New Chorological Data for Flora of the Pannonian Region of Serbia

Cent. Eur. J. Biol. • 3(4) • 2008 • 461–470 DOI: 10.2478/s11535-008-0036-3

Central European Journal of Biology

New chorological data for flora of the Pannonian region of Serbia

Research Article Dragiša Savić1, Goran Anačkov2*, Pal Boža2

1 National Park Fruška Gora, 21208 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia

2 Department for Biology and Ecology, Science-Mathematics Faculty, University in Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia

Received 26 November 2007; Accepted 2 June 2008

Abstract: The northern part of Serbia, known as Pannonian Serbia, is a lowland region. The autochthonous (indigenous) flora is classified as either steppe, forest-steppe, sand dune or salt flat. Most of the area has been developed agriculturally, thereby reducing the amount of land containing preserved habitats. The flora of this region was collected over a period of several years, supplying new data on the distribution of numerous plant species. The first data on the distribution of flora in Pannonian Serbia for Humulus scandens and Ophris scolopax subsp. Cornuta is presented in this study. The local regions cited were the first time precisely recorded regions were made after a period of over 100 years, for Cardamine impatiens, Monotropa hypopitys subsp. hypopitys, Ononis pusilla, Globularia punctata, Gymnadenia odoratissima and Carex brevicollis. The groups, Peucedanum carvifola and Galium tenuissimum, quite rare in the northern part of Serbia, were found at new localities. In order to present the data, the authors used the method of indirect mapping on UTM grid, with 10 x 10 km as the basic unit. This method is compatible with the edition Atlas Florae Europaeae. Keywords: Pannonian Plain • Flora • Mapping • UTM network

© Versita Warsaw and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

1. Introduction of Pannonian Serbia, the Fruška Gora (539 meters asl) and Vršačke Planine (641 meters asl). The island characteristics of solitary massifs in the Pannonian The northern part of Serbia, also called Pannonian Plain, combined with orographic factors, resulted in Serbia, is administrated by the Province of Vojvodina. the development of extrazonal forest vegetation of It consists of three regions: Banat, from the river Tisa a mesophilous character (Queercion pubescentis- eastwards to the Romanian border, Bačka, from the petraeae, Fagenion illyricum – Fruška Gora and Fagenion river Tisa westwards to the Croatian border, and Srem, dacicum – Vršačke Planine). In a biogeographical sense from the river Danube southwards to the administrative it represents one part of a specially defined Pannonian border of the Province within the Republic of Serbia province, a middle European Balkan-Illyrian subregion, (Figure 1). This region includes two biogeographical with middle European floristic-vegetation [1]. units. Most of the territory is covered with combinations Since the area has lowland character, and the of steppe (Festucion rupicolae), forest-steppe (Aceri pedological substrate is mostly the chernozem type of tatarici-Quercion) and sand dune (Festucion vaginatae) soil, a large percentage of the territory was turned into varieties, including the intrazonal halobiomes (Cypero- agricultural ecosystems with rather extensive farming. Spergularion, Puccinellion limosae and Puccinellion Several centuries of agricultural development caused peisonis) representing key features of the Pannonian the gradual disappearance of autochthonous habitats Province, Pannonian-Vlach subregion, Pontian floristic- of loess, sand or salty soils, which were diversified vegetation regions [1]. Two mountains stand out as centers of Pannonian flora, so today they are narrow, distinct geomorphologic units in the southern parts

* E-mail: [email protected] 461 New chorological data for flora of the Pannonian region of Serbia

