DOCSLIB.ORG

Pamyat's 'Appeal to the Russian People'

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Pamyat's 'Appeal to the Russian People' Click here for Full Issue of EIR Volume 15, Number 28, July 8, 1988 . involved.Another suspected Pamyat-linked operation is the sudden appearence at the same time of an anti-Semitic orga­ nization called "Death to the Jews." According to a recent statement made by Soviet refusenik Yuli Kosharovsky, this Parnyat's 'appeal to organization has been allowed to spread its message in offi­ cial meetings and workplaces "under the patronage of the the Russian people' Soviet authorities." Pamyat's appeal to the "patriots" of the Holy Mo�erland is a far cry from the noble Schillerian republican idea of by Luba George "patriotism," which is anathema to all forms of tyranny and imperial designs. The document published below, titled "An Appeat to the The Pamyat call for awakening "the rational and healthy Russian People," was released by the Russian-chauvinist forces in our society," and the polemic that "this perestroika mass organization Pamyat ("Memory") on Dec. 8,· 1987. bluff cannot continue any further," and heavy attacks against Some of the crucial demands put forward by Pamyat there "Zionist conspiracy" and "cosmopolitans," was the precursor have now appeared as policy pronouncements in Mikhail to the March 13 issue of SovetskayaRossiya, which published Gorbachov's June 28 report to the 19th Soviet Communist a "Manifesto" by Nina Andreyeva that attacked "cosmopol­ Party Conference. In the portions of Gorbachov's speech itans" and the drift that perestroika has taken. ignored by the Westernmedia, he singled out for praise "civic Gorbachov's praise at the Party Conference for "societies organizations," including "societies for the preservation of for the preservation of historical monuments" was received historical monuments," the category under which Pamyat is with great applause. Among the pro-Pamyat delegates at­ listed. tending the conference is Anatoli Ivanov, the the chief editor Gorbachov also announced that "a nationwide movement of an anti-Semitic youth monthly, Molodaya Gvardiya. In to support perestroika is being created," a movement con­ addition, Nina Andreyeva has prepared an "Open Manifesto" sisting of "party members, non-party members, and [Russian for the conference, along the lines of her "letter" to Sovet­ Orthodox] believers." Pamyat on Dec.8 had called for the skaya Rossiya. creation of "Perestroika People's Committees." Even in what are portrayed as the "reform proposal" passages of Gorba­ chov's speech, one finds curious echoes of the Pamyat doc­ ument.Gorbachov called for a new Supreme Soviet chamber to be called "Congress of People's Deputies." A key demand Documentation in the Pamyat document reads that a body of "People's De­ puties must become operative immediately." Periodically, the Soviet media feign complaints about Patriotsof the World Unite! ... Several years ago, the world Pamyat, but nothing is ever done to hinder its growth. In looked once again on Russia with hope ....What is really truth, Pamyat and a myriad of �oups closely associated with going on in our country? it are behind the rise of Great Russian chauvinism; it is a The atmosphere in the country can be summed up in a legal mass organization (see EIR, Jan. 8, 1988). It can be single sentence: We've done some democratizing and that's likened to the notorious "Black Hundreds" established at the it! ...This perestroika bluff cannot continue any further. end of the 19th century to carry out pogroms against Jews The world must know the whole truth ....The activities of and non-Russian Orthodox peoples. Like the "Black the enemies who have entrenchedt hemselves in every sector Hundreds," which was a creation of the Czarist Okhrana of the party-theleading force of the U.S.S .R. -are becom­ secret service, Pamyat is controlled by a committee of the ing more and more evident in our country.The darkelements, Soviet intelligence establishment, including the KGB and the speculating on Party slogans and Party phraseology, are to military GRU. Pamyat's poisoning of the atmosphere with all practical purposes waging a struggle against the indige­ anti-Semitism has led to an upsurge, in the last six months, nous population of the country and destroying the national of assaults against members of Jewish organizations, dese­ face of the peoples. They are reviving Trotskyism so as to cration of Jewish cemeteries, and even the murder of Jews. discredit socialism, to sow chaos in the state, and open the During June, a pamphlet was distributed in Moscow, sluice gates to Western capital and Western ideology. saying that the celebrations of the Millennium of Christianity . .Pamyat represents and is the expression of the will in Russia should prompt Russians to stand up for their Church of public opinion in the country.. .And who would dare and country against the threat posed by Jewry.Despite Pa­ act against their own people? Only those who are remote myat boss Dmitri Vasilyev's denial, many members of the from it and have not known its soul for a long time and are nervous Jewish community are convinced that Pamyat was unable to understand it. It is they who are trying to convince EIR July 8, 1988 International 43 © 1988 EIR News Service Inc. All Rights Reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without permission strictly prohibited. everyone that there are no dark forces in the state and no 4) To providePamyat with a platform on central televi­ conspiracy.No?! Then let them answer the following ques­ sion! tions publicly. 