Human Rights Monitor Quarterly Is a New Publication Launched by the International Service for Human Rights in April 2010

P1. HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL REVIEW H U M A N What you need to know now P24. PERMANENT FORUM ON INDIGENOUS ISSUES First ever country visits to Bolivia and Paraguay

P28. COMMITTEE AGAINST TORTURE R I G H T S Ineffective accountability mechanisms in Syria, Jordan, and Yemen

P45. UPCOMING OPPORTUNITIES MONITOR Meetings to look out for and how to prepare QUARTERLY

ISSUE 2/3 | JULY 2010

Key moments in the life of the Human Rights Council. Can you guess who's who and what's what? Look inside to !nd out!

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The Human Rights Monitor Quarterly is a new publication launched by the International Service for Human Rights in April 2010. It replaces the former New York Monitor, Treaty Body Monitor, UPR Monitor and Council Monitor publications and will instead present a global picture of developments in the international and regional human rights systems. The Quarterly will also highlight events, meetings, and opportunities for NGO/NHRI engagement in the upcoming quarter and beyond. This publication will be issued three times a year (April, July, and October). ISHR’s annual Human Rights Monitor will continue to examine developments and trends within the main UN human rights bodies and mechanisms covering the 12-month period from January to December of a given year and released in March of the following year. Read more about the annual edition at www.ishr.ch/hrm. Downloadable online editions of the Quarterly are available at www.ishr.ch/quarterly.

EDITORS LAYOUT AND DESIGN No part of this publication may be reproduced Heather Collister, Eléonore Dziurzynski, Sarah Song, Geneva. for any commercial purpose without the prior Vanessa Jackson, Katrine Thomasen. express permission of the copyright holders. COVER PHOTOS CONTRIBUTORS Devra Berkowitz, Patrick Bertschmann, DISCLAIMER Kara Apland, Sarah Booth, Hélène Boussard, Jean-Marc Ferré, Mark Garten, Jess Hoffman, While every effort has been made to ensure Heather Collister, Michelle Evans, Chris Gully, Jakob Ineichen, Pierre-Michel Virot. the accuracy and reliability of the information Michael Ineichen, Vanessa Jackson, Eleanor contained in this publication, ISHR does not Openshaw, Tjasa Polutnik, Katrine Thomasen, PRINTER guarantee, and accepts no legal liability what- Melanie Webster. Print Carrier. soever arising from any possible mistakes in the information reported on or any use of this pub- Special thanks to our guest contributor Lisa CLOSING OF THIS EDITION lication. We are happy to correct any errors you Myers (NGO Group for the Convention on the 30 July 2010. may come across so please notify us: Rights of the Child). [email protected] COPYRIGHT AND DISTRIBUTION ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Copyright © 2010 For more information about our work, or any of The International Service for Human Rights International Service for the issues covered in this edition, please visit (ISHR) would like to thank Irish Aid for their sup- Human Rights. our website: www.ishr.ch port to this project. or contact us: [email protected] Material from this publication may be reproduced for training, teaching or other non- commercial purposes as long as ISHR is fully acknowledged. You can also distribute this publication and link to it from your website as long as ISHR is fully acknowledged as the source.

Thematic Focus HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL REVIEW 1

-RXIVREXMSREP(IZIPSTQIRXW PEACEBUILDING COMMISSION 9 HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL 12 UNIVERSAL PERIODIC REVIEW 20 PERMANENT FORUM ON INDIGENOUS ISSUES 24 COMMITTEE AGAINST TORTURE 28 COMMITTEE ON ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS 32 COMMITTEE ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD 35 -28)6'311-88))1))8-2+ 38

6IKMSREP(IZIPSTQIRXW AFRICAN COMMISSION ON HUMAN AND PEOPLES’ RIGHTS 41

9TGSQMRK)ZIRXW OPPORTUNITIES FOR NGO ENGAGEMENT 45 UPCOMING EVENTS |%9+97823:)1&)6 48 THEMATIC FOCUS

HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL REVIEW 1

Photos from cover page, from left to right:

1. The Human Rights Council's 1st special session on the situation in the Palestinian and other occupied Arab territories, Assembly Hall, Palais des Nations, Geneva. 2. First President of the Human Rights Council, Ambassador Luis Alfonso de Alba (Mexico) at the adoption of the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance. 3. Ceiling of Room 20, the Council’s Chamber at Palais des Nations. 4. Adivasi woman from the Kutia Kondh tribal group in Orissa, India. The Council adopted the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. 5. UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon confers with Doru Costea, President of the Council, Mr Sergei Ordzhonikidze, Director-General of the United Nations O!ce at Geneva, and Ms Louise Arbour, UN High Commissioner for Human Rights before the opening of the 7th session of the Council. 6. The Madres de Plaza de Mayo, an association of Argentinean mothers seeking information and justice about their disappeared relatives during the military dictatorship between 1976 and 1983. 7. Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Head of the high-level fact-"nding mission to the southern Gaza Strip town of Beit Hanoun, addresses the 9th session of the Council. 8. Mr Farah Mustafa, representative of the Sudan to the UN at the Council's 4th special session on the situation of human rights in Darfur. 9. Mr Paulo Sérgio Pinheiro, Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar. 10. Mr Olivier De Schutter, Special Rapporteur on the right to food. 11. Mr Hisham Badr, Permanent Representative of Egypt to the UN addresses the 9th special session of the Council on the situation in Gaza. 12. Mr Doru Romulus Costea (Romania), second President of the Council. 13. Ms Charlotte Abaka, former Independent Expert on the human rights situation in Liberia. 14. Ms Navanethem Pillay, UN High Commissioner for Human Rights and Mr Martin Uhomoibhi, third President the Council. 15. Mr Philip Alston, UN Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary, or arbitrary executions. 16. Rasmata, 25, with her newborn baby in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Maternal mortality has been a key issue raised by the Council. 17. Ms Esther Brimmer, US Assistant Secretary of State for International Organization A#airs, addresses the opening session of the high-level segment of the Human Rights Council. In her statement she a!rmed the United States' commitment to the Council. 18. Mr Martin Scheinin, Special Rapporteur on the protection and promotion of human rights and fundamental freedoms while countering terrorism. 19. Mr Mahinda Samarasinghe, Minister for Disaster Management and Human Rights of Sri Lanka, addresses the Council's special session on the situation of human rights in Sri Lanka. 20. Parallel event taking stock of the Council’s performance with Mr Martin Uhomoibhi, Julie de Rivero (Human Rights Watch), and Katrine Thomasen (ISHR) among others. 21. Mr Githu Muigai, Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance. 22. Mr Richard Goldstone, Head of the fact-"nding mission on the Gaza Con$ict. 23. Mr Alex Van Meeuwen (Belgium), fourth President of the Council. 24. Mr Michel Forst, Independent Expert on the situation of human rights in Haiti, addresses the Council’s special session on the support to the recovery process in Haiti. 25. Ms Sima Samar, former Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in the Sudan. 26. Human Rights Council observes moment of silence for Haiti quake victims. 27. Mr Vitit Muntarbhorn, former Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. 28. Mr Manfred Nowak, Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. 29. NGOs lining up to sign up to comment on the UPR outcome of Iran. 30. Mr Sihasak Phuangketkeow (Thailand), elected as the "fth President of the Council presidency.

HUMAN RIGHTS MONITOR QUARTERLY | JULY 2010 HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL REVIEW

HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL REVIEW Continued from cover page.

8LIX[SVIZMI[TVSGIWWIWEVIFEWIH on the one hand on General Assembly Resolution 60/251TEVE[LMGL³(IGMHIWJYVXLIVXLEXXLI'SYRGMPWLEPPVIZMI[MXW [SVOERHJYRGXMSRMRKJMZI]IEVWEJXIVMXWIWXEFPMWLQIRXERHVITSVXXSXLI+IRIVEP%WWIQFP]´ on the other on General Assembly Resolution 60/251TEVE[LMGL³(IGMHIWXSIWXEFPMWLXLI,YQER6MKLXW'SYRGMPFEWIH MR+IRIZEMRVITPEGIQIRXSJXLI'SQQMWWMSRSR,YQER6MKLXWEWEWYFWMHMEV]SVKERSJXLI+IRIVEP%WWIQFP] XLI%WWIQ FP]WLEPPVIZMI[XLIWXEXYWSJXLI'SYRGMP[MXLMRJMZI]IEVW´

GENEVA PROCESS

INFORMAL PREPARATIONS

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THE REVIEW PROCESS

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1 One grouping is referred to as the ‘Re"ection Group on the Strengthening of the Human Rights Council'. It is made up of Argentina, Brazil, Costa Rica, France, Ghana, India, Jordan, Mexico, Morocco, Nigeria, Republic of Korea, Romania, Spain, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK, US, and representatives of the O#ce of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) and NGOs. 2 The documents related to the review are available at: http://bit.ly/ctLIpT, and on the OHCHR Extranet: http://bit.ly/bOdE89. 3 http://bit.ly/bYfRIj. 4 http://bit.ly/bUWxaO. 5 http://bit.ly/a1z8Zc. 6 http://bit.ly/bxZSO3. 7 Resolution 12/1. The membership of the working group is not restricted. 8 Para. 16 of General Assembly Resolution 60/251. 9 Austria, Azerbaijan, China. 10 The roadmap is available on the OHCHR extranet.

INTERNATIONAL SERVICE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 1 THEMATIC FOCUS

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On this basis some States, including Alge VMEERH7[MX^IVPERHLEZIEVKYIHXLEXXLIVIZMI[SJXLI946 11 The statements made by States during the informal meeting can be accessed on the OHCHR extranet: http://bit.ly/bOdE89. WLSYPH XEOI TPEGI EX E PEXIV WXEKI3R XLI SXLIV LERH2%1 12 Ambassador Sihasak Phuangketkeow replaced Mr Van Meeuwen on [ERXWXLI946XSFIMRGPYHIHRS[EPXLSYKLMX[MWLIWJSVER] 21 June 2010. GLERKIWXSFIMQTPIQIRXIHSRP]EJXIVXLIJMVWX946G]GPI-X 13 Non-paper on modalities of the review of the Human Rights Council, 18 May 2010. is yet to be decided whether the UPR will be included at this 14 The Council’s institutional framework is contained in Resolution 5/1. WXEKISJXLIVIZMI[ 15 Pakistan, on behalf of the Organisation of the Islamic Conference (OIC), Egypt, on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM). 16 See NGO proposal on the Structure for the 2011 Review of the Hu- man Rights Council’s Work and Functioning, http://bit.ly/ctLIpT. 17 See footnote a) to para. 14.

2 HUMAN RIGHTS MONITOR QUARTERLY | JULY 2010 HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL REVIEW

Modalities NGOs in consultative status with the Economic and Social 8LIVIZMI[TVSGIWW[MPPFIGEVVMIHSYXF]XLI[SVOMRKKVSYT 'SYRGMP )'373' ERH2,6-WKVERXIH%WXEXYWF]XLI-RXIV ERH [MPP FI GLEMVIH ERH PIH F] XLI 4VIWMHIRX SJ XLI 'SYRGMP national Coordination Committee, will be able to attend the ,S[IZIVXLIVIEVIHMJJIVMRKZMI[WSRLS[XLI[SVOMRKKVSYT [SVOMRKKVSYT´WWIWWMSRW8LI[SVOMRKKVSYT[EWIWXEFPMWLIH and the discussions should be conducted. EW³STIRIRHIH´%GGSVHMRKXSWXERHEVH92TVEGXMGIXLMWQIERW XLEXEPPSFWIVZIVWGERTEVXMGMTEXI&EWIHSRXLITVEGXMGIWJVSQ -RMXWRSRTETIVXLI6YWWMER*IHIVEXMSRWYKKIWXWXLEXXLI4VIWM XLIMRWXMXYXMSRFYMPHMRKTVSGIWW2+3W[MPPFIEFPIXSXEOIXLI HIRXMRGSRWYPXEXMSR[MXL7XEXIWWLSYPHETTSMRXJMZIJEGMPMXEXSVW JPSSVHYVMRKXLI[SVOMRKKVSYT´WWIWWMSRW21 SRXLIXSTMGWJSVHMWGYWWMSRQIRXMSRIHEFSZI1ER]SXLIVW MRGPYHMRK2%1ERH7[MX^IVPERHLEZII\TVIWWIHXLIZMI[XLEX KEY ISSUES MXMWXSSIEVP]XSETTSMRXJEGMPMXEXSVW188LI4VIWMHIRX´WVSEHQET VIGSKRMWIWXLEXXLI4VIWMHIRXQE]GEPPSRXLIEWWMWXERGISJJEGMP 8LIJSPPS[MRKMWWYIWEVIPMOIP]XSFIEXXLIGSVISJXLIVIZMI[ MXEXSVWFYXPIEZIWXLIXMQMRKSTIR-REHHMXMSRMXWYKKIWXWXLEX HMWGYWWMSRW MR +IRIZE8LMW SZIVZMI[ HSIW RSX WIIO XS FI 7XEXIWGSYPHEPWSMRZMXIXLI4VIWMHIRXXSGEPPSRWTIGMJMGI\TIVX GSQTVILIRWMZI MRTYXXSXLI[SVOMRKKVSYTWIWWMSRJSVI\EQTPIJVSQWTIGMEP TVSGIHYVIWSVXLI%HZMWSV]'SQQMXXII Addressing human rights violations ;MXLSYXEXXIQTXMRKLIVIEJYPPEWWIWWQIRXSJXLI'SYRGMP´WTIV The Russian Federation also suggested that the substantive JSVQERGIMXMWJEMVXSWE]XLEXMXLEWRSXHSRI[IPPMREHHVIWWMRK [SVOSJXLI[SVOMRKKVSYTWLSYPHFIGEVVMIHSYXMRX[STEV ERHTVIZIRXMRKLYQERVMKLXWZMSPEXMSRWEVSYRHXLI[SVPH22 For EPPIPWIWWMSRW8LMWMHIELEWQIX[MXLGSRWMHIVEFPISTTSWMXMSR LYQERVMKLXWHIJIRHIVWXLMW[MPPXLIVIJSVIFISRISJXLIQEMR JVSQ7XEXIWMRTEVXMGYPEVWQEPPHIPIKEXMSRWEW[IPPEW2+3W19 MWWYIWXSFIEHHVIWWIHHYVMRKXLIVIZMI[TVSGIWW8LI'SYR 8LI]JIEVRSXFIMRKEFPIXSIJJIGXMZIP]GSRXVMFYXIXSXLITVS GMP´WWLSVXGSQMRKWMRXLMWEVIEEVIRSXKIRIVEPP]HYIXSEPEGOSJ GIWWMJMXMWXEOMRKTPEGIMRTEVEPPIPQIIXMRKW VIPIZERXXSSPW6EXLIV[LEXRIIHWXSFIIRLERGIHMWXLITSPMXM GEP[MPPSJ7XEXIW -RFIX[IIRXLIX[SWIWWMSRWSJXLI[SVOMRKKVSYTEHHMXMSREP MRJSVQEPQIIXMRKWQE]FILIPH 8LI VIZMI[ TVSGIWW QE] EPWS TVIWIRX ER STTSVXYRMX] XS I\TPSVIXLIQER]YRHIVYXMPMWIHXSSPWXLEXEVIEPVIEH]EZEMPEFPI 8LI4VIWMHIRX´WVSEHQETTVSTSWIWXLEXXLIVIZMI[TVSGIWW[MPP to the Council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concern to the Council. There has also been discussion about NGO PARTICIPATION MRXVSHYGMRKSFNIGXMZIGVMXIVMEXSEWWMWXXLI'SYRGMPMRHIGMHMRK [LIRXSEHHVIWWEWMXYEXMSRSVHIZIPSTMRKEPMWXSJXVMKKIVMRHM 8LI 6YWWMER *IHIVEXMSR´WRSRTETIV WYKKIWXW XLEX HYVMRK XLI cators that would result in automatic consideration. [SVOMRK KVSYT 7XEXIW ERH KVSYTW SJ 7XEXIW [SYPH TVIWIRX XLIMVTSWMXMSRWERHGSRGVIXITVSTSWEPW8LIVIMWRSQIRXMSRSJ 7TIGMEPTVSGIHYVIW NGOs, national human rights institutions (NHRIs), or others 8LIWTIGMEPTVSGIHYVIW[IVIWYFNIGXXSERMRHITXLVIZMI[ GSRXVMFYXMRKXSXLIHIFEXI,S[IZIVERIEVPMIVZIVWMSRSJXLI HYVMRK XLI 'SYRGMP´W MRWXMXYXMSRFYMPHMRK TVSGIWW24 1ER] SJ RSRTETIVQEHIMXI\TPMGMXXLEX2+3W[SYPHRSXWTIEOHYVMRK XLIXSTMGWHMWGYWWIHXLIREVIPMOIP]XSEPWSGSQIYTHYVMRK XLI[SVOMRKKVSYT8LMWWYKKIWXMSRMWMRWXEVOGSRXVEWXXSXLI XLMWVIZMI[MRGPYHMRKXLIMVVIPEXMSRWLMT[MXLXLI'SYRGMPXLIMV EGXMZIVSPITPE]IHF]2+3WMRXLI'SYRGMP´W[SVO8LI6YWWMER [SVOMRKQIXLSHW7XEXIGSSTIVEXMSRERHJSPPS[YTXSVIGSQ *IHIVEXMSR´WTVSTSWEPMWRSHSYFXIZMHIRGISJMXWZMI[WEFSYX mendations, and resources. 2+3TEVXMGMTEXMSRMRKIRIVEPERH[LMPITVSFEFP]WLEVIHF] WIZIVEPSXLIV7XEXIWMWYRPMOIP]XSKEMRFVSEHWYTTSVX%XXLI MRJSVQEPQIIXMRKSVKERMWIHF]XLI4VIWMHIRXMR.YRIXLIVI[EW 2010, para. 6. FVSEHIRHSVWIQIRXF]7XEXIWSJXLITVMRGMTPIXLEXXLIVIZMI[ 21 The practices of the institution-building working groups varied considerably. Some sessions were very interactive with no distinctions TVSGIWWWLSYPHJSPPS[XLIWEQIQSHEPMXMIWJSV2+3TEVXMGMTE drawn between State and NGO speakers. At other sessions NGOs XMSREWXLSWIYWIHHYVMRKXLIMRWXMXYXMSRFYMPHMRKTVSGIWW2%1 spoke on each topic after States, or at the end of the 3-hour meeting. LEWEPWSIRHSVWIHXLMWMRMXWTSWMXMSRTETIV20 22 See for example, Human Rights Watch, Curing the Selectivity Syn- drome: The 2011 Review of the Human Rights Council, http://bit.ly/ 18 In an earlier version of its paper, dated 12 May 2010, the Russian Fed- b0jMDb. eration proposed that the facilitators could already be appointed in 23 The institution-building text already allows for the holding of pan- May and begin consultations with States. The later version does not els, seminars, roundtables, and other work formats. These are avail- make this suggestion. able on a case-by-case basis, and their use only quali!ed in that they 19 EU, NAM. should be used to enhance dialogue and mutual understanding. 20 NAM position paper on the modalities of the HRC Review, 6 June 24 For more information see, http://bit.ly/ayu9u5.

INTERNATIONAL SERVICE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 3 THEMATIC FOCUS

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³KPSVMJMIHQEMPFS\´8LI946TVSGIWW[SYPHGIV FVIEGLIHXLI'SHISJ'SRHYGXJSV7TIGMEP4VSGIHYVIW[LMGL XEMRP]FIRIJMXJVSQKVIEXIVI\TIVXMRTYXERHMRZSPZIQIRX [EWEHSTXIHMR268LMWLEWVIWYPXIHMRWSQIGEPPMRKJSVER SZIVWMKLXQIGLERMWQXLEX[SYPHEHHVIWWGSQTPEMRXWSJRSR Human Rights Council Advisory Committee GSQTPMERGI%TVSTSWEPLEWFIIRQEHIMRXLMWVIKEVHJSVEGSQ -RMRJSVQEPHMWGYWWMSRWWSJEVPMXXPIEXXIRXMSRLEWFIIRTEMHXS QMXXIISJQEKMWXVEXIWSVNYVMWXW However, there are serious XLIJYRGXMSRMRKSJXLI%HZMWSV]'SQQMXXII3RISJMXWQIQ GSRGIVRWEFSYXXLIVMWOSJTSPMXMGMWEXMSRSJWYGLETVSGIHYVI FIVWLEWI\TVIWWIHXLIZMI[XLEXMXWLSYPHFIEPPS[IHXSMRM ERHMXWTSXIRXMEPRIKEXMZIMQTEGXSRXLIMRHITIRHIRGISJWTI XMEXI[SVOERHQEOIWYKKIWXMSRWJSVVIWIEVGLERHWXYH]XS GMEPTVSGIHYVIW1SVISZIV[MXLXLIPMQMXIHYWISJXLII\MWXMRK XLI'SYRGMPEWMXWTVIHIGIWWSVHMH30 During its 5th session in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could become a more relevant mechanism.

UPR 'SQTPEMRXTVSGIHYVI 3RISJXLIOI]MWWYIWJSVXLIVIZMI[SJXLI946MWPMOIP]XSFI -XMWKIRIVEPP]JIPXXLEXXLIGSQTPEMRXTVSGIHYVIMWRSX[SVOMRK LS[XLIWIGSRHG]GPI[MPPJYRGXMSR8LI'SYRGMP´WMRWXMXYXMSR IJJIGXMZIP]8LMWLEWPIHXSX[SWYKKIWXIHWSPYXMSRW IMXLIVEFSP FYMPHMRK XI\XTVSZMHIWPMXXPI KYMHERGIMR XLMWVIKEVH-XQIVIP] MWLMXSVQEOIMX[SVO7SQILEZIWYKKIWXIHXLEXXLIFIWX[E] WXEXIWXLEXWYFWIUYIRXVIZMI[WWLSYPHJSGYWEQSRKSXLIVMWWYIW XSMQTVSZIXLITVSGIHYVI[SYPHFIXSGLERKIMXWGSRJMHIRXMEP SRMQTPIQIRXEXMSRSJXLISYXGSQISJTVIZMSYWVIZMI[W29 The REXYVIERHQEOIMXETYFPMGTVSGIHYVI;LMPIXLIGSQTPEMRX 'SYRGMPVIZMI[MWXLIVIJSVIPMOIP]XSI\EQMRILS[XSMRGPYHI TVSGIHYVILEWQER]WLSVXGSQMRKWSRISJMXWEHZERXEKIWMWXLI JSPPS[YTXSTVIZMSYWVIZMI[WMRXLI946TVSGIWW[LMPIEPWS LMKLVIWTSRWIVEXISJ7XEXIWWYFNIGXXSXLITVSGIHYVIVITSVX YRHIVXEOMRKE³RI[´I\EQMREXMSRSJVIGIRXHIZIPSTQIRXW IHP]QSVIXLER -RGSQTEVMWSRXLIVIWTSRWIVEXIXSWTI GMEPTVSGIHYVIWMWSREZIVEKI 31 The Council should con 7SQISJXLI946´WGYVVIRXWLSVXGSQMRKWEVIEPWSPMOIP]XSFI WMHIVLS[XSSZIVGSQIXLITVSGIHYVI´WWLSVXGSQMRKW[LMPI HMWGYWWIH8LIWIMRGPYHIXLITVSFPIQW[MXLXLIPMWXSJWTIEOIVW QEMRXEMRMRK7XEXIGSSTIVEXMSR XLI PEVKI RYQFIV SJ VIGSQQIRHEXMSRW XLEX QER] 7XEXIW JMRH YRQEREKIEFPIXSMQTPIQIRXERHXLIPEGOSJWYJJMGMIRXXIGLRMGEP Other issues EWWMWXERGIXS7XEXIWMRVIPEXMSRXSMQTPIQIRXEXMSR8LITVSF 3XLIVMQTSVXERXMWWYIWXLEX[MPPFIHMWGYWWIHHYVMRKXLIVIZMI[ PIQW[MXLXLIPMWXSJWTIEOIVWLEZITVSQTXIHWYKKIWXMSRWXLEX MRGPYHIXLIRIIHXSWXVIRKXLIRXLI3JJMGISJXLI4VIWMHIRX XLI XLIXMQIJSVIEGLI\EQMREXMSRWLSYPHFII\XIRHIHXSEPPS[ RIIHXSWXVIEQPMRIXLI'SYRGMP´WLIEZ]TVSKVEQQISJ[SVO EPP 7XEXIW [MWLMRK XS WTIEO XS HS WS8LIVI EVI EPWS TVSTSW TVSTSWEPW LEZI FIIR QEHI XS VIHYGI XLI 'SYRGMP´WWIWWMSRW EPWXSI\XIRHXLITIVMSHMGMX]SJXLIVIZMI[JVSQJSYVXSJMZI XSX[SJVSQXLIGYVVIRXXLVIIERHJSVWLSVXSRISVX[SHE] ]IEVWEPPS[MRK7XEXIWQSVIXMQIXSMQTPIQIRXSYXGSQIW%W QSRXLP] WIWWMSRW XLI RIIH XS WXVIEQPMRI XLI EKIRHE TVS EXXIRXMSRXYVRWXSMQTPIQIRXEXMSREXXLIREXMSREPPIZIPREXMSR TSWEPWLEZIFIIRQEHIXSQIVKIEPPEKIRHEMXIQWHIEPMRK[MXL al human rights institutions could be given an increased role in GSYRXV]WMXYEXMSRW ERHXLIVSPISJXLI,MKL'SQQMWWMSRIV XLI946TVSGIWWEXXLI'SYRGMPMRVIGSKRMXMSRSJXLIGVMXMGEP ERHLIV3JJMGIMRWYTTSVXMRKXLI'SYRGMP´W[SVO8LIPEXXIV VSPIXLI]TPE]MRWYTTSVXMRKLYQERVMKLXWMQTPIQIRXEXMSR MWWYIMWPMOIP]XSKIRIVEXIGSRXVSZIVW]EW7XEXIWEVIHMZMHIHSR [LEXXLIVIPEXMSRWLMTFIX[IIRXLI,MKL'SQQMWWMSRIVERHXLI 'SYRGMPWLSYPHFI7SQI[SYPHPMOIXSWIIEKVIEXIVVSPIJSV 7XEXIWMRWIXXMRK3,',6TVMSVMXMIW[LMPISXLIVWWIIXLMWEWXLI ,MKL'SQQMWWMSRIV´WMRHITIRHIRXTVIVSKEXMZI 25 Ten Principles to Guide a successful outcome of the review of the Human Rights Council as it relates to the Special Procedures, http:// bit.ly/d036bb. 26 Council Resolution 5/2, http://bit.ly/ayp03Q. 27 Retreat of Algiers on the review of the work and functioning of the 30 The Advisory Committee replaced the Sub-Committee on the Pro- Human Rights Council, p. 25. motion and Protection of Human Rights. 28 http://bit.ly/98NL9N. 31 UN Special Procedures, Facts and Figures 2009, http://bit.ly/ 29 Resolution 5/1, para. 34. aGqX3y.

