Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 73:797-830, 2000 Diversity, dynamics and biogeography of Chilean benthic nearshore ecosystems: an overview and guidelines for conservation Diversidad, dinámica y biogeograffa del ecosistema costero bent6nico de Chile: revision y bases para conservaci6n marina 1 2 3 2 MIRIAM FERNANDEZ • , EDUARDO JARAMILL0 , PABLO A. MARQUET , CARLOS A. MORENO', SERGIO A. 1 2 2 6 NAVARRETE • , F. PATRICIO OJEDA , CLAUDIO R. VALDOVINOS' & JULIO A. VASQUEZ (*) 1 Estaci6n Costera de Investigaciones Marinas, Facultad de Ciencias Biol6gicas, Pontificia Universidad Cat6lica de Chile, Casilla 114-D, Santiago, Chile, e-mail:
[email protected] 2 Departamento de Ecologfa, Facultad de Biologfa, Pontificia Universidad Cat6lica de Chile, Casilla 114-D, Santiago, Chile, 3 Instituto de Zoologfa, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile, 4 Instituto de Ecologfa y Evoluci6n, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile, 5 EULA, Universidad de Concepci6n, Concepci6n, Chile, 6 Universidad Cat6lica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile, * in alphabethical order from the second to the last author ABSTRACT Despite Chile has been one of the pioneering countries in studies of human impact on marine communities, and despite the enormous economic and social significance that the marine environment has for the country, the development of marine conservation programs and the scientific basis for sustainability has not kept pace, with the exploitation rate of marine fisheries and the increasing use of the coast for other purposes. Although we think that the establishment of any conservation policies along the vast coastline of Chile must be based on a multitude of approaches and considerations, scientific, biological, and ecological principles should guide much ofthese efforts.