Whiskey Rebellion
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The History of the American Revolution, Vol. 1 [1789]
The Online Library of Liberty A Project Of Liberty Fund, Inc. David Ramsay, The History of the American Revolution, vol. 1 [1789] The Online Library Of Liberty Collection This E-Book (PDF format) is published by Liberty Fund, Inc., a private, non-profit, foundation established to encourage study of the ideal of a society of free and responsible individuals. It is part of the Online Library of Liberty web site http://oll.libertyfund.org, which was established in 2004 in order to further the educational goals of Liberty Fund, Inc. To find out more about the author or title, to use the site's powerful search engine, or to see other titles in other formats (HTML, facsimile PDF), please visit the OLL web site. This title is also part of the Portable Library of Liberty DVD which contains over 900 books and other material and is available free of charge upon request. The cuneiform inscription that appears in the logo and serves as a design element in all Liberty Fund books and Web sites is the earliest-known written appearance of the word “freedom” (amagi), or “liberty.” It is taken from a clay document written about 2300 B.C. in the Sumerian city-state of Lagash. To find out more about Liberty Fund, Inc., or the Online Library of Liberty Project, please contact the Director at [email protected]. LIBERTY FUND, INC. 8335 Allison Pointe Trail, Suite 300 Indianapolis, Indiana 46250-1684 Online Library of Liberty: The History of the American Revolution, vol. 1 Edition Used: The History of the American Revolution, Foreword by Lester H. -
Do You Know Where This
The SAR Colorguardsman National Society, Sons of the American Revolution Vol. 6 No. 3 Oct 2017 Inside This Issue From the Commander From the Vice-Commander Ad Hoc Committee Update Do you Firelock Drill positions Color Guard Commanders SAR Vigil at Mt Vernon know where Reports from the Field - 13 Societies Congress Color Guard Breakfast this is? Change of Command Ring Ritual Color Guardsman of the Year National Historic Sites Calendar Color Guard Events 2017 The SAR Colorguardsman Page 2 The purpose of this Commander’s Report Magazine is to It has been a very active two month period since the Knoxville Congress in provide July. I have had the honor of commanding the Color Guard at the Installation interesting Banquet in Knoxville, at the Commemoration of the Battle of Blue Licks in articles about the Kentucky, at the Fall Leadership Meeting in Louisville,the grave markings of Revolutionary War and Joshua Jones and George Vest, and at the Anniversary of the Battle of Kings Mountain in South Carolina. information regarding the I have also approved 11 medals - 6 Molly Pitcher Medals and 5 Silver Color activities of your chapter Guard Medals. Please review the Color Guard Handbook for the qualifica- tions for these medals as well as the National Von Steuben Medal for Sus- and/or state color guards tained Activity. The application forms for these can be found on the National website. THE SAR The following goals have been established for the National Color Guard COLORGUARDSMAN for 2017 to 2018: The SAR Colorguardsman is 1) Establish published safety protocols and procedures with respect to Color Guard conduct published four times a year and use of weaponry at events. -
Summer 2020 REDO for Online.Indd
Summer 2020 REVISED Summer 2020 at | cmu.edu/osher w CONSIDER A GIFT TO OSHER To make a contribution to the Osher 4.0 Capital Project, please call the office at 412.268.7489, go through the Osher website with a credit card, or mail a check to the office. All checks must be made payable to: "Carnegie Mellon University," with a memo of "Osher 4.0 Capital Project". Thank you in advance for your generosity. BOARD OF DIRECTORS CURRICULUM COMMITTEE OFFICE STAFF Jim Reitz, President Gary Bates Lyn Decker, Executive Director Allan Hribar, Vice-President Lester Berkowitz Olivia McCann, Administrator / Programs Jan Hawkins, Secretary John Brown Chelsea Prestia, Administrator / Publications Marcia Taylor, Treasurer Maureen Brown Kate Lehman, Administrator / General Office John Olmsted, Past President Flip Conti Ann Augustine Jan Davis Rosalie Barsotti Lyn Decker CATALOG EDITORS Gary Bates Mary Duquin Chelsea Prestia, Editor Jeffrey Holst Anna Estop Olivia McCann Ann Isaac Byron Gottfried Helen-Faye Rosenblum Raja Sooriamurthi Marilyn Maiello Rosalyn Treger Jeffrey Swoger Enid Miller Kate Lehman Randy Weinberg Helen-Faye Rosenblum Mark Winer Judy Rubinstein CONTACT INFORMATION Rochelle Steiner Osher Lifelong Learning Institute Jeffrey Swoger Carnegie Mellon University Rebecca Culyba, Randy Weinberg Associate Provost 4614 Wean Hall and University Liaison 5000 Forbes Avenue Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3815 Please include your return address on all mail sent to the Osher office. Phone: 412.268.7489 Email: [email protected] Website: cmu.edu/osher ON THE COVER Though the Gates and Hillman Centers usually provide a space for intellectual stimulation, the outdoor volleyball court allows for a sense of relaxation and rejuvenation for the CMU community. -