4 HUMAN RIGHTS MONITOR QUARTERLY | JULY 2010 HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL REVIEW

NEW YORK PROCESS

8LI+IRIVEP%WWIQFP]QE]LEZIXSTYWLFEGOMXWHIEHPMRIJSVVIZMI[SJXLI'SYRGMP´WWXEXYW 1EVGL XSXLIIRHSJ the 65thWIWWMSR QMH7ITXIQFIV XSEGGSQQSHEXIXLI'SYRGMP´WTVSTSWIHHIPMZIV]WGLIHYPISJMXWVITSVXXSXLI+IRIV al Assembly in June 2011.327XEXIWEVIHMZMHIHEFSYX[LIXLIVXSYRHIVXEOIXLIVIZMI[TVSGIWWIWGSRGYVVIRXP]SVGSRWIGYXMZIP] HIWTMXIETVSTSWEPXSYRHIVXEOIEREPMKRIHERHTEVEPPIPTVSGIWWF]XLI4VIWMHIRXSJXLI+IRIVEP%WWIQFP]ERHXLIJSVQIV4VIWM HIRXSJXLI'SYRGMP%W[MXLXLI'SYRGMP´WS[RVIZMI[SJMXW[SVOERHJYRGXMSRMRKXLI6IWSPYXMSRMWWMPIRXSRXLIWGSTIERHGSR XIRXSJXLI+IRIVEP%WWIQFP]´WVIZMI[SJXLI'SYRGMP´W³WXEXYW´1ER]WXEOILSPHIVWLEZIRSX]IX[IMKLIHMRSRXLIVERKISJMWWYIW ERHUYIWXMSRWXLEXXLMWVIZMI[WLSYPHMRGSVTSVEXI

PROCESS AND KEY ACTORS

-R1EVGLXLI4VIWMHIRXSJXLI+IRIVEP%WWIQFP]1V%PM%FHYWWEPEQ8VIOM 0MF]E ETTSMRXIHX[SGSJEGMPMXEXSVWXSGSRHYGXGSR WYPXEXMSRWMR2I[=SVOSRXLIVIZMI[TVSGIWW338LI4VIWMHIRXXLIRMRHMGEXIHXLEXXLIGSJEGMPMXEXSVW[SYPHGSRHYGXXLIVIZMI[MRER ³STIRMRGPYWMZIERHXVERWTEVIRX´QERRIVERH³[SVOGPSWIP][MXLXLI,YQER6MKLXW'SYRGMP´348LIGSJEGMPMXEXSVWLEZIWMRGIEJJMVQIH XLEXXLIX[SVIZMI[TVSGIWWIWEVIGSQTPIQIRXEV]ERHVIUYMVIEGSSVHMREXIHETTVSEGL35

On 15 June, the General Assembly President36 ERH XLI JSVQIV 4VIWMHIRX SJ XLI 'SYRGMP%QFEWWEHSV:ER 1IIY[IRTYFPMGP] I\TVIWWIHMREPIXXIVXLIMVWYTTSVXJSVPMROMRKXLIX[STVSGIWWIWSRKVSYRHWXLEXXLI]EVI³QYXYEPP]VIMRJSVGMRK´ERH[MPPYPXM mately merge in the General Assembly.8LI]TEVXMGYPEVP]IRGSYVEKIHZMWMXWF]IEGLTVIWMHIRXXSXLIMVGSYRXIVTEVX´WVIWTIGXMZI GSRWYPXEXMSRW8LSYKLRSXEVMRKMRKIRHSVWIQIRXSJETEVEPPIPTVSGIWWXLINSMRXPIXXIVTVSZMHIWXLIRIGIWWEV]WYTTSVXJSVXLIGS JEGMPMXEXSVWXSMRMXMEXIXLIMVGSRWYPXEXMSRWEPSRKWMHIXLI'SYRGMP´W

However, 2%1VITVIWIRXEXMZIWMR+IRIZELEZIHMWVIKEVHIHXLI4VIWMHIRXW´VIGSQQIRHEXMSRERHEVIGEPPMRKMRWXIEHJSVGSR secutive reviews.388LI]LEZIVIUYIWXIHXLIMVGSYRXIVTEVXWMR2I[=SVOXSMRXVSHYGIEWLSVXTVSGIHYVEPHIGMWMSREXXLI+IR IVEP%WWIQFP]8LMWHIGMWMSR[SYPHGEPPJSVXLI+IRIVEP%WWIQFP]VIZMI[TVSGIWWXSFIHIPE]IHYRXMPXLI'SYRGMPLEWGSQTPIXIH MXWS[RVIZMI[,S[IZIVMXMWYRGPIEVMJXLI2%1MR2I[=SVO[SYPHEGXSRXLMWVIUYIWX39SVQSVIMQTSVXERXP]MJXLI+IRIVEP %WWIQFP][SYPHETTVSZIMX7YFWIUYIRXP]XLIMRGSQMRK4VIWMHIRXSJXLI'SYRGMP%QFEWWEHSV7MLEWEO4LYERKOIXOIS[FEGOTIH EPPIHSRLMWTVIHIGIWWSV´WGSQQMXQIRXXSGSRGYVVIRXTVSGIWWIW40

-XMWRSXGPIEV[L]XLI2%1VITVIWIRXEXMZIWMR+IRIZETVIJIVXSEVVERKIXLIVIZMI[WGSRWIGYXMZIP]-XQE]FIXLEXXLI]ZMI[XLI VIZMI[WXLVSYKLEGSQTIXMXMZIPIRWERHEVIGSRGIVRIHXLEXXLI+IRIVEP%WWIQFP][MPP³IRGVSEGL´SRXLI'SYRGMP´WQERHEXIMJXLI]EVI GEVVMIHSYXGSRGYVVIRXP]'SRZIVWIP]XLIGSJEGMPMXEXSVW[LSTVIJIVETEVEPPIPTVSGIWWQE]FIMRHMGEXMRKXLEXXLI]XLMROXLI+IRIVEP %WWIQFP]WLSYPHRSXQIVIP]³VYFFIVWXEQT´XLI'SYRGMP´WVITSVXFYXWLSYPHFIKIRYMRIP]IRKEKIHMREPPEWTIGXWSJXLIVIZMI[

NGO PARTICIPATION

8SHEXIRIMXLIVXLIGSJEGMPMXEXSVWRSVXLI+IRIVEP%WWIQFP]4VIWMHIRXLEWTVSTSWIHQSHEPMXMIWJSVXLITVSGIWWMR2I[=SVO MRGPYHMRKXLIVSPISJ2+3WMRXLIVIZMI[*MZI]IEVWEKSHYVMRKRIKSXMEXMSRWSRXLIIWXEFPMWLQIRXSJXLI'SYRGMP7XEXIWQIXMR QSWXP]GPSWIHGSRWYPXEXMSRWSJXIREXXLIEQFEWWEHSVMEPPIZIP8LIVI[IVIRSJSVQEPEVVERKIQIRXWJSVWYFWXERXMZI2+3MRTYX41

32 This may require the General Assembly to adopt a new resolution or decision. 33 Ambassador Christian Wenaweser (Liechtenstein) and Ambassador Mohammed Loulichki (Morocco). 34 Letter from the President of the General Assembly to all Permanent Missions in New York introducing the co-facilitators for the review of the Hu- man Rights Council, 15 March, available at http://bit.ly/acOLgM. 35 The co-facilitators made these comments at the Swiss mission in New York during a May 2010 meeting to discuss the summary report of the open-ended Seminar on the Review of the Human Rights Council held in Montreux, Switzerland on 20 April 2010, available at http://bit.ly/ bxZSO3. The seminar was organised by Switzerland and took place on 20 April 2010 in Montreux. 36 Ambassador Joseph Deiss of Switzerland was elected President of the 65th session of the General Assembly in June. He will begin his term in September 2010. 37 Joint Letter from the President of the General Assembly and the President of the Human Rights Council to all Permanent Missions in New York, 15 June, available at http://bit.ly/cvSrrI. 38 Letter from Egypt on behalf of the Geneva chapter of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) to the President of the Council, and copied to NAM counterparts in New York. The letter criticises the presidents’ position in their joint letter, and asks the new President of the Council, Mr Phuang- ketkeow, to convene an urgent meeting with coordinators of regional groups to further discuss the process and modalities of the review. 39 The NAM chapter in Geneva has requested the New York Coordinating Bureau of the NAM in New York to intervene with the President of the General Assembly to this e$ect and to persuade NAM membership to support the introduction of such a decision. 40 Letter from the new President of the Human Rights Council to the President of the General Assembly, 29 June 2010. The letter states that the ‘predominant view’ of Geneva delegations is that the New York review should await the completion of Geneva’s work, and that there is a ‘common understanding’ that the previous joint letter of the Presidents should ‘not prejudge the question of the sequencing of the processes. 41 Although no opportunity was provided for NGOs to speak formally at the consultations, over one hundred NGOs from around the world commu- nicated their concerns and recommendations in writing to the General Assembly President and governments during the negotiations. However NGOs were not permitted to observe the proceedings, and had limited access to delegates and documents. The then President of the General

INTERNATIONAL SERVICE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 5 THEMATIC FOCUS

ECOSOC Resolution 1996/31 grants accredited NGOs the TVSFEFP]YWIXLISTTSVXYRMX]XSXMIXLIVIZMI[SJ³WXEXYW´XSER VMKLXXSSFWIVZIERHSFXEMRHSGYQIRXWHYVMRKQIIXMRKWSJXLI EWWIWWQIRXSJXLI'SYRGMP´W[SVOERHJYRGXMSRMRKERH[LIXLIVMX General Assembly on human rights.42 -RJSVQEPP]WSQI7XEXIW LEW]IX³IEVRIHÉTPEGIRI\XXSXLISXLIVTVMRGMTEP92FSHMIW ERHXLIGSJEGMPMXEXSVWLEZII\TVIWWIHWYTTSVXJSV2+3W´TEV XMGMTEXMSRMRXLIVIZMI[TVSGIWWMRPMRI[MXLResolution 1996/31. 7XEXIW´ZMI[WSRXLIUYIWXMSRSJWXEXYWHSRSXETTIEVXSLEZI However, other States could try to obstruct or restrict such GLERKIHGSRWMHIVEFP]SZIVXLITEWXJMZI]IEVW7SQIOI]HIZIP TEVXMGMTEXMSR2+3WWLSYPHXLYWGEPPSRJVMIRHP]7XEXIWERH STMRK7XEXIWGSRXMRYIXSLSPHXLIHIGMWMSRXSQSHMJ]XLI'SYR SXLIVWYTTSVXIVWXSLIPTIRWYVIXLIMVIJJIGXMZIEGGIWWXSERH cil’s status hostage to other unresolved institutional matters, TEVXMGMTEXMSRMRXLITVSGIWW MRGPYHMRK VIJSVQ SJ XLI 7IGYVMX] 'SYRGMP498LI TIVQERIRX QIQFIVWSJXLI7IGYVMX]'SYRGMPEVIMRZIWXIHMRQEMRXEMRMRK KEY ISSUES FOR THE REVIEW the status quo, and ensuring that States bestow the greatest PIZIPSJEXXIRXMSRERHYVKIRG]XSWIGYVMX]QEXXIVWVEXLIVXLER In Resolution 60/251, the Council was created as a subsidiary VIWTIGXJSVLYQERVMKLXW organ to the General Assembly.438LIUYIWXMSRSJXLI'SYRGMP´W status divided the General Assembly during negotiations on 2SRIXLIPIWWXLI+IRIVEP%WWIQFP]GSYPHYWIXLIVIZMI[TVSG the Council’s establishment. Some States,44[MXLXLIWYTTSVXSJ IWWEWERSTTSVXYRMX]XSIRWYVIEQSVIGIRXVEPERHWXVEXIKMG 2+3WEHZSGEXIHXLEXXLI'SYRGMPFIGSQIETVMRGMTEPSVKER TPEGI[MXLMRXLISZIVEPP92W]WXIQJSVXLI'SYRGMP8LMWGSYPH alongside the General Assembly, Security Council, and ECOSOC. MRGPYHIWYTTSVXMRKTVEGXMGEPERHGSRGVIXI[E]WXSIRLERGI Others45TVIJIVVIHELYQERVMKLXWFSH][MXLPIWWIVWXERHMRKMR XLI 'SYRGMP´W HMVIGX [SVOMRK VIPEXMSRWLMT [MXL XLI 7IGYVMX] XLI92W]WXIQ9PXMQEXIP]XLIGSQTVSQMWI[EWXSIWXEFPMWLXLI Council and Peacebuilding Commission. The General Assembly Council as a subsidiary body, with the agreement that the Gen GSYPHEPWSMHIRXMJ][E]WJSVXLI'SYRGMPXSFIXXIVGSRXVMFYXI IVEP%WWIQFP][SYPHVIZMI[MXWWXEXYWMRJMZI]IEVW46 MXWI\TIVXMWIXSXLILYQERVMKLXW[SVOSJXLI7IGVIXEVMEXERH SXLIV92FSHMIWERHEKIRGMIW8LMW[SYPHJYVXLIVXLIKSEPSJ The Council’s status QEMRWXVIEQMRKLYQERVMKLXWXLVSYKLSYXXLI92´W[SVO +MZIRXLEXLYQERVMKLXWGSRWXMXYXIWSRISJXLIXLVIITMPPEVWSJ XLI92EPSRK[MXLTIEGIERHWIGYVMX]ERHIGSRSQMGERHWSGMEP 1IQFIVWLMT HIZIPSTQIRXXLIIPIZEXMSRSJXLI'SYRGMPXSETVMRGMTEPSVKER Resolution 60/251 is silent on whether issues relating to mem MWETSXIRXMEPFYXYRPMOIP]SYXGSQISJXLIVIZMI[%GSRWMHIV FIVWLMTWYGLEWXLI'SYRGMP´WWMÎERHGSQTSWMXMSRERHGVMXI able obstacle to elevating its status is that it would require an VMEJSVIPIGXMSRJEPP[MXLMRXLITYVZMI[SJXLIVIZMI[SJ³WXEXYW´ EQIRHQIRXXSXLI92'LEVXIV[LMGLMWEHMJJMGYPXTVSGIWW ,S[IZIVWMRGIXLIUYEPMX]SJQIQFIVWLMTLEWEGPIEVMQTEGXSR XLI'SYRGMP´WJYRGXMSRMRKXLI+IRIVEP%WWIQFP]GSYPHGSRWMHIV 7XEXIWEVIRSXMRGPMRIHXSGSRWMHIVTVSQSXMRKXLI'SYRGMPFEWIH XLIWIMWWYIWMRXLIGSRXI\XSJIRLERGMRKXLIMQTPIQIRXEXMSRSJ SRXLITVMRGMTPISJXLIXLVIITMPPEVWJVEQI[SVOEPSRI-RWXIEH XLI'SYRGMP´WQERHEXI%PXLSYKLGLERKMRKXLIWMÎSJXLI'SYR EWXLIGSJEGMPMXEXSVWLEZIMRHMGEXIH48 the General Assembly will GMP MW YRPMOIP] XS KEVRIV FVSEH WYTTSVXXLI +IRIVEP%WWIQ FP]GSYPHWXVIRKXLIRXLIGVMXIVMEJSVQIQFIVWLMTMRGPYHMRKF] Assembly and the co-Chairs of the negotiations visited Geneva for VIUYMVMRKGERHMHEXI7XEXIWXSTVIWIRXTPIHKIWWSQIXLMRK[LMGL two days to consult with the human rights community there, including with NGOs. However this meeting provided little opportunity MWSRP]ZSPYRXEV]EXTVIWIRXERHWYTTSVXMRKQIEWYVIWXSIRWYVI for substantive and sustained dialogue. The letter is available on the 'SYRGMPQIQFIVWGSSTIVEXI[MXLXLIWTIGMEPTVSGIHYVIW)PIG OHCHR extranet: http://bit.ly/bOdE89. XMSRTVSGIHYVIWERHTVEGXMGIWGSYPHEPWSFIMQTVSZIHWYGLEW 42 ECOSOC Resolution 1996/31 (para. 67(f)) does not grant accredited 50 NGOs speaking rights at the General Assembly. IRWYVMRKGSQTIXMXMZIIPIGXMSRW ERHIZEPYEXMRKXLIMQTPIQIR 43 The Council’s predecessor, the Commission on Human Rights had a XEXMSRSJIPIGXMSRTPIHKIW lower status. It reported to the ECOSOC, which in turn reported to the General Assembly. 44 EU, Iceland, Argentina, Chile, Mexico, Turkey, Japan, Norway, Azerbaijan. 6IPEXMSRWLMTFIX[IIRXLI'SYRGMPERHXLI+IRIVEP 45 African Group, Iran, Egypt, Bangladesh, India, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Assembly Cameroon, China, Russian Federation, El Salvador, Malaysia, Cuba, Syria, 8LIHMZMWMSRSJPEFSYVFIX[IIRXLI'SYRGMPERHXLI8LMVH Pakistan, Indonesia, Sudan, Venezuela, Algeria, Belarus, Mongolia. 51 52 46 During the establishment of the Council, some States did not ex- Committee [SYPHFIERSXLIV[SVXL]XSTMGJSVXLIVIZMI[ press support for the elevation of the Council to a principal body immediately, but supported a compromise solution whereby States to the evaluation of the Council’s work and functioning. Comments would make a strong commitment to elevating the body to a prin- made at the Swiss mission in New York during a May 2010 meeting cipal organ in !ve years. These States included Liechtenstein, Swit- to discuss the summary report of the open-ended Seminar on the zerland, Republic of Korea, Jordan, Brazil, Vietnam, Israel, Armenia, Review of the Human Rights Council. Costa Rica, and Uruguay. However the General Assembly ultimately 49 Brazil, Egypt, Germany, India, Japan, Nigeria and South Africa are did not include the proposed amendment ‘with a view to elevate to among the States seeking permanent seats on the Security Council. a principal organ’ at the end of the adopted provision: ‘the Assembly 50 In 2010, for the !rst time since 2006 when the Council was estab- shall review the status of the Council within !ve years’. lished, each of the !ve geographic regions the same number of can- 47 An amendment to the Charter must be adopted by a vote of two didates as the number of available seats. thirds of the members of the General Assembly, followed by rati!cation 51 This is one of the six Main Committees of the General Assembly. It by two thirds of the member States, including all the permanent mem- has responsibility for dealing with social, humanitarian a$airs, and bers of the Security Council. Amendments to the UN Charter can be made human rights issues on the General Assembly’s agenda. by a procedure set out in Article 108, Chapter XVIII of the UN Charter. 52 Resolution 60/251 establishes the Council as a subsidiary body of the 48 The co-facilitators view the question of status as ‘inextricably linked’ General Assembly, but it does not articulate what if any relationship the

6 HUMAN RIGHTS MONITOR QUARTERLY | JULY 2010 HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL REVIEW

&SXLXLI8LMVH'SQQMXXIIERHXLI'SYRGMPEVIWYFWMHMEV]FSHMIWSJXLI+IRIVEP%WWIQFP]-RQER]MRWXERGIWXLIMV[SVOMW HYTPMGEXMZI[MXLFSXLFSHMIWHMWGYWWMRKERHEHSTXMRKWMQMPEVXLIQEXMGVIWSPYXMSRW7XEXIWGSYPHXLYWGSRWMHIVLS[XLI8LMVH 'SQQMXXII´W[SVOGSYPHGSQTPIQIRXERHEHHZEPYIXSXLEXSJXLI'SYRGMP,S[IZIVXLIVMWOLIVIMWXLEXWSQI7XEXIW[LMGL GSRWMHIVXLI'SYRGMP´W946TVSGIWWEWXLISRP]ETTVSTVMEXIJSVYQJSVGSRWMHIVEXMSRSJGSYRXV]WMXYEXMSRW53 may use any such HMWGYWWMSRXSGLEPPIRKIEHSTXMSRSJGSYRXV]WTIGMJMGVIWSPYXMSRWEXXLI+IRIVEP%WWIQFP]

3RISYXGSQISJXLIVIZMI[WLSYPHFIXLIGPEVMJMGEXMSRSJVITSVXMRKPMRIWJVSQXLI'SYRGMPXSXLI+IRIVEP%WWIQFP]54 Since the 'SYRGMP´WGVIEXMSR7XEXIWLEZIHMWEKVIIHSRXLMWXSTMGERHLEZIIRKEKIHMRGSRXIRXMSYWHIFEXIWIEGL]IEVSR[LMGLFSH]WLSYPH GSRWMHIVXLI'SYRGMP´WERRYEPVITSVX55 Some States56TVIJIVXLI'SYRGMPXSVITSVXHMVIGXP]XSXLI+IRIVEP%WWIQFP]TPIREV]MR PMRI[MXLMXWWXEXYW[LIVIEWSXLIVWJEZSYVMXVITSVXMRKXSXLI8LMVH'SQQMXXII

8SVIJPIGXXLIPIXXIVERHWTMVMXSJResolution 60/251XLI'SYRGMPWLSYPHVITSVXXSXLI+IRIVEP%WWIQFP]TPIREV]8LMW[SYPHEJJMVQ MXWWXEXYWEWXLITVIQMIVLYQERVMKLXWSVKERSJXLI92W]WXIQERHEPPS[XLI8LMVH'SQQMXXII´WLMKLP]TSPMXMGMWIHIRZMVSRQIRX XSFIGMVGYQZIRXIH8LMW[SYPHEZSMHXLIVMWOSJXLI8LMVH'SQQMXXII³VISTIRMRK´'SYRGMPHIGMWMSRWFYXEXXLIWEQIXMQIQEX XIVWXLEX[SYPHFIRIJMXJVSQJYVXLIVI\TIVXHMWGYWWMSRGSYPHWXMPPFIHIPIKEXIHF]XLITPIREV]XSXLI8LMVH'SQQMXXII

*MRERGMRKSJXLI'SYRGMP´W[SVO -JXLI'SYRGMP[IVIXSVITSVXXSXLITPIREV]MX[SYPHEPWSVIMRJSVGIXLI+IRIVEP%WWIQFP]´WJMRERGMEPVIWTSRWMFMPMX]XSWYTTSVX XLI[SVOSJXLI'SYRGMPERHMXWQIGLERMWQW3RP]XLI+IRIVEP%WWIQFP]LEWXLIEYXLSVMX]XSETTVSZIXLIEPPSGEXMSRSJJMRER GMEPVIWSYVGIWXSMQTPIQIRX'SYRGMPVIGSQQIRHEXMSRW,S[IZIVMRVIGIRX]IEVWXLI+IRIVEP%WWIQFP]LEWRSXEPPSGEXIHXLI ETTVSTVMEXIJYRHWXSMQTPIQIRXWSQIVIGSQQIRHEXMSRW58%PXLSYKLTSPMXMGWMRXLI8LMVH'SQQMXXIIMWRSHSYFXTPE]MRKEVSPI MRWXEPPMRKXLIETTVSZEPSJJYRHWXLI[IEOWYTTSVXSJWSQI'SYRGMPQIQFIVWJSVMXWS[RVIGSQQIRHEXMSRWLEWEPWSPMOIP]MRJPY enced this outcome.59

%RSXLIVVIPEXIHFYHKIXTVSFPIQMWXLIVITSVXMRKG]GPISJXLI'SYRGMP[LMGLMWRSXMRW]RG[MXLXLEXSJXLI+IRIVEP%WWIQFP]60 As a result, some Council recommendations have been shelved.618LIVIZMI[TVSGIWWTVIWIRXWEZEPYEFPISTTSVXYRMX]XSGSVVIGX XLMWXMQIXEFPMRKTVSFPIQ

CONCLUSION

8LIVIZMI[SJXLI'SYRGMP´WWXEXYWTVSZMHIWEYRMUYISTTSVXYRMX]JSV7XEXIWXSHIQSRWXVEXIXLITSPMXMGEP[MPPXSVEMWILYQERVMKLXW XSXLITVMSVMX]EGGSVHIHXLIQMRXLI92'LEVXIV%PXLSYKLXLMWTSPMXMGEP[MPP[EWVIEJJMVQIHEXXLI;SVPH7YQQMXMR[LIR XLI'SYRGMP[EWJMVWXGSRGIMZIHXLIVIZMI[TVSZMHIWE[IPGSQISTTSVXYRMX]XSVIEPMWIXLIJYPPTSXIRXMEPSJResolution 60/251JSV EWXVSRKIVERHQSVIIJJIGXMZILYQERVMKLXWFSH]2S[MWXLIXMQIJSV7XEXIWXSGSQQMXXSERHXEOIWXITWXSIRWYVIXLEXRIMXLIV TSPMXMGMWEXMSRRSVEWIRWISJVMZEPV]FIX[IIR+IRIZEERH2I[=SVOLEQTIVXLIMVRIKSXMEXMSRW-XMWEPWSXLIXMQIJSV7XEXIWXS QEOIKSSHSRXLIMVTVSQMWIWXS[SVOMRTEVXRIVWLMT[MXLGMZMPWSGMIX]EXXLI92F]TYXXMRKMRTPEGIQIERMRKJYPSTTSVXYRMXMIW JSVGMZMPWSGMIX]TEVXMGMTEXMSRMRXLIHIPMFIVEXMSRWXLEX[MPPWLETIXLIJYXYVISJXLI'SYRGMP Ŷ

Council should have with the General Assembly’s Third Committee. 53 This position is based on the argument that only the UPR process promotes the principles of ‘objectivity, non-selectivity and equal treatment of all states’. 54 Joint letter, June 15, from the President of the General Assembly and the President of the Council to Permanent Missions in New York. In the letter, the presidents state that the review process o$ers ‘a unique opportunity to make the reporting line between the Human Rights Council and the General Assembly more regular, clear and transparent, in full respect of the role of the General Assembly and the mandate of the Human Rights Council’, http://bit.ly/cvSrrI. 55 In the previous two years, the General Assembly, while stipulating its decisions would not set a precedent, has allocated the Council’s annual report to the Third Committee for action on the recommendations, and the General Assembly plenary to consider the report as a whole. More detailed reports on these developments at the 64th and 63rd sessions of the General Assembly are available at http://bit.ly/a6hqCi. 56 The EU, Japan, Lichtenstein, and New Zealand. 57 The African Group, Cuba, Russian Federation, US, and China. One argument of these States is that the Third Committee, rather than the plenary, has the human rights expertise to address the relevant issues and recommendations in the Council’s report. 58 The General Assembly’s practice of only ‘taking note’ of the annual report of the Council and ‘acknowledging’ its recommendations, rather than ‘welcoming’ and ‘endorsing them’ respectively, has been interpreted as an insu#cient level of support to warrant the allocation of funds. General Assembly Resolution 64/143 (2009) and Resolution 63/160, available at http://bit.ly/U53GO. 59 For example, the General Assembly has not approved the funds to implement a 2008 Council decision, which calls for the establishment and resourcing of an O#ce of the President of the Human Rights Council. In 2009, at the initiative of Switzerland, the General Assembly (Resolution 64/144) requested that the Council ‘address the question of the establishment and the modalities’ of such an o#ce as part of its review of its work and functioning. 60 The Council’s reporting cycle is July-June each year. In the General Assembly, for budgetary purposes, each budgetary biennium operates along a January-December basis. 61 The Council’s annual report (adopted at its June session) only reaches the General Assembly plenary in December. Technically, this means that Council resolutions adopted at and subsequent to its September session have to wait until the General Assembly session the following year for endorsement and related funding. This delay has sometimes resulted in the recommendations of those sessions being considered ‘earlier’ than the General Assembly would have considered them. However, where this has not been possible, ‘creative’ interim funding arrangements have had to be found, or the recommendations have been shelved.