5) To demand that Pamyat publish an independent news­ Who has been inciting terror in the country for 70 years? paper with the unshakeable principles of objectively reflect­ Who is destroying and crushing any independent thinking? ing all the processes of life and criticizing, irrespective of Who is flagrantly violating the Constitution and the Law? who the target is. Who has blackened our history and culture? Who has We cali on all honest and courageous people to close destroyed the huge number of monuments of world renown ranks around Pamyat and support the healthy forces of the which belong to the Russian people and other peoples? Who Party who do not separate themselves from the people, and has reduced our historical sacred places-our churches, tem­ to protect the ideals of the Motherland ....We appeal to all pies, monasteries, and graves of national heroes of our Moth­ patriots in the Committee of State Security, the Ministry of erland-to a state of extreme desolation and destruction? Internal Affairs, and the Military: "Demand an open meeting Who has been ruining the economy all this time and with the leaders ofPamyat!" ...We demand thatall forces destroying agriculture? be mobilized to explainthe danger Zionism represehts in our Who has reduced the ecology of the country to a cata­ country and that an end be put to the actions of those who strophic state? are selling their homeland for 30 pieces of silver! Who arranged the disaster at Chernobyl and made a vast Stop the Cosmopolitans! ... Raise up the deepest layers region of land unusable? of the history and culture of the Motherland! ...Demand Who is depleting our raw materiais and selling off our the resignation of those who are inflicting economic and natural wealth abroad for a mere trifle? moral damage on the Motherland !. Do not permit any Who is detroying our nation with ideological and alco­ lack of control! holic dope? . All media are misleading world public opinion. True, Who at the word Russian rusheslike a watchdog to accuse there are exceptions.The two Arab papers Al-Anba and As­ us of chauvinism and nationalism? Who is trying to change Safir have provided a great deal of honest and objective the meaning of the word Russian to that of enemy? information about Pamyat.... We must pay attention to the We are the opposition to all who seek to betray the cause experience the Arab people have accumulated in struggling of perestroika and are ready to crucify their own mother for against Zionism. a mess of pottage! ... The practice of people's deputies proposed by Pamyat "International Zionism and Freemasonry have removed must become operative immediately! ... The Perestroika their visor and gone openly on the offensive against the last People's Committees, expressing the will of the public, must. remaining islets of spirituality and national consciousness. be independent in their judgment and be subordinated only Three years ago, Pamyat began ringing the alarm bell! ... to the demands of the U.S.S. R. Law and Constitution! is the ideological apparatus, which is headed by Politburo On the eve of the Millennium of the Christianization of member Yakovlev, trying to do away with our Patriotic As­ Russia . it is time to grant believers total freedom of sociation! Because the patriots of Pamyat told Yakovlev of conscience! We are in favor of separation from the state of their distrust for the Russophobic views he expressed in his atheistic propaganda, like that of the church.This will allow memorable article "Against anti-historicism" in Literatur­ artificially created sects to be destroyed.... We consider it naya Gazeta, no.46, Nov.15, 1972.Those views have not necessary to restore a church service in the heart of Russia­ changed to this day-the press, radio, and television are the Uspensky Cathedral in the Kremlin! ... preaching cosmopolitanism and idolatry towards the West, [Pamyat] is the sole force capable of withstanding the and excluding what is fundamentallynational and belongs to power of gold, the vanguard of imperialism-Zionism and the people. Freemasonry, whose aim is to rip open allfrontiers so as to We accuse Comrade Yakovlev of having persecuted Pa­ penetrate, paralyze, and destroy the national forces of resis­ myat because of our criticism of him! .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 1 Russian and Post-Soviet Foreign Policy Dr. Azar Babayev Course
    Russian and Post-Soviet Foreign Policy Dr. Azar Babayev Course Objectives This course explores the vital international relations of Russia and the other post-Soviet states. Beginning with an historical survey, it examines various geopolitical, cultural, and other factors in analyzing the origins and nature of the Russian empire. This is followed by study of the Soviet era, especially the rise, conduct, and collapse of the Cold War (and the USSR) in which power, ideology, institutions, and leadership are scrutinized. The remainder of the course is given to analysis of post-Soviet foreign policy, both events in particular regions (e.g. the Baltics, Eastern Europe, Central Asia, the Caucasus-Caspian) as well as critical issues in relations with Asia, the Middle East, Europe and America (trade, terrorism, nuclear security, peacekeeping, NATO expansion, missile defense, etc.). Though the “what, where and when” of post-Soviet foreign policy may predominate at times, understanding the “why” is our underlying goal. That is, while knowledge of specific foreign policy developments is essential, so is viewing these developments in the context of international relations theory—economic vs. ideological analyses, foreign or domestic influences, the roles of individuals and institutions, the impact of nationalism and the politics of identity. Course Format This is primarily a lecture course, though there will also be a significant discussion component. The general pattern will be instructor lecture for approximately one hour, followed by time for questions and answers. As well, an additional section meeting for supplementary discussion or video screening (historical, documentary, sometimes cultural/artistic subjects) will be held once a week.