Therefore, certain plant taxa, represented in other parts of Europe and the rest of the World in adequate numbers and quite viable populations, are not included in lists of endangered species, regardless of their status in other areas where they are an integral part of vulnerable ecosystems and the last oases of previously widespread flora and vegetation. Thus, the existing system for the preservation of such species demonstrates serious weakness, and if this problem is not addressed, they will disappear from their habitats. This kind of problem occurs in countries with high basic ecosystem diversity, such as Serbia. The population numbers and the state of populations of certain species, is determined at the state level and used as an indicator for initiation of habitat conservation. As a result, in certain parts of the country, some very valuable habitats and plant species end up not protected because the same species is Figure 1. Position of the Pannonian part of Serbia (Province of Vojvodina) in Europe, and the UTM network of zone 34T not threatened to the same degree in other parts of that includes the studied territory. the country. The fact that this practice is occurring in isolated regions. There is also evidence of considerable Europe, which has a well-developed botanical tradition, of invasive species into these already vulnerable is the cause of concern among botanical ecologists. ecosystems. The North American species - well-known in Chorological data presented in this paper Europe, Robinia pseudo-acacia L - is spreading without complements knowledge of the flora of preserved control, and is disrupting the composition of steppe and fragments of forest and forest-steppe vegetation in forest-steppe associations on loess and sands. Many the Southern borders of the Pannonian Plain. A very natural habitats in Pannonian Serbia are threatened important fact in selecting the taxa was that the newly by the spread of invasive weed species. Some of the recorded localities are included in the system, “Important species in the areas studied which had many invasive Plant Areas in Serbia” [7]. groups - with consequences already documented - are At the same time, the data complements the Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. [2], and Asclepias syriaca L. distribution maps as far as the published works of [3]. Atlas Florae Europaeae are concerned [8,9]. Data on As a consequence of all these factors, certain species­ the distribution of certain of the plants that have been - very important from a phytogeographic standpoint - have analyzed, either has not been included in Flora of Serbia disappeared from the flora of Pannonian part of Serbia. [10-12] or is an addition to data already collected. Flora At the same time, it has led to the reduction in floristic of Serbia includes data for the Pannonian part of Serbia diversity of the whole Pannonian Plain as a specific or drawn primarily from quite old literature, in either Latin, distinct geomorphologic and biogeographical unit in German and Hungarian languages [13-16] or edited Europe. For example, it has been several years since the editions of works [17] containing incorrect translations Pannonian endemic species Puccinellia peisonis (Beck) or data from localities outside of the Pannonian region Jáv. have been observed in saline habitats; it used to be of Serbia. These findings have to be considered in the one of the edifiers of the halophytic associations. Two species mapping of the Pannonian region of Serbia for species, Alyssum linifolium Steph ex Willd. and Salvia genera still not covered by Atlas Florae Europaeae. nutans L., have completely disappeared from Serbian habitats as they disappeared from their natural habitats in northern Serbia [4,5]. It is thought that the plant, 2. Experimental Procedures Astragalus varius S.G. Gmel., is now also absent from Serbia [6]. Chorological research of flora in the Pannonian region Disappearance of certain plant species from their of Serbia, during the last decade of the previous century natural habitats indicates the necessity of taking and the first decade of the current century, focused on measures in order to preserve them. The global the isolated fragments of preserved natural habitats. conservation systems often have not clearly defined Special attention was paid to the unique relationships in the relationships among the reduction of plant genes forest vegetation such as is the island mountain, Fruška found in specific regions such as the Pannonian Plain. Gora. Also, attention was paid to species that are

462 D. Savić, G. Anačkov, P. Boža

Fam. Cannabaceae Humulus scandens (Loureiro) Merr. 1935 H. japonicus Siebold et Zucc. Chorological data (Figure 2): UTM: 34T DR 2 01 Novi Sad, ruderal humid habitat at the bank of channel Danube-Tisa-Danube, leg., det. Boža P., Anačkov G., September 1999. (BUNS). Fam. Brassicaceae Cardamine impatiens L. 1753 C. brachycarpa Opiz. Chorological data (Figure 3): In Vojvodina (Pannonian part of Serbia) it is less common, without a definite locality or source of data 20[ ]. UTM: 34T CR 4 90 Testera (Fruška Gora), edge of polydominant Beech forests, leg., det. Boža P., June 1997. (BUNS); UTM: 34T DR 2 00 Iriški Venac (Fruška Gora), edge of forest, leg., det. Savić D., May 1997 (National Park Fruška Gora, herbarium collection); UTM: 34T CR 1 37 Island Lanc Siget near Bački Monoštor, leg. Grdinić B., det. Boža P., May 1995, (Teaching College in Sombor, herbarium collection).

Table 1. New Chorological data of Distribution in Pannonian Part of Serbia (Cannabaceae and Brassicaceae). allochthonous on the Pannonian plain, and are included incompatibility of applied methodology. The Pannonian in the association of allochthonous vegetation. The field Plain covers the territory of several countries of central research data covered the period between 1995 and Europe. It is a center of flora diversity, characterized 2007. This data was then added to data collected through by ecological and phytogeographical features, and it the revision of herbaria collections and previously is an area of invasive species originating from different unmapped data in the literature. Data on their range in continents. The Pannonian Plain is one of the most the Pannonian region of Serbia was compared to the endangered areas in Europe, as far as the introduction data on the distribution of taxa in Atlas Florae Europaeae of allochthonous species is concerned, particularly [8,9], as well as in Flora of Serbia [10-12]. Revision of because a majority of them are invasive. Two island the relevant herbaria material was performed at several mountains with their striking characteristics - remnants of Herbaria: the Herbarium of Department for Biology and the tertiary Pannonian sea islands - stand out as centers Ecology, Science-Mathematics Faculty, University in of flora diversity in the Pannonian Plain. The intrazonal Novi Sad, Serbia, acronym BUNS [18]; the Herbarium forest vegetation of the central European variety has collection of National Park Fruška Gora, Serbia; and the developed at these localities. Also, different types of Herbarium collection of Teaching College in Sombor, herbal meadow vegetation, steppe and mesophilous Serbia. The nomenclature and taxonomic status was meadows, have flourished. The area studied, the the same as in Flora of Europe [19,20]. mountain Fruška Gora, is the largest island mountain The mapping was performed by indirect method, of the Pannonian lowland, and one of the largest IPA using 10x10 km grid UTM maps of the eight 100 x 100 km areas in the Republic of Serbia [7]. For this reason, the squares at the UTM zone 34 T. The defined UTM codes data specifying the characteristics of this area, complete include coding for 100 x 100, 50 x 50 and 10 x 10 km the chorological data on the spread of certain species. (Figure 1), so the data is compatible to the methodology They are also very important, not only for research on used in mapping for Atlas Florae Europeae. For the the richness of national flora, but also for more complex presentation of data, the punctuating method was used. and wider research, since this area is very important as For the localities from which the species completely an IPA area in Europe. disappeared (ex), the symbol + was used. Humulus scandens (Table 1) originates from eastern Asia, Japan, China and the surrounding islands. It was introduced to Europe in 1886 as a decorative garden 3. Results and Discussion plant [27]. Now it is growing subspontaneously in Europe in northern Italy, Slovenia and Hungary [28], Slovakia International mapping systems of autochthonous and Romania. In the Hungarian plains, it is spreading flora, as well as recording systems of ecosystem as well as becoming acclimatized in certain localities it characteristics, are largely incomplete. On one hand, is [29]. The locality near Novi Sad (Figure 2) thus far is this disadvantage is caused by the unavailability of the southernmost point of distribution in the Pannonian certain data to national researchers of flora for Atlas Plain. As a subspontaneous plant it is presently in an Florae Europeae. On the other hand, it is based on the adjusting phase in our country, and it has the capacity of

