTURBED SOIL CONCRETE FOOTING Trench footings or monolith pours can be easily insulated by Interior slab-on-grade foundation insulation can be installed attaching foam board to the perimeter form board. The portion vertically but to maintain continuity it must be carefully detailed above grade requires UV and structural protection and a metal to permit acceptable floor finish. A metal termite shield is termite shield is recommended. recommended.
Exterior Insulation on Trench Footings Interior Slab-on Grade w/ Brick Veneer Wall
Recommended Total Installed Cost Recommended Minimum Basement ($/lineal foot for R-Value shown) Minimum Basement Wall R-Value $0 $5 $10 Wall R-Value 4 11 5 15 7 21 3 10 3 10 N.A . 1 = board 2 ft. depth
Suitability Energy Cost Savings Suitability Energy Cost Savings Poor Good Best ($/lineal foot/year) Poor Good Best ($/lineal foot/year) (R-Values Recommended Above) (R-Values Recommended Above)
N.A. N.A.
12 Residential Foundation Insulation
Frequently Asked Questions the probability of early discovery and materials used to protect the foam If a basement is unfinished does it inhibit treatment when discovered. above grade include two- or three-layer stucco finishes, brush-on elastomeric or still need foundation insulation? Is an inspection band where cementitious finishes, vertical vinyl Yes, unless the floor above is insulated. foundation insulation is omitted to permit inspection for termites a good siding, cement board, aluminum coil Even if used only for storage and stock, and fiberglass panels. heating and cooling equipment the idea? basement is thermally connected to the In some southern states with a high Will insulating the foundation rest of the house. incidence of termite infestation, increase the risk of radon problems? including, Florida, South and North Is floor insulation above a basement Radon entry into a home is through Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, or a crawl space an alternative to cracks and other opening below grade. foundation insulation? Mississippi, Louisiana, eastern Texas, The use of foundation insulation should southern and central California, minimize thermal stresses on the Yes, but keep in mind that pipes, ducts Georgia, Tennessee, and Hawaii, rigid foundation and help minimize cracking, and HVAC equipment located in the foam insulation is not allowed in thus reducing of radon entry. basement would then need to be contact with the soil. In other areas a six Should crawl space be ventilated? insulated to meet the MEC and to inch gap between the top of foundation protect pipes from freezing. Sometimes insulation and any wood framing The CABO One and Two Family Code these can be grouped in a small area member is required to permit visual requires one square foot of crawl space with insulated walls while the floor inspection for termites. Studies done by ventilation for each 150 square feet of above the rest of the basement is ORNL conclude that “if you include a “floor” area. Operable vents 1/10 as insulated. vision strip, you might as well not large can be used if a vapor barrier is Doesn’t placing insulation on the bother putting any insulation around the installed. Warm damp summer air can exterior improve energy foundation.” condense on the cool earth, even when performance? covered with a poly vapor diffusion Will exterior foundation insulation retarder, increasing the risk of crawl If the basement incorporates passive materials be chemically attacked by space moisture problems. Installing a dampproofing? solar design with a significant amount vapor barrier and closing the operable of south facing windows, exterior In can happen. Avoid ……and always vents is preferred. If local code insulation will be beneficial, provided follow the insulation and dampproofing interpretation requires crawl space the walls are exposed