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BSAI Groundfish FMP FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN for Groundfish of the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands Management Area North Pacific Fishery Management Council 1007 West Third, Suite 400 Anchorage, Alaska 99501 PHONE: (907) 271-2809 FAX: (907) 271-2817 NOVEMBER 2020 [this page intentionally left blank] FMP for Groundfish of the BSAI Management Area Executive Summary Executive Summary This Fishery Management Plan (FMP) governs groundfish fisheries of the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands Management Area (BSAI). The FMP management area is the United States (U.S.) Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of the Bering Sea and that portion of the North Pacific Ocean adjacent to the Aleutian Islands which is between 170Ε W. longitude and the U.S.-Russian Convention Line of 1867. The FMP covers fisheries for all stocks of finfish and marine invertebrates except salmonids, shrimps, scallops, snails, king crab, Tanner crab, Dungeness crab, corals, surf clams, horsehair crab, lyre crab, Pacific halibut, and Pacific herring. The FMP was implemented on January 1, 1982. As of April 2004, it has been amended over seventy times, and its focus has changed from the regulation of mainly foreign fisheries to the management of fully domestic groundfish fisheries. This version of the FMP has been revised to remove or update obsolete references, as well as outdated catch data and other scientific information. The FMP has also been reorganized to provide readers with a clear understanding of the BSAI groundfish fishery and conservation and management measures promulgated by the FMP. 1.1 Management Policy The Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (Magnuson-Stevens Act) is the primary domestic legislation governing management of the nation’s marine fisheries. In 1996, the United States Congress reauthorized the Magnuson-Stevens Act to include, among other things, a new emphasis on the precautionary approach in U.S. fishery management policy. The Magnuson-Stevens Act contains ten national standards, with which all FMPs must conform and which guide fishery management. Besides the Magnuson-Stevens Act, U.S. fisheries management must be consistent with the requirements of other regulations including the Marine Mammal Protection Act, the Endangered Species Act, the Migratory Bird Treaty Act, and several other Federal laws. Under the Magnuson-Stevens Act, the North Pacific Fishery Management Council (Council) is authorized to prepare and submit to the Secretary of Commerce for approval, disapproval or partial approval, a FMP and any necessary amendments, for each fishery under its authority that requires conservation and management. The Council conducts public hearings so as to allow all interested persons an opportunity to be heard in the development of FMPs and amendments, and reviews and revises, as appropriate, the assessments and specifications with respect to the optimum yield from each fishery (16 U.S.C. 1852(h)). The Council has developed a management policy and objectives to guide its development of management recommendations to the Secretary of Commerce. This management approach is described in Table ES- 1. November 2020 ES-1 FMP for Groundfish of the BSAI Management Area Executive Summary Table ES- 1 BSAI Groundfish Fisheries Management Approach The Council’s policy is to apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices, based on sound scientific research and analysis, proactively rather than reactively, to ensure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems for the benefit of future, as well as current generations. The productivity of the North Pacific ecosystem is acknowledged to be among the highest in the world. For the past 25 years, the Council management approach has incorporated forward looking conservation measures that address differing levels of uncertainty. This management approach has in recent years been labeled the precautionary approach. Recognizing that potential changes in productivity may be caused by fluctuations in natural oceanographic conditions, fisheries, and other, non-fishing activities, the Council intends to continue to take appropriate measures to insure the continued sustainability of the managed species. It will carry out this objective by considering reasonable, adaptive management measures, as described in the Magnuson-Stevens Act and in conformance with the National Standards, the Endangered Species Act, the National Environmental Policy Act, and other applicable law. This management approach takes into account the National Academy of Science’s recommendations on Sustainable Fisheries Policy. As part of its policy, the Council intends to consider and adopt, as appropriate, measures that accelerate the Council’s precautionary, adaptive management approach through community-based