    [Show full text]
  • Incommensurate Russia
    perry anderson INCOMMENSURATE RUSSIA t will soon be a quarter of a century since Russia left com­ munism behind. Its present ruler has been in power for fifteen years, and by the end of his current term in office will have all but equalled the tenure of Brezhnev. From early on, Western Iopinion of his regime divided sharply. That under Putin—after a period of widespread misery and dislocation, culminating in near state bankruptcy—the country had returned to economic growth and political stability, was evident by the end of his first term; so too the popularity he enjoyed because of these. But beyond such bare data, there was no consensus. For one camp, increasingly vocal as time went on, the pivots of Putin’s system of power were corruption and repres­ sion: a neo­authoritarian state fund amentally inimical to the West, with a wrapping of legal proprieties around a ramshackle pyramid of klep­ tocracy and thuggery. This view prevailed principally among reporters, though it was not confined to them: a representative sample could be found inEconomist editor Edward Lucas’s The New Cold War (2009), Guardian journalist Luke Harding’s Mafia State (2012), Standpoint contributor Ben Judah’s Fragile Empire (2013), but expressed no less pungently by a jurist like Stephen Holmes. For Lucas, Putin, having seized power with a ‘cynical putsch’, and maintained it with the ‘methods of terrorists and gang­ sters’, had ‘cast a dark shadow over the eastern half of the continent’. For Harding, under Putin’s tutelage, ‘Russia has become bullying, violent, cruel and—above all—inhuman’.
    [Show full text]
  • Rus Sian Jews Between the Reds and the Whites, 1917– 1920
    Rus sian Jews Between the Reds and the Whites, 1917– 1920 —-1 —0 —+1 137-48292_ch00_1P.indd i 8/19/11 8:37 PM JEWISH CULTURE AND CONTEXTS Published in association with the Herbert D. Katz Center for Advanced Judaic Studies of the University of Pennsylvania David B. Ruderman, Series Editor Advisory Board Richard I. Cohen Moshe Idel Alan Mintz Deborah Dash Moore Ada Rapoport- Albert Michael D. Swartz A complete list of books in the series is available from the publisher. -1— 0— +1— 137-48292_ch00_1P.indd ii 8/19/11 8:37 PM Rus sian Jews Between the Reds and the Whites, 1917– 1920 Oleg Budnitskii Translated by Timothy J. Portice university of pennsylvania press philadelphia —-1 —0 —+1 137-48292_ch00_1P.indd iii 8/19/11 8:37 PM Originally published as Rossiiskie evrei mezhdu krasnymi i belymi, 1917– 1920 (Moscow: ROSSPEN, 2005) Publication of this volume was assisted by a grant from the Lucius N. Littauer Foundation. Copyright © 2012 University of Pennsylvania Press All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations used for purposes of review or scholarly citation, none of this book may be reproduced in any form by any means without written permission from the publisher. Published by University of Pennsylvania Press Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104- 4112 www .upenn .edu/ pennpress Printed in the United States of America on acid- free paper 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 -1— Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data 0— ISBN 978- 0- 8122- 4364- 2 +1— 137-48292_ch00_1P.indd iv 8/19/11 8:37 PM In memory of my father, Vitaly Danilovich Budnitskii (1930– 1990) —-1 —0 —+1 137-48292_ch00_1P.indd v 8/19/11 8:37 PM -1— 0— +1— 137-48292_ch00_1P.indd vi 8/19/11 8:37 PM contents List of Abbreviations ix Introduction 1 Chapter 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Novorossiya: a Launching Pad for Russian Nationalists
