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Exegesis, Empire and Eschatology: Reading Orosius’ Histories Against the Pagans in the Carolingian World
Graeme Ward Exegesis, Empire and Eschatology: Reading Orosius’ Histories Against the Pagans in the Carolingian World This essay seeks to uncover nuggets of eschatological thought in three Carolingian commentaries on the Gospel of Matthew. It does so by examining the different ways that Hrabanus Maurus, Paschasius Radbertus and Christian of Stavelot read and in- terpreted Orosius’ Seven Books of Histories Against the Pagans, a work of Christian apologetic history composed c. 417. Orosius’ Histories, which were hugely influential throughout the whole of the Middle Ages, typically have been seen as expressing a dis- tinctly eschatological understanding of the Roman Empire, an understanding that is frequently contrasted with that of Orosius’ teacher and dedicatee: Augustine of Hippo. The exegetical reception of Orosius, which has not yet been subject to close scrutiny, reveals that some ninth-century intellectuals did not use Orosius to show that the du- ration of the world was bound to the lifespan of the Roman Empire. Rather, they em- ployed the Histories as an authoritative account of the beginnings of the ecclesia, the Christian Church. These biblical exegetes fashioned close intertextual bonds between Orosius’ narrative and Matthew’s account of the birth of Christ. By bringing Orosius into dialogue with the central narrative of Christianity, they invested the Histories with eschatological meaning. 1 Introduction Eschatological thought permeated all forms of Christian practice and belief in the Middle Ages, not least because it was written into the scriptural core of Christianity: the books of the Old and New Testaments.1 Consequently, biblical exegesis – that is, the interpretation of the various books of the Bible – comprised a particularly im- portant medium through which ideas about Last Things were communicated to me- dieval monks and clerics, and perhaps also lay people too. -
On Conversion to Christianity, Issues Concerning Kurds and Post-2009 Election Protestors As Well As Legal Issues and Exit Procedures
2/2013 ENG Iran On Conversion to Christianity, Issues concerning Kurds and Post-2009 Election Protestors as well as Legal Issues and Exit Procedures Joint report from the Danish Immigration Service, the Norwegian LANDINFO and Danish Refugee Council’s fact-finding mission to Tehran, Iran, Ankara, Turkey and London, United Kingdom 9 November to 20 November 2012 and 8 January to 9 January 2013 Copenhagen, February 2013 Danish Refugee Council LANDINFO Danish Immigration Service Borgergade 10, 3rd floor Storgata 33a, PB 8108 Dep. Ryesgade 53 1300 Copenhagen K 0032 Oslo 2100 Copenhagen Ø Phone: 00 45 33 73 50 00 Phone: +47 23 30 94 70 Phone: 00 45 35 36 66 00 Web: www.drc.dk Web: www.landinfo.no Web: www.newtodenmark.dk E-mail:[email protected] E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Overview of Danish fact finding reports published in 2012 and 2013 Update (2) On Entry Procedures At Kurdistan Regional Government Checkpoints (Krg); Residence Procedures In Kurdistan Region Of Iraq (Kri) And Arrival Procedures At Erbil And Suleimaniyah Airports (For Iraqis Travelling From Non-Kri Areas Of Iraq), Joint Report of the Danish Immigration Service/UK Border Agency Fact Finding Mission to Erbil and Dahuk, Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI), conducted 11 to 22 November 2011 2012: 1 Security and human rights issues in South-Central Somalia, including Mogadishu, Report from Danish Immigration Service’s fact finding mission to Nairobi, Kenya and Mogadishu, Somalia, 30 January to 19 February 2012 2012: 2 Afghanistan, Country of Origin Information for Use in the -
A Comparative Study of the Hermeneutics of Henri De Lubac and Hans-Georg Gadamer Concerning Tradition, Community and Faith in Th
THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA A Comparative Study of the Hermeneutics of Henri de Lubac and Hans-Georg Gadamer Concerning Tradition, Community and Faith in the Interpretation of Scripture A DISSERTATION Submitted to the Faculty of the School of Theology and Religious Studies Of The Catholic University of America In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy © Copyright All Rights Reserved By Eric Joseph Jenislawski Washington, DC 2016 A Comparative Study of the Hermeneutics of Henri de Lubac and Hans-Georg Gadamer Concerning Tradition, Community and Faith in the Interpretation of Scripture Eric Joseph Jenislawski Director: John T. Ford, CSC, S.T.D. ABSTRACT This dissertation investigates and compares the hermeneutics of the French Jesuit theologian, Henri de Lubac (1896-1991), and the German philosopher, Hans-Georg Gadamer (1900-2001). The writings of both Gadamer and de Lubac continue to generate scholarly investigation, including proposals to apply their insights to contemporary biblical interpretation. Although de Lubac and Gadamer were contemporaries, they never directly engaged each other’s writings; this dissertation brings their thought into dialogue. Chapter One provides a biographical overview of the lives of both scholars by situating the texts that will be examined within the broader context of each work. Since de Lubac approached the subject of biblical interpretation chiefly as an historian of exegesis, the first step in this comparative investigation is a formulation of de Lubac’s hermeneutical principles. Chapter Two, which constitutes the major portion of this dissertation, analyzes de Lubac’s works Catholicisme, Histoire et Esprit, Exégèse médiévale, and La Postérité spirituelle de Joachim de Flore in view of understanding his hermeneutics. -
Lenten Devotions, March 27
Faithful unto Death: The Testimony of Iranian Martyrs Amir Montazami, his wife Fereshteh Dibaj, and their daughter Christine (Photo courtesy, Elam Ministries, 2006) Yesterday I shared the story of Iranian Christian martyr Bishop Haik Hovsepian Mehr. I also mentioned the friend for whom he, a persecuted Christian himself, became an advocate: Mehdi Dibaj. Today I want to tell you more about Pastor Dibaj himself and his legacy. Those of us in the West, who worship in freedom, can hardly imagine what it is like to have one after another of your church leaders disappear and be murdered. But this is what happened in Iran. Christians in Nigeria, Pakistan, India, China, and elsewhere can relate to what the Church in Iran went through and still experiences. When Bishop Haik spoke up for Dibaj, the pastor had already been under death sentence for apostasy in prison for over nine years. As I revealed yesterday, Haik’s public intercession and advocacy for Dibaj resulted in both Dibaj’s release from imminent execution and Haik’s murder. Dibaj was with his family that had waited for him for so long. Then on June 24, he disappeared on his way home from a Christian retreat in Karaj, a little northwest of Tehran. He was expected in time for his daughter Fereshteh’s sixteenth birthday party, but never showed up. Iranian Christians were still reeling from Dibaj’s disappearance when another church leader, the Reverend Tateos Michaelian, was abducted on June 29. Michaelian, senior pastor of St. John Armenian Evangelical Church (Presbyterian Church of Iran), had taken over as president of the Council of Evangelical Ministers when Haik was murdered. -
Jairus's Daughter and the Haemorrhaging Woman
Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament Herausgeber / Editor Jörg Frey (Zürich) Mitherausgeber / Associate Editors Markus Bockmuehl (Oxford) · James A. Kelhoffer (Uppsala) Tobias Nicklas (Regensburg) · Janet Spittler (Charlottesville, VA) J. Ross Wagner (Durham, NC) 421 Arie W. Zwiep Jairus’s Daughter and the Haemorrhaging Woman Tradition and Interpretation of an Early Christian Miracle Story Mohr Siebeck Arie W. Zwiep, born 1964; 1996 Ph.D. from Durham University; currently Associate Professor of New Testament and Hermeneutics at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, director of the Graduate School of Religion and Theology. orcid.org/ 0000-0003-0126-1563 ISBN 978-3-16-157560-0 / eISBN 978-3-16-157561-7 DOI 10.1628/ 978-3-16-157561-7 ISSN 0512-1604 / eISSN 2568-7476 (Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament) The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliographie; detailed bibliographic data are available at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2019 Mohr Siebeck Tübingen, Germany. www.mohrsiebeck.com This book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, in