Tim H. Blessing Alvernia College Sseptember 21, 1791, Governor
THE LEWISTOWN RIOTS, 1791-1793: A MICRO-ANALYTIC APPROACH Tim H. Blessing Alvernia College SSeptember 21, 1791, Governor Thomas Mifflin notified the Pennsylvania Assembly of riots in the center of the state so seri- ous that he intended to "exert the Constitutional powers of the Executive" to bring the riots "against the government" [emphasis addedi to an end.' Indicating his belief that he might have to use the force of arms to stop the riots, he also told the legislature that he was "confident ... that any legislative aid [that] may be want- ing ... you will cheerfully and liberally afford." Mifflin's address to the legislature reflected his response to communications received from Judge Thomas Smith of Carlisle (presiding judge of the Fourth Judicial District) regarding a riot against the courts of Mifflin County. These communications apparently were based on a report from Mifflin County's State Attorney, John Clark.2 Clark had reported to Smith that over the course of three days, at least three of the official militias of the county, led by their elected colonels and perhaps a state judge, had attacked the courthouse, harassed officials, attempted a jailbreak, and PENNSYLVANIA HISTORY: A JOURNAL OF MID-ATLANTIC STUDIES, VOL. 7 1, NO. 3, 2004. Copyright © 2004 The Pennsylvania Historical Association PENNSYLVANIA HISTORY eventually brought court proceedings to a halt. Another county militia had, on the second day of the riots, marched into Lewistown (the county seat) with the intention of defending the government and its officials against the other militias. In short, with three or more state militias at bayonet point with each other and with state officials, the governor had every reason to believe that the center of the state was dissolving in chaos and violence. -
THE Whiskey Insurrection of 1794 Long Has Been Regarded As One of the Decisive Events in Early American History
THE WHISKEY INSURRECTION: A RE-EVALUATION By JACOB E. COOKE* THE Whiskey Insurrection of 1794 long has been regarded as one of the decisive events in early American history. But on the question of why it was significant there has been a century and a half of disagreement. Fortunately for the historian, how- ever, there have not been many interpretations; indeed, there have been only two. And, as anyone would guess, these have been the Federalist and the anti-Federalist, the Hamiltonian and the Jeffersonian. It is not the purpose of this paper to describe the fluctuating historical reputations of Jefferson and Hamilton; at one period of time (say, *the Jacksonian era) Jefferson was in the ascendancy; at another time (say, the post-Civil War period) Hamilton crowded Jefferson out of the American historical hall of fame. But for the past half-century and longer, the interpretation that our historians have given to the American past has been predi- cated on a Jeffersonian bias, and the Whiskey Insurrection is no exception. The generally accepted interpretation of the Whiskey Insur- rection reads something like this: In March, 1791, under the prodding of Alexander Hamilton and against the opposition of the Westerners and some Southerners, Congress levied an excise tax on whiskey. This measure was an integral part of Hamilton's financial plan, a plan which was designed to soak the farmer and to spare the rich. There was sporadic opposition to the excise in several parts of the country, but the seat of opposition was in the four western counties of Pennsylvania. -
Peter Stephen Du Ponceau Collection 1781-1844 Mss.B.D92p
Peter Stephen Du Ponceau Collection 1781-1844 Mss.B.D92p American Philosophical Society 2004 105 South Fifth Street Philadelphia, PA, 19106 215-440-3400 [email protected] Peter Stephen DuPonceau Collection 1781-1844 Mss.B.D92p Table of Contents Summary Information ................................................................................................................................. 3 Background note ......................................................................................................................................... 5 Scope & content ..........................................................................................................................................6 Administrative Information .........................................................................................................................7 Related Materials ........................................................................................................................................ 7 Indexing Terms ........................................................................................................................................... 8 Other Descriptive Information ..................................................................................................................10 Collection Inventory ..................................................................................................................................12 Peter Stephen Du Ponceau Collection................................................................................................. -
