Jean Jacques Dessalines Au ChampsDeMars
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Toussaint Louverture: Relations with Great Britain and the United States, 1798-1802
Loyola University Chicago Loyola eCommons Master's Theses Theses and Dissertations 1950 Toussaint Louverture: Relations with Great Britain and the United States, 1798-1802 Rosemary Downey Loyola University Chicago Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Downey, Rosemary, "Toussaint Louverture: Relations with Great Britain and the United States, 1798-1802" (1950). Master's Theses. 753. https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/753 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License. Copyright © 1950 Rosemary Downey .. TOUSSAINT LOUVERTURE: REL1TIO~S WITH GREAT BRITAIN AND THE UNITED STATES 1798-1802 by Mother Rosemary Downey, B.S.O.J. A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULF ILLlIlENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN LOYOLA UNIVERSITY Febru.a.ry 1950 TABLE OF OONTENTS Page Preface. •. 111 Chapter I THE EMERGENOE OF TOUSSAINT LOUVERTURE....................... 1 Birth of Toussaint Louverture - His Parentage - Condition of Slaves in Saint-DomingQe - Lot of Toussaint - Opinions of His Oharacter - British - Mulatto - The Slave Insurrec tion - Toussaint in Power II ANGLo-FRENOH WAR IN SAINT-DOMINGUE 1793-1798 •••••••••••••••• 15 British Attitude toward French Revolution - War with the French Republic - Cooperation of Saint-Domingue Planters - Value of the French Colony - Strategy of Pitt and Dundas - English-French Coalition Terms - Early Success of British Expedition - Expense - Reverses - Withdrawal Forced by Toussaint III BRITISH-AMERICAN RAPPROCHEMENT IN 1798 •••••••••••••••••••••• 29 Problem of British-American Relations - Mercantilism v.s. -
Women Treasures of Haïti
WOMEN TREASURES OF HAÏTI PRESENTED BY: ELSY MECKLEMBOURG-GUIBERT WHO ARE THOSE WOMEN? Mothers Wives Professionals Artists Writers POPULATION: 8 MILLIONS More than 52% are women Women come from different social strata Great diversity There are commonalities and differences WOMEN’S ROLE RURAL WOMEN The backbone of the economy Distribution and the marketing of the food products 90% of the street vendors are female In the domestic field Participate in the harvest of corn and rice / Cook Responsible for the upbringing of their children Support and remain with their mate Not politically active CONT’D URBAN WOMEN They are educated Vocationally oriented Are in the job market Are politically versed Have political power (Elected) WOMEN IN HAITI’S HISTORY From the Colonial Era Queen Anakaona, leader of the Tainos (Indians) Poet, dancer Political (rebelled against the Spaniards) Symbol of survival and pride of the era REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD Marie Claire Heureuse Félicité - Jean-Jacques Dessalines’ wife. Cared for the sick and the prisoners. - She is the 1st. Red Cross. - Fought her husband’s temper to save many French men’s lives. Sanite Belair - Sergeant in Toussaint Louverture’s army - Fought for the Haitian independence - Died with her husband, Charles Belair. Women in Haiti’s History (cont’d) Marie Jeanne - Inseparable companion of a great war hero, Lamartinière - In the battle of ‘La Crête-à-Pierrot’, passed ammunitions around to the soldiers and loaded up the cannons. Catherine Flon - Goddaughter of Dessalines - Sew the -
Laurent Dubois, Avengers of the New World: the Story of the Haitian Revolution (Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2004)