463 New chorological data for flora of the Pannonian region of Serbia

distributed in Europe, except in the extreme south and on islands [35]. It is rare in the central parts of Hungarian plains [29]. It is very rare in the Pannonian part of Serbia. Until now, there was only one observation for Vršački Breg, from 1910 [24]. Since this record has not been substantiated recently [24,36,37], the only certain site for M. hypopitys subsp. hypopitys is on Fruška Gora (Figure 4), where it grows in endangered and degraded Beech forests. From a taxonomic standpoint, it is interesting to note that individuals from the population on Fruška Gora belong to the taxon M. hypopitys L. subsp. hypopitys var. glabrescens Holmboe 1920 (rev., Figure 2. Distribution of taxon Humulus scandens in the Pannonian det. Boža, P.), representing a transition form between part of Serbia. subsp. hypopitys and subsp. hypophegea (Wallr.) Holmboe 1920 according to Soó [30]. Ononis pusilla (Table 2) is a submediterranean species [38] and its range includes southern and central Europe, the Mediterranean, the Caucasus and southwestern Europe [39]. In Europe, it grows in southern areas, reaching north in northern France, the Czech Republic, Slovakia [40], the Alps and the central regions of the Hungarian plains [38]. In the Hungarian plains, it mostly grows from the Danube westward, while it is rarely found in other areas [29]. It is very rare in the Pannonian part of Serbia. There was only one previous record from the Deliblato Sands, without a precise locality Figure 3. Distribution of taxon Cardamine impatiens in the Pan- cited. Our record from Fruška Gora (Figure 5) is the only nonian part of Serbia. certain locality for the Pannonian part of Serbia. becoming a nuisance invasive plant in wetland habitats, Peucedanum carvifolia (Table 2) is a Central similar to Echinocystis lobata (Michx.) Torr. et Gray. European plant, rare in the south [38]. Its general Cardamine impatiens (Table 1) is a Eurasian plant distribution includes central and southern Europe and the [30]. Its range includes Europe, Mediterranean, Caucasus [41]. In Europe, it is distributed in the central Southwest Asia, Caucasus, Central Asia, Siberia and southern parts. Toward the northwest, it reaches the and Japanese-Chinese region [31]. It is distributed Netherlands, and toward the east, southern Russia [42]. throughout most of Europe, except for the islands and its It is important to note that according to Soó [38], there South-Eastern areas [32]. It is rare in the central region are related species stretching toward the east, in Russia, of the Hungarian plains, (especially between Danube P. podolicum (Bess.) Eichwald 1830 and P. euphimiae and Tisa rivers) [30]. It is very rare in the Pannonian Kotov 1940. In the Hungarian plains, P. carvifolia grows part of Serbia. Until now, there was only one recorded mainly in the Medium Mountains, while in the other areas, observation from lowland Srem, without a precise locality it is rare, and in the east, from the Danube, very rare [38]. given [33]. Although C. impatiens has a wide range, In the Pannonian part of Serbia, it was observed only in only three sites have been reported in the area studied two localities (Figure 6). It disappeared from the vicinity (Figure 3). These localities are very significant as far of Futog – UTM 34T CR 4 91 (Figure 6), as the site as the flora in our study is concerned, because they was destroyed by building a settlement. This species is have an impact on forest ecosystems (beech forests on very important for our flora as it is a forest-steppe plant Fruška Gora and flooded forest of Pedunculate Oak and [38] and so far as its present habitats are concerned, it Poplar along Danube), which are decreasing in range indicates perhaps the last remnant of natural vegetation in the Pannonian part of Serbia, and are therefore quite of the Pannonian part of Serbia, which used to have a endangered. forest-steppe association Aceri tatarico-Quercion [43]. Monotropa hypopitys subsp. hypopitys (Table 2) is Galium tenuissimum (Table 2) is a continental species a circumpolar plant [30], with range generally including [38] with a range of southeastern Europe, the Caucasus, Europe, the Caucasus, Central Asia, Siberia, North central and southern Russia [44]. In Europe, it grows in America and Japanese-Chinese region [34]. It is widely the eastern and central parts of the Balkan Peninsula,