any form (beyond that permitted by copyright law) without the publisher’s written permission. This applies particularly to repro- ductions, translations and storage and processing in electronic systems. The book was printed on non-aging paper by Gulde Druck in Tübingen and bound by Buch- binderei Spinner in Ottersweier. Printed in Germany. In memory of Tjitze Baarda (1932–2017), δοῦλος ἀγαθὸς καὶ πιστός, whose scholarship and faith have been a source of inspiration for many years Preface This book is the result of a long-standing fascination of mine (not to say, obsession) with a well-known episode from the Synoptic Gospels, the story of the raising of Jairus’s daughter and the intervening incident with the un- named woman who had suffered from haemorrhages and was instantane- ously healed by Jesus (Mark 5:21–43; Matt 9:18–26; Luke 8:40–56). -
Historical Survey of Hermeneutics and Homiletics: a Summative Paper
HISTORICAL SURVEY OF HERMENEUTICS AND HOMILETICS: A SUMMATIVE PAPER by Charles E. Handren B.A., California Baptist University, 1995 M.Div., American Baptist Seminary of the West, 1999 A POST-COURSE ASSIGNMENT FOR MN 9101-01 HISTORICAL SURVEY OF HERMENEUTICS AND HOMILETICS Submitted to the faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF MINISTRY Concentration in Preaching at Trinity Evangelical Divinity School Deerfield, Illinois June, 2013 HISTORICAL SURVEY OF HERMENEUTICS AND HOMILETICS: A SUMMATIVE PAPER In the spring of 2011, I took a Doctor of Ministry course at Trinity Evangelical Divinity School entitled, “Hermeneutics and Homiletics.” One of the required readings was Dennis Johnson’s fine work, Him We Proclaim: Preaching Christ from all the Scriptures. Part one of this book, and particularly chapter four, provides an overview of the history of hermeneutics and homiletics which both aided my understanding of the subject and exposed a significant gap in my knowledge. Specifically, Johnson helped me to see how little I knew about the interpretation and proclamation of the Bible over the last twenty centuries, and how significant a bearing this history has on current issues and debates. Since my Doctor of Ministry concentration is preaching, I thought this gap unacceptable and thus requested an independent reading course which was eventually entitled, “Historical Survey of Hermeneutics and Homiletics.” I set two objectives for the course. First, I aimed to develop a broad and general understanding of the history of the relationship between hermeneutics and homiletics in the Christian church. I have fulfilled this aim by reading a little over five-thousand pages of secondary material, and by building a basic mental framework which now needs to be clarified, strengthened, and built out. -
Economic and Social Council
UNITED NATIONS E Economic and Social Distr. GENERAL Council E/CN.4/1996/95/Add.2 9 February 1996 ENGLISH Original: FRENCH COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS Fifty-second session Item 18 of the provisional agenda IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DECLARATION ON THE ELIMINATION OF ALL FORMS OF INTOLERANCE AND OF DISCRIMINATION BASED ON RELIGION OR BELIEF Report submitted by Mr. Abdelfattah Amor, Special Rapporteur, in accordance with Commission on Human Rights resolution 1995/23 Addendum Visit by the Special Rapporteur to the Islamic Republic of Iran CONTENTS Paragraphs Page Introduction ...................... 1-4 3 I. LEGISLATION IN THE FIELD OF TOLERANCE AND NON-DISCRIMINATION BASED ON RELIGION OR BELIEF ................ 5-22 3 A. Constitutional provisions and concerns of the Special Rapporteur .......... 5-20 3 1. Islamic criteria provided for by the Iranian Constitution ....... 5-6 3 2. Official religion ............ 7-9 4 3. Situation of minorities ......... 10-20 4 B. Other legal provisions and concerns of the Special Rapporteur - Conversion ..... 21-22 6 GE.96-10630 (E) E/CN.4/1996/95/Add.2 page 2 CONTENTS (continued) Paragraphs Page II. IMPLEMENTATION OF LEGISLATION AND POLICY IN THE FIELD OF TOLERANCE AND NON-DISCRIMINATION BASED ON RELIGION OR BELIEF ............... 23-85 7 A. Situation of recognized religious minorities .................. 23-53 7 1. Non-Muslim minorities .......... 25-46 7 2. Sunni Muslim minority .......... 47-53 11 B. Situation of other non-Muslim minorities . 54 - 85 12 1. Situation of the Baha’is ........ 55-70 13 2. Situation of the Protestants ...... 71-85 17 III. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .......... 86-118 20 E/CN.4/1996/95/Add.2 page 3 Introduction 1. -