or rights-based management, ecosystem-based management principles that protect managed species from overfishing, and where appropriate and practicable, increase habitat protection and bycatch constraints. All management measures will be based on the best scientific information available. Given this intent, the fishery management goal is to provide sound conservation of the living marine resources; provide socially and economically viable fisheries for the well-being of fishing communities; minimize human-caused threats to protected species; maintain a healthy marine resource habitat; and incorporate ecosystem- based considerations into management decisions. This management approach recognizes the need to balance many competing uses of marine resources and different social and economic goals for sustainable fishery management, including protection of the long-term health of the resource and the optimization of yield. This policy will use and improve upon the Council’s existing open and transparent process of public involvement in decision-making. 1.2 Summary of Management Measures The management measures that govern the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands groundfish fishery are summarized in Table ES-2. Pursuant to Title II of the Magnuson-Stevens Act, there is no allowable level of foreign fishing for the groundfish fisheries covered by this FMP. Fishing vessels and fish processors of the U.S. have the capacity to harvest and process up to the level of optimum yield of all species subject to this FMP. November 2020 ES-2 FMP for Groundfish of the BSAI Management Area Executive Summary Table ES-2 Summary of Management Measures for the BSAI Groundfish Fishery Management Area U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of the eastern Bering Sea and that portion of the North Pacific Ocean adjacent to the Aleutian Islands which is west of 170 W. up to the U.S.- Russian Convention Line of 1867. Subareas: The area is divided into two subareas, the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands. Stocks All stocks of finfish and marine invertebrates in the management area except salmonids, shrimps, scallops, snails, king crab, Tanner crab, Dungeness crab, corals, surf clams, horsehair crab, lyre crab, Pacific halibut, and Pacific herring. Those stocks and stock complexes that are commercially important and for which an annual TAC is established include: walleye pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, yellowfin sole, Greenland turbot, arrowtooth flounder, rock sole, flathead sole, Alaska plaice, “other flatfish”, Pacific ocean perch, northern rockfish, shortraker and rougheye rockfish, “other rockfish”, Atka mackerel, shark, octopus, sculpin, skate, and squid. Optimum Yield (OY) The OY of the BSAI groundfish complex (consisting of stocks listed in the ‘target species’ category, as listed in Table 3-1) is 85% of the historical estimate of MSY, or 1.4 to 2.0 million mt. Procedure to set Based on the annual Stock Assessment and Fishery Evaluation (SAFE) report, the Council Total Allowable will recommend to the Secretary of Commerce TACs and apportionments thereof for each Catch (TAC) target species. The Secretary will implement annual TACs which may address up to 2 fishing years, following public comment and Council recommendations at the December Council meeting. Reserve: 15% of the TAC for each target species (except Aleutian Islands Pacific ocean perch, Atka mackerel, flathead sole, Pacific cod, rock sole, yellowfin sole, pollock and fixed- gear sablefish), is set aside to form the reserve, used for correcting operational problems of the fleets, adjusting species TACs for conservation, or apportionments. The reserve is not designated by species or species groups. Apportionment of Pollock: The amount of pollock that may be taken with non-pelagic trawls may be limited; TAC pollock TAC shall be divided into roe-bearing (“A” season) and non roe-bearing (“B” season) allowances. Sablefish: Vessels using fixed gear may harvest no more than 50% of the TAC in the Bering Sea and 75% of the TAC in the Aleutian Islands; vessels using trawl gear may harvest no more than 50% of the TAC in the Bering Sea and 25% of the TAC in the Aleutian Islands. Pacific cod: After subtraction of the CDQ allowance, the remaining TAC shall be allocated 1.4% for vessels using jig gear, 2.3% for catcher processors using trawl gear listed in Section 208(e)(1)-(20) of the AFA, 13.4% for catcher processors using trawl gear as defined in Section 219(a)(7) of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2005 (P.L. 108-447), 22.1% for catcher vessels using trawl gear, 48.7% for catcher processors using hook-and-line gear, 0.2% for catcher vessels ≥60’ LOA using hook-and-line gear, 1.5% for catcher processors using pot gear, 8.4% for catcher vessels ≥60’ LOA using pot gear, and 2.0% for catcher vessels
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