INTERNATIONAL SERVICE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTS

PEACEBUILDING COMMISSION 9 HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL 12 UNIVERSAL PERIODIC REVIEW 20 PERMANENT FORUM ON INDIGENOUS ISSUES 24 COMMITTEE AGAINST TORTURE 28 COMMITTEE ON ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS 32 COMMITTEE ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD 35 -28)6'311-88))1))8-2+ 38

8 HUMAN RIGHTS MONITOR QUARTERLY | JULY 2010 PEACEB UILDING COMMISSION

PEACEBUILDING COMMISSION *MZI]IEVVIZMI[SJMXWJYRGXMSRMRK Creative Commons Creative / Howard Gees

INTRODUCTION

-REHHMXMSRXSXLI,YQER6MKLXW'SYRGMP XLI'SYRGMP XLI4IEGIFYMPHMRK'SQQMWWMSR 4&' [MPPFIVIZMI[IHXLMW]IEV½ZI]IEVW EJXIVMX[EWIWXEFPMWLIH18LI+IRIVEP%WWIQFP]ERHXLI7IGYVMX]'SYRGMP[MPPGEVV]SYXXLIVIZMI[[LMGLTVSZMHIWERSTTSVXYRMX] XSVI¾IGXSRXLI4&'´WEGLMIZIQIRXWERHGLEPPIRKIWIRLERGIMXWVIPIZERGIERHMQTVSZIMXWTIVJSVQERGI2

8LI4&'VIZMI[RIKSXMEXMSRWEVIRSXPMOIP]XSFILMKLP]TSPMXMGEP8LITVSGIWWMW[MHIP]I\TIGXIHXSFIETTVSEGLIHEWEWXSGO XEOMRKI\IVGMWISJEVIPEXMZIP]RI[FSH]8LI4&'[EWIWXEFPMWLIHMRERHMWWXMPP½RHMRKERHVI½RMRKMXWWXVEXIKMGRMGLIERH ZEPYIEHHIHVSPI,S[IZIVXLIVIMWEVMWOXLEXMRWXMXYXMSREPMWWYIWWYGLEWTVSTSWIHGLERKIWMRXLIQIQFIVWLMTSJXLI4&'´W 3VKERMWEXMSREP'SQQMXXIIGSYPHWLMJXXLIH]REQMG

What is the PBC?

Established in 2005 by concurrent resolutions of the General Assembly (Resolution 60/180) and the Security Council (Resolution 1645), the PBC promised to close the institutional and strategic gap in the UN system on peacebuilding in post-conflict countries. The PBC acts as a central coordination hub and a main forum for key actors (including governments, donors, international financial institutions, UN operational actors, and civil society) to come together in support of integrated and coherent approaches to peacebuilding. The PBC also plays a unique role in lining up resources from donor countries, international financial institutions, and regional bodies, and in drawing their attention to post-conflict countries’ specific peacebuilding needs. As part of the UN peacebuilding architecture, the UN also established two other supportive, complementary bodies, the Peacebuilding Support Office (PBSO) in the UN Secretariat, and the Peacebuilding Fund (PBF).

The Commission’s Organisational Committee is comprised of 31 States. In addition to the Organisational Committee, the PBC meets in country-specific committees and has also set up a Working Group on Lessons Learned to distill lessons from post-conflict engagements. So far, the PBC has engaged with Burundi, the Central African Republic, Guinea-Bissau and Sierra Leone, where it has set up strategic frameworks for peacebuilding as well as monitoring mechanisms. It looks set to add Liberia to its agenda, following a request from the country that is supported by the Security Council.

1 The PBC was established as one of the outcomes of the 2005 Millennium Summit. See General Assembly Resolution 60/1. The !ve-year review was decided in two simultaneous resolutions by the Security Council and the General Assembly that set out the mandate and functions of the PBC. For more information on the PBC see http://bit.ly/KjP6H and ISHR’s guide to the PBC at, http://bit.ly/aGph1W. For relevant background documents and resolutions, see http://bit.ly/cXkCaX. 2 For more information on the review and to access relevant documents see http://bit.ly/ai$y5.

INTERNATIONAL SERVICE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 9 INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTS

REVIEW PROCESS AND KEY ISSUES NGO PARTICIPATION IR (IGIQFIV XLI 4VIWMHIRX SJ XLI +IRIVEP%WWIQFP] 2+3W LEZI TEVXMGMTEXIH MR MRJSVQEP QIIXMRKW6 monitored ETTSMRXIHXLVIIGSJEGMPMXEXSVWJVSQ-VIPERH1I\MGSERH7SYXL XLIVIZMI[TVSGIIHMRKWERHGSRXVMFYXIHTSPMG]TETIVWXSXLI %JVMGEXSYRHIVXEOIGSRWYPXEXMSRWSRXLIVIZMI[%XXLIXMQISJ VIZMI[,S[IZIV2+3WLEZIRSXIRNS]IHER]JSVQEPEZIRYIW [VMXMRKXLIGSJEGMPMXEXSVWLEZILIPHXLVIISTIRQIIXMRKW JSVGSRWYPXEXMSRHYVMRKXLITVSGIWWXSHEXI *IFVYEV] 1E]ERH .YP] 3 At the second meeting, States FEWIH XLIMV GSQQIRXW SR WM\ GPYWXIVW SJ MWWYIW MHIRXM½IH F] 8LI VIZMI[ [MPP RSX VIZMWMX XLI +YMHIPMRIW JSV 2+3 XLIGSJEGMPMXEXSVWXSKYMHIXLIHMWGYWWMSR48LIOI]MWWYIW[IVI 4EVXMGMTEXMSR[LMGLTVSZMHIJSVXLIMRZSPZIQIRXSJGMZMPWSGMIX] MHIRXM½IHXLVSYKLGSRWYPXEXMSRW[MXLZEVMSYWWXEOILSPHIVW ERH2+3WMRXLI4&'´WJSVQEPERHMRJSVQEPQIIXMRKW%PXLSYKL WSQIQMWKMZMRKW[IVII\TVIWWIHEFSYXXLIKYMHIPMRIWEXXLIMV 1) )ZEPYEXMRKXLI4&'´WTPEGI[MXLMRXLISZIVEPP92EVGLMXIG EHSTXMSRXLI]LEZI[SVOIHVIPEXMZIP][IPPMRTVEGXMGI8 Many ture. 8LMWMRGPYHIWVIIZEPYEXMRKXLI4&'´WVIPEXMSRWLMT[MXL 2+3WLEZIEHZSGEXIHJSVELSPMWXMGETTVSEGLF]XLI4&'XS XLI7IGYVMX]'SYRGMP MRGPYHMRKMXWTSXIRXMEPEHZMWSV]VSPI engagement with civil society.9 This includes the PBC enhancing MRXLIHVEJXMRKSJTIEGIOIITMRKQERHEXIW +IRIVEP%WWIQ GMZMPWSGMIX]´WGETEGMX]FYMPHMRKERHMRJSVQMRKGMZMPWSGMIX]EGXSVW bly, and the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), and EFSYXMXW[SVOWSXLI]GERIJJIGXMZIP]TVSZMHIXLIMVMQTSVXERX EWWIWWMRKXLII\XIRXXS[LMGLTIEGIFYMPHMRKMWTVMSVMXMWIH and constructive contributions.10 within the Secretariat and across the UN system. 2) -QTVSZMRKXLIVIPEXMSRWLMTFIX[IIRTIEGIOIITMRKERH What is the Peacebuilding Fund? TIEGIFYMPHMRg, including how to create smoother transi XMSRWFIX[IIRXLIWITVSGIWWIW The Peacebuilding Fund (PBF) is a multi-donor trust fund funded by voluntary contributions. It aims to address immediate chal- 3) Mobilising resources and ensuring mutual accountability. lenges to peacebuilding in the aftermath of conflict, and catalyse 8LMWMRGPYHIWEWWIWWMRKLS[XLI4&'GERLIPTIRWYVIXLEX sustained support and engagement of bilateral and multilateral governments and the international community abide by donors. Countries that are not on the PBC agenda may also receive their mutual commitments. Another related issue is evaluat funding, following a declaration of eligibility by the Secretary- MRKLS[XLI4&'GEREHHVIWWXLIHIZIPSTQIRXEPGLEPPIRKIW General. Among other activities, the PBF supports dialogue proc- XLEXGLEVEGXIVMWITSWXGSR¾MGXWSGMIXMIW esses, capacity-building, and employment generation. The PBSO is 4) Overcoming challenges and MQTVSZMRK VIWYPXW MR XLe ½IPH responsible for the overall management of the PBF; the UN Devel- This includes ensuring that administrative burdens, as a re opment Programme (UNDP) administers the Fund. All proposals WYPXSJFIGSQMRKEGSYRXV]SRXLI4&'EKIRHEHSRSXSZIV for funding from the PBF must be submitted through the office [LIPQRI[ERHJVEKMPIREXMSREPWXVYGXYVIWSVHYTPMGEXII\MWX of the Senior UN Representative in-country, and all PBF funding MRKWXVEXIKMIWWYGLEWXLI4SZIVX]6IHYGXMSR7XVEXIK]4ETIVW is disbursed to recipient UN organisations, including the Office 4674 -XEPWSQIERWIRWYVMRKXLEX2I[=SVOFEWIHTVSG of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR). NGOs can- IWWIWFVMRKEHHIHZEPYIXSHIZIPSTQIRXWSRXLIKVSYRH not access the PBF directly, however they may implement projects through partnership arrangements with eligible UN agencies and 5) -QTVSZMRK VIKMSREP ETTVSEGLIW XS TIEGIFYMPHMRg, including organisations. In addition to an advisory board at the international JSWXIVMRKVIPIZERXTEVXRIVWLMTWERHHIZIPSTMRKTIVWTIGXMZIW level, the PBF also has a national steering committee for each coun- XLEXVI¾IGXXLIGSQTPI\MX]SJGSR¾MGXWMXYEXMSRW try, where civil society has a place. 6) 7GEPMRKYTXLI4&' such as analysing whether the PBC is IUYMTTIHXSXEOISRJYVXLIVWTIGM½GWMXYEXMSRWERHMRGPYHI 6 For example, the co-facilitators have held and participated in many GSYRXVMIW[MXLPEVKIVTSTYPEXMSRWM^I informal meetings, including in New York, Burundi, and Geneva and have met with various stakeholders, including civil society actors. 8LIQSWXVIGIRXTETIVF]XLIJEGMPMXEXSVWSR³WSQIIQIVKMRK 7 PBC/1/OC/12. 8 NGOs, including human rights defenders, have contributed to the 5 recommendations’ [EWGMVGYPEXIHFIJSVIXLIXLMVHERH½REP development of priorities, the integrated peace-building strategies, QIIXMRK 7XEXIW [IVI EWOIH XS GSQQIRX SR XLI JSPPS[MRK and the monitoring process at the country level. However, genuine XSTMGWXLIJYRGXMSRMRKSJXLI4&C MXWTVIZIRXMZIHMQIRWMSn engagement by civil society with the PBC has been inconsistent across di$erent countries for various reasons. XLI [MHIV TIEGIFYMPHMRK EVGLMXIGXYVe ERH XLI EPPSGEXMSR SJ 9 For example, some NGOs are focused on ensuring that the PBC en- JYRHMRKJSVXLI4IEGIFYMPHMRK*YRH 4&* . gages civil society at the beginning of PBC engagement and places greater emphasis on peacebuilding as a ‘process’ of restoring the social compact. 3 Analytical reports on General Assembly’s three open ended consult- 10 The Peacebuilding Commission Five Year Review: The Civil Society ative meetings with detailed overviews of States’ positions are avail- Perspective, June 2010. This joint policy paper (developed by the able at www.betterpeace.org. Together for a Better Peace is a joint Global Partnership for the Prevention of Armed Con"ict (GPPAC) World Federalist Movement and Institute for Global Policy project and the Institute for Global Policy) outlines the main conclusions on the Peacebuilding Commission. and re"ections resulting from GPPAC’s consultations with civil so- 4 Review of Peacebuilding Architecture Emerging Issues, available at ciety organisations in Burundi and Sierra Leone, and meetings with http://bit.ly/boa7FB. NGOs in New York on the review of the PBC in spring 2010. Available 5 Some Emerging Recommendations, available at http://bit.ly/9R0Ir9. at http://bit.ly/caQlUz. 0

10 HUMAN RIGHTS MONITOR QUARTERLY | JULY 2010 PEACEB UILDING COMMISSION

PEACEBUILDING FUND LOOKING FORWARD

2EXMSREP 2+3W SJXIR JSGYW SR XLI 4&* [LIR WIIOMRK 8LI GSJEGMPMXEXSVW WYFQMXXIH XLIMV VITSVX SR XLI VIZMI[ SJ MRXIVREXMSREP TIEGIFYMPHMRK WYTTSVX VEXLIV XLER XLI 4&' -X XLI4&'XSXLI4VIWMHIRXSJXLI+IRIVEP%WWIQFP]SR.YP] WIIQWXLEXQER]GMZMPWSGMIX]EGXSVWLEZI]IXXSJYPP]YRHIVWXERH 2010.13 They concluded that the PBC is ³RS[EXEGVSWWVSEHW´ ERHVIGSKRMWIXLIVSPISJXLI4&' ERHVEXLIVXLEREPPS[MRKMXXSWIXXPIMRXSXLI³PMQMXIHVSPI´MXLEW LEHXSHEXI7XEXIWEVI³WXVSRKP]´MRJEZSYVSJVIZEQTMRKXLI4&' 8LI 4&' VIZMI[ MW YRPMOIP] XS MQTEGX SR XLI STIVEXMSREP ERHVIEJ½VQMRKXLEXTIEGIFYMPHMRKMWEXXLIZIV]LIEVXSJXLI EWTIGXWSJXLI4&*WMRGIXLI4&73VIGIRXP]VIZMWIHXLI*YRH´W 92´W[SVO14 XIVQWSJVIJIVIRGI118LIQEMRMWWYIEXWXEOIMRXLIVIZMI[MWXLI VIPEXMSRWLMTFIX[IIRXLI4&*ERHXLI4&' ;LMPI7XEXIWQMKLXEKVIISRXLIOMRHSJ4&'XLI][SYPHPMOI XSWIIIQIVKIXLI]EVIPMOIP]XSLSPHEVERKISJZMI[WEFSYX 'YVVIRXP]XLI4&'I\IVGMWIWZIV]PMXXPISZIVWMKLXSJXLI4&*ERH [LEXEGXMSRWRIIHXSFIXEOIRERHF][LSQXSEGLMIZIWYGL some States12[ERXXLI4&'XSLEZIEKVIEXIVWYTIVZMWSV]VSPI ERIRXMX];IGERXLIVIJSVII\TIGXPMZIP]HIFEXIWMRFSXLXLI MRGPYHMRKMRXLI4&*´WTVMSVMX]WIXXMRKERHVIWSYVGIEPPSGEXMSR +IRIVEP%WWIQFP]ERH7IGYVMX]'SYRGMPEFSYXXLI[E]JSV[EVH ,S[IZIVSXLIVWQEMRP]7XEXIWXLEXEVIHSRSVGSYRXVMIWTVIJIV FYXXLIXMQMRKSJXLIWIHIFEXIWMWYRGPIEVEXXLMWWXEKI Ŷ XSOIITXLITSPMXMGEPVSPIXSEQMRMQYQ

Desired outcomes

Following their review of the PBC, the co-facilitators outlined the changes they would like to see emerge:

A more relevant PBC, with genuine national ownership ensured through capacity-building and greater civil society involvement; sim- plification of procedures; more effective resource mobilisation; deeper coordination with the international financial institutions; and a stronger regional dimension.

A more flexible PBC, with a possibility of multi-tiered engagement.

A better performing PBC, with an Organisational Committee that has improved status and focus; Country-Specific Configurations that are better resourced, more innovative, and have a stronger field identity.

A more empowered PBC, with a considerably strengthened relationship with the Security Council as well as with the General Assem- bly and ECOSOC.

A better supported PBC, with a strongly performing PBSO that carries greater weight within the Secretariat; and a PBF that is fully attuned to the purposes for which it was created.

A more ambitious PBC, with a more diverse range of countries on its agenda.

A better understood PBC, with an effective communications strategy that spells out what it has to offer and creates a more positive branding.

11 The main changes for the terms of reference were a broadening of the scope of the PBF to include ‘e$orts to revitalise the economy and generate immediate peace dividends to the population at large’ and 13 The report is available at http://bit.ly/9uQ2hk a restructuring of the PBF’s funding facilities. 14 Executive summary of the report of the review of the PBC, available 12 Non-Aligned Movement, African Group. at http://bit.ly/9JoxaK

INTERNATIONAL SERVICE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 11 INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTS

HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL 'SRWIRWYWVIIWXEFPMWLIHSRJVIIHSQSJVIPMKMSRERHFIPMIJFYXHMZMWMZIETTSMRXQIRXWXS WTIGMEPTVSGIHYVIWXEMRXth session Creative Commons Creative Nuns in Kerala, South India. The resolution on freedom of religion or belief was adopted without a vote at the Human Rights Council's 14th session in June 2010.

he 14thWIWWMSRSJXLI,YQER6MKLXW'SYRGMPXSSOTPEGIJVSQ1E]XS.YRI8LIWIWWMSRQEVOIHXLIIRHSJXLI TCouncil’s 4th]IEVERHIRHIH[MXLQM\IHVIWYPXW4SWMXMZIHIZIPSTQIRXWGSYPHFIWIIRMRWIZIVEPXLIQEXMGEVIEW EPEVKINSMRX WXEXIQIRXSRQEXIVREPQSVXEPMX]EGSRWIRWYWVIWSPYXMSRSRJVIIHSQSJVIPMKMSRSVFIPMIJERHEHMWGYWWMSRSJHIGVMQMREPMWEXMSR SJGSRWIRWYEPWI\YEPGSRHYGX ,S[IZIVXLIVIWTSRWIXSGSYRXV]WMXYEXMSRWEPXLSYKLWSQI[LEXMQTVSZIH[MXLRI[VIWSPYXMSRW SRXLILYQERVMKLXWWMXYEXMSR-R/]VK]^WXERERHWGLSSPGLMPHVIRMR%JKLERMWXER[EWWXMPP[IEO;LEXXEMRXIHXLIWIWWMSRQSWX[EW XLIHMZMWMZIETTSMRXQIRXSJWIZIVEPWTIGMEPTVSGIHYVIWXLEXWE[EVIKVIXXEFPIHITEVXYVIJVSQXLIIWXEFPMWLIHTVEGXMGISJ'SYRGMP IRHSVWIQIRXSJXLI4VIWMHIRX´WETTSMRXQIRXW8LIPEGOSJVIWTIGXJSVXLIEYXLSVMX]SJ%QFEWWEHSV:ER1IIY[IRXLI'SYRGMP W4VIWMHIRX[EWTIVLETWSJPMXXPIWYVTVMWI,MWMRJPYIRGIWIIQIHPMQMXIHXLVSYKLSYXLMWXIRYVIFYXHYVMRKXLIth session, as his XIVQ[EWGSQMRKXSERIRHLMWTSPMXMGEPGETMXEPHMQMRMWLIHJYVXLIV8LMW[EWEPWSTPEMRP]SFZMSYW[LIR7XEXIWVIJYWIHXSHMWGYWW LMWWYKKIWXIH³VSEHQET´JSVXLIVIZMI[SJXLI'SYRGMP1

INTERACTION WITH THE HIGH COMMISSIONER

8LIHMEPSKYI[MXLXLI,MKL'SQQMWWMSRIVJSV,YQER6MKLXW XLI,MKL'SQQMWWMSRIV 1W2EZERIXLIQ4MPPE]SR1E] [EWSZIVWLEHS[IHF]XLIEXXEGOWSJXLEXQSVRMRKF]-WVEIPMJSVGIWSRELYQERMXEVMEREMHJPSXMPPELIEHMRKJSVXLI+E^E7XVMT(MW GYWWMSRSJXLIOI]TSMRXWSJLIVYTHEXIXSXLI'SYRGMPMRGPYHMRKXLI1MPPIRRMYQ(IZIPSTQIRX+SEPW7YQQMXXSFILIPHMR7IT XIQFIVXLIYTGSQMRKthERRMZIVWEV]SJXLI(IGPEVEXMSRSRXLI6MKLXXS(IZIPSTQIRXMRERHERYQFIVSJGSYRXV] WTIGMJMGWMXYEXMSRWMRGPYHMRK7VM0EROE8LEMPERHERH2MKIVME[EWPMQMXIHEWEVIWYPX2

;LMPIQER]7XEXIWI\TVIWWIHXLIMVGSRXMRYMRKWYTTSVXSJXLIMRHITIRHIRGISJXLI3JJMGISJXLI,MKL'SQQMWWMSRIVJSV,YQER Rights (OHCHR),3%PKIVMEVIMXIVEXIHMXWGEPPJSV3,',6XSYRHIVXEOIQSVIMRHITXLGSRWYPXEXMSRW[MXLGSRGIVRIHGSYRXVMIW TVMSVXSIWXEFPMWLMRKJMIPHSJJMGIW48LI%JVMGER+VSYTEPWSWXEXIHXLEXXLI'SYRGMPWLSYPHFIKMZIREWE]MREPPQEXXIVWSJTSPMG]E VIJIVIRGIXSXLIGYVVIRXRIKSXMEXMSRWMR2I[=SVOSJ4VSKVEQQIXLI92´WTSPMG]JVEQI[SVOJSVMXWLYQERVMKLXWEGXMZMXMIW5

7IZIVEP7XEXIWXSSOXLISTTSVXYRMX]XSSJJIVXLIMVZMI[WSRXLIYTGSQMRK'SYRGMPVIZMI[WSQIGEPPMRKJSVXLI'SYRGMPXSFI WXVIRKXLIRIH 4EOMWXERSRFILEPJSJXLI3VKERMÊXMSRSJXLI-WPEQMG'SRJIVIRGI 3-' 9/ [MXLWIZIVEP7XEXIWMRWMWXMRKXLEXXLMW WLSYPHRSXMRZSPZI³VISTIRMRK´XLIMRWXMXYXMSRFYMPHMRKTEGOEKI6 4EOMWXERSRFILEPJSJXLI3-''LMRE&VE^MP-RHSRIWME%ÎVFEMNER ERHSXLIVWVIUYIWXMRKXLEXXLIVIZMI[TVSGIWWWLSYPHRSXHIXVEGXJVSQXLI'SYRGMP´WSRKSMRK[SVO 'LMRE%YWXVME%ÎVFEMNER

1 See the article on the Council review process in this edition for more information. 2 See ISHR 'Opening of Council's 14th session marked by Gaza "otilla incident', 6 June 2010: http://bit.ly/9cZRex. 3 Lithuania, Morocco, New Zealand, Spain. 4 See Human Rights Monitor Quarterly, 'Human Rights Council', April 2010, Issue 1, p.2: http://bit.ly/aBbany. 5 For a summary of the General Assembly's most recent discussion (2008) on Programme 19 and a more detailed explanation of what Programme 19 is and how it is developed, see ISHR's New York Monitor, 63rd session, Human Rights Council report and the O#ce of the High Commissioner for Human Rights and annex on p. 17: http://www.ishr.ch/new-york-monitor/general-assembly. 6 The institution-building package is the basis for the Council's work, Resolution 5/1: http://bit.ly/dwlLzz. For more information on the institution-building process at the Council see: www.ishr.ch/institution-building.