    Novorossiya: A Launching Pad for Russian Nationalists PONARS Eurasia Policy Memo No. 357 September 2014 Marlene Laruelle The George Washington University The Ukraine crisis is a game changer for Russia’s domestic landscape. One of the most eloquent engines of this is the spread of the concept of “Novorossiya,” or New Russia. With origins dating from the second half of the 18th century, the term was revived during the Ukraine crisis and gained indirect official validation when Russian President Vladimir Putin used it during a call-in show in April 2014 to evoke the situation of the Russian-speaking population of Ukraine. It appeared again in May when the self- proclaimed Donetsk and Lugansk People’s Republics (DNR and LNR) decided to unite in a “Union of Novorossiya.” In August, a presidential statement was addressed to the “Insurgents of Novorossiya,” though the text itself referred only to “representatives of the Donbas.” The powerful pull of Novorossiya rests on its dual meaning in announcing the birth of a New Russia geographically and metaphorically. It is both a promised land to be added to Russia and an anticipation of Russia’s own transformation. As such, “Novorossiya” provides for an exceptional convergence of three underlying ideological paradigms that I briefly analyze here. “Red” Novorossiya The first ideological motif nurturing Novorossiya emphasizes Soviet memory. Novorossiya is both a spatial and ideological gift to Russia’s reassertion as a great power: it brings new territory and a new mission. This inspiration enjoys consensus among the Russian population and is widely shared by Russian nationalists and the Kremlin.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ethnic Roots of Class Universalism
    Edinburgh Research Explorer The Ethnic Roots of Class Universalism Citation for published version: Riga, L 2008, 'The Ethnic Roots of Class Universalism: Rethinking the “Russian” Revolutionary Elite', American Journal of Sociology, vol. 114, no. 3, pp. 649-705. https://doi.org/10.1086/592862 Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.1086/592862 Link: Link to publication record in Edinburgh Research Explorer Document Version: Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Published In: American Journal of Sociology Publisher Rights Statement: © Riga, L. (2008). The Ethnic Roots of Class Universalism: Rethinking the “Russian” Revolutionary Elite. American Journal of Sociology, 114(3), 649-705 doi: 10.1086/592862. General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edinburgh Research Explorer content complies with UK legislation. If you believe that the public display of this file breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 28. Sep. 2021 The Ethnic Roots of Class Universalism: Rethinking the “Russian” Revolutionary Elite Author(s): Liliana Riga Source: American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 114, No. 3 (November 2008), pp. 649-705 Published by: The University of Chicago Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/592862 . Accessed: 22/01/2014 06:01 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at .
    [Show full text]
  • State Building and Nation Making: the Evolution of Ethnonationalism
    TITLE : STATE-BUILDING AND NATION MAKING : THE EVOLUTION OF ETHNONATIONALISM UNDE R SOVIET RULE AUTHOR: Ronald G . Suny University of Michigan THE NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN RESEARCH 1755 Massachusetts Avenue, N .W . Washington . D .C. 20036 PROJECT INFORMATION :* CONTRACTOR : University of Michigan PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR : Ronald G . Suny COUNCIL CONTRACT NUMBER : 806-12 DATE : October 13, 199 2 Copyright Information Individual researchers retain the copyright on work products derived from research funded b y Council Contract. The Council and the U.S. Government have the right to duplicate writte n reports and other materials submitted under Council Contract and to distribute such copie s within the Council and U.S. Government for their own use, and to draw upon such reports an d materials for their own studies; but the Council and the U.S. Government do not have the righ t to distribute, or make such reports and materials available, outside the Council or U.S . Government without the written consent of the authors, except as may be required under th e provisions of the Freedom of Information Act 5 U .S. C. 552, or other applicable law . The Work leading to this project was supported by contract funds provided by the Nationa l Council for Soviet and East European Research . The analysis and interpretations contained i n the report are those of the author . Contents Summary 1. Nationality Policy and Communist Internationalism 1 2. Nations and States 1 8 3. "Making of Nations," Soviet Style 2 1 4. Navitization 25 5. Economic and Social Transformation 30 6.
