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RENEWABLE OIL FUELS and DIESEL ENGINES AS COMPONENTS of SUSTAINABLE SYSTEM DESIGN by ROBERT EDWARD BEGGS B.E.S, University of Wa
RENEWABLE OIL FUELS AND DIESEL ENGINES AS COMPONENTS OF SUSTAINABLE SYSTEM DESIGN by ROBERT EDWARD BEGGS B.E.S, University of Waterloo, 1997 A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE in ENVIRONMENT AND MANAGEMENT We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard ……………………………………. Dr. Stephen Grundy, Dean Science, Technology & Environment Division ……………………………………. Dr. Jim McTaggart-Cowan, Core Faculty Science, Technology & Environment Division ……………………………………. Nitya C. Harris, P.Eng. M.E.Des., Associate Faculty Science, Technology & Environment Division ROYAL ROADS UNIVERSITY February 2001 Robert Edward Beggs, 2001 ii Acknowledgements My work on the role of renewable oil fuels and diesel engines in the context of sustainability has been interesting and challenging. I would like to thank the following people for their invaluable assistance: My thesis advisor, Dr. Jim McTaggart-Cowan, whose understanding of the effects of human influences on the atmosphere, and his enthusiastic advocacy of the many solutions that could improve the current situation, were a source of inspiration in my selection of a thesis topic. I would like to thank those who provided assistance and support in the research for this thesis, including Dave Gourley and Brad Coupland of Pacific Vehicle Testing Technologies Ltd.; Barry Hertz of the University of Saskatchewan; and Marc Laplante of Fluid Life Corporation. Henry Mackaay, the co-founder of Neoteric Biofuels, became the project’s research assistant. His skill in various trades and his enthusiasm for trying new ideas for the production and use of renewable oil fuels were important contributions. I would like to acknowledge the moral support of my friends in the Royal Roads “MEM99” cohort; it was appreciated. -
Turbocharger - Wikipedia 1 of 21
Turbocharger - Wikipedia 1 of 21 Turbocharger A turbocharger, colloquially known as a turbo, is a turbine-driven, forced induction device that increases an internal combustion engine's efficiency and power output by forcing extra compressed air into the combustion chamber.[1][2] This improvement over a naturally aspirated engine's power output is because the compressor can force more air— and proportionately more fuel—into the combustion chamber than atmospheric pressure (and for that matter, ram air intakes) alone. Turbochargers were originally known as Cut-away view of an air foil bearing-supported turbosuperchargers when all forced turbocharger induction devices were classified as superchargers. Today, the term "supercharger" is typically applied only to mechanically driven forced induction devices. The key difference between a turbocharger and a conventional supercharger is that a supercharger is mechanically driven by the engine, often through a belt connected to the crankshaft, whereas a turbocharger is powered by a turbine driven by the engine's exhaust gas. Compared with a mechanically driven supercharger, turbochargers tend to be more efficient, but less responsive. Twincharger refers to an engine with both a supercharger and a turbocharger. Manufacturers commonly use turbochargers in truck, car, train, aircraft, and construction- equipment engines. They are most often used with Otto cycle and Diesel cycle internal combustion engines. Contents History Turbocharging versus supercharging Operating principle Pressure increase (or boost) Turbocharger lag Boost threshold Key components Turbine Twin-turbo https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turbocharger Turbocharger - Wikipedia 2 of 21 Twin-scroll Variable-geometry Compressor Center housing/hub rotating assembly Additional technologies commonly used in turbocharger installations Intercooling Top-mount (TMIC) vs. -
Hdt-Rmcs Diesel Military Motorcycle
HDT-RMCS DIESEL MILITARY MOTORCYCLE Introduction The programme by the Royal Military College of Science [RMCS] and Hayes Diversified Technologies [HDT] to design and develop a diesel motorcycle was undertaken to provide a machine to meet the requirement for all NATO armed forces to operate their entire inventory of powered equipment on either diesel fuel or aviation kerosene. This capability has major logistic advantages in obviating the need to carry other fuels to battle. The lower flammability of these fuels, in comparison to petrol, also greatly reduces fire hazards. The diesel motorcycle programme is being carried out by RMCS and HDT under contracts sponsored by the United States Marine Corps [USMC] and the UK Ministry of Defence. Military motor cycles are used both on the battlefield and for road work, such as convoy escort, policing and courier duties. An ‘all-round’ on/off-road performance capability is therefore required. Design and Development The diesel power unit for the bike was designed by Dr Stuart McGuigan and John Crocker of RMCS, with development and production being spearheaded by Fred Hayes of HDT. Full collaboration between HDT and RMCS is being maintained throughout the entire programme, leading up to full commercial production. Objectives The aim was to produce an engine having realistic power output and performance characteristics for the duties outlined above. This is achieved by utilising state-of-the-art high-speed automotive diesel engine technology in the design of a single cylinder engine. (Other attempts at producing diesel-powered motor cycles based on industrial diesel engines (e.g. Ref.1) have not achieved viable power output and performance). -
Diesel-Engined Motorcycles
N0.27 DIESEL-ENGINED MOTORCYCLES INTRODUCTION engine from a concrete mixer and, as a spare-time project over a number of On initial consideration, the use of diesel engines in motorcycles would not years, built this into a mixture of cycle parts, including a frame from an appear to be an ideal application for this type of power unit. Due to space and Ambassador, a primary chaincase and gearbox from a BSA C11G, Honda wheels size limitations, typical motorcycle power units are relatively compact, light and forks, a fuel tank from a Matchless and a seat from a BSA. The 211 cc and with high specific power outputs, whereas in the past the use of diesel engine developed 3.5 bhp at a governed 3600 rpm, and would cruise engines has been generally been confined to relatively large and heavy comfortably at 35-40 m ph. He proved the viability of the machine by travelling commercial applications, off-road equipment, railroad use and a variety of from John o' Groats to Lands End in 1984 with one overnight stop in Telford, stationary applications where size, weight and specific power outputs are not averaging some 120 mpg for the journey. primary considerations. This was a remarkable achievement considering the basic limitations and However, times change. general unsuitability of the power unit. However, the ensuing publicity attracted the interest of the importers of the Fuji diesel engine, who donated Current developments in diesel engine technology for automobile use have a 300 cc 'Robin' engine for Ernie to use as the basis for his next project.