12 HUMAN RIGHTS MONITOR QUARTERLY | JULY 2010 HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL

APPOINTMENT OF SPECIAL PROCEDURES Defrosting of relations between Security Council 8LIETTSMRXQIRXTVSGIWWWE[WSQIMQTVSZIQIRXEXXLMWWIWWMSRGSQTEVIHXSTVIZMSYWWIWWMSRW and High Commissioner EWXLI'SRWYPXEXMZI+VSYTTVIWIRXIHEQYGLMQTVSZIHVITSVXSRXLIVIGSQQIRHIHGERHMHEXIW JSVXLIWTIGMEPTVSGIHYVIWXSXLI4VIWMHIRX,S[IZIVXLITVSGIWWMRXLI'SYRGMP[EWQEVOIH The High Commissioner for Human Rights addressed F]VIKMSREPJEGXMSREPMWQSTIRTSPMXMGMWEXMSRERHEHMWXYVFMRKPEGOSJVIWTIGXJSVXLIEYXLSVMX]SJ the Security Council on 7 XLI4VIWMHIRXSJXLI'SYRGMP2MKIVME SRFILEPJSJXLI%JVMGER+VSYT VEMWIHSFNIGXMSRWXSXLI July 2010 when it held an 4VIWMHIRX´WPMWXSJETTSMRXQIRXWXSXLIWTIGMEPTVSGIHYVIW8LMWVIWYPXIHMREXLVIILSYVWYWTIR open debate on the protec- WMSRSJXLIWIWWMSRHYVMRK[LMGLXLI%JVMGER+VSYTERHXLI3-'WYGGIWWJYPP]KSXXLIETTSMRX tion of civilians in armed con- QIRXWGLERKIHJSVXLI-RHITIRHIRX)\TIVXSR&YVYRHMERHXLI7TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYVSRJVIIHSQ flict. This was the first time SJVIPMKMSRSVFIPMIJ8,S[IZIVEXXIQTXWXSEPWSVITPEGIXLIRI[-RHITIRHIRX)\TIVXSRXLIVMKLX the High Commissioner has addressed the Council since XSIHYGEXMSR[MXLEGERHMHEXIJVSQ9KERHEJEMPIH8LMWFPEXERXTSPMXMGEPLSVWIXVEHMRKWIVMSYWP] Ms Louise Arbour, the previ- HEQEKIWXLIMRXIKVMX]SJXLIETTSMRXQIRXTVSGIWWERHTSWIWEVIEPVMWOXSXLIW]WXIQSJWTIGMEP ous High Commissioner, did TVSGIHYVIW-XMWLSTIHXLEXXLIRI\X4VIWMHIRX[MPPFIEFPIXS[MXLWXERHWYGLTSPMXMGEPTVIWWYVI so in May 2007 (see ISHR’s ERHIRWYVIXLEXLMWETTSMRXQIRXWIRNS]XLIRIGIWWEV]WYTTSVX6IKVIXXEFP]XLIETTSMRXQIRXW Human Rights Monitor 2007, HMHRSXMRGPYHIEWMRKPI[SQEREPXLSYKLXLI'SYRGMP´WMRWXMXYXMSREPJVEQI[SVO Resolution 5/1) p. 79, at http://bit.ly/dqZ8Gn). requires due consideration be given to gender balance. Overall, they also resulted in a reduc The High Commissioner was invited to address the Securi- XMSRSJXLIRYQFIVSJ[SQIRQERHEXILSPHIVW X[SSJXLIQERHEXIW[IVITVIZMSYWP]LIPHF] ty Council on the same topic [SQIR FVMRKMRKXLISZIVEPPRYQFIVXSSYXSJ in November 2009, but was unable to attend. New mandate holders Although the High Commis- Working Group on enforced disappearances: Mr Ariel Dulitzky (Argentina/US) sioner was invited under a Working Group on mercenaries: Mr Faiza Patel (Pakistan) thematic topic, this did not prevent her from speaking Special Rapporteur on freedom of religion or belief: Mr Heiner Bielefeldt (Germany) directly about several coun- Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial executions: Mr Christof Heyns (South Africa) try situations and suggest- Special Rapporteur on the right to education: Mr Kishore Singh (India) ing responses to the Security Independent Expert on Burundi: Mr Fatsah Ouguergouz (Algeria) Council. In her most recent Special Rapporteur on toxic waste: Mr Calin Georgescu (Romania) remarks she: Special Rapporteur on the DPRK: Mr Marzuki Darusman (Indonesia) tdetailed her concerns about the situation in Afghanistan, THEMATIC DEVELOPMENTS the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Guinea, %XMXW.YRIWIWWMSRXLI'SYRGMPLIPHMRXIVEGXMZIHMEPSKYIW[MXLWTIGMEPTVSGIHYVIWEPSRK Haiti, Kyrgyzstan, Gaza, Sri 9 [MXLJMZIXLIQEXMGTERIPHIFEXIW Lanka and the Sudan (Darfur) twelcomed the Security ,YQERVMKLXWHIJIRHIVWVITVMWEPWERHXLIOMPPMRKSJ*PSVMFIVX'LIFI]E Council’s action to establish 8LI'SYRGMP´WHMWGYWWMSRSJXLI7IGVIXEV]+IRIVEP´WVITSVXSRVITVMWEPWEKEMRWXXLSWI[LSLEZI commissions of inquiry to GSSTIVEXIH[MXLXLI92LYQERVMKLXWW]WXIQVIZIEPIHEPEGOSJYVKIRG]EQSRKWX7XEXIW103J hold perpetrators of human XLI7XEXIWQIRXMSRIHMRXLIVITSVXIMKLXLEHJEMPIHXSTVSZMHIER]MRJSVQEXMSREFSYXWXITW rights abuses accountable, but noted that ‘more use FIMRKXEOIRXSLSPHXLITIVTIXVEXSVWEGGSYRXEFPI[LMPIXLIVITPMIWVIGIMZIHMRXLISXLIVWM\ can be made of such mecha- GEWIW[IVIKIRIVEPP]YRWEXMWJEGXSV]-RHMEERH-WVEIPHIRMIHXLIEPPIKEXMSRW[MXLSYXER]EXXIQTX nisms,’ and stressed the need XS MRZIWXMKEXI XLIQ7VM 0EROE WXEXIH XLEX MX [SYPH RSX XSPIVEXI EXXEGOW EKEMRWX LYQER VMKLXW for national processes to be HIJIRHIVWFYXXLIRUYIWXMSRIHXLIPIKMXMQEG]SJXLSWIHIJIRHIVW/IR]EGSQQMXXIHMXWIPJXSER ‘credible, independent and MRZIWXMKEXMSRMRXSXLIOMPPMRKSJX[SLYQERVMKLXWHIJIRHIVW11 FYXSZIVSRI]IEVEJXIVXLIMVHIEXLW impartial’ XLI7IGVIXEV]+IRIVEPLEW]IXXSVIGIMZIER]MRJSVQEXMSREFSYXWYGLERMRZIWXMKEXMSR tencouraged the Security Council to make greater use of information gathered by 7 The Consultative Group is made up of a representative (in practice an Ambassador) from each of the !ve her Office and the special regional groups, acting in their personal capacity. The Consultative Group proposes a list of candidates that procedures of the Human possess the highest quali!cations for the mandates to be !lled. Rights Council, pointing 8 The President had nominated Mr Alain Didier Olinga (Cameroon) as the Independent Expert on Burundi and Ms Ambiga Sreenevasan (Malaysia) as the Special Rapporteur on freedom of religion or belief. out that their monitoring of 9 For brief summaries of key interactive dialogues see www.ishr.ch/council. For a list of special procedures re- human rights situations can ports considered, see ISHR's Council Alert for the 14th session: http://bit.ly/abBoET. The Council held panel ‘sound an alarm when situa- discussions on tra#cking, the protection of journalists in armed con"ict, maternal mortality, toxic waste, tions are at risk of degenerat- and a full day panel on women's human rights and education. ing into violence’. 10 A/HRC/14/19: http://bit.ly/be3rVN. 11 Oscar Kamau Kingara, a Kenyan human rights defender, and his assistant, Mr John Paul Oulu, of the Oscar * See meeting record Foundation Free Legal Aid Clinic, were killed in March 2009. Mr Kingara had provided information to the (SPV.6354) available at: http:// UN Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial executions, Mr Philip Alston, during his recent o#cial visit to the bit.ly/aeUc3z country. This case was discussed at the 11th session of the Council, see p.8: http://bit.ly/d6RQeB.

INTERNATIONAL SERVICE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 13 INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTS

8LIVI[EWEPWSEPS[PIZIPSJ7XEXIIRKEKIQIRX[MXLXLIVITSVXHYVMRKXLIKIRIVEPHIFEXI[MXL DRC: Security Council NYWXJSYV7XEXIWEHHVIWWMRKXLIWYFNIGX12+MZIRXLEXLYQERVMKLXWHIJIRHIVWEVIMQTSVXERXEPPMIW begins controversial troop SJXLI'SYRGMPMRFVMRKMRKXSMXWEXXIRXMSRWMXYEXMSRWSRXLIKVSYRHXLMWPEGOSJMRXIVIWXTSMRXW withdrawal XSEHIITIVPEGOSJGSRGIVR[MXLXLIIJJIGXMZIRIWWSJXLI'SYRGMPMRYTLSPHMRKXLIVMKLXWSJMRHM On 28 May 2010 the Security ZMHYEPW8LSWI7XEXIWXLEXWTSOIGEPPIHJSVQSVIZMWMFMPMX]XSFIKMZIRXSEXXEGOWEKEMRWXLYQER Council unanimously adopted VMKLXWHIJIRHIVWEWEQIERWXSGSQFEXMQTYRMX] Resolution 1925, under which the UN peacekeeping mission Killing of prominent human rights defender in the DRC in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), MONUC, will be The Council’s debate on reprisals coincided with the killing of a prominent human rights defender in reduced by ‘up to 2,000 UN the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Floribert Chebeya was the Executive Director of the NGO military personnel’ by 30 June 2010. MONUC will also be Voix des sans Voix. NGOs called for a credible, impartial, and independent inquiry to investigate the replaced by a new UN stabili- circumstances of his death and the disappearance of his driver Fidèle Bazana Edadi. On the initiative sation mission called MONUS- of the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, Mr Philip Alston, the CO, which will commence its Council held a minute of silence in memory of Mr Chebeya, which went some way towards increasing one year mandate on 1 July the visibility given to attacks of this nature. The killing of Mr Chebeya drew widespread condemnation 2010. The protection of civil- and concern during the Council’s debate on situations requiring its attention (Item 4). A large number ians remains the top priority of the UN mission, and spe- of States called for additional information surrounding his death, and an independent, impartial and cific language regarding the transparent investigation. In exercising its right of reply, the DRC noted that the director of the police need to protect civilians from has been suspended, and that four forensic experts from the Netherlands would be joining the chief ‘all forms of sexual and gen- prosecutor in conducting an autopsy.’ der-based violence’ remains. 7I\YEPSVMIRXEXMSRVIWMWXERGIXSHMWGYWWMSR Further withdrawal of troops will depend on ‘the evolution 8LIMWWYISJWI\YEPSVMIRXEXMSRERHLYQERVMKLXWGEQIYTMRWIZIVEPHIFEXIWHYVMRKXLIWIWWMSR of the situation on the ground’ 8LIVITSVXSJXLI7TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYVSRXLIVMKLXXSLIEPXL1V%RERH+VSZIVJSGYWIHSRXLI as well as the achievement of GVMQMREPMWEXMSR SJ GSRWIRWYEP WI\YEP VIPEXMSRWSVMIRXEXMSRWI\ [SVOERH ,-:%-(7 XVERWQMW three objectives: sion.13-RTEVXMGYPEVXLIVITSVXI\EQMRIHXLI[E]MR[LMGLXLIGVMQMREPMWEXMSRSJWEQIWI\VIPE XMSRWERHWEQIWI\SVMIRXEXMSRMQTIHIWXLIIUYEPVIEPMWEXMSRSJXLIVMKLXXSLIEPXL tthe completion of ongoing military operations in North and South Kivu as well as Ori- 8LIHMWGYWWMSRWVIZIEPIHXLIGSRXMRYMRKLMKLPIZIPSJSTTSWMXMSRJVSQQER]7XEXIWIZIRXSVEMW entale provinces MRKXLIMWWYISJWI\YEPSVMIRXEXMSREXXLI'SYRGMP7SQIEVKYIHXLEXMRJSGYWMRKSRERMWWYIXLEX 14 timp rove d G ove r nm e nt HSIWRSXLEZIYRMZIVWEPWYTTSVX1V%RERHLEHSZIVWXITTIHLMWQERHEXI 4EOMWXER SRFILEPJSJ capacity to protect the popu- XLI3-' EGGYWIHXLI7TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYVSJFMEWERHGVMXMGMWIHLMQJSVLEZMRKJSGYWIHSRE³RIK lation effectively, and PMKMFPIKVSYT´7SYXL%JVMGEEHZERGIHXLIZMI[XLEXXLI7TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYVWLSYPHLEZIJSGYWIH tthe consolidation of State QSVISRSXLIVQEVKMREPMWIHKVSYTWERH&ERKPEHIWLEVKYIHXLEXPIWFMERKE]FMWI\YEPERHXVERW authority throughout the KIRHIVTIVWSRWEVIRSXQEVKMREPMWIHEXEPPERHXLEXXLI7TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYV[EWXV]MRKXS³MRZIRX´ territory ERI[QEVKMREPMWIHKVSYT4EOMWXERIRHIHMXWWXEXIQIRXF][EVRMRKXLI7TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYVXLEX MX[SYPHQSRMXSVLMWJYXYVIEGXMZMXMIWERHXEOI³ETTVSTVMEXIEGXMSR´MJLIGSRXMRYIHXSHMWVIWTIGX The resolution represents a XLI'SHISJ'SRHYGXJSVWTIGMEPTVSGIHYVIW15 compromise between the DRC’s call for a complete withdrawal of troops by mid- 7MQMPEVGSQQIRXW[IVIQEHIMRXLIMRXIVEGXMZIHMEPSKYI[MXLXLI7TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYVSRVEGMWQ 2011, and the concerns of all Mr Muigai.16-RLMWVITSVXLILEHRSXIHXLEXXLIMHIRXMX]SJETIVWSRMWMRJPYIRGIHF]³QYPXMTPIGSQ 15 members of the Security TSRIRXWWYGLEWKIRHIVEKIREXMSREPMX]TVSJIWWMSRWI\YEPSVMIRXEXMSRTSPMXMGEPSTMRMSRVIPMKMSYW Council that this timeline was EJJMPMEXMSRERHWSGMEPSVMKMR´7IZIVEP7XEXIWMRGPYHMRK7SYXL%JVMGE)K]TXERHXLI7YHERSFNIGXIH ‘premature’. XSXLIMRGPYWMSRSJWI\YEPSVMIRXEXMSREWTEVXSJERMRHMZMHYEP´WMHIRXMX]7SYXL%JVMGEIZIRGPEMQIH XLEXXLI7TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYVLEH³HIQIERIHXLIPIKMXMQEXITPMKLXSJXLIZMGXMQWSJVEGMWQ´ In a concession to the DRC and in recognition that much Joint study on secret detention of the western part of the th th country is now relatively %JXIVMRMXMEPP]FIMRKWGLIHYPIHJSVGSRWMHIVEXMSREXXLI WIWWMSRSJXLI'SYRGMPXLI ses stable, MONUSCO's 20,000 WMSRJMREPP]WE[XLITVIWIRXEXMSRSJXLINSMRXWXYH]SR³KPSFEPTVEGXMGIWMRVIPEXMSRXSWIGVIX military personnel will be con- HIXIRXMSRMRXLIGSRXI\XSJGSYRXIVMRKXIVVSVMWQ´188LIVITSVXLEHIEVPMIVFIIRFPSGOIHSR centrated in the east where the human rights situation 12 Norway, Spain on behalf of the EU, Sweden, and Switzerland. remains highly volatile. How- 13 See http://bit.ly/9I02Pa. 14 Algeria, Botswana, Egypt, Iran, Nigeria (on behalf of the African Group), Pakistan (on behalf of the OIC). ever, given the unpredictable 15 Code of Conduct for Special Procedures: http://bit.ly/ayp03Q. nature of events in the coun- 16 A/HRC/14/43: http://bit.ly/9LaFm1. try and general instability in 17 A/HRC/14/43: p.7: http://bit.ly/9LaFm1. the region, MONUSCO 18 A/HRC/13/42: http://bit.ly/dsVmeu. The study was undertaken by the Special Rapporteur on the promo-

14 HUMAN RIGHTS MONITOR QUARTERLY | JULY 2010 HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL

KVSYRHWXLEXWMRGIMXLEHFIIRYRHIVXEOIRSRXLIMRMXMEXMZISJXLIQERHEXILSPHIVWVEXLIVXLER EXXLIVIUYIWXSJXLI'SYRGMPMXWLSYPHRSXFIGSRWMHIVIHFIJSVIEPPXLI'SYRGMP´WSYXWXERHMRK will also 'keep a reserve force 19 capable of redeploying rapid- VIUYIWXIHVITSVXWLEHFIIRHIEPX[MXL ly elsewhere in the country.'

(IWTMXIXLIHIPE]XLIJEGXXLEXXLIVITSVX[EWGSRWMHIVIHEXEPPYTLIPHXLITVMRGMTPIXLEXXLI A concerning omission from WTIGMEPTVSGIHYVIWEVIEFPISRXLIMVS[RMRMXMEXMZIXSXEOIYTER]MWWYIWXLEXJEPP[MXLMRXLIMV MONUSCO’s mandate is any QERHEXI2IZIVXLIPIWWWSQI7XEXIWWYGLEW'LMREGSRXMRYIHXSGPEMQXLEXMX[EWMRFVIEGLSJ explicit requirement that XLI'SHISJ'SRHYGXJSVXLIWTIGMEPTVSGIHYVIWXSXEOIYTER]QEXXIVWFI]SRHXLSWIXLEXXLI its support to the Congo- 'SYRGMPHMVIGXP]VIUYIWXIHXLIQXSPSSOMRXS lese military forces (FARDC) be ‘strictly conditioned on FARDC’s compliance with % FVSEH VERKI SJ 7XEXIW20 I\TVIWWIH GSRGIVR EFSYX XLI [E] MR [LMGL MRJSVQEXMSR LEH FIIR international humanitarian, SFXEMRIHJSVXLIWXYH]TEVXMGYPEVP]XLIYWISJERSR]QSYWWSYVGIWERHUYIWXMSRIHXLIEGGYVEG] human rights and refugee law SJWSQISJXLIGEWIWMRGPYHIHMRXLIVITSVX8LI6YWWMER*IHIVEXMSR[IRXWSJEVEWXSWXEXIXLEX and on an effective joint plan- XLIYWISJERSR]QSYWMRJSVQEXMSR[EWMRFVIEGLSJXLI'SHISJ'SRHYGXWMRGIMXHMHRSXEPPS[ ning of these operations.’ This had been a critical safeguard 7XEXIWXSMRZIWXMKEXIXLIGSQTPEMRXWQEHI%PKIVMEQEHIVIJIVIRGIXSXLIVIUYMVIQIRXXLEXWTI in MONUC’s 2009 mandate GMEPTVSGIHYVIWQYWX³VIP]SRSFNIGXMZIERHHITIRHEFPIJEGXWFEWIHSRIZMHIRXMEV]WXERHEVHWXLEX (Resolution 1906, para.22). EVIETTVSTVMEXIXSXLIRSRNYHMGMEPGLEVEGXIVSJXLIVITSVXWERHGSRGPYWMSRWXLI]EVIGEPPIHYTSR The Special Rapporteur on XSHVE[YT´21FYXMKRSVIHXLIJYVXLIVVIUYMVIQIRXXLEXWTIGMEPTVSGIHYVIWWLSYPHRSXREQIMRHM extrajudicial executions, Mr ZMHYEPW[LIVIXSHSWS[SYPHTPEGIXLSWIMRHMZMHYEPWMRHERKIV228LIEYXLSVWSJXLINSMRXWXYH] Phillip Alston, has repeatedly RSXIHXLEXXLMW[EWEVIEPMWWYIEWQER]SJXLSWIXLI]LEHWTSOIRXSJIEVIHJSVXLIMVWEJIX]MR alerted the Security Council to the obvious risk to its own TVSZMHMRKMRJSVQEXMSRJSVXLIWXYH] reputation and that of the UN as a whole if it allows UN mili- %PXLSYKLQER]7XEXIWI\TVIWWIHXLIZMI[XLEXXLIMRZIWXMKEXMSRSJWIGVIXHIXIRXMSR[EWMQTSV tary forces to cooperate with XERXXLIVIMWGYVVIRXP]RSMRHMGEXMSRXLEXER]7XEXIMW[MPPMRKXSJSPPS[YTSRXLIWYKKIWXMSRSJ senior Congolese military 1V7GLIMRMRXLI7TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYVSRXLITVSQSXMSRERHTVSXIGXMSRSJLYQERVMKLXW[LMPI commanders who are known to have committed war crimes GSYRXIVMRKXIVVSVMWQXLEXXLI'SYRGMPWLSYPHEHSTXEVIWSPYXMSRSRXLIWXYH] WVIGSQQIRHE and other serious abuses XMSRW8LMWGPIEVP]GEPPWMRXSUYIWXMSRNYWXLS[GSQQMXXIH7XEXIWVIEPP]EVIXSGSQFEXXMRKXLI against civilians.* TVEGXMGISJWIGVIXHIXIRXMSR Prior to MONUSCO’s creation, )\XVENYHMGMEPI\IGYXMSRW the Special Rapporteur rec- 8LITVIWIRXEXMSRSJXLIERRYEPVITSVXSJXLI7TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYVSRI\XVENYHMGMEPWYQQEV]SV ommended that MONUC’s EVFMXVEV]I\IGYXMSRW23WE[WXVSRKSTMRMSRWZSMGIHSRFSXLWMHIWSJEHMZMHIHHMEPSKYI conditionality policy be made public, strictly adhered to, and its implementation monitored -RVIWTSRWIXSLMWGEPPJSVERMRXIVREXMSREPMRUYMV]MRXSLYQERVMKLXWZMSPEXMSRWGSQQMXXIHHYVMRK by a mechanism independent XLIEVQIHGSRJPMGXMR7VM0EROEXLI7XEXIGSRHIQRIH[LEXMXHIWGVMFIHEWXLI7TIGMEP6ETTSV of the UN. XIYV´WPEGOSJTVSJIWWMSREPMWQERHMRXIKVMX]MRXLII\IGYXMSRSJLMWQERHEXI8LI(6'³GEXIKSVM GEPP]VINIGXIH´XLIVITSVXSRLMWZMWMXXSXLEXGSYRXV]EPPIKMRKXLEXMXPEGOIHSFNIGXMZMX]ERH[EW *Report of the Special Rap- ³WXYJJIH[MXLMRWMRYEXMSRW´8LI97GVMXMGMWIH1V%PWXSRJSVXLIPEXIWYFQMWWMSRSJXLIVITSVXSR porteur’s mission to the DRC, (A/HRC/14/24/Add.3), 1 June XEVKIXIHOMPPMRKW-XGPEMQIHXLEXEWEVIWYPXMX[EWYREFPIXSVIWTSRHXSLMWGSRGIVRWEFSYXXLI 2010, available at http://bit. I\TERWMZIMRXIVTVIXEXMSRSJXLIVMKLXXSWIPJHIJIRGIYWIHF]XLI97MRMXWJMKLXEKEMRWXXIVVSV ly/9CGglq. MWQERHTEVXMGYPEVP]XLIMWWYISJHVSRIOMPPMRKWGEVVMIHSYXF]XLI97'IRXVEP-RXIPPMKIRGI%KIR G] '-% 8LI6YWWMER*IHIVEXMSRWXEXIHXLEXXLIPEXIWYFQMWWMSRSJVITSVXW[EW³GPIEVP]ERSXL IVI\EQTPISJEJPEKVERXZMSPEXMSRSJXLIGSHISJGSRHYGXJSVWTIGMEPTVSGIHYVIW´-XWEMHXLEXMX Chad: Security Council [SYPHEHHVIWWXLMWHYVMRKXLIVIZMI[SJXLI'SYRGMP´W[SVOERHJYRGXMSRMRK caves into demands to leave by 31 December -RVIXYVR1V%PWXSR[EWLMKLP]GVMXMGEPSJXLIYRGSRWXVYGXMZI[E]MR[LMGLXLIWI7XEXIWTEVXMGM TEXIHMRXLIHMEPSKYI,IEPWSLMKLPMKLXIHX[SQSVIKIRIVEPMWWYIWVIKEVHMRKXLIMRXIVEGXMSRSJ Security Council Resolution 1923, adopted on 25 May tion of human rights and fundamental freedoms while countering terrorism, the Special Rapporteur on 2010, sets out a timetable for torture, the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention and the Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary the rapid, but phased with- Disappearances. 19 For more information on the debate see ISHR’s Council Alert for the 14th session: http://bit.ly/bfWQrS. drawal of both military and 20 Canada, Ethiopia, the EU, Nepal, Nigeria on behalf of the African Group, Pakistan, Romania, Sri Lanka, Syria, civilian personnel working the UK and the USA. with the UN Mission in the 21 Code of Conduct for Special Procedures, Section 8c: http://bit.ly/ayp03Q. Central African Republic and 22 Code of Conduct for Special Procedures, Section 8b: http://bit.ly/ayp03Q. Chad (MINURCAT). 23 A/HRC/14/24: http://bit.ly/aXNXnn. Mr Alston also presented thematic reports on targeted killings, election-related violence and killings and police oversight mechanisms. Of these the report on targeted killings received the most attention from the Council.