FOREWORD | Lau RenT Dubois “I would have far preferred to write on Toussaint L’Ouverture,” C. L. R. James wrote wearily in 1931. He had, instead, been forced to respond at length to a racist article published by the eminent Dr. Sidney Harland, an English sci- entist teaching at the Imperial College of Tropical Agriculture in Trinidad. The “scientist” had, among other things, ranked Toussaint Louverture in his classificatory scheme as a member of “Class F,” the “lowest of the superior classes.” In other words, James seethed, Harland thought the world was quite full of men like Louverture: “He will pick a Toussaint from every tree.” But, as James insisted in his response—and as he would show in the coming de- cade within brilliant works of theatre and history—there was really only one Louverture. And there was no way to twist reality around so thoroughly as to make him proof of racial inferiority. Louverture’s story, and those of the events and people who made it, must serve as inspiration—and as a weapon. It was in this 1931 article (“The Intelligence of the Negro,” reprinted in the appendix), that James first took on a task that in a way became one of his great life missions: wresting the story of Louverture, and of Haiti, away from those in Europe and North America who for too long had distorted it— turning it into a cautionary or ironic tale, using it to create an intriguing whiff of exoticism, or (all too often, as in Harland’s case) employing it as a justification for racism. -
Eleutherodactylus Heminota Shreve and Williams
336.1 AMPHIBIA: SALIENTIA: LEPTODACTYLIDAE ELEUTHERODACTYLUS HEMINOT A Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles. SW Barahona, Barahona Province, Republica Dominicana). The altitudinal distribution is from sea level to 5600 ft (1700 m). ScHWARTZ,ALBERT. 1983. Eleutherodactylus heminota. • FOSSILRECORD.None. • PERTINENTLITERATURE.Other than the original description, Eleutherodactylus heminota E. heminota has been mentioned by Schwartz (1969) as being a Shreve and Williams member of the auriculatus group and as distinct from E. bakeri Cochran, and Schwartz and Thomas (1975) gave the geographic Eleutherodactylus bakeri heminota Shreve and Williams, 1963: and altitudinal distribution. 325. Type-locality, "Furey [Departement de I'Ouest], Republic of Haiti." Holotype, Mus. Compo Zool. Harvard University • REMARKS.Although E. heminota is represented by large num• 31734, gravid female, collected by E. E. Williams and A. S. bers of specimens in collections, there are no data on its habits or Rand on 8 August 1959 (not examined by author). voice. Most specimens have been obtained from native collectors, Eleutherodactylus heminota: Schwartz, 1965: 167. First recogni• and the facility with which they secure these frogs, most especially tion that Heminota is a species distinct from bakeri. in the vicinity of banana plantings, suggests that they encounter the frogs in the leaf bases of bananas. The large digital discs indicate • CONTENT.No subspecies are recognized. that E. heminota is most likely a climbing species. Since all known members of the auriculatus complex are vocal, it is amazing that • DEFINITION.A species of the auriculatus group of Antillean no voice is as yet associated unequivocally with this species. Eleutherodactylus characterized by the combination of small size Specimens of E. -
Masterlist Abri Provisoire
MASTERLIST ABRI PROVISOIRE SOMMAIRE # DEPARTEMENT # ABRIS PAGES 1 Artibonite 76 1 2 Centre 60 8 3 Grande-Anse 180 13 4 NiPPes 117 29 5 Nord 248 40 6 Nord-Est 38 63 7 Nord-Ouest 177 66 8 Ouest 212 82 9 Sud 182 101 10 Sud-Est 187 118 TOTAL 1477 COORDONEE GPS Capacité # Departement Commune Section Site Adresse Maximale Remarques Dernière mise à jour Latitude Longitude théorique Besoin de éParation au nivau du corPs 1 Artibonite Anse Rouge Centre Ville Ecole Nationale de Anse Rouge 13, RUE RAVINE 19.6352 -73.0539 0 mai 2017/ Par OIM du batiment et de la toiture 2 Artibonite Anse Rouge Ecole Eben-Ezer n/a n/a n/a 0 Besoin en eau et assainissement n/a 3 Artibonite Anse Rouge Centre Sociale de Anse Rouge n/a n/a n/a 0 Besoin en eau et assainissement n/a besoin d'aménagement de sanitaires suPlémentaire, travaux de finition 4 Artibonite Anse Rouge Centre Ville Ecole Nationale nan tiyo n/a 19.638460 -72.060023 80 mai 2017/ Par OIM (Portes, fenetres, Parquet) Renforcement de la toiture 5 Artibonite Gonaives Centre Ville Eglise et Ecole Catherine Flon n/a 19.47354 -72.66978 254 Besoin en eau et assainissement mai 2017/ Par OIM 6 Artibonite Gonaives Centre Ville Lycée Bicentenaire n/a 19.46324 -72.67587 1024 Besoin en eau et assainissement mai 2017/ Par OIM 7 Artibonite Gonaives Morne Blanc Abri de Morne Blanc n/a 19.51262 -72.66917 259 Besoin en eau et assainissement mai 2017/ Par OIM 8 Artibonite Gonaives Praville Eglise APostolique n/a n/a n/a 90 Besoin en eau et assainissement n/a Comité Thématique Evacuation et Gestion Abri Provisoire (CTGAP) -