    [Show full text]
  • Lenin on the Jewish Question
    University of Central Florida STARS PRISM: Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements 1-1-1934 Lenin on the Jewish question Vladimir Ilich Lenin Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/prism University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Book is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in PRISM: Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Recommended Citation Lenin, Vladimir Ilich, "Lenin on the Jewish question" (1934). PRISM: Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements. 840. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/prism/840 C" THE INTBRNiATlONAL PUBLISHERS NEW YORK , .i 5 cent3 EDITOR'S FOREWORD of Use Jews constitutes one of the darltest and blowliest chapters in the bistory of the tsarist empire, equalled, if not exceeded, onlg by the record of fascism in Germany. Previously, Rd,''the prison of nations," was considered the classic hdof the pogrom, Today, the Suviet Union, a free fademtion of Soviet nattwa kd upw the right of self-d-tion, has wiped out all natid opprdon axld persecution; Nazi Germany h become the land of the pgrom. The United Stah has no h Moody a record Jn regard to tbe Ntgraes. The lynch terror is the Amerian munter-part of the ppgrwn; Nqmphobia is even more viht than aatiSemihn. The system oi -tion aad Jim C& has matedwery phase of Amtri- mn life; at every turn the Amen'ean Negro is dqpded, insulted, pmemkd The violent national oppessIon of the Negroes in the United Statw, as weIl as the remgence and intensification of anti- Semitism, pushes the question of struggle against "race apriority" iddvgy and against ail form of national persecution to the forefront.
    [Show full text]
  • Class Struggles in USSR, First Period:1917-1923
    $18.95 Class Struggles in the USSR: First Period 1917-1923 by Charles Bettelheim Translated by Brian Pearce Charles Bettelheim's new book is the first volume of what promises to be a work of enormous importance for the world revolution- ary socialist movement. Two further volumes, dealing respectively with the period 1924-1953 and the years since 1953, are to follow. The immediate point of departure for Class Struggles in the USSR was the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia. Those who consider them- selves Marxists, Bettelheim argues, cannot be content to "condemn" or "regret" political acts: it is also necessary to explain them. In the case of the invasion of Czechoslovakia, Bettelheim deemed it all the more necessary not to limit himself to regrets, since what is at stake is nothing less than what the Soviet Union has become today. Perhaps the central theme of this work, recurring again and again, is the nature and pervasiveness throughout most of Soviet his- tory of the "rigidified Marxism" with which, in Bettelheim's view, "it is necessary to break if historical and dialectical materialism are to regain their true revolutionary character." In this connection he lays particular emphasis on erroneous notions regarding the founda- tions of class relations, the role of productive forces, and the withering away of the state. It is Bettelheim's thesis that in the case of Russia the revolutionary forces were too weak and too lacking in understanding based on Class struggles in the USSR 1 Class struggles in the USSR by Charles Bettelheim Translated by Brian Pearce First period: 1917–1923 Monthly Review Press New York and London From Marx to Mao M L Digital Reprints 2016 www.marx2mao.com Copyright © 1976 by Monthly Review Press All rights reserved Originally published as Les luttes de classes en URSS, copyright © 1974 by Maspero/Seuil, Paris France.
