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Apg-Iii 2009 APG-III 2009 18S rDNA rbcL atpB atp1 matR + 61 genes de 45 táxons 75% EUDICOTILEDÔNEAS: 41 ordens Amborellales Nymphaeales APG III 2009 Austrobaileyales Chloranthales Magnoliídeas Monocotiledôneas Ceratophyllales Eudicotiledôneas (ou Tricolpadas) pólen tricolpado Hamamelis pólen Euphorbia tricolporado EUDICOTILEDÔNEAS Aesculus Cobaea Silene Cucurbita pólen porado Cucumis APG-III 2009 18S rDNA rbcL atpB atp1 matR + 61 genes APG-III 2009 Soltis et al. 2009 Ranunculales Proteales 2-meria Trochodendrales Gunnerales ROSÍDEAS 5-meria Santalales Caryophyllales Eudicots nucleares ASTERÍDEAS PENTAPETALE Ranunculales Proteales 2-meria Trochodendrales Gunnerales ROSÍDEAS Santalales Acanthaceae 4-5-meria Caryophyllales ASTERÍDEAS Aesculus Acanthaceae Euphorbia pólen colporado a porado Ranunculales Eudicotiledôneas Proteales basais Trochodendrales Gunnerales ROSÍDEAS c.140 famílias c. 68.000 spp. (1/4 das angiospermas) 4-5-meria Santalales pólen Caryophyllales colporado ASTERÍDEAS Eudicots nucleares c. 96 famílias ROSÍDEAS - sinapomorfias estípulas redução do endosperma diplostemonia APG-III ROSÍDEAS 2009 18S rDNA rbcL atpB fabídeas atp1 matR estípulas malvídeas redução do endosperma redução ROSÍDEAS FABÍDEAS 8 ordens/ c. 76 famílias Sinapomorfias macromoleculares! Clado fixador de N2 (Frankia ou Rhizobium) Stevens 2015 10 famílias ROSALES 6300 spp. hipanto CANNABACEAE ROSACEAE ROSACEAE Prunus ROSALES 1 carpelo Prunus ROSACEAE ROSALES muitos carpelos Fragaria ROSACEAE Rosa rugosa Rosa Malus robusta ROSACEAE ROSALES ROSACEAE Malus robusta ROSALES Flor perígina Flor epígina ROSALES hipanto haplostemonia CANNABACEAE Rhamnus Adolphia RHAMNACEAE 6 gên. fixam N2 Colubrina ROSALES hipanto haplostemonia clado urticóide CANNABACEAE cistólitos, pólen porado perda de hipanto laticíferos MORACEAE Ficus elastica folha Robbins & Weier 1950 Erdtman 1952 Pólen triporado Cannabis sativa CANNABACEAE ROSALES MORACEAE Heywood 1974 MORACEAE estípula terminal látex cistólitos Maclura MORACEAE flores monoclamídeas unissexuadas Maclura pomifera MORACEAE Artocarpus integrifolia Artocarpus incisa MORACEAE Brown 1963 Morus nigra MORACEAE ROSALES MORACEAE Ficus benghalensis Ficus virens Ficus aurea Ficus tremula Ficus carica MORACEAE Ficus pumila sicônio Ficus MORACEAE MORACEAE www.figweb.org Ceratosolen Ficus MORACEAE Dorstenia radiata MORACEAE Cecropia URTICACEAE Cecropia pachystachya URTICACEAE URTICACEAE Cecropia (A-D) Musanga (E-I) Kubitzki et al. 1993 Pilea pumila URTICACEAE ROSALES Pilea microphylla ROSALES hipanto haplostemonia CANNABACEAE cistólitos, pólen porado perda de hipanto laticíferos Ulmus Ficus Gineceu bicarpelar Ulmus Celtis Dorstenia Gineceu pseudomonômero clado urticóide Celtis Parietaria Urtica ROSÍDEAS FABÍDEAS 8 ordens/ c. 76 famílias Sinapomorfias macromoleculares! Clado fixador de N2 (Frankia ou Rhizobium) Stevens 2015 Nódulos radiculares - fixação de N2 (Frankia ou Rhizobium) Mauseth 1995 alfafa - Medicago Vigna Lotus soja Glycine - simbiossomos com bacterióides formados a partir dos rizóbios (Brezinsky et al. 2012) FABALES 4 famílias Fabaceae Polygalaceae Surianaceae Quilajaceae ca. 20.000 spp. - rbcL - Embrião verde e grande - Pontoações guarnecidas - Placa de perfuração simples Gifford & Foster 1996 Swartzia apetala FABALES FABACEAE ou LEGUMINOSAE 19.400 spp. FABACEAE ou LEGUMINOSAE Folhas compostas Pulvinos Mimosa pudica