to solar gain. In a manufacturer’s instructions. ventilation, insulating the floor and typical basement the energy savings are What about water proofing? incorporating a vapor barrier is negligible. preferred. Codes often require waterproofing Should the interior of foundation Do foam insulation boards installed walls have vapor barriers? instead of damproofing if the wall is adjacent to habitable space. on the interior require fire If interior insulation is used, YES. The Manufactures of some foam products protection? concrete must be allowed to dry, but offer specific recommendations for All foams require thermal protection moist basement air typical of Midwest waterproofing of their foam systems. equal to ½ inch of gypsum wall board summers should not be allowed to reach when installed on the interior of a the cool wall where in can condense. How long will exterior foundation insulation last? building, including a crawl space. The Batt insulation specifically designed for only exception is Celotex Thermax the interior of foundation walls has a Properly installed foundation polyisocyanurate which may be perforated poly facing that prevents air insulation, interior or exterior, should installed without a thermal barrier from circulating through the batt, but last as long as insulation installed any where approved by the local building allows water vapor from the wall to where else in the building. code official. escape. Should foam insulation above grade Are insulating concrete form (ICF) Will foundation insulation increase be protected? systems less expensive than an the risk of termite entry? Foam above grade must be protected insulated poured in place concrete Foundation insulation does not increase from both sun and physical damage. wall? the risk of termine entry. If termites are Ultraviolet light degrades or destroys ICFs can be competitive but costs are present in the soil and wood is used in most foams. In addition, damage from project specific. Foam used in these the building, the risk of infestation lawnmowers, balls, and other incidental systesm should address the same exists. Exterior insulation may reduce contact can degrade the appearance and concerns outlined above for foam performance of the foam. Common board. 13 Information Sources Polyfoam Packers 2320 Foster Avenue Wheeling, IL 60090 Insulating Concrete Foam Systems References and On-line Resources Phone: 847-669-1176 Fax: 847-398-0653 Web site: http://www.polyfoam.com AFM Corporation Builders Foundation Design Handbook 24000 West Hwy 7 Exelsior, MN 55331 Extruded Polystyrene Tel: 800-255-0176 fax: 612-474-2074 by J. Carmody, 1991. E-mail: [email protected] Christian, Jeffrey E., Energy Efficient Dow Chemical Co. Website: www.afmcorp-epsfoam.com 200 Larkin Center, 1605 Joseph Drive Residential Building Foundations, Greenblock WorldWide Corporation ASHRAE Journal, November 1991. Midland,MI 48674 Tel: 800-441-4369 Fax: 517- 832-1465 P.O.Box 749 Woodland Park, CO 80866 Insulation Materials: Environmental Web site: http://www.dow.com/styrofoam Tel: (719) 687-0645 Fax: (719) 687-7820 E-mail: [email protected] Comparisons, Environmental Building Tenneco Building Products Web site: http://www.greenblock.com News, Vol. 4, No 1, January/February 2907 Log Cabin Drive Smyrna, Georgia 30080 1995. Tel: 800-241-4402 ICE Block Web site: http://www.tennecobuildingprod.com PO Box 3089 Odessa, TX 79761 The Model Energy Code and Tel: 800-ICE-BLOC Fax: 915-561-5622 One and Two Family Dwelling Code Polyiscyanurate E-mail: [email protected] Web site: http://www.concentric.net International Code Council (formerly CABO) 5203 Leesburg Pike, Falls Church, VA 22041 Celotex Corporation 4010 Boy Scout Blvd. Tampa, FL 33607 Lite-Form, Inc. Tel: 703-931-4533 Fax: 703-379-1546 PO Box 774 Sioux City, IA 51102 Email: [email protected] Tel: 813-873-1700 Fax: 