INTERNATIONAL SERVICE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 15 INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTS

7XEXIW[MXLXLIWTIGMEPTVSGIHYVIW,IGEPPIHJSVXLIGSQQYRMGEXMSRWTVSGIHYVIXSFIVISV By 15 July, MINURCAT’s KERMWIHERHYRHIVPMRIHXLIRIIHJSVQSVIGVIEXMZIQIEWYVIWXSFIJSYRHXSIRGSYVEKIGSSTIV military component will be EXMSRSJ7XEXIW[MXLXLIWTIGMEPTVSGIHYVIWTEVXMGYPEVP]MREGGITXMRKGSYRXV]ZMWMXW8LIHMEPSKYI reduced from 3,300 to 2,200 QEVOIHXLIIRHSJ1V%PWXSR´WXIRYVISJXLIQERHEXIERHHIWTMXIXLIZSPEXMPIHMWGYWWMSRXLIVI troops, with the final withdrawal commencing on 15 [IVIQER]I\TVIWWMSRWSJETTVIGMEXMSRJSVLMW[SVO October 2010. By 31 Decem- ber, MINURCAT will cease to exist and in its wake, full *VIIHSQSJI\TVIWWMSREQSVIGSRWXVYGXMZIETTVSEGL responsibility to protect civil- -RGSQTEVMWSR[MXLHMWGYWWMSRSJXLIJMVWXVITSVX24SJXLI7TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYVSRXLITVSQSXMSR ians and assist refugees and ERHTVSXIGXMSRSJXLIVMKLXXSJVIIHSQSJSTMRMSRERHI\TVIWWMSR1V*VERO0E6YIXLIMRXIV internally displaced persons EGXMZIHMEPSKYIEXXLMWWIWWMSR[EWVIPEXMZIP]TSWMXMZI253RISJXLIQEMRXLIQIWSJ1V0E6YI´W (IDPs) in eastern Chad will VITSVX[EWTIVQMWWMFPIPMQMXEXMSRWXLEXGSYPHFITYXSRJVIIHSQSJI\TVIWWMSR8LIETTPMGEFMP revert to the Government of MX]SJHIJEQEXMSRSJVIPMKMSREWEFEWMWJSVPMQMXMRKJVIIHSQSJI\TVIWWMSRGSRXMRYIHXSKIRIVEXI Chad. HIITHMWEKVIIQIRXEQSRK7XEXIW;LMPI1V0E6YII\TVIWWIHWIVMSYWGSRGIVREFSYXHMWGVMQMRE In an effort to minimise the XMSRSRXLIFEWMWSJVIPMKMSRLIEPWSQEHIMXGPIEVXLEXLIGSRXMRYIWXSFIPMIZIXLEXXLITLIRSQ impacts on civilians, the Secu- IRSRWLSYPHRSXFIGSYRXIVIHF]VIWXVMGXMRKJVIIHSQSJI\TVIWWMSR3RXLISXLIVLERH%PKIVME rity Council requested that %^IVFEMNER&ERKPEHIWL)K]TX-VER2MKIVME SRFILEPJSJXLI%JVMGER+VSYT ERH4EOMWXER SR the Chadian Government and FILEPJSJXLI3-' LIPHXSXLIMVEVKYQIRXXLEXHIJEQEXMSRSJVIPMKMSRGSRWXMXYXIWMRGMXIQIRXXS the Secretary-General estab- HMWGVMQMREXMSRLEXVIHSVZMSPIRGIMRZMSPEXMSRSJ%VXMGPISJXLIInternational Covenant on Civil lish a joint high-level working group to make monthly and Political Rights -''46 &ERKPEHIWL[EWTEVXMGYPEVP]GVMXMGEPSJ1V0E6YIJSVLSPHMRKXSLMW assessments of the situation TSWMXMSR[LMGLXLI]GPEMQIHTVIZIRXIHXLITSWWMFMPMX]SJHMEPSKYI&YXXLIVI[IVIMRHMGEXMSRW on the ground with respect WYGLEWXLIQSVIHMTPSQEXMGPERKYEKIYWIHF]7XEXIWXLEXLEZITVIZMSYWP]FIIRZIV]GVMXMGEPSJ1V to the protection of civilians. 0E6YIERHXLIVIUYIWXWJVSQFSXLWMHIWJSVMRGVIEWIHYRHIVWXERHMRKXLEXJYXYVIMRXIVEGXMSRW This working group will con- FIX[IIRXLI7TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYVERHXLI'SYRGMPSRXLMWMWWYIQE]FIQSVIGSRWXVYGXMZI26 tinue to operate beyond the lifespan of MINURCAT, with an oversight responsibility 6IWSPYXMSRWEHSTXIH in respect of Chad’s achieve- 8LIRIKSXMEXMSRWEVSYRHXLIVIWSPYXMSRSRXLIVIRI[EPSJXLIQERHEXISJXLI7TIGMEP6ETTSV ment of three benchmarks XIYVSRJVIIHSQSJVIPMKMSRSVFIPMIJEPWSMRHMGEXIHEQSVIGSRGMPMEXSV]ETTVSEGLXSXLIMWWYI that were developed by the SJJVIIHSQSJVIPMKMSR4EOMWXERXLVIEXIRIHXS[MXLHVE[JVSQXLIRIKSXMEXMSRWYRPIWWPERKYEKI Secretary-General (para.3 of GSRHIQRMRKMRGMHIRXWSJMRGMXIQIRXXSVIPMKMSYWLEXVIHHMWGVMQMREXMSRMRXSPIVERGIERHZMSPIRGI Resolution 1923). [EWMRGPYHIH,S[IZIVMX[MXLHVI[EQIRHQIRXWGEPPMRKSRXLI7TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYVXSI\EQMRI The resolution was adopted WYGLMRGMHIRXWERHXSIRWYVIVIWTIGXJSVTPEGIWSJ[SVWLMTEJXIVXLI)9XSSOMXWGSRGIVRWSR unanimously in face of the FSEVH8LMWIRWYVIHXLEXXLIVIWSPYXMSR[EWEHSTXIH[MXLSYXEZSXI Government of Chad’s intrac- table position and despite 3XLIV VIWSPYXMSRW EHSTXIH EX XLI th session included a resolution to renew the mandate concern from members of SJXLI7TIGMEP6ITVIWIRXEXMZISJXLI7IGVIXEV]+IRIVEPSRMRXIVREPP]HMWTPEGIHTIVWSRWYRHIV the Security Council and civil [LMGLXLIXMXPISJXLIQERHEXI[MPPGLERKIXS7TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYVXSGSRJSVQXSXLI'SYRGMP´W society more broadly that the authorities lack the capac- RI[WXERHEVHMWIHETTSMRXQIRXTVSGIWW8LI'SYRGMPEPWSEHSTXIHEVIWSPYXMSRSR³EGGIPIVEXMRK ity to fill the security vacuum IJJSVXWXSIPMQMREXIEPPJSVQWSJZMSPIRGIEKEMRWX[SQIRIRWYVMRKHYIHMPMKIRGIMRTVIZIRXMSR´ that MINURCAT’s departure [MXLSYXEZSXI8LIVIWSPYXMSR[EWWTSRWSVIHF]'EREHEERHJSGYWIWSRTVIZIRXMRKZMSPIRGI will leave. The future remains EKEMRWX[SQIREWTEVXSJEWIVMIWSJXLVIIVIWSPYXMSRWXSFIXEFPIHSZIVXLIRI\XXLVII]IEVW particularly uncertain for 8LISXLIVX[S[MPPJSGYWSRTVSXIGXMSRERHVIQIHMIW8LIVIWSPYXMSRYVKIW7XEXIWXSEHSTXE humanitarian organisations WIVMIWSJWTIGMJMGQIEWYVIWEMQIHEXTVIZIRXMRKZMSPIRGIEKEMRWX[SQIR operating in eastern Chad, which fear that a reduced UN troop presence will heighten -RXLIVIWSPYXMSRSRXLIVMKLXSJTISTPIWXSTIEGI28 the Council requests the Human Rights their exposure to attack, and 'SYRGMP%HZMWSV]'SQQMXXIIXSHVEJXERMRXIVREXMSREPHIGPEVEXMSRSRXLIVMKLXSJTISTPIWXS may force them to suspend TIEGI8LMWVIWSPYXMSR[EWEHSTXIHF]ZSXI[MXLSTTSWMXMSRJVSQXLI)9ERH;IWXIVR7XEXIW operations altogether. 24 The !rst report, discussed at the 11th session of the Council in June 2009, had generated heated contro- For more background on versy due to the perception of some that Mr La Rue had not ful!lled his mandate, speci!cally allegations recent Security Council dis- that he had ignored the amendment to his mandate introduced by Pakistan, on behalf of the OIC, in March cussions on the DRC and 2008 calling on the Special Rapporteur to report on instances in which the abuse of the right of freedom of Chad, see ISHR Human Rights expression constitutes an act of racial or religious discrimination. During this year's dialogue however, this issue was only directly raised by Egypt. For more information see ISHR news piece, 'Heavy criticism against Monitor Quarterly, April 2010, Special Rapporteur on freedom of expression, http://bit.ly/9BxEQ9. at: www.ishr.ch/quarterly. 25 A/HRC/14/23: http://bit.ly/aS0Dbp. 26 This follows the reduction in support for Pakistan's traditional resolution on 'defamation of religion' at the March 2010 session of the Council: http://bit.ly/aEiG4V. 27 A/HRC/RES/14/12: http://bit.ly/bCgL08. 28 A/HRC/RES/14/3: http://bit.ly/bwUuBg.

16 HUMAN RIGHTS MONITOR QUARTERLY | JULY 2010 HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL

[LSEVKYIHXLEXMXMWSZIVP]JSGYWIHSRMRXIV7XEXIVIPEXMSRWVEXLIVXLERXLIVMKLXWSJMRHMZMHYEPW Security Council inaction [LSEVIEXXLIGSVISJXLI'SYRGMP´WQERHEXI29 on Kyrgyzstan %RI[VIWSPYXMSR[EWMRXVSHYGIHF]9OVEMRISRXLIVSPISJTVIZIRXMSRMRTVSQSXMRKERHTVS In contrast to the Council’s tecting human rights.30%XXIQTXWF]XLI)9PIHF],YRKEV]XSMRXVSHYGIQSVIWYFWXERXMZIIPI timely response to the deaths QIRXWMRXSXLIVIWSPYXMSRMRGPYHMRKMRHMGEXMRKXLIIPIQIRXWSJXLISFPMKEXMSRSJ7XEXIWXSTVIZIRX and humanitarian crisis in Kyr- LYQERVMKLXWZMSPEXMSRWJEMPIH8LIJMREPZIVWMSRWMQTP]GEPPWSR3,',6XSGSRZIRIE[SVOWLST gyzstan, the Security Council SRXLIGSRGITXYEPERHTVEGXMGEPMQTPMGEXMSRWSJXLIGSRGITXSJTVIZIRXMSR31 was unable to formally take up the matter. At the request 3XLIVHIZIPSTQIRXW of some members, the Secu- rity Council was briefed 3XLIVRSXI[SVXL]QSQIRXWMRGPYHIHXLITVIWIRXEXMSREXXLITERIPHIFEXISRQEXIVREPQSVXEP about the situation by the UN MX]SJENSMRXGVSWWVIKMSREPWXEXIQIRXYRHIVXLIPIEHIVWLMTSJ&YVOMRE*EWS'SPSQFMEERH2I[ Secretariat in closed meet- >IEPERH[MXLXLIXSXEPWYTTSVXSJ7XEXIW8LMWMWEVIGSVHJSVXLIRYQFIVSJWYTTSVXIVWJSV ings on 14 and 24 June. Both EWXEXIQIRXMRXLI'SYRGMP8LITVIZMSYWVIGSVHSJ[EWEPWSWIXJSVEWXEXIQIRXSRQEXIVREP meetings were held under an mortality, at the March 2009 session. existing agenda item to avoid Kyrgyzstan being added to the Council’s formal agenda. %TERIPHIFEXI[EWLIPHSRXLITVSXIGXMSRSJNSYVREPMWXWMREVQIHGSRJPMGX;LMPI7XEXIWI\TVIWWIH This approach was due to the GSRGIVRVIKEVHMRKXLIXLVIEXWXSNSYVREPMWXW[SVOMRKMRMRLIVIRXP]HERKIVSYWWMXYEXMSRWXLIVI[EW Russian Federation’s insis- PMXXPIEXXIQTXHYVMRKXLIHMWGYWWMSRXSQEOIEPMROFIX[IIRXLIZYPRIVEFMPMX]SJNSYVREPMWXWERHXLIMV tence that the outbreak of VSPIEWLYQERVMKLXWHIJIRHIVW8LIVI[EWLS[IZIVEGEPPJVSQ'EREHEJSVEJSPPS[YTTERIPSRXLI violence in Kyrgyzstan was an XEVKIXMRKSJNSYVREPMWXWHYVMRKTIEGIXMQIEREGORS[PIHKIQIRXXLEXMXMWXLIVSPIXLEXNSYVREPMWXWTPE] internal matter that did not threaten international peace XLEXTPEGIWXLIQMRHERKIVRSXNYWXXLIWSQIXMQIWHERKIVSYWWMXYEXMSRWMR[LMGLXLI][SVO and security. This view was shared by China and several '39286=74)'-*-'():)0341)287 other Council members, even after 100,000 people fled No debate on the situations in Burundi and the Sudan Kyrgyzstan to seek refuge in 6IKVIXXEFP]XLI-RHITIRHIRX)\TIVXWSRXLILYQERVMKLXWWMXYEXMSRWMR&YVYRHMERHXLI7YHER Uzbekistan. VIWTIGXMZIP][IVIYREFPIJSVTIVWSREPVIEWSRWXSTVIWIRXXLIMVVITSVXWXSXLI'SYRGMP Although no official statement was issued, the June 8LI'SYRGMP´WJEMPYVIXSSVKERMWIJSVXLI-RHITIRHIRX)\TIVXSRXLIWMXYEXMSRSJLYQERVMKLXWMR President of the Security &YVYRHMXSFVMIJMXFIJSVIPIEZMRKXLIQERHEXI[EWHMWETTSMRXMRK8LIGYVVIRXQERHEXILSPHIV1V Council, Ambassador Claude %OMGL3OSPE[MPPFIVITPEGIHMR.YP] WIIXI\XFS\SRRI[QERHEXILSPHIVW 8LIVIWSPY Heller of Mexico, commented XMSRGVIEXMRKXLIQERHEXISRP]EWOWXLI-RHITIRHIRX)\TIVXXSVITSVXXSXLI'SYRGMPEJXIVXLI to the media on 14 June that he and others had ‘expressed IWXEFPMWLQIRXSJERMRHITIRHIRXREXMSREPLYQERVMKLXWMRWXMXYXMSR32%WEVIWYPX1V3OSPELEWRSX concern about the risk of the ETTIEVIHFIJSVIXLI'SYRGMPWMRGI7ITXIQFIV&YVYRHMLIPHIPIGXMSRWMR.YRIERHXLI internationalisation of the cri- -RHITIRHIRX)\TIVXZMWMXIHXLIGSYRXV]MR1E]33 Under these circumstances, it seemed most sis’. However, they supported ETTVSTVMEXIXLEXXLI-RHITIRHIRX)\TIVXWLSYPHVITSVXXSXLI'SYRGMPSRLMWVIGIRXQMWWMSRXS the efforts of the Secretary- XLIGSYRXV]ERHTVIWIRXEPEWXYTHEXIXSXLI'SYRGMPSRHIZIPSTQIRXWWMRGI(IWTMXIER General and the Organisation I\GITXMSREPMRZMXEXMSRJVSQXLI4VIWMHIRXSJXLI'SYRGMPXS1V3OSPEXSVITSVXXSXLIth session, for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), and believed XLIMRXIVEGXMZIHMEPSKYIHMHRSXQEXIVMEPMWI-XWIIQWXLEXXLI-RHITIRHIRX)\TIVX[EWRSXEFPIXS any follow up on the situation EXXIRHHYIXSWGLIHYPMRKGSRJPMGXW was best handled by them.

8LI-RHITIRHIRX)\TIVXSRXLIWMXYEXMSRSJLYQERVMKLXWMRXLI7YHER1V1SLEQIH'LERHI The situation is yet to sta- 3XLQER[EWYREFPIXSTVIWIRXLMWVITSVXJSVQIHMGEPVIEWSRW;LMPIWSQIIJJSVXW[IVIQEHIXS bilise, and there is concern I\TPSVI[LIXLIVERSXLIVQERHEXILSPHIVGSYPHTVIWIRXXLIVITSVXSRLMWFILEPJXLI]WIIQIHXS that tensions may flare again LEZIJEMPIH-RXLIIRHXLI'SYRGMPHIGMHIHXSTSWXTSRIXLIGSRWMHIVEXMSRSJXLIVITSVXXS7IT with elections scheduled in October. The Government of 34 XIQFIVERHXSI\GITXMSREPP]I\XIRHXLIQERHEXIYRXMPXLIR +MZIRXLEXXLI-RHITIRHIRX)\TIVX´W Kyrgyzstan may well seek the VITSVXEQSRKSXLIVXLMRKWHIEPX[MXLXLIVIGIRXKIRIVEPIPIGXMSRWMRXLI7YHERMX[EWTEVXMGYPEVP] UN’s assistance to hold the YRJSVXYREXIXLEXXLI'SYRGMPGSYPHRSXGSRWMHIVMXMREXMQIP]QERRIV elections, which would provide the Security Council an opportunity to consider the 29 The resolution was adopted 31 in favour, 13 against, three abstentions situation anew. 30 A/HRC/RES/14/5: http://bit.ly/c3YuJ5. 31 For a list of all resolutions adopted at the 14th session of the Council see: http://bit.ly/bD7sSg. 32 See A/HRC/RES/9/19 for the mandate of the Independent Expert. The Independent Expert has undertaken missions to Burundi in January and December 2009 and in May 2010. 33 See the UN press release on the visit at: http://bit.ly/bix5t3. 34 A/HRC/DEC/14/117: http://bit.ly/bRPKJT. As a country mandate, the mandate on the Sudan needs to be renewed every year.

INTERNATIONAL SERVICE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTS

During the general debate on situations requiring the Council’s attention, several States nev Security Council condemns IVXLIPIWW I\TVIWWIH GSRGIVR EFSYX MVVIKYPEVMXMIW HYVMRK XLI VIGIRX IPIGXMSRW ERH SXLIV VMKLXW deaths on Turkish flotilla violations.35 and calls for credible investigation New initiative on Somalia 8LI'SYRGMPHIGMHIHEXXLIMRMXMEXMZISJXLI%JVMGER+VSYTXSLSPH³EWXERHEPSRIMRXIVEGXMZI An emergency meeting of dialogue’ on Somalia at the 15thWIWWMSRMR7ITXIQFIV368LIHMEPSKYI[MPPLEZIMRTYXJVSQ the Security Council, held on XLI,MKL'SQQMWWMSRIVXLI-RHITIRHIRX)\TIVXSRXLIWMXYEXMSRSJLYQERVMKLXWMR7SQEPME 1 June 2010 at the request of ERHXLI7TIGMEP6ITVIWIRXEXMZISJXLI7IGVIXEV]+IRIVEPJSV7SQEPME-X[MPPJSGYWSRXLIWXEXYW Lebanon and Turkey, resulted SJXIGLRMGEPGSSTIVEXMSRERHGETEGMX]FYMPHMRKTVSKVEQQIWMRXLIGSYRXV]ERHLS[XSIRLERGI in a presidential statement (PRST)* that condemned the XLIIJJIGXMZIRIWWSJ92IJJSVXWXSWYTTSVXLYQERVMKLXWTVSQSXMSRERHTVSXIGXMSRXLIVI7SQI loss of life and injuries during 2+3WLEZIPSFFMIHJSVEWTIGMEPFVMIJMRKSR7SQEPMEJSVUYMXIWSQIXMQIERHJMREPP]WIIQXSLEZI the Israeli military operation FIIRWYGGIWWJYPMREGLMIZMRKEPQSWXXLEX-X[MPPFIMRXIVIWXMRKXSWII[LIXLIVXLMWRI[MRMXMEXMZI onboard the Turkish convoy [MPPFVMRKEFSYXXLIRIIHIHMQTVSZIQIRXWXSXLILYQERVMKLXWWMXYEXMSR sailing to Gaza. New country resolutions In contrast to the resolution adopted in the Human Rights 8LI'SYRGMPEHSTXIHX[SRI[VIWSPYXMSRWSRGSYRXV]WMXYEXMSRW8LI][IVIFSXLMRMXMEXIHF] Council, the Security Council XLI97[MXLXLIWYTTSVXSJXLIGSYRXVMIWGSRGIVRIH used more neutral language. It backed the Secretary-Gen- 8LI'SYRGMPEHSTXIHEVIWSPYXMSRSRXIGLRMGEPEWWMWXERGIERHGSSTIVEXMSRSRLYQERVMKLXWMR eral’s call for a ‘full investiga- /]VK]^WXER[LMGLWXVSRKP]GSRHIQRWXLILYQERVMKLXWZMSPEXMSRWXLEXXSSOTPEGIEJXIVXLIIPIG tion into the matter’ and itself XMSRWSR%TVMPGEPPWJSVEJYPPERHXVERWTEVIRXMRZIWXMKEXMSRERHVIUYIWXW3,',6XS called for a ‘prompt, impartial, credible and transparent GSRXMRYIXSTVSZMHIXIGLRMGEPEWWMWXERGI -RXLMWGEWIXLI'SYRGMPHIQSRWXVEXIHMXWGETEGMX] investigation conforming to XSVIWTSRHMREXMQIP]QERRIVXSLYQERVMKLXWGVMWIW8LI6YWWMER*IHIVEXMSRSFNIGXIHXSXLI international standards’. Sig- TVIWIRXEXMSRSJXLMWVIWSPYXMSRYRHIV-XIQWXEXMRKXLEXMX[IRXJEVFI]SRHEGEPPJSVXIGLRM nificantly, the requirement GEPEWWMWXERGIERH[SYPHLEZIFIIRQSVIETTVSTVMEXIP]MRXVSHYGIHYRHIV-XIQ[LMGLJSGYWIW that the investigation be SRWMXYEXMSRWVIUYMVMRKXLI'SYRGMP´WEXXIRXMSR;LMPIEHMWXMRGXMSRMWSJXIRHVE[RFIX[IIRXLI ‘independent’ did not make QSVIGVMXMGEPVIWSPYXMSRXI\XWTVIWIRXIHYRHIV-XIQERHXLI³WSJXIV´XI\XWYRHIV-XIQXLMW it into the statement, despite this being the topic of lengthy HMZMWMSRMWMRTVEGXMGIRSXGPIEVGYXERHWIIQWVEXLIVEVXMJMGMEP closed-door discussions. The statement also renewed the 8LI'SYRGMPEPWSEHSTXIHEVIWSPYXMSREHHVIWWMRKEXXEGOWSRWGLSSPGLMPHVIRMR%JKLERMWXER-X Security Council’s repeated YVKIWEPPTEVXMIWMR%JKLERMWXERXSXEOIETTVSTVMEXITVSXIGXMZIQIEWYVIWERHIRGSYVEKIWKSZ calls for the free flow of goods, IVRQIRXWERHVIPIZERX92ERHMRXIVREXMSREPEKIRGMIWXSVIWTSRHXS%JKLERMWXER´WVIUYIWXWJSV people and humanitarian aid into Gaza. EWWMWXERGI-XEPWSVIUYIWXWXLI,MKL'SQQMWWMSRIVXSKMZIMRGVIEWIHJSGYWXSXLIWMXYEXMSRSJ KMVPWGLSSPGLMPHVIRMR%JKLERMWXERMRLIVVITSVXWXSXLI'SYRGMP-RMXWKIRIVEPGSQQIRXWXLI Israel’s subsequent appoint- 97RSXIHXLEXXLMWVIWSPYXMSRHIQSRWXVEXIWXLIEFMPMX]SJXLI'SYRGMPXSEHHVIWWWIVMSYWLYQER ment of a five-member Com- VMKLXWGSRGIVRW,S[IZIVWSQI2+3WGVMXMGMWIHXLIVIWSPYXMSRJSVFIMRKXSSREVVS[ERHRSX mittee of Inquiry, which EHHVIWWMRKXLIFVSEHVERKISJWIVMSYWLYQERVMKLXWMWWYIWMRXLEXGSYRXV]38 included two international observers, was endorsed by 3GGYTMIH4EPIWXMRMERXIVVMXSVMIW the US as a ‘serious and credible investigation’. However 8LIYVKIRXHIFEXISRXLI-WVEIPMEXXEGOSRXLIEMHJPSXMPPELIEHMRKXS+E^ESVKERMWIHHYVMRKXLI the UN Secretary-General JMVWXHE]WSJXLIWIWWMSRTVSZIHXLEXXLI'SYRGMPGERFIQSVIVIWTSRWMZIXSYVKIRXLYQERVMKLXW argued the contrary, and WMXYEXMSRW,S[IZIVXLI'SYRGMP´WMRMXMEXMZIXSEHHVIWWXLMWMRGMHIRXTVSZSOIHQM\IH7XEXIVIEG instead proposed an inde- XMSRW-X[EWRSXWYVTVMWMRKXLEXXLI97-XEP]ERHXLI2IXLIVPERHWLEHVIWIVZEXMSRWERHYPXMQEXIP] pendent panel of a similar ZSXIHEKEMRWXXLIVIWSPYXMSRGSRHIQRMRKXLI-WVEIPMEXXEGO39 The resolution also decides to dis size, with one representative TEXGLERMRXIVREXMSREPJEGXJMRHMRKQMWWMSRXSMRZIWXMKEXIZMSPEXMSRWSJMRXIVREXMSREPPE[ each from Israel and Turkey, to be led by former New Zea- land Prime Minister Geof- 2SV[E]ERH7[MX^IVPERHPEXIVI\TVIWWIHLSTIXLEXXLI'SYRGMP[SYPHEPWSVIWTSRHXSSXLIV frey Palmer. Whilst Turkey TVIWWMRKWMXYEXMSRWMRXLIJYXYVI,YQER6MKLXW;EXGLERH%QRIWX]-RXIVREXMSREP[IRXJYVXLIV has welcomed this proposal, the Secretary-General is yet 35 Spain, France, Norway, UK, Slovakia, Austria, Sweden, Ireland, Czech Republic. to convince Israel to cooper- 36 HRC/DEC/14/119: http://bit.ly/cC4Xzu. ate with an investigation that 37 A/HRC/RES/14/14: http://bit.ly/bHWhwp. The resolution was adopted without a vote. would meet the terms set by 38 See for example, Human Rights Watch, UN: Rights Council Condemns Violations in Kyrgyzstan, at the Security Council. http://bit.ly/b11I0J. 39 A/HRC/RES/14/1: http://bit.ly/9968Lq.The resolution was adopted by 32 votes in favour, three against, and nine abstentions. France, Burkina Faso, Belgium, Hungary, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Slovakia, Ukraine and the UK abstained.

