120 Banned Books, Censorship Histories of World Literature
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120 banned Books, second edition CENSORSHIP HISTORIES OF WORLD LITERATURE NICHOLAS J. KAROLIDES, MARGARET BALD AND DAWN B. SOVA To the University of Wisconsin–River Falls Chalmer Davee Library staff —N. J. K. For Jonathan, André and Daniel —M. B. To my son, Robert Gregor —D. B. S. 120 Banned Books, Second Edition Copyright © 2011 by Nicholas J. Karolides, Margaret Bald and Dawn B. Sova All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher. For information contact: Checkmark Books An imprint of Infobase Learning 132 West 31st Street New York NY 10001 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Karolides, Nicholas J. 120 banned books : censorship histories of world literature / Nicholas J. Karolides, Margaret Bald, and Dawn B. Sova. — 2nd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8160-8232-2 (acid-free paper) 1. Censorship—United States—History—20th century. 2. Prohibited books—United States—History—20th century. 3. Challenged books—United States—History—20th century. 4. Censorship—History. 5. Prohibited books—United States—Bibliography. 6. Challenged books—United States—Bibliography. I. Bald, Margaret. II. Sova, Dawn B. III. Title. IV. Title: One hundred and twenty banned books. V. Title: One hundred twenty banned books. Z658.U5K35 2011 363.6'1—dc22 2011013099 Checkmark Books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk quantities for businesses, associations, institutions, or sales promotions. Please call our Special Sales Department in New York at (212) 967-8800 or (800) 322-8755. You can fi nd Facts On File on the World Wide Web at http://www.infobaselearning.com Text design by Cathy Rincon Composition by Julie Adams Cover printed by Sheridan Books, Ann Arbor, Mich. Book printed and bound by Sheridan Books, Ann Arbor, Mich. Date printed: August 2011 Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 This book is printed on acid-free paper. CONTENTS Introduction vii LITERATURE SUPPRESSED ON POLITICAL GROUNDS All Quiet on the Western Front The Manifesto of the Communist Erich Maria Remarque 3 Party Karl Marx and Friedrich Andersonville MacKinlay Kantor 8 Engels 105 The Appointment Herta Müller 13 Mein Kampf Adolf Hitler 112 Areopagitica John Milton 18 My Brother Sam Is Dead James Black Boy Richard Wright 22 Lincoln Collier and Christopher Burger’s Daughter Nadine Collier 123 Gordimer 31 1984 George Orwell 126 Bus Stop (Chezhan) Gao Xingjian Novel Without a Name Duong 35 Thu Huong 131 The Corpse Walker: Real Life The Prince (Il Principe) Niccolò Stories, China from the Bottom Machiavelli 137 Up Liao Yiwu 38 El Señor Presidente Miguel Angel Doctor Zhivago Boris Pasternak 44 Asturias 142 The Fugitive (Perburuan) Slaughterhouse-Five: Or, the Pramoedya Ananta Toer 49 Children’s Crusade, a Duty- Girls of Riyadh Rajaa Alsanea 53 Dance with Death Kurt The Grapes of Wrath John Vonnegut, Jr. 146 Steinbeck 57 Snow Orhan Pamuk 156 The Gulag Archipelago 1918– Spycatcher Peter Wright 160 1956 Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn 71 The Things They Carried Tim I Am the Cheese Robert Cormier 78 O’Brien 166 In the Spirit of Crazy Horse Peter Uncle Tom’s Cabin Harriet Beecher Matthiessen 86 Stowe 169 Johnny Got His Gun Dalton A Woman in Berlin: Eight Weeks in Trumbo 98 The Conquered City Anonymous Kiss of the Spider Woman Manuel 175 Puig 102 LITERATURE SUPPRESSED ON RELIGIOUS GROUNDS The Age of Reason Thomas Paine Infallible? An Inquiry Hans Küng 186 251 The Bible 190 The Jewel of Medina Sherry Jones The Cartoons That Shook the 254 World Jytte Klausen 196 The Koran (Qur’an) 262 Children of the Alley Naguib Lajja (Shame) Taslima Nasrin 265 Mahfouz 204 The Last Temptation of Christianity Restored Michael Christ Nikos Kazantzakis 270 Servetus 208 The New Testament William Church: Charism and Power: Tyndale, translator 274 Liberation Theology and the Ninety-fi ve Theses Martin Luther Institutional Church Leonardo 277 Boff 211 Oliver Twist Charles Dickens 282 Concerning Heretics Sebastian On the Infi nite Universe and Castellio 214 Worlds Giordano Bruno 285 The Da Vinci Code Dan Brown 217 On the Origin of Species Charles Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief Darwin 288 World Systems Galileo Galilei 223 The Satanic Verses Salman Rushdie Essays Michel de Montaigne 226 295 Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Shivaji: Hindu King in Islamic Stone J.K. Rowling 229 India James W. Laine 304 The Hidden Face of Eve: Women in The Talmud 311 the Arab World Nawal El The Witches Roald Dahl 314 Saadawi 236 Women Without Men: A Novel of His Dark Materials Trilogy, Book Modern Iran Shahrnush I: The Golden Compass Philip Parsipur 320 Pullman 240 Zhuan Falun: The Complete