"Old Wagoner" By
The "Old Wagoner" By: Padraic Garrett Hennessey Spirit of St. Louis Chapter of the Missouri Society Born in 1736 in Hunterdon County, NJ, Daniel Morgan suffered an unpleasant childhood and left home at seventeen for Winchester, VA. Illiterate and often drunk, Morgan gambled and fought. Morgan eventually became a wagoner transporting goods between the frontier and the market. Morgan's experiences, knowledge of the land and logistics earned him the nickname "Old Wagoner." When the French and Indian War began, Morgan's wagons transported supplies up and down the frontier battle lines. On one occasion, he aggravated a British officer, who hit Morgan with the flat of his sword. Morgan retaliated, knocking out the officer with one swipe of his fist. The British sentenced Morgan to receive 500 lashes, but the person whipping him miscounted and Morgan only received 499 lashes. Morgan endured the lashing, though with pieces of flesh hanging in strips from his back. Later, Morgan said he "owed good old King George one more." The officer who initiated the fight realized he was wrong, and he made a public apology. Morgan forgave him, but not Britain as he suffered from sciatica for the remainder of his life. Later in the war, a bullet passed through the back of Morgan's neck, knocking out all of the teeth on the left side of his jaw, and exiting his cheek. Miraculously, the bullet did not injure his jaw. It was the only wound Morgan would ever suffer in military service. After the war, Morgan retired and married. When the Revolution started, Morgan joined the army as captain of a rifle company, "Morgan's Riflemen." The technology of their rifles, which were more accurate and lighter than muskets, set Morgan's men apart. -
Pennsylvania Magazine of HISTORY and BIOGRAPHY
THE Pennsylvania Magazine OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY John Swanwick: Spokesman for "Merchant-Republicanism ' In Philadelphia, 1790-179 8 HE literature on the era of Jeffersonian democracy is largely- dominated by the great triumvirate of Thomas Jefferson, TJames Madison, and Albert Gallatin.* During the last dec- ade, however, historians have been paying more attention to state and local political leaders who played significant roles in the Demo- cratic-Republican movement.1 Among the more notable second-rank * In a somewhat abbreviated form this article was presented as a paper at the annual meeting of the Pennsylvania Historical Association held at Williamsport, Pa., on Oct. 22-23, 1971. The author wishes to express his gratitude to his colleague, Bernard Sternsher, for his helpful editorial suggestions. 1 Historians have given most of their attention to secondary Federalists, but since i960 the number of modern scholarly biographies of less prominent Republicans has increased. We now have first-rate biographies on Robert R. Livingston, David Rittenhouse, Aaron Burr, Daniel D. Tompkins, John Breckinridge, Luther Martin, Benjamin Rush (2), Samuel Smith, and James Monroe. There are also a number of good unpublished doctoral dissertations. Among the more notable studies are those on Elkanah Watson, Simon Snyder, Mathew Carey, Samuel Latham Mitchell, Melancton Smith, Levi Woodbury, William Lowndes, William Duane, William Jones (2), Eleazer Oswald, Thomas McKean, Levi Lincoln, Ephraim Kirby, and John Nicholson. Major biographies of Tench Coxe by Jacob E. Cooke, of John Beckley by Edmund Berkeley, and of Thomas McKean by John M. Coleman and Gail Stuart Rowe are now in progress. 131 132 ROLAND M. -
Continental Army: Valley Forge Encampment
REFERENCES HISTORICAL REGISTRY OF OFFICERS OF THE CONTINENTAL ARMY T.B. HEITMAN CONTINENTAL ARMY R. WRIGHT BIRTHPLACE OF AN ARMY J.B. TRUSSELL SINEWS OF INDEPENDENCE CHARLES LESSER THESIS OF OFFICER ATTRITION J. SCHNARENBERG ENCYCLOPEDIA OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION M. BOATNER PHILADELPHIA CAMPAIGN D. MARTIN AMERICAN REVOLUTION IN THE DELAWARE VALLEY E. GIFFORD VALLEY FORGE J.W. JACKSON PENNSYLVANIA LINE J.B. TRUSSELL GEORGE WASHINGTON WAR ROBERT LECKIE ENCYLOPEDIA OF CONTINENTAL F.A. BERG ARMY UNITS VALLEY FORGE PARK MICROFILM Continental Army at Valley Forge GEN GEORGE WASHINGTON Division: FIRST DIVISION MG CHARLES LEE SECOND DIVISION MG THOMAS MIFFLIN THIRD DIVISION MG MARQUES DE LAFAYETTE FOURTH DIVISION MG BARON DEKALB FIFTH DIVISION MG LORD STIRLING ARTILLERY BG HENRY KNOX CAVALRY BG CASIMIR PULASKI NJ BRIGADE BG WILLIAM MAXWELL Divisions were loosly organized during the encampment. Reorganization in May and JUNE set these Divisions as shown. KNOX'S ARTILLERY arrived Valley Forge JAN 1778 CAVALRY arrived Valley Forge DEC 1777 and left the same month. NJ BRIGADE departed Valley Forge in MAY and rejoined LEE'S FIRST DIVISION at MONMOUTH. Previous Division Commanders were; MG NATHANIEL GREENE, MG JOHN SULLIVAN, MG ALEXANDER MCDOUGEL MONTHLY STRENGTH REPORTS ALTERATIONS Month Fit For Duty Assigned Died Desert Disch Enlist DEC 12501 14892 88 129 25 74 JAN 7950 18197 0 0 0 0 FEB 6264 19264 209 147 925 240 MAR 5642 18268 399 181 261 193 APR 10826 19055 384 188 116 1279 MAY 13321 21802 374 227 170 1004 JUN 13751 22309 220 96 112 924 Totals: 70255 133787 1674 968 1609 3714 Ref: C.M. -