18 HUMAN RIGHTS MONITOR QUARTERLY | JULY 2010 HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL

I\TVIWWMRKGSRGIVREFSYXHSYFPIWXERHEVHWYWIHF]WSQI7XEXIWXLEXGEPPIHJSVXLIYVKIRX HIFEXIFYXSTTSWIHEGXMSRSRSXLIVGVMXMGEPWMXYEXMSRW8LI97EWOIHXLI'SYRGMPXSXEOIEQSVI Rather, after being accused of war crimes and possible FEPERGIHETTVSEGLXSEHHVIWWMRKZMSPEXMSRWF]GSRWMHIVMRKLYQERVMKLXWWMXYEXMSRWEVSYRHXLI [SVPHERHRSXTE]HMWTVSTSVXMSREXIEXXIRXMSRXSXLI-WVEIP4EPIWXMRIWMXYEXMSR crimes against humanity in the Goldstone Report, the 8LI7TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYVSRXLIWMXYEXMSRSJLYQERVMKLXWMRXLISGGYTMIH4EPIWXMRMERXIVVMXSVMIW Human Rights Council’s inves- 348 1V6MGLEVH*EPOTVIWIRXIHLMWERRYEPVITSVXXSXLI'SYRGMPJSGYWMRKSRJSPPS[YTXSXLI tigation into the Gaza military +SPHWXSRIVITSVXWIXXPIQIRXWERHXLIFPSGOEHISRXLI+E^E7XVMT1V*EPOWXEXIHXLEXHIWTMXI operations in late 2008, Israel QEOMRKJSVQEPVIUYIWXWJSVEZMWMXXSXLI348XLIVI[EWRSMRHMGEXMSRXLEX-WVEIP[SYPHEPPS[E appears resistant to any UN- ZMWMXSVVIGSRWMHIVMXWTSPMG]SJRSXGSSTIVEXMRK[MXLXLI7TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYV,IRSXIHXLEXLI sponsored investigation. [SYPHFIEVVERKMRKEZMWMXXSXLI+E^E7XVMTXLVSYKL)K]TXMRSVHIVXSFIXXIVEWWIWWXLILYQER MXEVMERRIIHWERHXV]XSYRHIVWXERHJMVWXLERHXLILYQERVMKLXWMQTPMGEXMSRWSJXLIFPSGOEHI *A PRST reflects the consensus of the Council’s 15 members, 1V*EPOEPWSVIKVIXXIHXLEXXLIWEQI7XEXIWXLEXLEZIFIIRGVMXMGEPEFSYXRSRGSSTIVEXMSRF] but is not legally binding. 1]ERQEVERHXLI(IQSGVEXMG4ISTPI´W6ITYFPMGSJ/SVIE (46/ [MXLXLIWTIGMEPTVSGIHYVIW LEZIVIQEMRIH³YXXIVP]WMPIRX´VIKEVHMRK-WVEIP´WPEGOSJGSSTIVEXMSR1YGLSJXLI'SYRGMP´WHIFEXI Sri Lankan Government JSGYWIHSRXLI+SPHWXSRIVITSVt.403XLIVMWWYIWTVIWIRXIHF]XLI7TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYVVIGIMZIH attempts to evade PMXXPIEXXIRXMSRHYVMRKXLIHIFEXIEJEGXVIKVIXXIHF]XLI7TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYV accountability

Members appointed to the Committee of Independent Experts to monitor In June 2010, in response to investigations into violations in the Gaza conflict the Government’s failure to undertake their own account- The High Commissioner announced the appointment of the members of the Committee of Independent ability processes, the UN Sec- Experts to monitor investigations into violations in the Gaza conflict established at the 13th session in retary-General appointed a three member panel to advise follow-up to the Goldstone report’s recommendations. The Independent Experts are Mr Christian on ‘accountability issues’ in Tomuschat (Chair), Mr Param Cumaraswamy, and Justice Mary McGowan Davis. They are tasked to post conflict Sri Lanka. The 'monitor and assess any domestic, legal or other proceedings undertaken by both the Government of panel will not investigate indi- Israel and the Palestinian side' in implementing the recommendations of the Goldstone report.’ vidual allegations of miscon- duct during the conflict, but advise the Secretary-General Debate on country situations requiring Council attention on best practices to imple- 8LI'SYRGMPLIPHEKIRIVEXIHIFEXISR³LYQERVMKLXWWMXYEXMSRWXLEXVIUYMVIXLI'SYRGMP´WEXXIR ment the commitment on XMSR´ -XIQ 8LIHIFEXIMR[LMGLEVSYRH7XEXIWERHQSVIXLER2+3WXSSOTEVX[EW accountability made in a joint statement with the Prime Min- GPIEVP]TSPEVMWIH41-REHHMXMSRXSEFVSEHWYVZI]SJLYQERVMKLXWZMSPEXMSRWEGVSWWQER]VIKMSRW ister of Sri Lanka in May 2009. XLIHIFEXIEPWS[MXRIWWIHEPPIKEXMSRWSJ³TSPMXMGMWEXMSR´SJXLI'SYRGMP8LIWMXYEXMSRWVEMWIH[IVI The panel has met with oppo- PEVKIP]WMQMPEVXSXLSWIFVSYKLXXSXLI'SYRGMP´WEXXIRXMSREXTVIZMSYWWIWWMSRW2SXWYVTVMWMRKP] sition from the Government the situation in Iran was among those receiving most attention,42[MXL7XEXIWI\TVIWWMRKGSRGIVR of Sri Lanka. EXXLIPEGOSJMQTEVXMEPXVERWTEVIRXERHMRHITIRHIRXMRZIWXMKEXMSRWMRXSEPPIKIHZMSPEXMSRWJSPPS[ ing the 2009 elections. However, these concerns are still not translating into any Council action The Minister for housing led to address the situation. a group of hundreds of pro- government protesters that surrounded the UN’s Colom- 43 Many States EPWSI\TVIWWIHGSRGIVRSZIVXLIWMXYEXMSRSJNSYVREPMWXWERHLYQERVMKLXWHIJIRHIVW bo office, harassed staff and ERHXLIPEGOSJERMRHITIRHIRXQIGLERMWQXSMRZIWXMKEXILYQERVMKLXWZMSPEXMSRWGSQQMXXIHHYV forced its closure. The Secre- MRKXLIJMREPTLEWISJXLIEVQIHGSRJPMGXMR7VM0EROE7MRGIXLIJEMPIHWTIGMEPWIWWMSRSR7VM0EROE tary-General described the MR1E]7XEXIWEVIYR[MPPMRKXSXEOIER]MRMXMEXMZIWXSEHHVIWWXLEXWMXYEXMSR44 Sri Lankan authorities’ tacit support for the protesters and failure to ensure the UN 3XLIVWMXYEXMSRWIMXLIVKIRIVEPP]SVMRVIPEXMSRXSWTIGMJMGGSRGIVRWVIUYMVMRKXLI'SYRGMP´WEXXIR could continue its work in XMSRMRGPYHIH&IPEVYW&YVYRHM'LMRE'YFEXLI(46/VEGMEPERHVIPMKMSYWHMWGVMQMREXMSRMRWIZIV the country as ‘unacceptable’ EP)YVSTIERGSYRXVMIW 45HMWGVMQMREXMSREKEMRWX6SQEERH1YWPMQQMRSVMXMIWMR)9GSYRXVMIW 46*MNM and recalled the UN’s most +YEXIQEPE1]ERQEV4EOMWXER7]VME8LEMPERHXLI97 Venezuela, Vietnam, and Zimbabwe. Ŷ senior official in the country. He also shows no signs of caving into pressure from the 40 A/HRC/12/48: http://bit.ly/ZnAwh. powerful 118-member Non- 41 For more information, see http://bit.ly/bcbV3p. 42 Spain, France, Norway, Japan, UK, Slovenia, Slovakia, USA, Netherlands, New Zealand, Denmark, Austria, Aligned Movement, which Australia, Sweden, Ireland, Israel, Canada, Czech Republic, Luxembourg http://bit.ly/cg6GfN. has condemned the advisory 43 Spain, Norway, Japan, Slovenia, Slovakia, Switzerland, Sweden, Ireland, Czech Republic. panel as an infringement on 44 For more information, see http://bit.ly/b8FWCN. Sri Lanka’s sovereignty and 45 Pakistan. beyond the legal mandate of 46 China. the Secretary-General. 47 China, Iran.

INTERNATIONAL SERVICE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 19 INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTS

UNIVERSAL PERIODIC REVIEW -RWXMXYXMSREPWXYQFPMRKFPSGOWERHYRGSSTIVEXMZI7XEXIWGSRXMRYIXSTVIZIRXXLI946QIGLERMWQJVSQ VIEPMWMRKMXWJYPPTSXIRXMEP Creative Commons. Creative Traditional umbrellas from Laos, one of the 15 countries reviewed by the UPR Working Group in May 2010.

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ENGAGEMENT BY STATES UNDER REVIEW

8LIRYQFIVERHXMXPIWSJHIPIKEXIW[LSVITVIWIRXE7XEXIYRHIV6IZMI[EXXLI;SVOMRK+VSYTWIWWMSRGERFIERMRHMGEXMSRSJ XLIWIVMSYWRIWW[LMGLMXEXXEGLIWXSXLI946TVSGIWW*SVXLIQSWXTEVX7XEXIWYRHIV6IZMI[[IVIVITVIWIRXIHF]LMKLPIZIP HIPIKEXIWJSVI\EQTPIE1MRMWXIVSJ.YWXMGI3, or Attorney General.4%JI[7XEXIWYRHIV6IZMI[WYGLEW/]VK]^WXER0ESW%VQIRME 7[IHIRERH8YVOI][IVIVITVIWIRXIHF]VIPEXMZIP]PS[IVPIZIPZMGIQMRMWXIVWSVFYVIEYGVEXW7M^IWSJHIPIKEXMSRWVERKIHJVSQ XLVII +VIREHE+Y]ERE XS /Y[EMX [MXLXLISZIVEPPEZIVEKIEXEFSYX,S[IZIVXLIRYQFIVSJHIPIKEXIW[LSEGXMZIP] TEVXMGMTEXIHZEVMIH*SVI\EQTPI[MXL&IPEVYWERH+YMRIE&MWWEY JMZIERHWIZIRQIQFIVWVIWTIGXMZIP] SRP]XLILIEHSJXLI HIPIKEXMSRXSSOXLIJPSSVEXER]XMQI[LIVIEW[MXL%VQIRMEERH0ESW ERHQIQFIVWVIWTIGXMZIP] QYPXMTPIHIPIKEXIW[IVI KMZIRXLIGLERGIXSWTIEOSRXLIMVZEVMSYWEVIEWSJI\TIVXMWI

%WLEWFIGSQIXLITVEGXMGIMRXLI946XLIQENSVMX]SJ7XEXIWYRHIV6IZMI[XSSOXLIJPSSVXLVIIXMQIWSRGIXSKMZIERMRXVSHYG XSV]WXEXIQIRXERHX[SEHHMXMSREPXMQIWXSERW[IVUYIWXMSRW*SVXLIQSWXTEVX7XEXIWYRHIV6IZMI[VIWTSRHIH[MXLWGVMTXIH ERW[IVW8LITEVXMGMTEXMSRSJXLI7XEXIWYRHIVVIZMI[GSRXMRYIWXSFIEPEVKIP]RSRMRXIVEGXMZII\IVGMWIERHQSVISJETPERRIH ERHTVITEVIHWIVMIWSJWXEXIQIRXWMRVIWTSRWIXSI\TIGXIHMWWYIW

1 Documents on the Council's special session on Haiti can be found at: http://bit.ly/9Xi42M (www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/specialsession/13/index.htm). See also ISHR’s report at: http://bit.ly/cXIu8V. 2 Belarus. 3 Kenya, Guinea. 4 Kiribati.

20 HUMAN RIGHTS MONITOR QUARTERLY | JULY 2010 UNIVERSAL PERIODIC REVIEW

STATES PARTICIPATING IN THE REVIEW WTIGMJMGEPP]XSXLI7XEXIYRHIV6IZMI[8LMWWYKKIWXWXLEXWSQI 7XEXIW ETTVSEGL XLI 946 EW ER STTSVXYRMX] XS TVSQSXI ER 3ZIVXLIGSYVWISJXLIWIWWMSREXSXEPSJMRXIVZIRXMSRWERH MWWYI XLEX QE] FI SJ HSQIWXMG MQTSVXERGI WYGL EW%RKSPE 2045 recommendations were made.58LIPIZIPSJMRZSPZIQIRX Bangladesh, or Cuba), or an issue the State has chosen to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s has traditionally been the case, treaty body recommendations was used by several States. For 7XEXIW JVSQ XLI;)3+ VIKMSREP KVSYTMRK QEHI XLI TPYVEPMX] I\EQTPI ')(%; VIGSQQIRHEXMSRW [IVI LMKLPMKLXIH [MXL SJ VIGSQQIRHEXMSRW EX ETTVS\MQEXIP] 1IQFIVW SJ XLI VIWTIGX XS +YMRIE -WVEIP 1I\MGS +YMRIE&MWWEY 1I\MGS 3VKERM^EXMSR SJ XLI -WPEQMG 'SRJIVIRGI 3-' QEHI EFSYX and Laos (Hungary) while CRC recommendations were high SJEPPVIGSQQIRHEXMSRWGSRJMVQMRKXLIMVEGXMZITEVXMGMTE PMKLXIH [MXL VIWTIGX XS 7TEMR -WVEIP 7[IHIR 2IXLIVPERHW tion. The States who made the most recommendations over ERH+VIREHE 7SYXL%JVMGE7PSZIRME XLIGSYVWISJXLIIRXMVIWIWWMSRMRGPYHIH2SV[E] 7TEMR &VE^MP 'EREHE *VERGI ERHXLI2IXLIVPERHW Notably, three States under Review at the 8th session (Guinea, 3JRSXIMWXLEXXLI2IXLIVPERHW2SV[E]ERH7TEMRQEHI /]VK]^WXER ERH /IR]E [IVI MR XLI QMHWX SJ GSRWXMXYXMSREP interventions in every review at this session. Also, only a small VIJSVQ SV TVITEVEXMSRW JSV YTGSQMRK IPIGXMSRW /]VK]^WXER´W RYQFIVSJ7XEXIW EPQSWXEPP)YVSTIER XSSOXLISTTSVXYRMX] VIZMI[WE[7XEXIWJVSQEPPVIKMSRWRSXSRP]GSQQIRXSRSRKS to submit advance questions to most States under Review.8 MRKERHW]WXIQMGLYQERVMKLXWMWWYIWFYXEPWSQEOIGEPPWJSV VIXYVRXSHIQSGVEG]ERHVYPISJPE[7MQMPEVP]/IR]E[MXRIWWIH % RYQFIV SJ 7XEXIW TEVXMGMTEXMRK YWIH XLI STTSVXYRMX] XS [MHIVERKMRKTEVXMGMTEXMSRJVSQFSXL%JVMGER7XEXIWERH7XEXIW VEMWIWTIGMJMGGSRGIVRWEGVSWWERYQFIVSJVIZMI[W)\EQTPIW SJSXLIVVIKMSRWEPMOI,S[IZIVWMQMPEVXSXLI946VIZMI[SJ MRGPYHI%RKSPE XLIInternational Convention on the Protection of 1EHEKEWGEVEXXLIthWIWWMSRSRP]JSYV7XEXIWJVSQXLI%JVMGER Migrant Workers and their Families); Argentina and Tunisia (gen 9RMSRTEVXMGMTEXIHMRXLIVIZMI[SJ+YMRIE10 It seems a lost HIVIUYEPMX] %YWXVEPMEERH*VERGI HMWGVMQMREXMSRSRKVSYRHW STTSVXYRMX]JSV7XEXIWRSXXSYWIXLI946TVSGIWWXSTVIWW SJWI\YEPSVMIRXEXMSRSVKIRHIVMHIRXMX] %YWXVME GSSTIVEXMSR JSVVIWTIGXJSVHIQSGVEXMGTVMRGMTPIWMRGSYRXVMIW[LIVIXLI] [MXL GMZMP WSGMIX] &ERKPEHIWL TSZIVX] ERH HIZIPSTQIRX do not recognise the Government. &IPKMYQ ERH -XEP] HIEXL TIREPX] &VE^MP ERH 0EXZME WXERHMRK MRZMXEXMSRWXS92WTIGMEPTVSGIHYVIW 'YFE LIEPXLERHIHYGE OUTCOMES AND RECOMMENDATIONS XMSR '^IGL6ITYFPMG LYQERVMKLXWIHYGEXMSRERHXVEMRMRKJSV PE[IRJSVGIQIRX +IVQER] NYHMGMEPMRHITIRHIRGIERHNYZIRMPI 8LI RYQFIV SJ VIGSQQIRHEXMSRW XS 7XEXIW YRHIV 6IZMI[ NYWXMGI ,YRKEV]ERH7PSZEOME WYFQMWWMSRSJPEXIXVIEX]FSH] VERKIHJVSQ /MVMFEXM XS /]VK]^WXER [MXLXLIEZIV VITSVXW -VIPERH JVIIHSQ SJ EWWSGMEXMSR 0MF]E ,-:%-(7 EKI RYQFIV SJ VIGSQQIRHEXMSRW EX 11 However the 1EPE]WME ZMSPIRGIEKEMRWX[SQIR ERH1SVSGGS JMRERGMEPERH XSXEP RYQFIV SJ VIGSQQIRHEXMSRW VIQEMRW WOI[IH HYI XS technical assistance). MRGSRWMWXIRX JSVQYPEXMSR SJ;SVOMRK +VSYT VITSVXW F] XLI XVSMOEW;LMPI WSQI ;SVOMRK +VSYT VITSVXW PMWXIH VIGSQ ,S[IZIVXLI7XEXIWXLEXQEHIXLILMKLIWXRYQFIVSJVIGSQ QIRHEXMSRW MRHMZMHYEPP] JSPPS[IH F] XLI 7XEXI [LS TVSTSWIH QIRHEXMSRW[IVIQSVIPMOIP]XSXEMPSVXLSWIVIGSQQIRHEXMSRW the recommendation,12 SXLIV;SVOMRK +VSYT VITSVXW GPYW tered similar recommendations by several States into a single 5 The total number of actual recommendations listed in Working item,13 ERH WSQI VITSVXW YWIH E QM\ SJ XLIWI X[S W]WXIQW Group reports is 1860, however due to clustering of recommendations in certain reports, the total number of individual recommendations made by States is higher. 9 For example, Cote d'Ivoire (Guinea), Mozambique (Guinea-Bissau), 6 While the mean number of recommendations made by States Ethiopia (Lesotho), Cambodia and Myanmar (Laos), Jamaica (Gre- was roughly 18, the median was about 11, indicating that a small nada). number of States participated disproportionately more often than 10 Madagascar and Guinea are both currently under the rule of transi- others. Ten States made only a single recommendation, !ve States tional governments not recognised as legitimate by all members of made two recommendations, and another six States made just three the African Union. No African State took part in the review of Mada- recommendations. gascar. 7 However, !ve Council members did not participate in a single re- 11 States under Review that received more than the average number of view (Cameroon, Gabon, Madagascar, Mauritius, and Zambia) and recommendations were: Kyrgyzstan (168), Spain (166), Kuwait (159), India participated on only once, presenting a single recommenda- Turkey (152), Kenya (150), and Sweden (149). States under Review tion to Sweden. that received fewer than the average number of recommendations 8 For example, Argentina, Czech Republic, Denmark, Germany, Ire- were: Lesotho (122), Guinea (114), Guyana (112), Guinea-Bissau land, Latvia, Netherlands, Norway, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland, (108), Laos (107), Belarus (93), Grenada (92), Armenia (85), and Kiri- and the United Kingdom submitted advance questions to a number bati (83). of States under Review. This same group of States also followed the 12 For example Kenya and Kiribati. same practice at the 7th session of the UPR. 13 For example Laos and Belarus.

INTERNATIONAL SERVICE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 21 INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTS

*SV I\EQTPI &IPEVYW EGGITXIH X[S VIGSQQIRHEXMSRW SR The 8thWIWWMSRWE[GSRXMRYEXMSRSJXLIXVSYFPMRKTVEGXMGISJ XVEJJMGOMRK[LMGLMRJEGXMRGPYHIHWITEVEXI XLSYKLWMQMPEV VINIGXMRK VIGSQQIRHEXMSRW XLEX GSRXVEHMGX E 7XEXI´W I\MWX VIGSQQIRHEXMSRWJVSQ7XEXIW;MXLWYGLMRGSRWMWXIRXJSVQEX MRK MRXIVREXMSREP SFPMKEXMSR)\EQTPIW MRGPYHIH /Y[EMX[LMGL XMRKSJVITSVXWXLIXSXEPRYQFIVSJVIGSQQIRHEXMSRW ERHXLI VINIGXIHWIZIVEPVIGSQQIRHEXMSRWMRGSRXVEHMGXMSRSJ')(%; RYQFIVEGGITXIHVINIGXIHSVSXLIV[MWI VIQEMRWESRP]VSYKL and ICESCR,18ERH+YMRIE&MWWEY[LMGLEPWSVINIGXIHVIGSQ XSSPJSVGSQTEVMWSRSJ7XEXIVIZMI[W8LIJSVQEXXMRKSJVITSVXW mendations on eliminating discrimination against women and and included recommendations has changed several times over GLMPHVIRHIWTMXIFIMRKETEVX]XS')(%;ERH'6' XLIGSYVWISJXLIJMVWXG]GPISJXLI946'SRWMWXIRXKYMHIPMRIW ERH TVEGXMGIW [SYPH IREFPI XLI;SVOMRK +VSYT VITSVXW XS %HHMXMSREPZSPYRXEV]TPIHKIWERHGSQQMXQIRXW[IVIKIRIVEPP] TVSZMHI E GPIEVIV FEWMW JSV MQTPIQIRXEXMSR ERH JSPPS[YT SJ EFWIRXJVSQEPP;SVOMRK+VSYTVITSVXW,S[IZIV/Y[EMX0ESW recommendations. ERH 0IWSXLS MRGPYHIH WYGL GSQQMXQIRXW MR XLIMV VIWTIGXMZI REXMSREPVITSVXWTVMSVXSXLI946WIWWMSR[LMGL[IVIVIJIVVIH %W [MXL TVIZMSYW WIWWMSRW WQEPP MWPERH 7XEXIW VIGIMZIH XLI XSMRXLISYXGSQIVITSVX19 PIEWX EQSYRX SJ EXXIRXMSR [MXL /MVMFEXM MRXIVZIRXMSRW VIGSQQIRHEXMSRW ERH+VIREHE MRXIVZIRXMSRWVIGSQ NGO ENGAGEMENT mendations). These were also the only two States to leave all VIGSQQIRHEXMSRW TIRHMRK14 The States which received the %W [MXL TVIZMSYW WIWWMSRW 2+3 IRKEKIQIRX ZEVMIH KVIEXP] KVIEXIWX EQSYRX SJ EXXIRXMSR [IVI /]VK]^WXER MRXIVZIR 8LI3,',6GSQTMPEXMSRWSJWXEOILSPHIVMRJSVQEXMSRMRGPYHIH XMSRWVIGSQQIRHEXMSRW ERH7TEMR MRXIVZIRXMSRW WYFQMWWMSRWVERKMRKJVSQNYWXXLVIISVKERMWEXMSRW +VIREHE XS VIGSQQIRHEXMSRW 8LIPEVKIRYQFIVSJVIGSQQIRHEXMSRWSR &IPEVYW [MXLXLIEZIVEKIRYQFIVSJWYFQMWWMSRWEXEFSYX Kyrgyzstan revolved around recent civil unrest, as States called 14.20-REPQSWXEPPGEWIWXLIFYPOSJGMZMPWSGMIX]WYFQMWWMSRW YTSR /]VK]^WXER XS IRWYVI XLI VYPI SJ PE[ JSPPS[ XLVSYKL [IVI JVSQ MRXIVREXMSREP 2+3W XLI I\GITXMSRW FIMRK 7TEMR [MXLXLITVSTSWIHGSRWXMXYXMSREPVIJIVIRHYQERHIPIGXMSRERH Lesotho, Sweden, and Belarus.213YXSJEPPWXEOILSPHIVVITSVXW IRWYVI JVIIHSQ SJ EWWIQFP] ERH I\TVIWWMSR MR XLEX VIKEVH SRP] XLVII MRGPYHIH WYFQMWWMSRW JVSQ REXMSREP LYQER VMKLXW -R GSRXVEWXXLI PEVKI RYQFIV SJ VIGSQQIRHEXMSRW SR 7TEMR institutions (NHRI).22 LMKLPMKLXIHHMWGVMQMREXMSREKEMRWXQMKVERX[SVOIVWERHIXLRMG QMRSVMXMIW EW [IPP EW GSRGIVRW SZIV 7TEMR´W ERXMXIVVSVMWQ Only two NGO side events were held during the 8th session, in EGXMZMXMIWERHPIKMWPEXMSR7TEMREPSRK[MXL7[IHIRFVSOI[MXL regard to Guinea, Kenya and Belarus. The side event on Kenya [LEXLEHFIIRXLIMRJSVQEPTVEGXMGIEQSRK)YVSTIER9RMSR [EW TEVXMGYPEVP] [IPP SVKERMWIH JIEXYVMRK E TERIP GSRWMWXMRK )9 7XEXIWXSPIEZIEPPVIGSQQIRHEXMSRWTIRHMRKYRXMPEHST SJ VITVIWIRXEXMZIW JVSQ XLI /IR]E 2EXMSREP 'SQQMWWMSR SR XMSRF]XLI'SYRGMP[MXL7TEMRVINIGXMRKVIGSQQIRHEXMSRW Human Rights (the NHRI), and several domestic NGOs. A and Sweden 12.15 HSGYQIRX TVITEVIH F] XLI /IR]E 7XEOILSPHIVW 'SEPMXMSR JSV the UPR23 [EW HMWXVMFYXIH XLEX LMKLPMKLXIH³OI] LYQER VMKLXW 3RP]EWQEPPRYQFIVSJ7XEXIWTVSZMHIHNYWXMJMGEXMSRJSVXLIMV GSRGIVRW MR /IR]E JSV TYVTSWIW SJ XLI 946 TVSGIWW´;LMPI VINIGXMSRSJVIGSQQIRHEXMSRW8YVOI]VINIGXIHRMRIVIGSQQIR SRP]X[S7XEXIWXSSOXLIJPSSVHYVMRKXLIIZIRX ,YRKEV]ERH HEXMSRWJVSQ']TVYWSRXLIKVSYRHWXLEX8YVOI]³HSIWRIMXLIV 2SV[E] XLI] FSXL VEMWIH GSRGIVRW ERH EWOIH UYIWXMSRW SR VIGSKRM^I6ITYFPMGSJ']TVYWRSVEGGITXMXWGPEMQWXSVITVI WIRXXLI[LSPIMWPERH´HIWTMXIWSQISJ']TVYW´WVIGSQQIRHE 18 These included recommendations to criminalise violence against tions being similar to recommendations made by other States women (by Israel), to review and amend laws to ensure gender ERHSXLIVWGPIEVP]VIJPIGXMRK8YVOI]´WMRXIVREXMSREPSFPMKEXMSRW16 equality and equal access for women to their social and economic 7MQMPEVP]%VQIRME I\TPEMRIH MXW VINIGXMSR SJ XLI %^IVFEMNERM rights (by the Netherlands), to take measures to promote women's participation in the judiciary, and the public administration (by VIGSQQIRHEXMSR XS ³IPMQMREXI HMWGVMQMREXMSR EKEMRWX=I^MHMW´ Greece and the Netherlands), and to end discriminatory provisions F]RSXMRKXLEXMXMW³MREGGYVEXIERHHSIWRSXGSVVIWTSRHXSXLI in the housing programme (Norway). It was not surprising that Ku-Ku- EGXYEPWMXYEXMSR´8LISRP]7XEXIYRHIV6IZMI[XSKMZII\TPMGMX wait rejected recommendations on reforming the nationality law to allow women to pass nationality to their children as it has entered a VIEWSRWJSVVINIGXMSR[EW/IR]ETVSZMHMRKHIXEMPIHWYFWXERXMZI reservation to CEDAW in this regard. I\TPEREXMSRWXSEPPWIZIRVIGSQQIRHEXMSRWVINIGXIH 19 Commitments by Kuwait and Lesotho were relatively speci!c, while commitments by Laos were vague and general. 20 The number of organizations submitting stakeholder information 14 At the 7th session, !ve States left all recommendations pending. varied as follows: 0-5 (Lesotho, Guinea-Bissau, Grenada), 6-10 (Kiri- 15 Other EU States that have broken with this practice in the past in- bati, Guinea, Guyana, Kuwait), 11-15 (Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Spain, Arme- clude the Czech Republic and Germany. nia, Sweden), 16-20 (Kenya), 21 or more (Turkey, Belarus). 16 The recommendation by Cyprus for Turkey to 'swiftly accede to 21 Submissions by international organizations as a rounded percent- the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court' was rejected, age of total stakeholder submissions, in descending order: Grena- while similar recommendations by Brazil and Chile were accepted. da (100%), Guyana (88%), Guinea (86%), Kyrgyzstan (80%), Kuwait 17 However, such explanations were not all necessarily in line with in- (80%), Armenia (77%), Turkey (76%), Kiribati (75%), Guinea-Bissau ternational commitments. Kenya's rejection of the recommendation (75%), Kenya (68%), Laos (64%), Lesotho (50%), Belarus (48%), Spain by the Netherlands to 'take concrete steps to provide for the protec- (46%), Sweden (43%). tion and equal treatment of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender 22 Spain, Kenya, Sweden. persons' was rejected on the grounds that 'same-sex unions were 23 A group of 97 NGOs in Kenya facilitated by the Kenya National Com- culturally unacceptable in Kenya.' mission on Human Rights.