464 D. Savić, G. Anačkov, P. Boža

Fam. Monotropaceae Monotropa hypopitys L. 1753 subsp. hypopitys Hypopitys monotropa Crantz Chorological data (Figure 4): Srem, forests, without a definite locality (Pančić in Zorkóczy, 1896) [14]; (Zorkóczy 1896 in Obradović 1966) [16]; (Obradović 1966 in Blečić 1972) [21]; Iriški Venac (Fruška Gora), mixed forests with Beech, leg., det. Savić D., July 1997 (National Park Fruška Gora, UTM: 34T DR 2 00 herbarium collection). Fam. Fabaceae Ononis pusilla L. 1759 O. columnae All. 1774; O. minutissima Jacq. 1775; O. subocculta Vill. 1779; O. parviflora Lam. 1783; O. apula Ten. 1825; O. cherleri Bertol. 1850; O. brachyantha Rouy; O. inclusa (Pourret) Bertol. Chorological data (Figure 5): Beočin (Fruška Gora), meadow, leg., det. Savić D., July, 2007. (National Park Fruška Gora, herbarium UTM: 34T DR 2 00 collection). Fam. Apiaceae Peucedanum carvifolia (L.) Vill. 1779 P. chabraei (Jacq.) Reichenb. 1827; P. chabraei Gaud. 1829; Peucedanum chabraei var. selinoides Vis. 1852; P. podolicum (Besser) Eichw.; Seseli carvifolia L. 1753; Selinum chabraei Jacq. ex Murray 1784; Palimbia chabraei DC. 1830; Petrosaelinum chabraei RCHB. 1832; Pastinaca selinoides Vis. 1829; Schlosseria heterophylla Vukot. 1857; S. chabraei Schloss. et Vukot. 1869 Chorological data (Figure 6): Fruška Gora, swamps, without a locality [14] (Zorkóczy 1896 in Obradović 1966) [16]; (Obradović 1966 in Nikolić 1973) [22]; UTM: 34T CR 4 91 Futog, lower forest [15] – ex; UTM: 34T EQ 1 39 Mesić (Vršačke Planine), meadow, edge of forest, leg. Panjković V., June 1981, det. Boža, P. [23]; Jabuka (Fruška Gora), meadow, leg., det. Savić D., August 1997. (National Park Fruška Gora, herbarium UTM: 34T DQ 1 09 collection). Fam. Rubiaceae Galium tenuissimum Bieb. 1808 G. parisiense subsp. divarivcatum var. tenuissimum (M.B.) Stoj. et Stef. 1925; G. parisiense subsp. tenuissimum (M.B.) Stoj. Stef. et Kitan.; G. uliginosum auct. bulg. p. min. p. non L. Chorological data (Figure 7): UTM: 34T CR 3 86 Lipar, steppe meadow, leg., det. Parabućski S. [24]; Paragovo (Fruška Gora), edge of mixed deciduous woodland, leg., det. Savić D., August 1998. (National Park UTM: 34T DR 2 10 Fruška Gora, herbarium collection). Fam. Globulariaceae Globularia punctata Lapeyr. 1813 G. aphyllanthes auct. non Crantz 1766; G. elongata Hegetschw. 1839; G. willkommii Nym. 1854 Chorological data (Figure 8): UTM: 34T DR 2 21 Kovilj-Šajkaš, meadow [14] – ex; Popovica (Fruška Gora), meadow, leg., det, Savić D, May 2004 (National Park Fruška Gora, herbarium UTM: 34T DR 2 10 collection). Table 2. New Chorological data of Distribution in Pannonian Part of Serbia (Monotropaceae, Fabaceae, Apiaceae, Rubiaceae and Globulariaceae). and from Crimea to western Hungary [45]. In the Republic, Slovakia, Hungary and Romania [48], and Hungarian plains, it grows only in the southern Medium eastward to the area of the Volga and the Caucasus Mountains [38], while in Slovakia, it was observed only [30]. In the Hungarian plains, it is common in the Medium at one site in the southern part of the country and it was Mountains and from Danube in a westward direction, listed in the Red Book of Flora of the Czech Republic while in the region between Danube and Tisa, it is rare and Slovakia as a critically endangered species [46]. It or is completely absent from certain areas [29]. It is very is very rare in the Pannonian part of Serbia with only two rare in the Pannonian part of Serbia. It disappeared from localities recorded (Figure 7). the vicinity of Kovilj and Šajkaš - UTM: 34T DR 2 21 Globularia punctata (Table 2) is a submediterranean (Figure 8). The only certain locality for this species in the (Central European) species [30], with a general Pannonian part of Serbia is at Fruška Gora (Figure 8). distribution that includes central and southern Ophris scolopax subsp. cornuta (Table 3) is a Europe and southern Russia [47]. In Europe, it grows southeastern-European subspecies [49], with a general northwards to Belgium, central Germany, the Czech distribution in the southeastern parts of Europe, Eastern

465 New chorological data for flora of the Pannonian region of Serbia

Figure 4. Distribution of taxon Monotropa hypopitys subsp. hypopi- Figure 5. Distribution of taxon Ononis pusilla in the Pannonian part tys in the Pannonian part of Serbia. of Serbia.