Bauhinia jatobá Hymenaea stigonocarpa LEGUMINOSAE FABACEAE ou LEGUMINOSAE Rosídeas LEGUME plantsystematics.org jatobá Hymenaea Perry & Morton 1996 en.wikipedia.org ervilha Pisum sativum FABACEAE - “CAESALPINIOIDEAE” (2.200 spp.) prefloração imbricada ascendente Bauhinia FABACEAE CAESALPINIOIDEAE Caesalpinia pluviosa Caesalpinia echinata Senna Cassia Chamaecrista FABACEAE CAESALPINIOIDEAE Delonix regia FABACEAE MIMOSOIDEAE Mimosa FABACEAE MIMOSOIDEAE 3.000 spp. Mimosa foliolosa Albizzia julibrissin FABACEAE MIMOSOIDEAE Albizzia julibrissin Inga Leguminosae MIMOSOIDEAE Luis A Oliveira INPA Parkia FABACEAE MIMOSOIDEAE Acacia Piptadenia políades políade Calliandra FABACEAE PAPILIONOIDEAE ou FABOIDEAE 12.000 spp. Crotalaria spectabilis FABACEAE PAPILIONOIDEAE ou FABOIDEAE Robinia estandarte 2 alas carena (2) Erythrina Collaea Mucuna Erythrina Centrosema Camptosema FABACEAE PAPILIONOIDEAE ou FABOIDEAE estandarte ala carena ou quilha Robinia Glycine max Westerkamp & Weber 1999 FABACEAE - PAPILONOIDEAE Swartzia Strongylodon Ronse De Craene 2010 FABACEAE frutos Aeschynomene Tamarindus Desmodium Arachis hypogaea Brown 1963 Plant Systematics Armstrong 2005 Wikipedia FABACEAE pólen Erdtman 1954 Albizzia Cassia Abrus FABACEAE Filogenia rbcL Kass & Wink 1996 Filogenia - Leguminosae Schrire, Lewis & Lavin 2005 Filogenia - Leguminosae – APweb (Stevens 2015) “Caesalpinioideae” gerando 6 subfamílias ? Grande grupo tradicional monofilético Grande grupo tradicional monofilético ROSÍDEAS FABÍDEAS 8 ordens/ c. 76 famílias Sinapomorfias macromoleculares! Clado fixador de N2 (Frankia ou Rhizobium) Stevens 2015 MALPIGHIALES 39 famílias c.16.000 espécies Viola rbcL + atpB perda do intron no gene atpF (só nesta ordem) estigma seco Violaceae venação foliar (margem denteada com uma só nervura por dente decíduo) 3 carpelos Stevens 2015 PASSIFLORACEAE PASSIFLORACEAE - androginóforo - arilo ERYTHROXYLACEAE Estípulas intrapeciolares - drupas MALPIGHIACEAE 68 gên./1250 spp. -Folhas opostas - Estípulas intrapeciolares - Pétalas unguiculadas http://herbarium.lsa.umich.edu MALPIGHIACEAE Byrsonima lucida Robertson 1972 EUPHORBIACEAE 222 gên./5970 spp. EUPHORBIACEAE Látex Hevea brasiliensis seringueira EUPHORBIACEAE Ricinus communis mamona Croton Flores monoclamídeas ou nuas, unissexuadas Jatropha Stillingia EUPHORBIACEAE Estiletes divididos Fruto tricoca (deiscência explosiva) 1 óvulo por lóculo Ricinus Conceveiba EUPHORBIACEAE Rosídeas Ricinus Euphorbia Ricinus Euphorbiaceae Semente com endosperma oleaginoso Salmaki et al. 2011 Pseudantos Pedilanthus Dalechampia EUPHORBIACEAE Pseudanto: CIÁTIO Euphorbia millii Euphorbia pulcherrima Pseudanto: CIÁTIO Euphorbia EUPHORBIACEAE Euphorbia cooperi MALPIGHIALES 39 famílias c.16.000 espécies rbcL + atpB Peraceae Rafflesiaceae Euphorbiaceae estigma seco venação foliar 3 carpelos Stevens 2010 Barkman et al. 2004: Rafflesiaceae em Malphigiales! Davis et al. 2007, Wurdack & Davis 2009 Rafflesia arnoldii R. Br (F. Lanting) Folha de São Paulo 12 de janeiro de 2007 ROSÍDEAS FABÍDEAS 8 ordens/ c. 76 famílias Sinapomorfias macromoleculares! Clado fixador de N2 (Frankia ou Rhizobium) APG-III ROSÍDEAS 2009 18S rDNA rbcL atpB fabídeas atp1 matR estípulas malvídeas redução do endosperma redução Ranunculales Proteales 2-meria Trochodendrales Gunnerales ROSÍDEAS 5-meria Santalales Caryophyllales Eudicots nucleares ASTERÍDEAS PENTAPETALE.
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