22 HUMAN RIGHTS MONITOR QUARTERLY | JULY 2010 UNIVERSAL PERIODIC REVIEW

MWWYIW XLEX XLI] PEXIV TVIWIRXIH HYVMRK /IR]E´W VIZMI[24 The GEPP]SYXVYRRMRKKSZIVRQIRXWTSRWSVIH2+3VITVIWIRXEXMZIW WMHIIZIRXSR/IR]EGSYPHTVSZMHIEQSHIPJSVSXLIV2+3W XSKIXSRXSXLIVIWXVMGXIHWTIEOIVW´PMWX 2,6-WERHWXEOILSPHIVGSEPMXMSRWMRXLIJYXYVI -R E TSWMXMZI HIZIPSTQIRX XLI 4VIWMHIRX SJ XLI 'SYRGMP THE SPEAKERS’ LIST QEHI EXXIQTXW XS IRWYVI GPIEV VIWTSRWIW XS VIGSQQIRHE XMSRW*SVI\EQTPIMRVIKEVHXSXLIEHSTXMSRSJXLI;SVOMRK 8LIXMQIPMQMXEXMSRWIXSRXLI946VIZMI[TVIZIRXIH7XEXIW +VSYTVITSVXSR&SWRMEERH,IVÎKSZMREEWIVMIWSJVIGSQ JVSQTEVXMGMTEXMRKMRIMKLXSJXLIVIZMI[W25 As with the review QIRHEXMSRW QEVOIH EW ³TEVXMEPP] EGGITXIH´ [IVI GPEVMJMIH EW SJ5EXEVMRXLIthWIWWMSRXLIVIZMI[SJ/Y[EMX[MXRIWWIHE ³EPVIEH] MQTPIQIRXIH SV MR XLI TVSGIWW SJ MQTPIQIRXEXMSR´ PEVKI RYQFIV SJ 7XEXIW XEOMRK XLI JPSSV XS TVEMWI MXW LYQER 9RJSVXYREXIP] XLMW HMH RSX TVIZIRX 7XEXIW JVSQ QIVIP]³RSX VMKLXWVIGSVHSVQIVIP]TVIWIRXQMPHVIGSQQIRHEXMSRW MRK´VIGSQQIRHEXMSRWWYGLEWMRXLIGEWISJ*MNM[LMGLEJXIVE VIUYIWXJSVGPEVMJMGEXMSRJVSQXLI4VIWMHIRX³RSXIH´JSYVVIGSQ -REREXXIQTXXSJMRHEWSPYXMSRXSXLIPMWXSJWTIEOIVWTVSFPIQ QIRHEXMSRWXLEXLEHFIIRTVIZMSYWP]QEVOIHEW³MQTVEGXMGEP´ at the Council’s Bureau meeting in February 2010 the President WYKKIWXIH E RI[ [E] JSV[EVH 9RHIV XLI TVSTSWIH W]WXIQ -RXLIKIRIVEPHIFEXISRXLI946XLEXXSSOTPEGISR.YRI 7XEXIW[SYPHMRWGVMFIXLIQWIPZIWSRXLIPMWXSJWTIEOIVWXLIPMWX during the Council’s 14th WIWWMSR GSRGIVRW SZIV XLI PMWX SJ [SYPHXLIRFITYXMREPTLEFIXMGEPSVHIVERHEVERHSQWXEVXMRK WTIEOIVW EKEMR HSQMREXIH HMWGYWWMSR [MXL XLI 9RMXIH 7XEXIW TSMRXSRXLIPMWX[SYPHFIGLSWIR8LITVSTSWEP[EWLS[IZIV GEPPMRKXLIGYVVIRXW]WXIQ YRXIREFPIERHYRHMKRMJMIH´%RSXLIV EFERHSRIH8LIMWWYI[EWEKEMRRSXHIEPX[MXLEXXLIJSPPS[MRK QENSVGSRGIVR[EWVEMWIHMRVIKEVHXSVIGSQQIRHEXMSRWRSX &YVIEY QIIXMRK MR 1E]EX XLI VIUYIWX SJ XLI%JVMGER +VSYT FIMRKGPIEVP]EGGITXIHSVVINIGXIH PIEHMRKXSXLIYRGSRWXVYG %XXLIGPSWMRKSJXLIthWIWWMSRXLI4VIWMHIRXSJXLI'SYRGMP XMZITVEGXMGISJ³RSXMRKÉVIGSQQIRHEXMSR ERHXLIGSQQSR TYFPMGEPP] PEQIRXIH³XLEX XLI ZEVMSYW EXXIQTXW F] XLI &YVIEY TVSFPIQSJTVSZMHMRKRSNYWXMJMGEXMSR[LIREVIGSQQIRHEXMSR XSJMRHEWSPYXMSR´[IVIYRWYGGIWWJYP%HHMXMSREPP]XLIMRJSVQEP MWVINIGXIH8LIMRXIVEGXMZIHMEPSKYIHYVMRK7XEXIVIZMI[W[EW ERHIRXMVIP]RSRXVERWTEVIRXTVEGXMGISJXVEHMRKWTSXWSRXLI EPWS HIWGVMFIH EW ³RSX MRXIVEGXMZI´ F] 7MRKETSVI [LMGL EPWS WTIEOIVWPMWX MW VEMWMRKTSXIRXMEP GSRGIVRWEFSYXTSPMXMGMWEXMSR encouraged States to better attend UPR sessions and send SJXLI946TVSGIWW26 LMKLIVPIZIPHIPIKEXIW[MXLXLIEYXLSVMX]XSTEVXMGMTEXIH]REQM cally.1ER]SXLIV7XEXIWEPWSXSSOXLISTTSVXYRMX]XSTVIWIRX ACTIONS ON UPR REPORTS AT TVSKVIWWXLI]LEHQEHISR946VIGSQQIRHEXMSRWWMRGIXLIMV THE COUNCIL’S 14TH SESSION own reviews.28 (IWTMXI GSRGIVRW VEMWIH XLI KIRIVEP HIFEXI WLS[IHXLEX7XEXIWJVSQEPPVIKMSRWGSRXMRYIXSGSRWMHIVXLI At the 14thWIWWMSRSJXLI'SYRGMPMR.YRIVITSVXWJVSQ 946EZEPYEFPITVSGIWW Ŷ XLIthWIWWMSRSJXLI946[IVIGSRWMHIVIHERHEHSTXIH8LI EHSTXMSRW[IVIJSVXLIQSWXTEVXVSYXMRI[MXLXLII\TIGXIH I\GITXMSR SJ -VER -VER JEMPIH XS TVSZMHI JYVXLIV I\TPEREXMSR JSV XLSWI VIGSQQIRHEXMSRW MX LEH VINIGXIH HYVMRK XLI th WIWWMSRSRXLIKVSYRHWXLEXXLI][IVI³MRGSRWMWXIRX[MXLXLI MRWXMXYXMSRFYMPHMRKXI\XERHSVRSXMRXIVREXMSREPP]VIGSKRMÎH human rights’. Around 20 States were wished to comment on XLISYXGSQISJXLI946SJ-VER[MXLSRP]LEPJFIMRKEFPIXSHS WS7SQI7XEXIWMRGPYHMRKXLI9RMXIH7XEXIWI\TVIWWIHWIVMSYW GSRGIVRWEFSYXXLIWMXYEXMSRMR-VERERHMXWGSRXMRYIHJEMPYVIXS GSSTIVEXI[MXL92QIGLERMWQW8LMWPIH-VERXSEGGYWIXLI97 SJEHZERGMRK³QEPMGMSYWTSPMXMGEPSFNIGXMZIWÉRHSJFIMRKJYPPSJ ³TVINYHMGIVEGMWQERHTLSFMEW´-RXYVR-VER[EWVIFYOIHF]XLI 4VIWMHIRXSJXLI'SYRGMPERHXSPHXSJSGYWSRXLI946SJ-VER SRP]8LIEHSTXMSRPEVKIP]PSSOIHXSQEOIEJEVGISJXLI946 TVSGIWW,S[IZIVEKSSHRYQFIVSJ2+3W[IVIEFPIXSGVMXM GEPP]GSQQIRXSRXLI946SYXGSQISR-VERPEVKIP]F]TL]WM

24 Hungary raised issues surrounding constitutional reform, and Nor- way raised its concerns over protection of human rights defenders. 25 Number of States unable to participate in descending order by State under Review: Kuwait (22), Turkey (21), Belarus (20), Kenya (15), Laos (9), Spain (6), Sweden (6), Kyrgyzstan (3). 26 During the review of Laos, due to an apparent misunderstanding with the Council President, it was made clear that Iran and China 27 An issue that was raised by ISHR during an intervention at the Coun- had traded their spots on the list. The issue of trading spots was also cil's 13th session, see http://bit.ly/9RInFm. referred to during the Council's debate on item 6 at its 14th session, 28 France, Netherlands, Morocco, Switzerland, Finland, Canada, Colum- for more information, see http://bit.ly/afdIlB. bia, Bahrain.

INTERNATIONAL SERVICE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 23 INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTS

PERMANENT FORUM ON INDIGENOUS ISSUES 8LI*SVYQ WthWIWWMSRERHIZSPYXMSREWEL]FVMHFSH]MRXLI92 WLYQERVMKLXWW]WXIQ Richard Sihamau Richard Maori group from New Zealand.

STATE SUPPORT FOR THE DECLARATION ON INDIGENOUS RIGHTS GROWS

he 9thWIWWMSRSJXLI4IVQERIRX*SVYQSR-RHMKIRSYW-WWYIW1 XLI*SVYQ STIRIHSR%TVMPMR2I[=SVOXSEWYVTVMWI TERRSYRGIQIRXJVSQXLI2I[>IEPERH+SZIVRQIRXXLEXMXLEHVIZIVWIHMXWTSWMXMSRSRXLI92Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples XLI(IGPEVEXMSR ERH[SYPHWYTTSVXMX28LIIWXMQEXIHMRHMKIRSYWTISTPI2+3W7XEXIWERH92EKIR GMIWMREXXIRHERGI[IPGSQIHXLIRI[W[MXLEVSYWMRKWXERHMRKSZEXMSR8LIRI\XHE]XLI9RMXIH7XEXIWERRSYRGIHMX[SYPHFIKMR GSRWYPXEXMSRW[MXLMRHMKIRSYWTISTPIWXSVIZMI[MXWTSWMXMSRSRXLI(IGPEVEXMSR8LMWQIERWXLEXEPPJSYV7XEXIWXLEXZSXIHEKEMRWX XLIEHSTXMSRSJXLI(IGPEVEXMSRMRXLI+IRIVEP%WWIQFP]MRRS[IMXLIVWYTTSVXMXSVEVIEGXMZIP]VIZMI[MRKXLIMVTSWMXMSR WIZIVEPSXLIVWEVI]IXXSI\TVIWWEZMI[3

74)'-%06%44368)9632-2(-+)23974)340)77944368*368,)()'0%6%8-32 SHOULD NOT BE QUALIFIED

-RLMWVIWTSRWIXSXLIMRGVIEWMRK7XEXIWYTTSVXJSVXLI(IGPEVEXMSRXLI7TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYVSRXLIWMXYEXMSRSJLYQERVMKLXWERH JYRHEQIRXEPJVIIHSQWSJMRHMKIRSYWTISTPIW XLI7TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYV 1V.EQIW%RE]E[IPGSQIHXLIGLERKISJLIEVXF]%YW XVEPMEERH2I[>IEPERHFYXWIRXETSMRXIHQIWWEKIXS'EREHEERHXLI97,IEHZMWIHXLEXER]JYXYVIWXEXIQIRXWSJWYTTSVX WLSYPH³FIMRJSVQIHF]XLIWTMVMXERHSFNIGXMZIWSJXLI(IGPEVEXMSR´EW[IPPEWXLITVEGXMGEPGLEPPIRKIWJEGMRKMRHMKIRSYWTISTPIW 8LMWMRXYVRTVSQTXIHXLI*SVYQXSVIGSQQIRHXLEX'EREHEERHXLI97³[SVOMRKSSHJEMXL[MXLMRHMKIRSYWTISTPIWJSVXLI YRUYEPMJMIHIRHSVWIQIRXERHJYPPMQTPIQIRXEXMSR´SJXLI(IGPEVEXMSR4

1 Created in 2000, the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues is an advisory body to the UN Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) and is com- posed of 16 independent experts. Eight are nominated by governments and eight by indigenous peoples. It addresses indigenous issues in the areas of economic and social development, environment, health, human rights, culture, and education. In 2008, the Forum expanded its mandate to include responsibility to ‘promote respect for and full application of the Declaration and to follow up the e$ectiveness of the Declaration’. Ac- cording to its mandate, the Permanent Forum provides expert advice to ECOSOC and to UN programmes, funds, and agencies; raises awareness about indigenous issues; and promotes the integration and coordination of activities relating to indigenous issues within the UN system. More information is available from the Forum’s website: http://bit.ly/asBp7q. 2 The New Zealand Government’s statement included a number of reservations to its support of the Declaration. More information is available at http://bit.ly/aE76sp. 3 Australia, Canada, New Zealand, US voted against the Declaration. Eleven States abstained, but of these, Colombia and Samoa have since come out in support of the Declaration. Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Burundi, Georgia, Kenya, Nigeria, Russian Federation, Ukraine have not revised their positions. 4 Para.92 of the report of the Forum’s 9th session, available at available at http://bit.ly/9YPyBe.

24 HUMAN RIGHTS MONITOR QUARTERLY | JULY 2010 PERMANENT FORUM ON INDIGENOUS ISSUES

*SPPS[MRKEGSQQIRXJVSQXLI-RHMKIRSYW=SYXL'EYGYW5 that VIWTSRWI[LMGL[IVIMRGPYHIHEQSRKXLIHSGYQIRXEXMSRJSV XLI(IGPEVEXMSR[EWE³TSXIRXMEPP]IQTX]MRWXVYQIRX´XLI7TI the 9th session. GMEP6ETTSVXIYVVIQEVOIHXLEXXLMWLEH³WXVYGOJIEV´MRLMWLIEVX ERHWLSYPHWTYV7XEXIWXSMRXSEGXMSRXSEHHVIWWXLI³HIITW]W %PXLSYKLERYQFIVSJSXLIVTEVXWSJXLI92W]WXIQYRHIVXEOI XIQMGERH[MHIWTVIEH´REXYVISJXLIZMSPEXMSRWMRHMKIRSYWTIS GSYRXV]ZMWMXWXLI*SVYQLEWHMWXMRKYMWLIHMXWIPJF]EPWSMRGSV TPIWWXMPPI\TIVMIRGI TSVEXMRKEJSPPS[YTQIGLERMWQJVSQXLISYXWIX8LMWXSSOXLI JSVQSJERMRHITXLHMEPSKYIHYVMRKXLI*SVYQ´WGYVVIRXWIW 8LIVI MW E [IPPIWXEFPMWLIH TVEGXMGI SJ XLI 7TIGMEP 6ETTSV WMSRXLEXMRZSPZIH*SVYQQIQFIVWVITVIWIRXEXMZIWSJIEGL teur holding an interactive dialogue with the Forum each ses 7XEXIQIQFIVWSJXLIVIWTIGXMZI92GSYRXV]XIEQWERHMRHMK WMSR%XXLMWWIWWMSR1V%RE]EHIZIPSTIHEREHHMXMSREPMRJSV IRSYWTISTPIWJVSQXLIEJJIGXIHGSQQYRMXMIW2SXSRP]HMH QEPGSQTSRIRXXSLMWTEVXMGMTEXMSR-REHZERGISJXLIWIWWMSR XLMWWLMRIEQYGLRIIHIHWTSXPMKLXSRXLIKVEZILYQERVMKLXW on the Forum’s website, he advised that he would be availa ZMSPEXMSRWXLIWIMRHMKIRSYWGSQQYRMXMIWJEGI8 It also demon FPIJSVMRJSVQEPETTSMRXQIRXW[MXLMRHMKIRSYWTEVXMGMTERXWXS strated how the Forum can act as an intermediary to bring LIEVEFSYXLYQERVMKLXWZMSPEXMSRW-RVIWTSRWIXSXLIHIQERH XLIWIKVSYTWXSKIXLIVMREWTMVMXSJGSSTIVEXMSRXSHIZIPSTE JVSQTEVXMGMTERXWXLI7TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYVEKVIIHXSSJJIVXLMW GSQQSRTPERSJEGXMSRXSEHHVIWWXLIZMSPEXMSRWERHQSRMXSV STTSVXYRMX]EXXLI*SVYQ´WRI\XWIWWMSR%PXLSYKLXLMWMRJSV MXWMQTPIQIRXEXMSR QEPETTVSEGLMWEREHLSGQIEWYVIMX[EW[IPGSQIHF]MRHMKI RSYWTISTPIW1ER]SJXLIQLEZIFIIRGVMXMGEPXLEXXLI*SVYQ´W 8LI*SVYQ´WMRHITXLHMEPSKYI[MXLXLI7XEXIWFSVIQER]SJ QERHEXIHSIWRSXIUYMTMXXSHIEP[MXLMRHMZMHYEPSVKVSYT XLILEPPQEVOWSJEVIZMI[SJEWXEXITEVX]F]E92XVIEX]FSH] GSQTPEMRXW8LI]EPWSGSQTPEMRIHXLEXMXLEWJEMPIHXSHIZIPST ,S[IZIVXLIVI[IVIWSQIOI]HMJJIVIRGIWRSXEFP]XLEXMRHMK EQIGLERMWQXSIRWYVIVITSVXWSJWIVMSYWZMSPEXMSRWEVIVIHM IRSYWGSQQYRMX]PIEHIVW[IVIEFPIXSXEOIEREGXMZITEVX VIGXIHXSSXLIV92QIGLERMWQWFIXXIVIUYMTTIHXSVIWTSRH ERHHMVIGXP]GLEPPIRKIWXEXIQIRXWQEHIF]XLI7XEXIW-RTYX to them. JVSQ92EKIRGMIW[EWEPWSTYFPMGP]TVIWIRXIH VEXLIVXLER FIMRK HIPMZIVIH MR E GPSWIH QIIXMRK ERH XLI VIGSQQIRHE 2);1)8,3(73*;36/8,)*3691 tions issued by the Forum were addressed to the States, indig EMBARKS ON COUNTRY VISITS IRSYWGSQQYRMXMIWERH92GSYRXV]XIEQW VEXLIVXLERNYWX 7XEXITEVXMIW .YWXEWXLI(IGPEVEXMSRMWIWXEFPMWLMRKMXWIPJSREQSVIWSPMH 8LIMRHITXLHMEPSKYIMRZSPZMRKXLIMRHMKIRSYWPIEHIVWEPWS JSSXMRKWSXSSMWXLI4IVQERIRX*SVYQ2I[ERHMRRSZEXMZI VIZIEPIHLS[YWIJYPXLI*SVYQ´WMRXIVZIRXMSRLEHEPVIEH]FIIR QIXLSHWSJ[SVOEVIFIMRKYWIHXSKMZIIJJIGXXSXLI*SVYQ´W MRXLIMVGSQQYRMXMIWEW[IPPEWMXWTSXIRXMEPJSVMRHMKIRSYW QERHEXIXS³TVSQSXIXLIJYPPETTPMGEXMSRSJXLI(IGPEVEXMSR´ TISTPIWXSLSPHXLIMVKSZIVRQIRXWQSVIEGGSYRXEFPIMRXLI %VXMGPI %WMKRMJMGERXRI[ETTVSEGLIZMHIRXXLMWWIWWMSR JYXYVI-RHMKIRSYWPIEHIVWIQTLEWMWIHLS[XLIGSYRXV]ZMWMXW was the Forum’s country visits to Bolivia and Paraguay to inves LEHQSXMZEXIHXLIMVKSZIVRQIRXWXSWIEVGLJSVWSPYXMSRWERH XMKEXI JSVGIH PEFSYV ERH WIVZMXYHI MR MRHMKIRSYW GSQQYRM FIKMR[SVOMRK[MXLXLIMVGSQQYRMXMIWSRPSRKWXERHMRKKVMIZ ties in the Chaco region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as well as recommendations regarding the technical assist goal that it has committed to.9 This is not only a challenge in ERGIXLI92WLSYPHTVSZMHIXSXLIQ)EGL7XEXIWYFQMXXIHE TSPMXMGEPXIVQWMXMWEPWSEWMKRMJMGERXXMQIERHVIWSYVGIGLEP 5 The caucus is an informal group of indigenous youth from around the world who are registered participants at the Forum. Although its membership di$ers each year, they usually meet daily to discuss 7 All documentation for Forum’s the 9th session is available at: issues, draft statements and make recommendations that are sub- http://bit.ly/9YPyBe mitted to the Forum. Their voice carries considerable weight with 8 The reports of the country visits con!rmed violations of interna- Forum members and participants alike. tional human rights law including forced labour and servitude; child 6 The Forum members who visited both Bolivia and Paraguay were: labour; systematic violence against indigenous peoples; restrictions then Forum Chairperson, Ms Victoria Tauli-Corpuz, and members Mr on freedom of association and movement; deprivation of territory, Lars Anders-Baer, Mr Bartolomé Clavero and Mr Carlos Mamani. They lands and resources; food insecurity; and lack of access to justice were assisted by two o#cials of the UN Department of Economic and healthcare. See E/C.19/2010/6 and E/C.19/2010/5 available at and Social A$airs (DESA) and accompanied by a range of representa- http://bit.ly/9YPyBe tives from UN agencies working in Bolivia, Paraguay and Peru. 9 Paras. 70 and 90 of the Forum’s report of the 9th session.

