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Improving the Competitiveness of Albania's Agricultural Sector

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Improving the Competitiveness of Albania's Agricultural Sector Annex III Improving the competitiveness of Albania’s agricultural sector: Business Process Analysis 128 Regulatory and Procedural Barriers to Trade in the Republic of Albania: Needs Assessment Contents Abbreviations ...................................................................................................................................................... 129 A1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 130 A2. Domain of interest ................................................................................................................................. 132 A3. Core business processes ...................................................................................................................... 134 A4. Export documents .................................................................................................................................. 143 A5. Time-Process Charts ............................................................................................................................. 144 A6. Cost analysis ............................................................................................................................................ 145 A.7 Recommendations ................................................................................................................................ 146 Table A2. 1 Technial standard-setting committees as at 2015 .................................... 115 Table A2.2 List of certification bodies for products, services and system ............... 117 Table A2.3 Testing laboratories-non food ........................................................................... 118 Table A2.4 Testing laboratories under FSVI ........................................................................ 119 Table A2.5 FSVI laboratories priority needs for meeting EU requirements ............ 120 Table A2.6 Albania’s market surveillance structure ......................................................... 120 Table A2.7 Metrology laboratories ........................................................................................ 122 Table A2.8 Metrology laboratories: Immediate capacity building needs ................ 124 Table A1.1 Use case and activity diagram notations ....................................................... 131 Table A2.1.1 Albania’s exports of the selected products ................................................... 133 Table A.4.1 List of trade documents ....................................................................................... 144 Diagram A3.1 Use case diagram of core business processes for exporting the selected products from Albania ....................................................................... 134 Diagram A3.2 Core business processes and stakeholders involved in exporting the selected products ........................................................................................... 135 Diagram A3.1.1 Conclude commercial contract and obtain certificate of analysis ....... 136 Chapter Five — Implications for regional integration 129 Diagram A3.2.2 Arrange transport by road .................................................................................. 137 Diagram A3.2.3 (a) Obtain the CoO ....................................................................................................... 138 Diagram A3.2.3 (b) Obtain EUR1 certificate ........................................................................................ 139 Diagram A3.2.4 Obtain the Phytosanitary certificate ............................................................... 140 Diagram A3.2.5 - 3.2.8 Customs clearance ................................................................................................. 142 Figure 5.1 Time-process chart for the export of fresh fruits and vegetables and botanical medical herbs from Albania ................................................ 145 Figure А.6 Costs associated with exporting fresh fruits and vegetables and botanical medicinal herbs from Albania (in USD) ............................. 146 Abbreviations ASYCUDA Automatic System for Customs Data BPA Business Process Analysis CCI Chamber of Commerce and Industry Standardized document for cross-order transport of cargo by road, based on UN CMR recommendations FYROM Former Yugoslavian Republic of Macedonia QKR National Registration Business Centres SAD Single Administrative Document UNECE United Nations Economic Commission for Europe UNESCAP United Nations Economic Commission for Asia and Pacific 130 Regulatory and Procedural Barriers to Trade in the Republic of Albania: Needs Assessment A1. Introduction egories. The first includes fresh fruits and vegetables, while the second includes botanical/medical herbs, This annex highlights major regulatory and proce- leaves, flowers and roots. The business processes dural barriers to increasing Albania’s exports of stra- associated with the export of the selected products tegic agricultural products using UNECE-UNESCAP are shown using: 202 Business Process Analysis (BPA) methodology. ● Use-case diagrams (See table A1.1) Identified in consultation with the Ministry of ● Business process Buy - Ship-Pay flowcharts Economic Development, Tourism, Trade and Entrepreneurship (MEDTTE) and the Ministry of ● Time chart indicators on procedures Agriculture, Rural Development and Water Resources ● Cost analysis chart (MARDWR), these products are divided into two cat- 202 The joint UNECE/ESCAP Business Process Analysis Model (2012) is available online at: www.unescap.org/ unnext/tools/business_process.asp Improving the competitiveness of Albania’s agricultural sector: Business Process Analysis 131 Table A1.1 Use case and activity diagram notations Notation Description and Instruction for Use Use Case Notations Subject Boundary — Represents a process area — Includes the name of a subject boundary on top Actor — Is a person who participates in a particular business process — Is labeled with a role — Is placed outside the subject boundary which represents a process area Use Case — Represents a business process — Is labelled with a descriptive verb-noun phase — Is placed inside the subject boundary which represents a process area Association Relationship — Link actors with business processes that they participate in Activity Diagram Notations Initial State — Represents the beginning of a set of actions — There is only one initial state for each activity diagram Final Flow State — Is used to stop the flow of actions in an activity diagram — Indicates that further actions cannot be pursued Final Activity State — Is used to indicate the completion of activity i.e. no further action is needed after this point Swimlane — Is used to break up individual actions to individuals/ agencies that are responsible for executing their actions — Is labeled with the name of the responsible individual or agency Action — Represents a non-decomposable piece of behavior — Is labeled with a name that 1) begins with a verb and ends with a noun; and 2) is short yet contain enough information for readers to comprehend. Object — Represents a document or information that flows from one action to another action — Is labeled with a name of a document 132 Regulatory and Procedural Barriers to Trade in the Republic of Albania: Needs Assessment Notation Description and Instruction for Use Use Case Notations Decision — Represents the point where a decision, depending on the outcome of a specific prior action, has to be made — Has multiple transition lines coming out of a decision point and connecting to different actions — Attach label with the condition on each transition line that comes out of an action and connects to a decision point Transition line — Indicates a sequence flow of actions and information in an activity diagram Fork (Splitting of Control) — Is used to visualize a set of parallel or concurrent flow of actions Join (Synchronization of Control) — Is used to indicate the termination of a set of parallel or concurrent flow of actions This annex is divided into 7 sections. The introduc- Around 28 of the formal enterprises and several in- tion in section one is followed by background infor- formal small farmers are engaged in food process- mation on the key factors influencing the exports of ing, using home-grown fruits and vegetables and fruits, vegetables and medicinal herbs from Albania. the majority aspire to be specialized in the export of Sections three and four describe the core business bio-products that is finding increased demands in processes associated with exporting the selected Europe and beyond.204152 products. An overview of the time process charts and cost analysis is provided in sections five and six, Botanical medicinal herbs, leaves, flowers and roots leading to action-oriented recommendations for the are found all over the country, including sage, oreg- Government’s consideration in section 7. ano, savoury, thyme, lavender, bilberry, rosemary, bearberry, red clovers, butcher broom and birch. A2. Domain of interest Collection is more organized in some regions, par- ticularly in Fier, Shkodër, Skrapar, Elbasan, Korçë, A2.1 Product selection Berat and Durrës, and the industry has a promising export potential. Albania is a major exporter of sage, Albania’s agricultural exports are dominated by fresh thyme, oregano and winter savoury, with estab- fruits and vegetables and botanical/medicinal herbs, lished positions in the USA
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