Haiti Situation Response 2010
Haiti Situation Response 2010 Protection and assistance to internally displaced persons and host communities in Haiti Donor Relations and Resource Mobilization Service April 2010 Cover photo: Two girls from earthquake zone living in a host family washing and cooking. UNHCR / J. BJÖRGVINSSON Haiti To address the growing needs of people in Haiti displaced by January’s devastating earthquake, UNHCR is launching an expanded operation’s plan and budget. UNHCR is supporting the protection cluster in Haiti and is leading the ‘mirror’ protection cluster in the Dominican Republic. The expanded programme will extend the work of the protection cluster and provide material support to extremely vulnerable individuals. Community-based quick impact projects will support the needs of affected people hosted by friends and relatives in Port-au-Prince and in other areas. An earthquake measuring 7.0 on the technical experts in registration and UNHCR deployed a team of five staff Richter scale hit Haiti on 12 January profiling, and one logistics officer to members, who are supporting the 2010, causing untold human suffering oversee the distribution of the material efforts of the Dominican authorities in including the death of some 217,000 assistance provided (2,130 light weight addressing protection needs of the persons. UNHCR offered the tents, 18,850 rolls of plastic sheetings Haitians evacuated to the Dominican Emergency Relief Coordinator its for 103,400 beneficiaries, 17,400 solar Republic. UNHCR operates in the support to the UN humanitarian lamps, a field kit and an office kit). The border areas, providing material response effort to address massive and OHCHR/UNHCR protection cluster support to vulnerable people. -
Soup Joumou Webinar and Partake in the Layout Editor Feast of Knowledge That It Turned out to Be
L’OUVERTURE A QU AR T E R L Y P U B L I C AT I O N | DR . J E A N - CL A UD E D U T È S , E D I TOR | V OL 2 NO 1 O F F I C E R S A FEW WORDS FROM OUR EDITOR Mr. Michelet (Mike) Moïse Hello and welcome back! 2020 has seamlessly merged into CHAIRPERSON 2021, bringing with it the chaos, confusion, and helplessness that COVID-19 and its mismanagement have brought to this Dr. Jean-Claude Dutès country. A silver lining, a ray of hope may have been sighted in the VICE-CHAIRPERSON horizon, however. Elections were held and there has been a transition Dr. Guylaine L. Richard to an administration that offers a more sanguine, disciplined, and SECRETARY competent approach to the management of this pandemic. We hope that it will be able to translate its aspirations into Mr. Frantz Y. Richard reality for the sake of the country and our own. We wish the TREASURER Biden-Harris administration much luck and persistent courage in its effort, likely to be Herculean, to redress the national vessel Ms. Cosy Clergé Joseph towards less tumultuous waters. To paraphrase poet Amanda Gorman, with intense fervor, we DIRECTOR OF INTERNAL COMMUNICATIONS hope to march forward to what shall be, and not what was. Ms. Jocelyne Cameau At our other home, the situation is no less dire. Some, however, would contend that it is far worse, DIRECTOR OF EXTERNAL with a future smeared by uncertainty and no silver lining on the horizon. -
The Children of San Souci, Dessalines/Toussaint, and Pétion
