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Leeds 10093021.Pdf THE STORY OF THE ENGLISH TOWNS l l L E E D S s FLETCH E R J . OCI E T Y ME MB E R OF T H E YOR KSH l R E A RCH E OLOG I CAL S W1 72! J LL US M A w ow s A N D MA PS LON DON S O C I E T Y F O R P R O M O T I N G C H R I S T I A N K N O W L E D G E N EW YORK : TH E MACMI LLAN COMPAN Y PREFA CE HAVE endeavoured in the following pages t o give as full an account of Leeds in its progress from a small pre -Conquest settlement to its present position as one of the greater cities of hi England, as can be presented wit n the limited Space placed at my disposal . The material for such auth o an account is to be found , mainly, in the rities referred to on another page . Those readers who wish to know more details will find them in of the massive folios Thoresby and Whitaker , in the of various publications the Thoresby Society , and s as of in such work those the late Mr . D . H . ul to Atkinson . My partic ar thanks are due Mr . “ A . C . Price , whose book , Leeds and its Neighbour hood : An Illustration of English History (in which he is kind enough to make many references to my ow n topographical work relating to York a of shire) , contains mass valuable information , and F . A . S to Mr W T Lancaster , for placing in my hands various works from the library of the York a shire Arch eological Society . E J . S . FLETCH R . H E C OSSW YS T R A , H AMB OOK C H I ESTE R R , CH . 1 18 9 . CON TEN TS CH APTE R PAGE 1 E EG I I S . TH B NN N G I I KIR KST . ALL I I I TH E IEV O . E M D AL T WN V 0- 66 1 I . 153 1 T w o G REAT TOWNSMEN V E TAP E TR A E I . TH S L D V E E I G TEE T CEN T Y I I . TH H N H UR VIII . TH E N EW FORCES I X . E E I OF C RC LI FE X . TH R V VA L HU H E OVEME T TOW R S E C TIO X I . TH M N A D DU A N E G EAT E XI I . TH R M N I NDEX LI ST O F I LLUSTRATI O N S F ACI N G PA G E ‘ THE TOWN H ALL Fr on/zspzece K IR K STALL A B BEY T ’ S . JOHN S C HUR C H O H I SO I N I I R O I J HN ARR N , P I I LA T P ST R P O ES BY ISTO I O F LEE S AL H TH R , H R AN D TH E MOOT H ALL B OAR LAN E ’ I NTER I OR OF MARSHALL S FLAX M ILI . ’ E XTERIO R O F MARSHALL S FLA X MILL QUE BEC B UILDIN G S R W F TI OOR D . LEEDS UNI VERSI TY JOSE PH PRIESTLEY E N D-PA PE RS PLAN OF LEEDS IN I 560 [ w ont PLAN OF LEE DS IN PLAN O F LEEDS IN 19 17 A UT H O RI TI E S ORESB Y R . D t s Le odi nsis 1 1 TH , , uca u e , 7 5 . O ES Y V L o B R . e di nsis 1 TH R , , icaria e , 72 4 . A TKI SO D . H . R h Tho es his To w n and T m es 1 N N , , alp r by i , 88 7. T I SO D l 8 A K N N , . H . , O d Leeds , 186 . D L id lm t 18 IT ER T . a 1 K . o is nd E e e 6 WH A , , , O R V B o ra hi i — Y . i a Leodiens s 186 6 TA L R , , g p , 5 7. W L STE . T and B I O P. o h AN CA R , W A LD N , . , C uc e r B ook Of Kirk stall Th s b oc . V . 1 0 . Abb ey ( ore y S , 9 4 f th e P s f OORE W . H sto o h Ch h o L e R . e s 18 M , , i ry ari urc d , 77. L D . Tes m ent Leodiensia Tho es So c . v MB G . t . 1 1 . U , , a a ( r by 9 3 L D . and S. G E ISO P ish Ch h R MB G . e iste s 1 U , , MAR R N , ar urc g r , 5 71 Tho es Soc 6 18 1— 1 . 757 ( r by , 9 94 / I SO G mm S ho o A m ss n B o s 182 — E . a o o 0 1 00 W L N , , r ar c l d i i k , 9 (Thoresby v 1 06 . Soc . , . 9 I E Lee s and its N e h o hoo 1 0 C A . C . PR , d ig b ur d , 9 9 T E E S R W . L fe and Lette s o f t H W . S P . e F h H N , , i r Wal r arqu ar ook , 18 . D . D . , 79 E t R n of Yo sh I The es e 1 1 . MORRIS , J . , W idi g rk ir , 9 L EEDS I TH E B EGI N N I N GS . H N of 62 E , in the summer the year 5 , St . Z th elburh of Paulinus brought E , sister adbald of to E , King Kent , northward to York , of be married to Eadwine , King Northumbria , the bride must needs have been struck , if not f il of a frighted , at the w dness the land through which sh e and her guardian passed in the last F r stages of their j ourney . o they would come into what is now Yorkshire by the old Roman hi way w ch led from Doncaster to Castleford , and see thence by Tadcaster to York , and they would small evidence Of human life beyond the cots of or of some obscure settlement , the hovels the swineherd and the woodmen , set deep in the forest On glades . their right would lie the marsh and waste which then spread over much of the county between the lower stretches of the Aire and the on of levels around York their left , the edges the deep woods t ch covered most of the great tract of land which we now know as the West i Rid ng . Upon the dark recesses in thos e woods E thelburh doubtless looked with awe as she and St . Paulinus made their way to York : from York the King who awaited her coming looked out on s of them , too , but with the feeling a conqueror . 9 I O LEEDS For that vast tract had until his time been an independent kingdom , and he had recently gone out from York to subdue it , and had successfully St . wrought his work , and about the time that Z th elburh w as Paulinus brought E to him , he able to boast that by this conquest his Northumbrian sovereignty had been extended from the eastern e to the western s a . And it may have been that th elburh the great missionary , as he conducted E of forward in the last stages their j ourney , pointed to the dark woods which lay westward , and told of of of her the Old kingdom Elmet , which they formed the boundary , and Of its wild fastnesses and pagan folk— and he may have told her also that in the midst of his newly acquired territory s et or Eadwine had up a royal lodge , or fort , camp i i o d s . at a place then called L In that name , of evidently of Keltic origin , we have the source the modern name Leeds . Ralph Thoresby , the topographer , perhaps the most notable Of the many eminent men whom n Leeds has produced , co sidered that his native town was one of the twenty -eight cities of ancient i N ennius Britain which are Spec fied by , the more or less fabulous chronicler , who is supposed to have been Abbot of Bangor early in the seventh century , and that its original name was Caer Loid Coit or Caer Loyd yn y Leod— the camp or fortress in the wood . But we may put that down as f b fanci ul conj ecture , unsupported y any historical evidence we have no dependable mention of any place that we may associate with Leeds before 6 — 0. Bede ( 73 73 5 ) who , in the fourteenth chapter of his Ecclesiastical History , writes that the a ltar of a certain church , erected under Eadwine , THE B EGINNINGS I I Cam odunum at a place which Bede calls p , and subsequently destroyed by the Pagans after Ead ’ re - wine s fall , was erected , and was in existence “ in th e Thr dulf his day at cell Of y , Abbot , in ” s regione quae voc atur Loidi .
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