    [Show full text]
  • Crisis in Russian Studies? Nationalism (Imperialism), Racism and War
    Crisis in Russian Studies? Nationalism (Imperialism), Racism and War TARAS KUZIO This e-book is provided without charge via free download by E-International Relations (www.E-IR.info). It is not permitted to be sold in electronic format under any circumstances. If you enjoy our free e-books, please consider leaving a small donation to allow us to continue investing in open access publications: http://www.e-ir.info/about/donate/ i Crisis in Russian Studies? Nationalism (Imperialism), Racism and War TARAS KUZIO ii E-International Relations www.E-IR.info Bristol, England 2020 ISBN 978-1-910814-55-0 This book is published under a Creative Commons CC BY-NC 4.0 license. You are free to: • Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format • Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material Under the following terms: • Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. • NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes. Any of the above conditions can be waived if you get permission. Please contact [email protected] for any such enquiries, including for licensing and translation requests. Other than the terms noted above, there are no restrictions placed on the use and dissemination of this book for student learning materials/scholarly use. Production: Michael Tang Cover Image: Triff/Shutterstock A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
    [Show full text]
  • Russia Booklet Part 3. the Last Tsar
    Part 3. The Last Tsar. You have a choice about how you do this – any is fine. Print out the booklet and write in the gaps Download a copy and type in the gaps Record your answers on paper (use the same headings in your work as the page/section you are working from.) Whichever you choose, just keep your work safe! Extra challenge questions are optional. The last Tsar was Nicholas II (1868-1918) HISTORICAL INTERPRETATION Beliefs • Deeply influenced by his father and committed to preserving his policies Waller: Nicholas II always • Maintenance of autocracy – although his personality was not suited to such a strong willed role lived in the shadow of his • Rejection of constitutional monarchy ideas father, Alexander III, whose • Devoutly religious – educated by Procurator of Holy Synod views he tried to uphold Determining aspects of rule: • Failed to develop domestic policy programme and failed to delegate power (too much for one man to deal with by this point) • Although hardworking he had no sense of reality. Easily influenced by reactionary ministers. • Lacked realism and meant there was no effective leadership at the top • Indecisive – changed ministers and policies often e.g. Dismissed Witte in 1903 • Avoided calling the Council of Ministers to prevent members uniting against him and was concerned by anyone who showed initiative or expressed unconventional ideas • Ignored disturbances by growing urban working class in towns and illegal strikes – should have seen they were striking against working conditions and wages which he could have resolved. • Ignored councils (Zemstvas) set up by middle classes: failed to pick up on increasing disillusionment or introduce constitutional monarchy to appease liberals.
    [Show full text]
  • 10994449.Pdf
    - - - ------- .... .... ...... C/83-4 RUSSIAN NATIONALISM AND POLITICAL STABILITY IN THE USSR Dina Rome Spechler Tel-Aviv University Visiting Scholar Center for International Studies Massachusetts Institute of Technology Visiting Scholar Center for International Affairs Harvard University Center for International Studies Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 and Center for International Affairs Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 June 1983 S RUSSIAN NATIONALISM AND POLITICAL STABILITY IN THE USSR* The last decade and a half has witnessed an extraordinary resurgence of Russian nationalism in the USSR. Expressed first in literary, artistic, and scholarly works and in the dissent of intellectuals, it soon became a mass phenomenon, both welcomed and encouraged and at the same time carefully monitored and curbed by portions of the political establishment. Unlike the previous upsurge of Russian nationalism, that which occurred during World War II and the immediate postwar years, this one was not initiated from above, by the top leader or leadership, but from below, by discontented citizens and concerned elites. Also unlike the Russian nationalism of Stalin's day, the contemporary movement has to a significant extent been aimed at fundamentally altering official policies and values. It is the contention of this essay that this widespread, sustained expression of intense Russian nationalist sentiment, the orientation of much of this sentiment against the political and ideological status quo in the USSR, and the high-level support which manifestations of this sentiment have received, have major implications for the stability of the Soviet political system. After indicating what is meant by the terms "political stability" and "nationalism," the essay will provide a brief chronological account of the Russian nationalist movement.
    [Show full text]
  • THE RISE and FALL of the BLACK HUNDRED by Jacob Langer Department of History Duke Univers
    CORRUPTION AND THE COUNTERREVOLUTION: THE RISE AND FALL OF THE BLACK HUNDRED by Jacob Langer Department of History Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Marty Miller, Supervisor ___________________________ Donald Raleigh ___________________________ Warren Lerner ___________________________ Alex Roland Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History in the Graduate School of Duke University 2007 ABSTRACT CORRUPTION AND THE COUNTERREVOLUTION: THE RISE AND FALL OF THE BLACK HUNDRED by Jacob Langer Department of History Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Marty Miller, Supervisor ___________________________ Donald Raleigh ___________________________ Warren Lerner ___________________________ Alex Roland An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History in the Graduate School of Duke University 2007 Copyright by Jacob Langer 2007 Abstract This dissertation analyzes the ideology and activities of the Black Hundred movement at the end of the Imperial period in Russia (1905-1917). It seeks to explain the reasons for the sudden, rapid expansion of Black Hundred organizations in 1905, as well as the causes of their decline, which began just two years after their appearance. It further attempts to elucidate the complex relationship between the Black Hundred and Russian authorities, including the central government and local officials. The problem is approached by offering two distinct perspectives on the Black Hundred. First, a broad overview of the movement is presented. The focus here is on the headquarter branches of Black Hundred organizations in St. Petersburg, but these chapters also look at the activities of many different provincial branches, relating trends in the provinces to events in the center in order to draw conclusions about the nature of the overall movement.
    [Show full text]