The Children of San Souci, Dessalines/Toussaint, and Pétion by Paul C. Mocombe [email protected] West Virginia State University The Mocombeian Foundation, Inc. Abstract This work, using a structurationist, structural Marxist understanding of consciousness constitution, i.e., phenomenological structuralism, explores the origins of the contemporary Haitian oppositional protest cry, “the children of Pétion v. the children of Dessalines.” Although viewed within racial terms in regards to the ideological position of Pétion representing the neoliberal views of the mulatto elites, and economic reform and social justice representing the ideological position of Dessalines as articulated by the African masses, this article suggests that the metaphors, contemporarily, have come to represent Marxist categories for class struggle on the island of Haiti within the capitalist world-system under American hegemony at the expense of the African majority, i.e., the Children of Sans Souci. Keywords: African-Americanization, Vodou Ethic and the Spirit of Communism, Religiosity, Black Diaspora, Dialectical, Anti-dialectical, Phenomenological Structuralism Introduction Since 1986 with the topple of the Haitian dictator, Jean-Claude “Baby-Doc” Duvalier (1951-2014), whose family ruled Haiti for almost thirty-years, the rallying cry of Haitian protest movements against dictatorship and American neoliberal policies on the island has been, “the children of Dessalines are fighting or stand against the children of Pétion.” The politically charged moniker is an allusion to the continuous struggles over control of the Haitian nation- state and its ideological apparatuses between the Africans who are deemed the descendants of Jean-Jacques Dessalines, the father of the Haitian nation-state; and the mulatto elites (and more recently the Syrian class) who are deemed heirs of the mulatto first President of the Haitian Republic, Alexandre Pétion. -
Base Map - Departement Grand Anse - Earthquake of 14/08/2021 Public
HAITI - Base map - Departement Grand Anse - Earthquake of 14/08/2021 Public Ra vin e Ma Bonbon rtin )"H e a u TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDS BAHAMAS Abricots )" (!G R H Anse ivi )"C èr CUBA Hler e du c )"H)"H Jérémie )"H )"H s cot )"H bri (!G )"H HAITI )" DOMINICAN Ri ère desA H REPUBLIC vi vi i èr R e )"H )" S H UNITED STATES er angues )" MINOR OUTLYING R H i vi ISLANDS ère JAMAICA B onbon )"H )"H Rivière de la Gr and Anse )"H naudée Gui La Roseaux LEGEND Health Facilities )"H Hospital Marfranc (!G Clinic (!G Populated places Capital City of Admin 1 Level Corail)" Capital City of Admin 2 Level )" be H)"H H om Lac Capital City of Admin 3 Level ière Rivi Riv )"H ère M Dame Marie )"Moron aro )"H Admin boundary )"H Departement level Chambellan Ri vi )"H èr Arrondissement level e Zi l é B l anche Pestel Roads )"H Primary road (!G he uc Secondary road an Ga ouc à B s ière ra Riv B )"H e JÉRÉMIE èr Tertiary road R i iv iv R iè re d e Other road D a m e M a rie Water River )"H River, reservoir Wetland )"H )" GRAND'ANSE H Landuse )"H Residential Rivière Forest des Roseaux )" H Nature reserve )" H )"H CORAIL Anse Source Fourneau d'Hainault ogue oldr V La Beaumont e ièr )"H iv R )"H Riviè re Bra s à Dro )"H ite Sour NIPPES ce Chér ie Ri vi èr e R R V ivi iviè endr ère re D L'ANSE-À-VEAU Bo e ibuche e Mandou is s R o Rivièr Ma se h au ot x II e Glace ANSE Rivièr D'HAINAULT Rivière G de La uinaud is ée (est) es Iro d Riv re ière d e La Gui Riviè maud So ée e Source Pimba " u Rivièr )H rc e Bœu Les Irois f ome Gér a e L ie d e ière e Mar h dé c u e Riv -
Toussaint Louverture and Stephen Girard (A Rumor Finally Put to Rest.) – by Kenneth E
Click Here to Return to Home Page and Main Menu Toussaint Louverture and Stephen Girard (A rumor finally put to rest.) – by Kenneth E. Carpenter – ©All Rights Reserved If a white Philadelphian, you may not even recognize the transported in the other direction across the Atlantic, and name Stephen Girard; but if you are African American, imprisoned in the French Alps under conditions that soon you probably know that Stephen Girard was responsible for led to his death. Thus, the crime, if there were one, was a school that once admitted only white boys, and you most against both a people and one of the great figures in history. likely have heard that he was a shady character who came Rogers in his work does not simply make assertions. That by his money through theft – from a black man. is part of its persuasive power. As