Impressions Reading Series Jack Teachings of Falun Gong Li Booth, gen. ed. 245 Hongzhi 324 LITERATURE SUPPRESSED ON SEXUAL GROUNDS Always Running—La Vida Loca: The Clan of the Cave Bear Jean Gang Days in L.A. Luis T. Auel 347 Rodriguez 331 The Epic of Gilgamesh Unknown Bless Me, Ultima Rudolfo Anaya 336 348 The Bluest Eye Toni Morrison 340 Fanny Hill, or Memoirs of a Woman Candide Voltaire 345 of Pleasure John Cleland 351 Flowers for Algernon Daniel Keyes Rabbit, Run John Updike 395 355 The Rainbow D. H. Lawrence 397 The Flowers of Evil (Les Fleurs du Sanctuary William Faulkner 400 mal) Charles Baudelaire 357 Snow Falling on Cedars David Forever Judy Blume 359 Guterson 402 Gossip Girl Series Cecily von Song of Solomon Toni Morrison Ziegesar 363 406 The Handmaid's Tale Margaret Sophie’s Choice William Styron 409 Atwood 366 Tess of The D’urbervilles Thomas How the García Girls Lost Their Hardy 412 Accents Julia Alvarez 369 Their Eyes Were Watching Lady Chatterley’s Lover D. H. God Zora Neale Hurston 415 Lawrence 374 This Boy's Life Tobias Wolff 420 Lolita Vladimir Nabokov 378 Twilight Series Stephenie Meyer Madame Bovary Gustave Flaubert 423 382 Ulysses James Joyce 427 Native Son Richard Wright 384 Women in Love D. H. Lawrence 431 The Perks of Being a Wall- fl ower Stephen Chbosky 391 LITERATURE SUPPRESSED ON SOCIAL GROUNDS The Absolutely True Diary of a The Canterbury Tales Geoffrey Part-Time Indian Sherman Chaucer 473 Alexie 435 Catch-22 Joseph Heller 477 Adventures of Huckleberry Finn The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Mark Twain 441 Salinger 480 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer The Color Purple Alice Walker 484 Mark Twain 448 Fahrenheit 451 Ray Bradbury 487 And Tango Makes Three Justin A Farewell To Arms Ernest Richardson and Peter Parnell 451 Hemingway 489 Anne Frank: The Diary of a Young Freakonomics: A Rogue Economist Girl Anne Frank 455 Explores the Hidden Side of The Autobiography of Benjamin Everything Steven D. Levitt and Franklin Benjamin Franklin Stephen J. Dubner 493 457 Gorillas in the Mist Dian Fossey 497 The Autobiography of Malcolm X The Great Gatsby F. Scott Malcolm X, with Alex Haley 460 Fitzgerald 499 The Bell Jar Sylvia Plath 462 Heather Has Two Mommies Leslea Beloved Toni Morrison 465 Newman 502 Brave New World Aldous Huxley I Know Why The Caged Bird 470 Sings Maya Angelou 504 The Kite Runner Khaled Hosseini A Separate Peace John Knowles 506 529 Leaves of Grass Walt Whitman 515 The Sun Also Rises Earnest Lord of the Flies William Golding Hemingway 531 518 To Kill A Mockingbird Harper Lee Of Mice and Men John Steinbeck 534 521 Welcome to the Monkey House Kurt One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest Vonnegut, Jr. 537 Ken Kesey 526 Index 541 Introduction For centuries, books have been banned, suppressed, and censored because of political, religious, sexual, and social reasons, according to the tastes and beliefs of a particular era or a locale. As times change, formerly banned books become acceptable or even “classic,” while once-acceptable books are challenged, as the appearance of James Joyce’s Ulysses and D. H. Lawrence’s Lady Chatterley’s Lover in college courses as required reading and the roller- coaster history of Mark Twain’s Adventures of Huckleberry Finn attest. In many cases, the same book has been banned at different times for different reasons, as is the case with Erich Maria Remarque’s All Quiet on the Western Front, Voltaire’s Candide, and Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World. The books do not change, but the social climate does. This updated edition of 120 Banned Books contains entries covering more than 2,000 years of censorship. Entries new to this edition range from best- selling works of popular fi ction, such as the young-adult Twilight and Gos- sip Girl series, to highly acclaimed works of undeniable literary value, such as Beloved by Toni Morrison, The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini, and The Appointment by Herta Müller, winner of the 2009 Nobel Prize in literature. Entries from the past edition have been updated to refl ect new challenges. Each week brings new reports of challenges to books. In 2011, that may seem diffi cult to believe, but the reality remains. Parents and librarians are often shocked to hear that books in the Harry Potter series have been chal- lenged in such diverse regions of the country as Massachusetts, California, and Georgia, yet some suggest that other books would be better banned, according to their own beliefs, biases, and prejudices. In some cases, readers who defend controversial works by academics, such as Stephen J. Dubner and Steven D. Levitt’s Freakonomics, are quick to condemn Philip Pullman’s tril- ogy His Dark Materials as unacceptably anti-religious.