Artist, Attorney Present Two Views of the Innocence Project by Beth Orbison, Esq
the side bar THE NEWSLETTER OF THE WESTMORELAND BAR ASSOCIATION VOLUME XXI, NUMBER 4 AUGUST 2009 Wrongful Convictions Artist, Attorney Present Two Views of The Innocence Project by Beth Orbison, Esq. is a series of breathtaking portraits done in an rongful expressionistic style that convictions are depicts the complicated, W not isolated, emotional landscapes of rare events. Innocent men who have suffered people languishing in years of incarceration prison or worse—being put for crimes they did not to death for crimes they did commit. In doing these not commit—should be paintings for the exhibit— intolerable to everyone,” simply entitled “Resurrected” says Dan Bolick about why in the Walsh Gallery at the he was inspired to paint Westmoreland Museum larger-than-life portraits of until September 6, 2009— ten wrongfully convicted L Bolick wanted to humanize men who were exonerated Artist Daniel Bolick and Innocence Project Staff Attorney Craig the men, literally giving a as a result of the efforts of Cooley were the featured speakers at the WBA Summer Quarterly face to their plight, and to The Innocence Project. Meeting held at the Westmoreland Museum of American Art in July. demonstrate that this could The Innocence Project is happen to anyone. an organization dedicated to using the meeting at the Westmoreland Museum Mr. Cooley, a native of Plum latest scientific evidence to exonerate of American Art where featured Borough in Allegheny County, is wrongfully convicted men and women. speakers—artist Daniel Bolick and one of six full-time staff attorneys who Founded in 1992 by Barry C. Scheck Craig M. -
The Approaching Death of the Collective Right Theory of the Second Amendment
Duquesne Law Review Volume 39 Number 1 Article 5 2000 The Approaching Death of the Collective Right Theory of the Second Amendment Roger I. Roots Follow this and additional works at: https://dsc.duq.edu/dlr Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Roger I. Roots, The Approaching Death of the Collective Right Theory of the Second Amendment, 39 Duq. L. Rev. 71 (2000). Available at: https://dsc.duq.edu/dlr/vol39/iss1/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Duquesne Scholarship Collection. It has been accepted for inclusion in Duquesne Law Review by an authorized editor of Duquesne Scholarship Collection. The Approaching Death of the Collective Right Theory of the Second Amendment Roger L Roots* INTRODUCTION The Second Amendment reads: "A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed."' To most Americans, this language guarantees an individual right to keep and bear arms,2 in accordance with what is generally accepted as the plain language of the Amendment. 3 However, a rival interpretation of this language - the "collective right" theory of the Second Amendment,4 - has gained numerous converts in the federal judiciary' and the organized legal profession. 6 The collective right, * The author, Roger Isaac Roots, J.D., graduated from Roger Williams University School of Law in 1999 and Montana State University-Billings (B.S., Sociology) in 1995. He is the founder of the Prison Crisis Project, a not-for-profit prison and criminal justice law and policy think tank based in Providence, Rhode Island. -
The Trial of David Bradford by William Cameron © 2019 Page | 1 (A
The Trial of David Bradford by William Cameron © 2019 P a g e | 1 (A courtroom. The actor portraying Daniel REDICK, in plain contemporary dress, addresses the audience.) REDICK David Bradford got away. The Whiskey Rebellion’s notorious leader escaped and never faced trial for his allegedly treasonous actions during the Insurrection of 1794. According to the tale that everyone tells but no one believes, David Bradford was enjoying the comforts of his palatial home, perhaps enjoying a whiskey, when word came that a cavalry unit with orders to arrest him was just outside the gate. Our intrepid protagonist leapt from a rear second-story window onto his faithful steed who, by some miracle, was not only saddled up and ready to go, but knew just where to stand. David then rode off into the autumn night, the cavalry hot on his trail but clearly no match for his superior horsemanship. (The actor begins to don his costume—suitable for a prominent attorney in 1795 America.) It’s nonsense, of course. In truth, Bradford left town in a most unhurried fashion and traveled in relative comfort on a coal barge down the Ohio River. I’m sure it was a most pleasant voyage. (Beat, as the actor dons his wig, continues to prepare.) I like to believe David Bradford made up that first story himself. It does allow him a mythical status that, perhaps, he deserves. Of course, he could’ve secured that status in another way, and that is what brings us here this evening. Let’s imagine, shall we, that, oh…say, when David Bradford leapt from that rear window, his horse wasn’t quite so accommodating, and the poor man ended up on his seditious backside in the rose bushes.