the title indicates, he has The fact that some version of that charge is part of a section of proof, and proof no. 77 gives the evidence: page the consciousness of African Americans, but not whites, 203 of a biography of Toussaint Louverture by Gragnon- reflects a cultural divide. In this country we do not all read Lacoste, published in 1877. the same things. It is almost solely African Americans who Rogers’ proof is, of course, only as good as the evidence know of 100 Amazing Facts about the Negro with Complete presented by Thomas Prosper Gragnon-Lacoste. The reader Proof, by Joel Augustus Rogers. First published in 1934, it is of Gragnon-Lacoste’s Toussaint Louverture, général, en chef still available, and sales of this 71-page pamphlet probably de l’armée de Saint-Domingue, surnommé le Premier des Noirs number in the six figures. -
Toussaint Louverture and Haiti's History As Muse
Toussaint Louverture and Haiti’s History as Muse: Legacies of Colonial and Postcolonial Resistance in Francophone African and Caribbean Corpus by Aude Dieudé Department of Romance Studies Duke University Date: _______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Deborah Jenson, Co-Supervisor ___________________________ Achille Mbembe, Co-Supervisor ___________________________ Laurent Dubois ___________________________ Ian Baucom ___________________________ Ranjana Khanna Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Romance Studies in the Graduate School of Duke University 2013 ABSTRACT Toussaint Louverture and Haiti’s History as Muse: Legacies of Colonial and Postcolonial Resistance in Francophone African and Caribbean Corpus by Aude Dieudé Department of Romance Studies Duke University Date: _______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Deborah Jenson, Co-Supervisor ___________________________ Achille Mbembe, Co-Supervisor ___________________________ Laurent Dubois ___________________________ Ian Baucom ___________________________ Ranjana Khanna An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Romance Studies in the Graduate School of Duke University 2013 Copyright by Aude Dieudé 2013 Abstract This dissertation explores the themes of race and resistance in nineteenth-century Haitian writings and highlights their impact on French-speaking -
Disabilities in Haitian Schools
Disabilities in Haitian Schools Disabilities in Haitian Schools Preliminary results of a research project in southern Haiti in the aftermath of Hurricane Matthew EDITED BY ROCHAMBEAU LAINY AND TRANSLATED BY DAVID DÉZIL AND TABITHA WILBUR QUÉBEC AND PORT-AU-PRINCE : ÉDITIONS SCIENCE ET BIEN COMMUN Disabilities in Haitian Schools by Rochambeau Lainy is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. Disabilities in Haitian Schools. Preliminary results of an action-research project in the south of Haiti after Hurricane Matthew Edited by Rochambeau Lainy Translated by David Tézil and Tabitha Wilbur, Indiana University Cover design: Kate McDonnell, photography by Danielo Saint-Cyr Editing and proofreading: Kate McDonnell Print edition ISBN: 978-2-924661-91-8 ePub edition ISBN: 978-2-924661-96-3 Legal Deposit – Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec 2020 Legal Deposit – Library and National Archive Canada Legal deposit: 2nd quarter 2020 This book is licensed under a Creative Commons CC BY-SA 4.0 license. Science and Common Good Publishing http://editionscienceetbiencommun.org 1085 avenue de Bourlamaque Quebec City, Quebec G1R 2P4 Canada Distribution: [email protected] Contents Acknowledgements ix List of Abbreviations xi Introduction: Context and Problem 1 Rochambeau Lainy 1. Students, learning disorders and inclusive education in 9 Haiti: A review of the literature Nathalis Wamba 2. Prolegomena of the Study of Language Disorders and 25 Failing Students with Disabilities Rochambeau Lainy 3. Students with Disabilities and Childhood Protection: 33 Analysis of Data Collected in Grand’Anse Samuel Régulus et Vijonet Demero 4. Students with Disabilities: Education access and 47 implications for cognitive justice Samuel Régulus 5.