Background Paper on Refugees and Asylum Seekers from Iran
NATIONS UNIES UNITED NATIONS HAUT COMMISSARIAT HIGH COMMISSIONER POUR LES REFUGIES FOR REFUGEES BACKGROUND PAPER ON REFUGEES AND ASYLUM SEEKERS FROM IRAN UNHCR CENTRE FOR DOCUMENTATION ON REFUGEES GENEVA, OCTOBER 1995 THIS INFORMATION PAPER WAS PREPARED IN THE COUNTRY INFORMATION UNIT OF THE CENTRE FOR DOCUMENTATION ON REFUGEES ON THE BASIS OF PUBLICLY AVAILABLE INFORMATION, ANALYSIS AND COMMENT, AND IN COLLABORATION WITH THE UNHCR STATISTICS UNIT. ALL SOURCES ARE CITED. THIS PAPER IS NOT, AND DOES NOT PURPORT TO BE, FULLY EXHAUSTIVE WITH REGARD TO CONDITIONS IN THE COUNTRY SURVEYED, OR CONCLUSIVE AS TO THE MERITS OF ANY PARTICULAR CLAIM TO REFUGEE STATUS OR ASYLUM. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Asylum Seekers in Europe 3 1.1 Introduction 3 1.2 Overall Trends in Asylum Applications 3 1.3 Trends in Convention Status Recognition 4 1.4 Trends in Non-Convention Recognitions 4 1.5 Iranian Refugees and Asylum Seekers 4 1.6 Trends in Iranian Convention Status Recognitions 5 1.7 Trends in Iranians Allowed to Remain for Humanitarian Reasons 5 2. Iranians in Neighboring Countries 6 3. Internal Situation in Iran 6 3.1 Recent Developments 6 3.2 Iranian Security Forces 8 3.3 Political Parties 10 4. Human Rights Concerns 13 4.1 International and National Legal Framework 13 4.2 General Respect for Human Rights 14 4.3 The Situation of Ethnic Minorities 18 4.4 The Situation of Religious Minorities 21 4.5 The Situation of Women 25 Bibliography 27 2 1. REFUGEES AND ASYLUM SEEKERS IN EUROPE 1.1 Introduction This section provides a statistical overview of refugees and asylum-seekers in Western Europe1 in general and of refugees and asylum-seekers from Iran in particular. -
Religious Persecution in the Middle East; Faces of the Persecuted
S. HRG. 105±352 RELIGIOUS PERSECUTION IN THE MIDDLE EAST; FACES OF THE PERSECUTED HEARINGS BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON NEAR EASTERN AND SOUTH ASIAN AFFAIRS OF THE COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS UNITED STATES SENATE ONE HUNDRED FIFTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION May 1 and June 10, 1997 Printed for the use of the Committee on Foreign Relations ( U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 40±890 CC WASHINGTON : 1998 COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS JESSE HELMS, North Carolina, Chairman RICHARD G. LUGAR, Indiana JOSEPH R. BIDEN, JR., Delaware PAUL COVERDELL, Georgia PAUL S. SARBANES, Maryland CHUCK HAGEL, Nebraska CHRISTOPHER J. DODD, Connecticut GORDON H. SMITH, Oregon JOHN F. KERRY, Massachusetts CRAIG THOMAS, Wyoming CHARLES S. ROBB, Virginia ROD GRAMS, Minnesota RUSSELL D. FEINGOLD, Wisconsin JOHN ASHCROFT, Missouri DIANNE FEINSTEIN, California BILL FRIST, Tennessee PAUL D. WELLSTONE, Minnesota SAM BROWNBACK, Kansas JAMES W. NANCE, Staff Director EDWIN K. HALL, Minority Staff Director SUBCOMMITTEE ON NEAR EASTERN AND SOUTH ASIAN AFFAIRS SAM BROWNBACK, Kansas, Chairman GORDON H. SMITH, Oregon CHARLES S. ROBB, Virginia ROD GRAMS, Minnesota DIANNE FEINSTEIN, California JESSE HELMS, North Carolina PAUL D. WELLSTONE, Minnesota JOHN ASHCROFT, Missouri PAUL S. SARBANES, Maryland 2 CONTENTS Page RELIGIOUS PERSECUTION IN THE MIDDLE EASTÐTHURSDAY, MAY 1, 1997 Coffey, Steven J., Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor ........................................................... 15 Phares, Dr. Walid, Professor of International -
Who Is a Jew? 30 Pages