813-873-4058 Web site: http://www.celotex.com tel: 800-551-3313, tel: 712-252-3704 Web site: http://www.intlcode.org E-mail: [email protected] Kansas Corporation Commission Johns Manville Corporation Web site: http://www.liteform.com Energy Programs 717 17th St Denver,CO 80202 Tel: 800- 654-3103 Fax: 303-978-2318 Reward Wall Systems 1500 SW Arrowhead Road Topeka, Kanss 66604 Web site: http://www.jm.com 4115 S. 87th St. Omaha, NE 68127 Tel: 785-271-3349 Tel: 800-468-6344 fax: 402-592-7969 Web site: http://www.kcc.state.ks.us/energy E-mail: [email protected] Rock Wool Web site: http://www.rewardwallsystem.com Kansas State University Roxul, Inc. Engineering Extension 551 Harrop Drive Milton, ON L9T 3H3 Canada Termite Treatment Ward Hall Tel: 905-878-8474 Fax: 905-878-8077 Kansas State University Sentricon Colony Eliminator System Manhattan, Kansas Batts Dow AgroSciences Tel: 785-532-4994 9330 Zionsville Road Indianapolis, IN 46268-1054 Web site: http://www.OZNET.ksu.edu/dp-nrgy Fiberglass fax: 800-905-7326 Web site: http://www.sentricon.com DOE Energy Standards and Guidelines Pacific Northwest National Laboratory CertainTeed Corporation P.O. Box 860 Valley Forge, PA 19482 Systematic Termite Control Richland, Washington FMC Tel: 509-417-7554 Fax: 509-375-3614 Tel: 610-341-7000 Fax: (610) 341-7571 Web site: http://www.certainteed.com Chicago, IL Tel: 800-321-1FMC Web site: www://energycodes.org/ Web site: http://www.fmc-apgspec.com EPA Energy Star Homes Johns Manville Corporation U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 717 17th St Denver,CO 80202 Industry Associations Climate Protection Division Tel: 800- 654-3103 Fax: 303-978-2318 401 M Street SW MC:6202J Web site: http:// www.jm.com North American Insulation Washington, DC 20460 Manufacturers Association Tel: 888-782-7937 Owens Corning 44 Canal Center Plaza Alexandria, VA 22314 Web site: http:/www.energystar.gov Fiberglas Tower Toledo, OH43659 Tel: 703-684-0084, Fax: 703-684-0427 Tel: 419-248-8000 Fax: 614/321-5606 (fax) E-mail: [email protected] Energy Efficient Building Association Web site: http://www.owenscorning.com Web site: http://www.naima.org 490 Concordia Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55103-2441 Tel: 651-268-7585 Fax: 651-268-7597 Knauf Fiber Glass GmbH Cellulose Insulation Manufacturers E-mail: [email protected] One Knauf Drive Association Web site: http://www.eeba.org Shelbyville,IN 46176 Tel: (800) 825-4434 Fax: (317) 398-3675 136 Keowee Street Dayton, OH45402 Environmental Building News E-mail: [email protected] Tel: 513-222-2462 Fax: 937-222-5794 Web site: http://www.knauffiberglass.com E-mail: [email protected] 122 Birge Street Brattleboro, Vermont 05310 Web Site: http://www.cima.org Tel: 802-257-7300 Fax: 802-257-7304 Web site: http://www.ebuild.com Blown Polyisocyanurate Insulation Material Sources (manufacturers) Cellulose Manufacturers Association (Consult industry associations for more detailed lists) 1331 F Street, NW, Suite 975 Washington, DC 20004 Central Fiber Corporation Tel : 202-628-6558 Fax: 202-628-3856 Insulation Wellsville, Kansas 66092 E-mail: [email protected] Tel: 800-654-6117 Web site: http://www.pima.org Boards Blown-in-batt (BIB) Insulating Concrete Form Association Expanded Polytyrene 1807 Glenview Road, Suite 203 Glenview, Ilinois, USA 60025 AFM Corporation Rockwool Phone: 847-657-9730 Fax: 847-657-9728 24000 W. Hwy 7 Excelsior, MN 55331 E-mail: [email protected] American Rockwool, Inc. Web site: http://www.forms.org Phone: 612-474-0809 Fax: 612-474-2074 P.O. Box 880 E-mail: [email protected] Spring Hope, NC 27882 Website: www.afmcorp-epsfoam.com Tel: 254-478-5111 Fax: 252-478-4172 Contour Products Web site: http://www.amerrock.com 4001 Kaw Drive Kansas City, KS 66102 Phone: 800-638-3626 Fax: 913-321-8063 E-mail: [email protected] Web site: http://www.contourfoam.com