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Association of Systemic Medication Use with Intraocular Pressure in a Multiethnic Asian Population: the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases Study

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Association of Systemic Medication Use with Intraocular Pressure in a Multiethnic Asian Population: the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases Study Supplementary Online Content Ho H, Shi Y, Chua J, et al. Association of systemic medication use with intraocular pressure in a multiethnic Asian population: the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases Study. JAMA Ophthalmol. Published online January 12, 2017. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2016.5318 eAppendix. Drugs According to Medication Class eTable 1. Subgroup Analysis According to Systemic Medical Condition eTable 2. Multivariable Linear Regression Models for Interactions Between Medication Classes This supplementary material has been provided by the authors to give readers additional information about their work. © 2017 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. Downloaded From: https://edhub.ama-assn.org/ on 10/03/2021 eAppendix. Drugs According to Medication Class The following list was used to identify the lists of drug names each participant was taking, classified according to medication class. ACE inhibitors Captopril, Coversyl, Enalapril, Glioten, Imidapril, Invoril, Lisinopril, Lisoril, Perindopril, Tanapril, Tanatril, Zestril Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors Acarbose, Glucobay Analgaesics Acugesic, Anarex, Codeine, Ibuprofen, Ketoprofen, Pacofen, Panadol, Panadeine, Paracetamol, Norgesic, Suniton, Tramadol Angiotensin Receptor Blockers Atacand, Candesartan, Coaprovel, Cozaar, Co-Diovan, Diovan, Exforge, Hyzaar, Irbesartan, Losartan, Micardis, Olmetec, Omelsartan, Telmisartan, Valsartan Anti-coagulants/Anti-platelets Clopidogrel, Dipyridamole, Perazodin, Plavix, Ticlid, Ticlopidine, Warfarin Anti-Depressants Amitriptyline, Deanxit, Depranil, Escitalopram, Fluvoxamine, Fluoxetine, Imipramine, Lexapro, Melitracen, Mirtazapine, Paroxetine, Prozac, Seroxat Anti-Histamines Adezio, Cetirizine, Chlorphenamine, Cinnarizine, Cyproheptadine, Hydroxyzine, Loratadine, Pilian, Piriton, Telfast, Xyzal, Zyrtec Aspirin Aspirin, Cardiprin Beta-blockers Atenolol, Betaloc, Beta-nicardia, Bisoprolol, Carvediol, Dilatrend, Hypernol, Inderal, Metoprolol, Nebivolol, Propranolol, Sotalol, Tenormin © 2017 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. Downloaded From: https://edhub.ama-assn.org/ on 10/03/2021 Biguanides Diabetmin, Glucophage, Metforal, Metformin Calcium Channel Blockers Adalat, Amlodipine, Bepridil, Diltiazem, Felodipine, Lacidipine, Nifedipine, Nifetex, Nif- ten, Norvasc, Plendil, Stamlo, Vascor, Verapamil Diuretics Amiloride, Chlorthiazide, Frusemide, Furosemide, Hydrochlorothiazide, Indapamide, Lasix, Moduretic, Natrilix, Spironolactone Fibrates Ciprofibrate, Fenofibrate, Gemfibrozil, Modalim, Recozil, Trolip H2 Receptor Antagonist Aciloc, Apo-ranitidine, Cimetidine, Famotidine, Ranitidine, Zantac, Insulin Actrapid, Aspart, Insulatard, Insulin, Lantus, Mixtard, NovoMix Nitrates Angsobide, Glyceryl Trinitrate, Gtn, Imdur, Isosorbide Mononitrate, Isosorbide Dinitrate, Iwdex NSAIDS Almiral, Arcoxia, Cataflam, Celecoxib, Diclofenac, Etoricoxib, Indocid, Indomethacin, Naproxen, Piroxicam, Rosiden, Sunprox, Voren Proton Pump Inhibitors Esomeprazole, Nexium, Omeprazole, Omezole, Rabeprazole Statins Apo-Lovastatin, Atorvastatin, Crestor, Lipitor, Lovastatin, Pravastatin, Rosuvastatin, Simtin, Simvastatin, Vytorin, Zocor Steroid Inhalers Beclomethasone, Betamethasone, Budesonide, Flixonase, Fluticasone, Mometasone, Nasonex, Seretide Sulphonylureas Amaryl, Daonil, Diamicron, Glibenclamide, Gliclazide, Glimepiride, Glipizide, Glucovance. Glyburide, Nateglinide, Starlix, Tolbutamide Thyroid Hormones Euthyrox, Levothyroxine, Thyroxine © 2017 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. Downloaded From: https://edhub.ama-assn.org/ on 10/03/2021 eTable 1. Subgroup Analysis According to Systemic Medical Condition Participants with Participants with Participants with Hypertension Diabetes Hyperlipidaemia Medication Class β (SE) p-value β (SE) p-value β (SE) p-value ACE inhibitors 0.52 (0.13) <0.001 - - - - ARB 0.43 (0.19) 0.025 - - - - Beta blockers -0.41 (0.11) <0.001 - - - - Sulphonylureas - - 0.33 (0.14) 0.014 - - Biguanides - - 0.16 (0.13) 0.232 - - Statins - - - - 0.29 (0.15) 0.054 SE: standard error; BMI: body mass index; HbA1c: glycosylated hemoglobin; BP: blood pressure; ACE: angiotensin converting enzyme; ARB: angiotensin receptor blockers. Model adjusted for concurrent use of other medications, in addition to age, gender, BMI, ethnicity and specific health conditions. © 2017 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. Downloaded From: https://edhub.ama-assn.org/ on 10/03/2021 eTable 2. Multivariable Linear Regression Models for Interactions Between Medication Classes No adjustments Adjusted for ACE-I use Adjusted for β-Blocker use β SE p-value β SE p-value β SE p-value ACE-I 0.34 0.23 0.14 - - - - - - β-Blockers -0.47 0.14 <0.001 0.32 0.27 0.22 - - - Statins 0.39 0.13 0.003 -0.21 0.25 0.41 -0.12 0.21 0.56 Biguanides 0.38 0.21 0.08 -0.15 0.30 0.61 -0.20 0.32 0.53 Sulfonylureas 0.74 0.30 0.014 0.26 0.32 0.43 0.04 0.33 0.89 Adjusted for Statin use Adjusted for Biguanide use Models were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, β SE p-value β SE p-value glycosylated hemoglobin levels and blood pressure. ACE-I - - - - - - Abbreviation: SE, standard β-Blockers - - - - - - error of mean Statins - - - - - - Biguanides 0.22 0.28 0.44 - - - Sulfonylureas -0.48 0.30 0.11 -0.28 0.30 0.36 © 2017 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. Downloaded From: https://edhub.ama-assn.org/ on 10/03/2021.
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