Figure 6. Distribution of taxon Peucedanum carvifolia in the Pan- Figure 7. Distribution of taxon Galium tenuissimum in the Pannonian nonian part of Serbia. part of Serbia. southern Sweden [52], and eastward to Kursk and Kiev; it is absent in the Mediterranean [51]. In the Hungarian plains it grows in the Medium Mountains and from the Danube westwards, while in the other regions, it is very rare [29,51]. It is very rare in the Pannonian part of Serbia, as there is only one record of it from Čerević (Figure 10), where it was rediscovered after 110 years, while it disappeared from the site Kamenica-Venac – UTM 34T DR 2 10 (Figure 10), where a weekend settlement was built. Carex brevicollis (Table 3) is a southern European species [49,51]. It grows from southern France and Figure 8. Distribution of taxon Globularia punctata in the Pannonian northern Spain in the west [53], Slovakia and southern part of Serbia. Poland in the North, to the Caucasus and Asia Minor in parts of central Europe and the central regions of the the east [51,53]. In the Hungarian plains, it was observed Mediterranean [50]. It is rare in the Hungarian lowlands, only in the Medium Mountains [51]. It is very rare in the growing only in the southern part of the Medium Pannonian part of Serbia, growing only in one locality Mountains and from the Danube westward, while in at Fruška Gora (Figure 11), while it disappeared from the Pannonian Plain it is most probably a postglacial vicinity of Vršac – UTM: 34T EQ 1 29 (Figure 11) due to relict [51]. The locality at Fruška Gora (Figure 9) is very the growth of settlements and destruction of habitat. important as it is the only site in the Pannonian part of New chorological data include species of different Serbia where this relict plant was recorded. phytocenological features of southern part of Pannonian Gymnadenia odoratissima (Table 3) is a central Plain and Fruška Gora as a specifically explored territory. European plant [49,51] with the general distribution Those are the species distributed in forest and steppe in the temperate zone of Europe [26], northward to associations. Forest associations on Fruška Gora

466 D. Savić, G. Anačkov, P. Boža

Fam. Orchidaceae Ophrys scolopax Cav. 1793 subsp. cornuta (Steven) Camus 1908 O. oestrifera M.B. subsp. cornuta (Stev.) Soó 1932; O. oestrifera M.B. var. cornuta (Stev.) Hayek 1933; O. oestrifera Ch. et B. 1832/33; O. bicornis Sadl. 1835 Chorological data (Figure 9): Glavica (Fruška Gora), meadow with steppe character, leg., det. Savić D., June, 2005. (National Park Fruška UTM: 34T DR 2 10 Gora, herbarium collection). Gymnadenia odoratissima (L.) L.C.M. Richard 1817 G. frivaldii Hampe ex Griseb.; Orchis odoratissima L. 1759; G. frivaldskyana Hampe 1837 nomen nudum Chorological data (Figure 10): UTM: 34T DR 2 10 Kamenica-Venac (Fruška Gora), meadow, vineyards [14]; (Zorkóczy 1896 in Diklić 1976) [25] - ex; Čerević (Fruška Gora), meadow, vineyards [14]; (Zorkóczy 1896 in Diklić 1976) [25]; Čerević (Fruška Gora), UTM: 34T CR 4 90 mesophilous meadow, leg., det. Savić D. (National Park Fruška Gora, herbarium collection). Fam. Cyperaceae Carex brevicollis DC. in Lam. et DC 1815 C. rhynchocarpa Heuff. 1833; C. asturica sensu Willk. non Boiss. Chorological data (Figure 11): UTM: 34T EQ 1 29 Vršac, dry meadow on rocky substrate [12] - ex; Kobila (Fruška Gora), mixed woodland on serpentinite substrate, leg., det. Savić D. (National Park Fruška UTM: 34T DR 2 00 Gora, herbarium collection).

Table 3. New Chorological data of Distribution in Pannonian Part of Serbia (Orchidaceae and Cyperaceae).

Figure 9. Distribution of taxon Ophrys scolopax subsp. cornuta in Figure 10. Distribution of taxon Gymnadenia odoratissima in the the Pannonian part of Serbia. Pannonian part of Serbia. and more common mixed associations association, Tilio-Fagetum submontanum Jank. et Miš. [55]. The taxa Cardamine impatiens subsp. impatiens and Monotropa hypopytis subsp. hypopytis var. Glabrescens, have been found for the first time in twodominant forest associations, Tilio-Fagetum submontanum. So far, these two taxa are known as from the species, Fagetalia [30]. Even so, these taxa have not been observed in this type of forest vegetation in the Pannonian Plain area. The species Peusedanum carvifolia, can be found in association with Prunion spinosae [38], in the area of the Hungarian Plain. The data presented in our Figure 11. Distribution of taxon Carex brevicollis in the Pannonian work, indicates the spread of the ecological amplitude part of Serbia. of this species, in the sense of populating new types may be monodominant, twodominant or polydominant. of associations, since the localities cited are found The most common monodominant forest association along the edges of mixed forest associations with oak, on Fruška Gora is association, Festuco montanae- hornbeam and lime. The species, Carex brevicolis, is Quercetum petreae Jank. [54]. Apart from this, important characterised by disjunctive areal [56], but this areal is areas are covered by monodominant association of lime orographycally defined 49[ ]. In the area of the Pannonian