Who is a Jew? 30 pages. In Romans 2:28, 29 Paul tells us who IS a Jew and who is NOT a Jew. God's answer to this question cannot be obtained by looking at one's genetics, but by the lawful requirements of citizenship in a tribe of Israel. This shows how those Jews who accepted Christ and all others who accept Him as King-Messiah have legally joined the tribe of Judah and are thus "Jews". On the other hand, those who have rejected Him are NOT Jews at all, because they have revolted against the King of Judah and have forfeited their citizenship in Judah. • Chapter 1: The Two Fig Trees of Judah • Chapter 2: Genealogical and Converted Jews Chapter 1 The Two Fig Trees of Judah There are essentially two definitions of the term “Jew.” There is man’s definition, and there is God’s definition. Of course, even Jews today have differences of opinion on how to define a Jew—whether it is a racial, cultural, or a religious term. Some argue that a person is a Jew if their mother is a Jew; others say a person is a Jew if either parent is one. There are also many “secular Jews,” who do not even believe in God, but share a cultural heritage. Religious Jews debate about whether these secular Jews are really Jews or not. Further, Judaism is divided into three main divisions: Orthodox, Reformed, and Conservative. Many claim that they must be of their denomination to be a true Jew. Such a debate is not much different from Christian denominations, many of whom do not recognize other sects as being true Christians. -
Read Excerpt
“Credibly documents what appears in Iran to be the greatest response to Christ among Muslims ever known in history! “From an analysis of recent political history and the efficacy of house churches, one can now understand why so many Iranians have bowed their knee to the Lord Jesus Christ.” – Greg Livingstone, founder of Frontiers mission agency and author of You’ve Got Libya “When I want to understand what is happening behind the opaque walls surrounding modern-day Iran, I always turn to Mark Bradley. Mark’s lucid writing and extraordinary research provide the reader with an unforgettable experience of seeing what God is doing and how He is at work giving birth to His kingdom today inside the Islamic Republic of Iran. I highly recommend to any follower of Jesus Christ, Mark’s latest book: Too Many to Jail.” – David Garrison, author, A Wind in the House of Islam “We have worked with Elam for many years. We feel privileged to have personal connection with some of those whose stories Mark tells, and count them our friends. It is a privilege to endorse this book.” – Stuart and Jill Briscoe “Without exception history proves that persecution always provides fertile soil for the growth of His church through the Gospel. Read and see this truth delineated in the story of Iran.” – Pastor Johnny Hunt, former President, Southern Baptist Convention “A precise, honest and informative account of ordeals of a growing (Muslim-background) Christian population inside Iran. This affirming message of perseverance, hope and faith will excite and challenge the reader… a must read.” – Dr. -
Rapporten «Tro, Håp Og Forfølgelse II» Viktige Og Velbegrunnede Innspill Til En Tryggere Og Mer Kvalifisert Behandling Av Konvertittsaker
Har kristne konvertitter fra Iran behov for beskyttelse? Tro, håp og forfølgelse II Ny, utvidet og oppdatert rapport. Tro, håp og forfølgelse II Har kristne konvertitter fra Iran behov for beskyttelse? Ny, utvidet og oppdatert rapport. DEN NORSKE KIRKE DEN NORSKE KIRKE Det aktuelle Bispemøtetmenighetsråd/fellesråd Det aktuelleMellomkirkelig menighetsråd/fellesråd råd Innhold FORORD............................................................................................................................................7 KART OVER IRAN............................................................................................................................8 AKRONYMER...................................................................................................................................9 SAMMENDRAG...............................................................................................................................10 1 INNLEDNING......................................................................................................................13 2 INTERNASJONALT LOVVERK OG NORSKE FORPLIKTELSER.....................................15 2.1 Religionsfrihet...............................................................................................................16 2.2 Retten til religionsfrihet...............................................................................................17 2.3 Retten til religionsutøvelse...........................................................................................18 2.4 Begrensning