467 New chorological data for flora of the Pannonian region of Serbia

Plain, this species has emphasized disjunction in areal Pannonian Serbia. The first data on distribution of the because it is common in island mountains. Looking at flora of Serbia was presented here for the taxa,Humulus the large Pannonian area in Europe as a whole and scandens and Ophris scolopax subsp. cornuta. The in central Europe, the chorological data presented first exact localities for the Pannonian part of Serbia here indicates that the species is present in one of the or first observations after more than a century have south-Pannonian mountains while absent in the other. been presented for the taxa, Cardamine impatiens, The data, in an addition to tracing the spread of the Monotropa hypopitys subsp. hypopitys, Ononis pusilla, species Galium tenuissimum, indicates the balance of Globularia punctata, Gymnadenia odoratissima and habitat types populated by this species in the Pannonian Carex brevicollis. the species, Peucedanum carvifola Plain. The data on the association type preferred by this and Galium tenuissimum are very rare in the northern species in the Hungarian part of Pannonian Plain [38], part of Serbia, while the localities cited represent an completely matches the data we obtained, and indicates additional part to their known range. that this species does not have orographically defined Data for the taxa, Humulus scandens and Cardamine areal. Steppe-meadows, which are an integral part of impatiens. also represent an additional information to the picturesque vegetaion of Fruška Gora, are habitats that in Atlas Flora Europaeae. of the species, Ononis pusilla, Globularia punctata and For taxa, Peucedanum carvifola, Globularia punctata, the taxon, Ophrys scolopax subsp. Cornuta. Although Gymnadenia odoratissima and Carex brevicollis the it is known that the species G. odoratissima populates data indicates localities of special importance, as they habitats marked as Molinietalia [51], the data indicates disappeared from other localities cited in the literature that the habitats are under very strong antropogenic for the Pannonian part of Serbia. influence (vineyards). Apart from that, these localities For most analyzed species, new data on distribution are in the south, the sunny hillside, and even if they were from forest habitats, supporting the necessity of are of a relatively mezophilous caharacter, they do not regional conservation of these taxa in the areas where belong to the vegetation, Molinietalia. the forest vegetation is poorly developed and threatened This brief overview of the chorological data by various factors. characteristics, as far as their phytocenological status is concerned, indicates several decades of a long transformation of the Pannonian Plain vegetation that Acknowledgements is quite antropogenic. The data indicates that fragments of the preserved ecosystems contribute to the general This paper was prepared as one part of project No. richness of the diversity of central European flora and of 143037, financed by Ministry of Science of the Republic European flora generally. of Serbia.

4. Conclusion

New data on the distribution of plant taxa was collected by examining preexisting data, revising herbarium collections and many years of research in the area of

References

[1] Stevanović V., Jovanović B., Lakušić D., Niketić M., tection and Health“ (20-21 April 2006, Banja Luka, Phytogeographical Division and Position of Flora Bosnia and Herzegovina), Institute of Protection, and Vegetation of Serbia, In: Stevanović V. (Ed.), Ecology and Informatics Banja Luka, 2006, 39-47, Red Data of Book of Flora of Serbia I, Ministry of En- (in Serbian) vironment of the Republic of Serbia, Faculty of Biol- [3] Igić R., Boža P., Anačkov G., Vukov D., Polić D., ogy University of Belgrade, Institution for Protection Borišev M., (2002-03): Asclepias syriaca L. (silk- of Nature of the Republic of Serbia, Belgrade, 1999 weed) in flora of Vojvodine, Review of Research [2] Boža P., Igić R., Anačkov G., Vukov D., Complex In- Faculty of Sciences, Biology Series, 2002-03, 31-32, vestigations of invasive plant Ambrosia artemisiifolia 26-33, (in Serbian) L. 1753, In: Kojović J., Ilić P. (Eds.), Proceedings of [4] Budak V., Alyssum linifolium Steph. et Willd., In: First Scientific-Professional Conference „Air Pro- Stevanović V. (Ed.), Red Data of Book of Flora of

468 D. Savić, G. Anačkov, P. Boža

Serbia I, Ministry of Environment of the Republic of [18] Holmgren P.K., Holmgren N.H., Additions to Index Serbia, Faculty of Biology University of Belgrade, In- Herbariorum (Herbaria), Edition 8 – Fourteenth Se- stitution for Protection of Nature of the Republic of ries, Taxon, 2003, 52, 385-389 Serbia, Belgrade, 1999 [19] Tutin T.G., Heywood V.H., Burges N.A., Moore [5] Budak V., Salvia nutans L. In: Stevanović V. (Ed.), D.M., Valentine D.H., Walters S.M., Webb D.A. Red Data of Book of Flora of Serbia I, Ministry of En- (Eds.), Flora Europaea II-V, Cambridge University vironment of the Republic of Serbia, Faculty of Biol- Press, Cambridge, 1968-1980 ogy University of Belgrade, Institution for Protection [20] Tutin T.G., Burges N.A., Chater A.O., Edmondson of Nature of the Republic of Serbia, Belgrade, 1999 J.R., Heywood V.H., Moore D.M., Valentine D.H., [6] Boža P., Astragalus varius S.G. Gmel. In: Stevanović Walters S.M., Webb D.A. (Eds.), Flora Europaea I, V. (Ed.), Red Data of Book of Flora of Serbia I, Min- 2nd ed., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, istry of Environment of the Republic of Serbia, Fac- 1993 ulty of Biology University of Belgrade, Institution for [21] Jovanović-Dunjić R., Cardamine L., In: Josifović M. Protection of Nature of the Republic of Serbia, Bel- (Ed.), Flora of Serbia III, Serbian Academy of Sci- grade, 1999 ence and Arts, Belgrade, 1972, (in Serbian) [7] Stevanović V., IPAs in Serbia and Montenegro Ser- [22] Blečić V., Fam. Monotropaceae Nuttal, In: Josifović bia, In: Anderson S., Kušik T., Radford E. (Eds.), Im- M. (Ed.), Flora of Serbia III, Serbian Academy of portant Plant Areas in Central and Eastern Europe, Science and Arts, Belgrade, 1972, (in Serbian) Plantlife International, 2005 [23] Nikolić V., Fam. Apiaceae Lindley, In: Josifović M. [8] Jalas J., Suominen J. (Eds.), Atlas Florae Euro- (Ed.), Flora of Serbia V, 1973, Serbian Academy of paeae, Distribution of Vascular Plants in Europe, III, Science and Arts, Belgrade, 1972, (in Serbian) Salicaceae to Balanophoraceae, The Committee for [24] Panjković V., Biljnogeografska analiza flore Mapping the Flora of Europe and Societas Biologica Vršačkog brega, Matica srpska, Novi Sad, 1989, Fennica Vanamo, Helsinki, 1976 (in Serbian) [9] Jalas J., Suominen J. (Eds.), Atlas Florae Europae- [25] Parabućski S., Neke karakteristike stepske veget- ae, Distribution of Vascular Plants in Europe, X, Cru- acije u Vojvodini, Glasnik Republičkog Zavoda za ciferae (Sisymbrium to Aubrieta), The Committee for Zaštitu Prirode i Prirodnjačkog Muzeja Crne Gore, Mapping the Flora of Europe and Societas Biologica 1982, 15, 147-162, (in Serbian) Fennica Vanamo, Helsinki, 1994 [26] Diklić N., Fam. Orchidaceae Lindl., In: Josifović M. [10] Josifović M. (Ed.), Flora of Serbia, I-IX, Ser- (Ed.), Flora of Serbia VIII, Serbian Academy of Sci- bian Academy of Science and Arts, Belgrade, ence and Arts, Belgrade, 1976, (in Serbian) 1970-1977, (in Serbian) [27] Schreiber A., Familie Cannabaceae, In: Hegi G. [11] Sarić M. (Ed.), Flora of Serbia, X, Serbian Academy (Ed.), Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa III/1, Carl of Science and Arts, Belgrade, 1980, (in Serbian) Hanser Verlag, München, 1957, (in German) [12] Sarić M. (Ed.), Flora of Serbia I, 2nd ed., Serbian [28] Tutin T.G., Edmondson J.R., Cannabaceae, In: Academy of Science and Arts, Belgrade, 1992, (in Tutin T.G., Burges N.A., Chater A.O., Edmondson Serbian) J.R., Heywood V.H., Moore D.M., Valentine D.H., [13] Heuffel J., Enumeratio Plantarum in Banatu Teme- Walters S.M., Webb D.A. (Eds.), Flora Europaea I, siensi sponte crescentium et frequentius cultarum, 2nd ed., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-königlichen zoolo- 1993 gisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 1858, VIII, [29] Soó R., A magyar flóra és vegetáció rendszertani- 11, 39-240, (in Latine) növényföldrajzi kézikönyve VI, Akadémiai Kiadó, [14] Godra B., Flora des Peterwardeiner Grenz- Budapest, 1980, (in Hungarian) Regiments Nr. 9. Öesterreichische Botanische [30] Soó R., A magyar flóra és vegetáció rendszertani- Zeitschrift, 1872, XXII, 1-9 (in German) növényföldrajzi kézikönyve III, Akadémiai Kiadó, [15] Zorkóczy L., Újvidék és környékének florája, Popo- Budapest, 1968, (in Hungarian) vits M. Testvérek Könyvnyomdája, Ujvidék, 1896, [31] Аsenov I., Cardamine L., In: Jordanov D. (Ed.), (in Hungarian) Flora na NR Bulgaria III, Izdatelstvo na Blgarskata [16] Prodán Gy., Bács-Bodrog vármegye flórája. Mag- Akademija na naukite, Sofia, 1978, (in Bulgarian) yar Botanikai Lapok, 1916, XIV, 5/12, 120 – 269, [32] Jones B.M.G., Cardamine L., In: Tutin T.G., Burg- (in Hungarian) es N.A., Chater A.O., Edmondson J.R., Heywood [17] Obradović M., Biljnogeografska analiza flore Fruške V.H., Moore D.M., Valentine D.H., Walters S.M., Gore, Matica srpska, Novi Sad, (in Serbian) Webb D.A. (Eds.), Flora Europaea I, 2nd ed., Cam-

469 New chorological data for flora of the Pannonian region of Serbia

bridge University Press, Cambridge, 1993 [46] Řehořek V., Feráková V., Galium tenuissimum M. [33] Gajić M., Karadžić D., Flora ravnog Srema sa Bieb., In: Čeřovský J., et al. (Eds.), Červená kniha posebnim osvrtom na Obedsku baru, Šumarski ohrožených a vzácných druhů rostlin a živočichů fakultet, Beograd i Šumsko gazdinstvo Sremska ČR a SR, Vol. 5 Vyšší rostlinynii, Príroda, Bratis- Mitrovica, Beograd, 1991, (in Serbian) lava, 1999 (In Czech) [34] Anchev M., Monotropaceae (Nutt.) Lindl., In: Jor- [47] Markova M., Globulariaceae DC., In: Kozshuharov danov D. (Ed)., Flora na NR Bulgaria VIII, Izdatel- S.I., Kuzmanov B.A. (Eds.), Flora na NR Bulgaria stvo na Blgarskata Akademija na naukite, Sofia, X, Izdatelstvo na Blgarskata Akademija na naukite, 1982, (in Bulgarian) Sofia, 1995, (in Bulgarian) [35] Křísa B., Monotropa L., In: Tutin T.G., Heywood [48] Tutin T.G., Globularia L., In: Tutin T.G., Heywood V.H., Burges N.A., Moore D.M., Valentine D.H., V.H., Burges N.A., Moore D.M., Valentine D.H., Walters S.M., Webb D.A. (Eds.), Flora Europaea Walters S.M., Webb D.A. (Eds.), Flora Europaea III, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1972 IV, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1976 [36] Pekanović V., Šumska vegetacija Vršačkih planina, [49] Pignatti S., Flora D`Italia III, Edagiricole, Bologna, Matica srpska, Novi Sad, 1991, (in Serbian) 1982 (in Italian) [37] Vučković M., Livadska i livadsko-stepska veget- [50] Soó R., Ophrys L., In: Tutin T.G., Heywood V.H., acija Vršačkih planina, Matica srpska, Novi Sad, Burges N.A., Moore D.M., Valentine D.H., Walters 1991, (in Serbian) S.M., Webb D.A. (Eds.), Flora Europaea V, Cam- [38] Soó R., A magyar flóra és vegetáció rendszertani- bridge University Press, Cambridge, 1980 növényföldrajzi kézikönyve II, Akadémiai Kiadó, [51] Soó R., A magyar flóra és vegetáció rendszertani- Budapest, 1966, (in Hungarian) növényföldrajzi kézikönyve V, Akadémiai Kiadó, [39] Kuzmanov B., Ononis L., In: Jordanov D. (Ed.), Budapest, 1973, (in Hungarian) Flora na NR Bulgaria VI, Izdatelstvo na Blgarskata [52] Moore D.M., Gymnadenia R. Br., In: Tutin T.G., Akademija na naukite, Sofia, 1976, (in Bulgarian) Heywood V.H., Burges N.A., Moore D.M., Valen- [40] Ivimey-Cook R.B., Ononis L., In: Tutin T.G., Hey- tine D.H., Walters S.M., Webb D.A. (Eds.), Flora wood V.H., Burges N.A., Moore D.M., Valentine Europaea V, Cambridge University Press, Cam- D.H., Walters S.M., Webb D.A. (Eds.), Flora Euro- bridge, 1980 paea II, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, [53] Chater A.O., Carex L., In: Tutin T.G., Heywood 1968 V.H., Burges N.A., Moore D.M., Valentine D.H., [41] Kuzmanov B., Andreev N., Peucedanum L., In: Walters S.M., Webb D.A. (Eds.), Flora Europaea V, Jordanov D. (Ed.), Flora na NR Bulgaria VIII, Izda- Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1980 telstvo na Blgarskata Akademija na naukite, Sofia, [54] Janković M.M., Nova asocijacija Festuco-Querce- 1982, (in Bulgarian) tum petreae M.Jank. i njen odnos prema zajed- [42] Tutin T.G., Peucedanum L., In: Tutin T.G., Heywood nici Quercetum montanum Černj. et Jov. Zbornik V.H., Burges N.A., Moore D.M., Valentine D.H., radova sa Simpozijuma povodom 100 godišnjice Walters S.M., Webb D.A. (Eds.), Flora Europaea II, prve Jugoslovenske dendrologija Josifa Pančića, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1968 Beograd, 1974, (in Serbian) [43] Parabućski S., Janković M.M., Pokušaj utvrđivanja [55] Janković M.M., Mišić V., Šumska vegetacija i fi- potencijalne vegetacije Vojvodine. Matica srpska, tocenoze Fruške Gore. Matica srpska, Novi Sad, Zbornik radova za prirodne nauke, 1978, 54, 5–20, 1980, (in Serbian) (in Serbian) [56] Meusel H., Jäger E., Weinert E., Vergleichende [44] Anchev M., Rubiaceae Juss., In: Velchev V., Kuz- Chorologie der Zentraleuropäischen Flora, karten, manov B. (Eds.), Flora na NR Bulgaria IX, Izda- Veb Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, 1965, (in Ger- telstvo na Blgarskata Akademija na naukite, Sofia, many) 1989, (in Bulgarian) [45] Ehrendorfer F., Krendl F., Galium L., In: Tutin T.G., Heywood V.H., Burges N.A., Moore D.M., Valentine D.H., Walters S.M., Webb D.A. (Eds.), Flora Euro- paea IV, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1976

470