INTERNATIONAL SERVICE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 25 INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTS

PIRKIJSVXLI*SVYQ[LMGLLEWERI\TERHMRK[SVOPSEHERHE SFPMKEXMSRWMRVIWTIGXSJLYQERVMKLXWSJMRHMKIRSYWTISTPIW EW very limited budget. WIXSYXMRXLI(IGPEVEXMSR ERHXLIJEGXXLI]WLSYPHFIVITSVX MRKSRXLIWIQEXXIVWYRHIVXLIXVIEXMIW8LMWGSYPHTVSZIER ,S[IZIVMJXERKMFPIVIWYPXWEVIEGLMIZIHMXQE][IPPTVSZIXS IJJIGXMZIQIERWSJGSYRXIVMRKXLIQMWTIVGITXMSRXLEXXLI(IG FIERIJJIGXMZI[E]SJHMVIGXP]IRKEKMRKQSVI7XEXIWMRXLI[SVO PEVEXMSRMW³EWTMVEXMSREP´VEXLIVXLERQYGLSJMXFIMRKKVSYRHIH SJXLI*SVYQEW[IPPEWXEGOPMRKWSQISJXLI[SVWXLYQER in binding international human rights obligations. VMKLXWZMSPEXMSRW8LITSXIRXMEPJSVXLI*SVYQXSTVSHYGIQSVI XEVKIXIHERHGSRGVIXIVIGSQQIRHEXMSRWEWEVIWYPXSJXLMW *SVI\EQTPIXLI,YQER6MKLXW'SQQMXXII XLI'SQQMXXII ETTVSEGLLEWFIIR[IPGSQIHF]EVERKISJ92EKIRGMIWQER] [LMGLSZIVWIIWXLIMQTPIQIRXEXMSRSJXLI-RXIVREXMSREP'SZ SJ[LSQLEHTVIZMSYWP]WXVYKKPIHXSMHIRXMJ]LS[XLI]GSYPH IRERXSR'MZMPERH4SPMXMGEP6MKLXW -''46 [EWEWOIHF]XLI KMZIIJJIGXXSXLI*SVYQ´WQSVIKIRIVEPVIGSQQIRHEXMSRW4VS *SVYQXS³VIUYMVI´7XEXIWTEVXMIWXSVITSVXSRLS[XLI]EVI ZMHMRKSXLIVTEVXWSJXLI92LYQERVMKLXWW]WXIQ WYGLEW KMZMRKIJJIGXXSMRHMKIRSYWTISTPIW´VMKLXXSWIPJHIXIVQMREXMSR XVIEX]FSHMIWWTIGMEPTVSGIHYVIWERHXLIYRMZIVWEPTIVMSHMG YRHIV%VXMGPI SJ XLI -''46 ERH%VXMGPI SJ XLI (IGPEVE review) are alerted to the Forum’s recommendations, there is XMSR8LI*SVYQEPWSEWOIHXLEX7XEXIW³GSRWYPXERHGSSTIVEXI´ EPWSWGSTIXSLSPH7XEXIWEGGSYRXEFPIJSVXLIMVJSPPS[YTMRE [MXLMRHMKIRSYWTISTPIW[LIRHVEJXMRKXLIMVVITSVXW14 Further, VERKISJTVSGIWWIWSYXWMHIXLI*SVYQMXWIPJ XLI'SQQMXXII[EWIRGSYVEKIHXSYTHEXIEVERKISJMXWKIR IVEPGSQQIRXWXLEXTVIHEXIXLIEHSTXMSRSJXLI(IGPEVEXMSR It remains to be seen how eager States will be to invite the WYGLEW+IRIVEP'SQQIRXRSSRXLIVMKLXXSWIPJHIXIV *SVYQXSYRHIVXEOIXLIWIMRZIWXMKEXMZIZMWMXW8LI]EVIGSQTE QMREXMSR8LI*SVYQEPWSQEHIMXWIPJEZEMPEFPIXS³[SVOGPSWI VEFPIXSXLIGSYRXV]ZMWMXWYRHIVXEOIRF]WTIGMEPTVSGIHYVIW P]´[MXLXLIXVIEX]FSHMIWXSEWWMWXXLIQ[MXLSTIVEXMSREPMWMRK [LMGLEVIRSXVIRS[RIHJSVXLIMVTSTYPEVHIQERH10 Howev the Declaration,15ERHMWWYIHEWXERHMRKMRZMXEXMSRXSWIZIVEPSJ IVMRERIRGSYVEKMRKWMKRXLI*SVYQLEWEPVIEH]YRHIVXEOIRE XLIQXSTEVXMGMTEXIMRJYXYVIWIWWMSRW XLMVHZMWMXJSPPS[MRKERMRZMXEXMSRJVSQ'SPSQFMEERHXLMW[MPP FIXLIXSTMGSJERMRHITXLHMEPSKYIEXMXWRI\XWIWWMSR +MZIRXLIVSPISJXVIEX]FSHMIWMRHIZIPSTMRKNYVMWTVYHIRGI ERHMRXIVTVIXEXMSRSJMRXIVREXMSREPLYQERVMKLXWPE[XLMWHMVIGX It was also encouraging that over 20 States (the largest number GSSTIVEXMSRFIX[IIRXLIX[SIRXMXMIWGSYPHFIQYXYEPP]FIR XSHEXI XSSOTEVXMRXLIHMWGYWWMSRSRXLIWTIGMEPXLIQISJXLI IJMGMEP-X [SYPH EPPS[ JSV WLEVMRK SJ TIVWTIGXMZIWI\TIVMIRG 9thWIWWMSR³-RHMKIRSYWTISTPIWHIZIPSTQIRX[MXLGYPXYVIERH IWERHFIWXTVEGXMGIW8SKIXLIV[MXLXLI*SVYQ´WQSVIIWXEF MHIRXMX]%VXMGPIWERHSJXLI92Declaration on the Rights PMWLIHTVEGXMGISJIRGSYVEKMRK92EKIRGMIWERHQSVIVIGIRX of Indigenous Peoples.112SRIXLIPIWWMRMXWMRJSVQEPHMEPSKYI[MXL P]92GSYRXV]XIEQWXSYWIXLI(IGPEVEXMSRXSMRJSVQXLIMV 7XEXIWWIZIVEP7XEXIW[IVIGVMXMGEPSJXLIPMQMXIHSTTSVXYRMXMIW [SVO[MXLMRHMKIRSYWTISTPIWXLMWGSSTIVEXMSR[MXLXLIXVIEX] MRXLITVSKVEQQIJSV³WTSRXERISYWHMEPSKYI´[MXLMRHMKIRSYW FSHMIWGSYPHEHHERMQTSVXERXRI[HMQIRWMSRXSXLIKSEPSJ TEVXMGMTERXW128LMWMWEPSRKWXERHMRKTVSFPIQXLEXLEWTVSZIR MQTVSZMRKMRHMKIRSYWTISTPIW´HEMP]PMZIW HMJJMGYPXXSEHHVIWWKMZIRXLIWIWWMSRSRP]PEWXWX[S[IIOWXLI *SVYQ´W[SVOPSEHGSRXMRYIWXSKVS[ERHWIZIVEPXLSYWERH -2(-+)23974)340)7´6-+,87-2%*6-'% MRHMKIRSYWTISTPITEVXMGMTEXIIEGL]IEV A MORE CONCRETED RESPONSE NEEDED

-140)1)28-2+8,)()'0%6%8-32 'SRGIVREFSYXXLIEPEVQMRKPIZIPERHWIVMSYWZMSPEXMSRW%JVMGER THE ROLE OF TREATY BODIES MRHMKIRSYWTISTPIWI\TIVMIRGI[EWTVSQMRIRXXLVSYKLSYXXLI WIWWMSR-X[EWETSMRXIQTLEWMWIHF]XLI7TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYV *SVXLIJMVWXXMQIXLI*SVYQHMVIGXIHERYQFIVSJHIXEMPIH ERHXLI'LEMVTIVWSRSJXLI)\TIVX1IGLERMWQSRXLI6MKLXW and concrete recommendations to the UN treaty bodies.13 SJ-RHMKIRSYW4ISTPIW 16XLI'SRKSPIWIQIQFIVSJXLI*SVYQ These are intended to draw States’ attention to their treaty ERHXLI%JVMGER'EYGYW18%PPWTIEOIVWIQTLEWMWIHXLEXXVEHM

10 For an overview of visits undertaken and requested, see 14 Paras. 42, 49 and 50 of the Forum’s report of the 9th session. http://bit.ly/98NL9N. 15 The treaty bodies dealing with: civil and political rights; economic, 11 The theme was particularly relevant to the upcoming High-level social and cultural rights; children’s rights, and racial discrimination. summit at the General Assembly on the Millennium Development Para. 49 of the Forum’s report of the 9th session. Goals. Recommendations related to the MDGs are in paras. 14, 15, 16 Both experts drew attention to their cooperation with the African 39, 46, 49, 62, 123, 124, 162 of the Forum’s report of the 9th session. Commission on Human and Peoples Rights and its Working Group The special theme also prompted the Forum to recommend to the on indigenous populations/communities in Africa. UN Development Programme (UNDP) that all of its Human Develop- 17 Ms Liliane advised that although awareness of the adoption Decla- ment Reports 'should re"ect indigenous peoples' views of develop- ration was growing in Africa, States were taking their time to incor- ment’ and be written 'with the participation of indigenous peoples porate it into domestic law and policy, even though atrocities still themselves' (para. 36 of the Forum’s report of the 9th session). occurred and most indigenous peoples su$ered extreme poverty 12 Switzerland was frustrated that the dialogue segments require and marginalisation. She spoke of Africa being ‘taken over’ by corpo- all speakers (States, indigenous peoples, UN agencies) to join the rations that neither respected indigenous land and resource rights, speakers’ list, and all interventions are prepared statements. Aus- nor their right to free prior informed consent for development on tralia, Brazil, Thailand shared this frustration. their land. 13 The Forum has made recommendations to treaty bodies previously, 18 The caucus is an informal group of African indigenous peoples who but they have been quite general in scope. are registered participants at the Forum. During the session they

26 HUMAN RIGHTS MONITOR QUARTERLY | JULY 2010 PERMANENT FORUM ON INDIGENOUS ISSUES

XMSREPTVEGXMGIWERHPERHVMKLXWSJ%JVMGE´WMRHMKIRSYWTISTPIWMJ The 10thWIWWMSRSJXLI*SVYQ[MPPFILIPHMR2I[=SVOJVSQ XLI][IVIVIGSKRMWIHEXEPPJVIUYIRXP]GSQIMRXSGSRJPMGX[MXL XS1E]-X[MPPVIZMI[VIGSQQIRHEXMSRWJVSQTVIZM XLISFNIGXMZIWERHTSPMGMIWSJ7XEXIWGSVTSVEXMSRWERHXLIWYV SYWWIWWMSRWVIPEXIHXSXLIXLIQIWIGSRSQMGERHWSGMEPHIZIP VSYRHMRK HSQMRERX WSGMIXMIWXLVIEXIRMRK XLI ZIV] WYVZMZEP SJ STQIRX IRZMVSRQIRX ERHJVIITVMSVERHMRJSVQIHGSRWIRX24 indigenous cultures and communities. Namibia19 encouraged 8LILEPJHE]HMWGYWWMSR[MPPFISRMRHMKIRSYWTISTPIW´VMKLXXS XLI*SVYQXSIRKEKIMRKVIEXIVHITXL[MXLXLI%JVMGER'SQ [EXIV8LI*SVYQ[MPPEPWSJSGYWSRXLIWMXYEXMSRSJMRHMKIRSYW QMWWMSRSR,YQERERH4ISTPIW 6MKLXWERHXSHIZIPSTQSVI TISTPIW MR0EXMR%QIVMGEERHXLI'EVMFFIER0SSOMRKJYVXLIV HMVIGXERHVIKYPEVGSRXEGX[MXLXLI7XEXIWSJXLIVIKMSR*YV ELIEHXLIWTIGMEPXLIQIJSVXLIth session in 2012 will be XLIV2EQMFMEVIGSQQIRHIHXLI*SVYQ[SVO[MXLMRHMKIRSYW ³8LI(SGXVMRISJ(MWGSZIV]MXWIRHYVMRKMQTEGXSRMRHMKIRSYW SVKERMWEXMSRWMRXLIVIKMSRXSFYMPHXLIMVGETEGMX]EW³7XEXIW TISTPIWERHXLIVMKLXXSVIHVIWWJSVTEWXGSRUYIWXW EVXMGPIW alone cannot do it all’. ERHSJXLI(IGPEVEXMSR ´ Ŷ

%PXLSYKLELERHJYPSJVIGSQQIRHEXMSRWMRXLISYXGSQIHSGY QIRXSJXLIWIWWMSRRSXIHXLIGSRGIVREFSYXXLIWMXYEXMSRMR %JVMGE ERH IRGSYVEKIH 92 EKIRGMIW XS HMVIGX VIWSYVGIW ERH GETEGMX]FYMPHMRKTVSKVEQQIWXSXLIVIKMSR20XLMWMWRSXWYJJM GMIRXXSEHHVIWWXLIPIZIPSJRIIH

*9896);36/'6-8-'%0-779)7328,) HORIZON

*SVYQQIQFIVWEVIMRGVIEWMRKP]YRHIVXEOMRKVIWIEVGLTVSNIGXW SREVERKISJGSQTPI\TVSFPIQWXLEXGSRJVSRXMRHMKIRSYWGSQ QYRMXMIW8LMWWIWWMSRXLIVI[IVIXIRWYGLVITSVXWSRMWWYIW VERKMRKJVSQXLI³HSGXVMRISJHMWGSZIV]21XSMRHMKIRSYWTISTPIW ERHGSVTSVEXMSRWERHXLIMQTEGXSJXLIKPSFEPIGSRSQMGGVMWMW SRMRHMKIRSYWGSQQYRMXMIW8LIGSRWMHIVEXMSRSJXLIWIVITSVXW XSSOYTQYGLSJXLIWIGSRH[IIOSJXLIWIWWMSR+MZIRXLI FVIEHXLSJXLITVSFPIQWXLI]EHHVIWWIEGLSJXLIWIMWWYIW[MPP FIXLIWYFNIGXEJYVXLIVVITSVXEXXLIRI\XWIWWMSR-REHHMXMSR WM\RI[WXYHMIWLEZIFIIRGSQQMWWMSRIHJSVXLIth session.22 8LI*SVYQEPWSEKVIIHXSLSPHEXLVIIHE]I\TIVXQIIXMRKMR .ERYEV]SR³MRHMKIRSYWTISTPIWERHJSVIWXW´23

meet to discuss issues, prepare statements and make recommendations to the Forum. 19 Namibia included an indigenous chief in its o#cial delegation to the Forum, and submitted a report to the both the eighth and 9th sessions. 20 Paras. 49, 73, 110 and 132 of the Forum’s report of the 9th session. 21 This doctrine, also known as the ‘Doctrine of Christian Discovery’ has its roots in a ‘papal bull’, a legal decree issued by the Pope in 1455. The Holy See !rmly rejected this suggestion when the report was presented at the 9th session. The doctrine allowed the Christian states and monarchies of Europe that ‘discovered’ land, territory, and resources to assume sovereignty over them, providing the inhabit- ants were ‘heathens’ or ‘pagans’. The doctrine resulted in the domi- nance of indigenous peoples in Africa, Asia, and North and South America, as well as centuries of virtually unlimited resource extrac- tion from their traditional territories. This in turn resulted in their dis- possession, impoverishment, and the myriad of problems they face today. See E/C.19/2010/13 available at http://bit.ly/ccR6oa. 22 Paras. 18, 139-144 of the Forum’s report of the 9th session. The stud- ies will cover: indigenous peoples’ model of development; impact of land management practices and climate change on reindeer herd- ing; forced labour; forests; international criminal law and the judicial defence of indigenous peoples’ rights; and the Chittagong Hill Tracts Accord. 23 Paras. 153-161 of the Forum’s report of the 9th session. This theme was the focus of a half-day discussion during the 9th session of the digenous traditional knowledge. Forum. The expert meeting will bring together the Forum’s work on 24 At the 6th session of the Forum (2007), it decided that each even a range of related issues, including extractive industries on indig- numbered year would hold a thematic dialogue, and each odd year enous lands, climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies, would review a number of recommendations from previous ses- carbon o$set schemes in forests, biodiversity conservation and in- sions.

INTERNATIONAL SERVICE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTS

COMMITTEE AGAINST TORTURE -RIJJIGXMZIEGGSYRXEFMPMX]QIGLERMWQWMR7]VME.SVHERERH=IQIR 6)98)67(EVVMR>EQQMX0YTM

he Committee against Torture (the Committee) held its 44thWIWWMSRMR+IRIZEJVSQ%TVMPXS1E]8LI'SQ TQMXXIIGSRWMHIVIHXLIVITSVXWSJWIZIR7XEXITEVXMIWXSXLIConvention against Torture, and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment XLI'SRZIRXMSR %YWXVME'EQIVSSR*VERGI.SVHER0MIGLXIRWXIMR7[MX^IVPERHERH7]VME8LI'SQQMX XIIEPWSLIEVHVITPMIWJVSQ=IQIRXSXLITVSZMWMSREPGSRGPYHMRKSFWIVZEXMSRWEHSTXIHF]XLI'SQQMXXIIHYVMRKXLIrd session JSPPS[MRKEVIZMI[MRXLIEFWIRGISJXLI7XEXIHIPIKEXMSR

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´UYIWXMSRW YWMRKQYGLSJMXWXMQISRPSRKERHHIXEMPIHFYXKIRIVEPWXEXIQIRXW3RP]7]VMEEVKYIHXLEXWSQISJXLI'SQQMXXII´WUYIWXMSRW JIPPSYXWMHIXLIWGSTISJMXWQERHEXI

2+3%2(2,6-4%68-'-4%8-32;366=-2+%88)1487%8-28-1-(%8-32

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

8LI'SQQMXXIIMWJEGMRKWIVMSYWGLEPPIRKIWHYIXSMXWZIV]LIEZ][SVOPSEH8LMWMWYRJSVXYREXIP]EPWSEJJIGXMRKMXWIRKEKIQIRX [MXL2+3WERH2,6-W-XWIIQIHWSQI[LEXYRJEMVIZIRMJHYIXSXMQIGSRWXVEMRXWXLEXXLIXMQIKMZIRXS2+3WZEVMIHFIX[IIR more than one hour (on France) and around 15 minutes (on Cameroon). The Committee at this session decided that in the JYXYVISRP]XLIGSYRXV]VETTSVXIYVW[SYPHQIIX[MXL2,6-W

-XMWSJWIVMSYWGSRGIVRXLEX2+3VITVIWIRXEXMZIWJVSQ=IQIR[LSEXXIRHIHXLIrdWIWWMSRVITSVXIHFIMRKLEVEWWIHF]XLI +SZIVRQIRXMRXLIXMQIWMRGIXLIVIZMI[1IQFIVWSJXLI+SZIVRQIRXHIPIKEXMSRVITSVXIHP]EPWSEXXIQTXIHXSTLSXSKVETL

1 The Committee was disappointed that no NGOs from Austria and Liechtenstein presented information.

28 HUMAN RIGHTS MONITOR QUARTERLY | JULY 2010 COMMITTEE AGAINST TORTURE

2+3VITVIWIRXEXMZIWTVIWIRXEXXLIth session. The Commit RI[TVSGIHYVI8LITVSGIHYVI[EWHIZIPSTIHXSEWWMWX7XEXIW XIIEHHVIWWIHXLIWIVMSYWMWWYISJMRXMQMHEXMSRSJLYQERVMKLXW MRXLITVSHYGXMSRSJXMQIP]ERHJSGYWIHVITSVXWXLSYKL1V HIJIRHIVWMRMXWGSRGPYHMRKSFWIVZEXMSRWF]GEPPMRKSRXLI+SZ +VSWWQERVEMWIHGSRGIVRWXLEXMX[MPPVIUYMVIQSVITVITEVE IVRQIRXXS³IRWYVIXLEXEPPTIVWSRWMRGPYHMRKXLSWIQSRMXSV XMSRXMQIJVSQXLI'SQQMXXII8LI'SQQMXXIIMWXLISRP] MRKLYQERVMKLXWEVITVSXIGXIHJVSQMRXMQMHEXMSRSVZMSPIRGI XVIEX]FSH]XSETTP]WYGLETVSGIHYVIFYXXLI,YQER6MKLXW EWEVIWYPXSJXLIMVEGXMZMXMIW´-XEPWSEWOIHXLI+SZIVRQIRXXS 'SQQMXXIIMWMRXLITVSGIWWSJHIZIPSTMRKEWMQMPEVQIXLSH ³IRWYVIXLITVSQTXMQTEVXMEPERHIJJIGXMZIMRZIWXMKEXMSRSJWYGL The 11th-RXIV'SQQMXXII1IIXMRK -'1 MR.YRIXLMW]IEVHMW EGXWERHXSTVSWIGYXIERHTYRMWLTIVTIXVEXSVW[MXLTIREPXMIW GYWWIHXLMWRI[TVSGIHYVIEXPIRKXL5 ETTVSTVMEXIXSXLIREXYVISJXLSWIEGXW´-XVIQEMRWXSFIWIIR LS[XLI'SQQMXXIIQE]JSPPS[YTSREPPIKIHVITVMWEPWEKEMRWX During the 44thWIWWMSRMX[EWTVSFPIQEXMGXLEX7XEXIW´VIWTSRW TIVWSRWXLEXGSSTIVEXI[MXLMX IWXSXLIPMWXSJMWWYIW[IVIRSXXVERWPEXIHJVSQXLISVMKMREPPER KYEKII\GITXJSV.SVHER´WVIWTSRWI[LMGLMWEZEMPEFPIMR)RKPMWL 2+3W[IVIEPWSMRZMXIHXSFVMIJXLI'SQQMXXIIHYVMRKXLIHMW ERH%VEFMG8LMWMWERMWWYILEQTIVMRKXLI[SVOSJXLIXVIEX] GYWWMSRSRJSPPS[YTXSGSRGPYHMRKSFWIVZEXMSRWERHMRHMZMHYEP bodies in general. GSQTPEMRXW[LMGL MW E [IPGSQI RI[ HIZIPSTQIRX,S[IZIV XLIIGSRSQMGFEVVMIVWXSTEVXMGMTEXMSRJEGIHF]RSR+IRIZE 'SSTIVEXMSR[MXLSXLIVFSHMIWWYGLEWXLIWTIGMEPTVSGIHYVIW FEWIH2+3WLMKLPMKLXWXLIGLEPPIRKIJSVXLI'SQQMXXIIWIG SJXLI,YQER6MKLXW'SYRGMPXLI)YVSTIER'SQQMXXIIJSVXLI VIXEVMEXERH+IRIZEFEWIH2+3WXSIRWYVIXLEXXLITVSGIWW 4VIZIRXMSRSJ8SVXYVIERHXLI92:SPYRXEV]*YRHJSVXLI:MG is inclusive. XMQWSJ8SVXYVIGSRXMRYIHXSFIEQENSVXLIQISJHMWGYWWMSR MRXLI'SQQMXXII8LMWQERMJIWXIHMXWIPJXLVSYKLFSXLHMWGYW INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENTS WMSRWSJMRWXMXYXMSREPHIZIPSTQIRXWERHGVSWWVIJIVIRGMRKXLIWI FSHMIW´JMRHMRKWERHVIGSQQIRHEXMSRWHYVMRKXLII\EQMREXMSR ³8LIHMGXEXSVWLMTSJXMQI´2 SJ7XEXIVITSVXW 8LIJEGXXLEXXLI'SQQMXXIIEKEMRWX8SVXYVIHSIWRSXLEZIWYJ JMGMIRXXMQIXSGEVV]SYXMXWQERHEXI[EWEVIGYVVMRKMWWYIEX Membership: latest member is no stranger to the 44thWIWWMSR-RXLIQIIXMRK[MXL7XEXITEVXMIW1V+VSWW the Committee QERRSXIHXLEXXLI'SQQMXXIIHSIWRSXLEZIXLIGETEGMX]XS I\EQMRIVITSVXWEXXLIVEXIXLI]EVIWYFQMXXIH8LI'SQQMX The 44th session of the Committee saw the induction of one new XII LEW VIGIMZIH VITSVXW XLEX EVI TIRHMRK GSRWMHIVEXMSR member, Mr Alessio Bruni, who has previously served as Secretary ERHGSRWXMXYXIEFEGOPSKVIUYMVMRKXLVIIEHHMXMSREPWIWWMSRW of the Committee for thirteen years. Mr Bruni participated actively XSVIZIVWI8LI'SQQMXXIIEPWSJEGIWEFEGOPSKSJRIEVP] in the session, drawing on his previous experience with the TIRHMRKMRHMZMHYEPGSQTPEMRXW%W1V1EVMRSRSXIHMRQER]SJ Committee’s work. XLIWIGEWIWMRHMZMHYEPWEVI[EMXMRKMRHIXIRXMSRJSVEHIGMWMSR to be made. Mr Claudio Grossman was re-elected as Chairperson for another four-year period. Mr Grossman plays an active leadership role within Activities that the Committee has not been able to engage in the Committee, and his re-election marks a vote of confidence. FIGEYWI SJ VIWSYVGI ERH XMQI GSRWXVEMRXW MRGPYHI XLI HIZIP STQIRX SJ QSVI +IRIVEP 'SQQIRXW ERH QSWX YVKIRXP] MRZIWXMRKQSVIXMQIMRIEGLGSYRXV]I\EQMREXMSR3 In order to *SPPS[YT resolve the latter concern, the Committee decided to review The 44thWIWWMSRMRGPYHIHHMWGYWWMSRSJJSPPS[YTXSXLI'SQ WM\MRWXIEHSJWIZIR7XEXIWTIVWIWWMSRMRXLIJYXYVI-REHHMXMSR QMXXII´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r Grossman often referred to the ‘dictatorship of time’ as being the only dictatorship a$ecting the work of the Committee. 3 Currently, the Committee spends !ve hours to examine one State issues to each State party one year prior to the expected submission report. This time did generally not allow for su#cient dialogue and of its periodic report. The State party’s response to these questions for adequate responses to be provided by the State. Meetings also will replace its periodic report. often ran over into time scheduled for other activities, such as meet- 5 See the article on the ICM in this edition of the Human Rights Monitor ings with NGOs or NHRIs. The Chairperson invited delegations to Quarterly. submit additional information in writing within 24 hours after con- 6 Articles 19 and 22. cluding their replies. 7 The report will be available in the annual report of the Committee. 4 According to the new procedure, the Committee will submit a list of See also http://bit.ly/c3BN6z.

INTERNATIONAL SERVICE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 29 INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTS

VIWIEVGLSRXLIX]TIWSJVIGSQQIRHEXMSRWQEHIF]XLI'SQ Subcommittee on Prevention of Torture QMXXII8LMWVIZIEPIHFSXLXLIQSWXJVIUYIRXP]EHHVIWWIHMWWYIW ERHXLSWIXLEXEVIWTIGMJMGXSETEVXMGYPEVVIKMSRWYGLEWGSQ The Subcommittee on Prevention of Torture (SPT), presented its TPMERGI[MXL%VXMGPI non-refoulement)8MR)YVSTISVXLIMRZIW third annual report to the Committee. The SPT is an expert body XMKEXMSRSJHMWETTIEVERGIWMR0EXMR%QIVMGE&VSEHP]1W+EIV´W with a mandate to visit any place of detention in States that have VITSVXGSRGPYHIWXLEX'%8MWQEOMRKQSVIVIGSQQIRHEXMSRW ratified the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture ERHEWOMRKJSVQSVIJSPPS[YTXLERMRXLITEWX7LI[EWEPWS and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment GSRGIVRIH[MXLXLIUYEPMX]SJ7XEXIWÍRKEKIQIRX[MXLXLI (OPCAT). Its work is carried out in strict confidentiality. A major 'SQQMXXII%GGSVHMRKXS1W+EIVRS7XEXIVITPMIHJYPP]XS development in the SPT is its upcoming expansion from 10 to IZIV]UYIWXMSRTSWIHF]XLI'SQQMXXII 25 members due to increased ratification of OPCAT. The SPT is interested in seeing a more diverse representation of professional 1V*IVRERHS1EVMRS1IRIRHI^XLI6ETTSVXIYVSRJSPPS[YT expertise among its members, including doctors, psychologists, XSMRHMZMHYEPGSQQYRMGEXMSRWTVIWIRXIHERYTHEXISRHIZIPST police, lawyers and experts in detention centres. It will be up to QIRXWWMRGIXLITVIZMSYWWIWWMSR9,IIQTLEWMWIHXLEX'ERE State parties when electing the new members to ensure that HE7IVFMEERH1SRXIRIKVSERH8YRMWMELEZIRSXVIWTSRHIHXS this is considered. The SPT also expressed its hope for continued VIUYIWXWJSVJSPPS[YTMRJSVQEXMSRSRTIRHMRKGEWIW1V1EVM increased ratification of OPCAT, particularly by States in Asia and RSJSGYWIHQSWXSJLMWTVIWIRXEXMSRSRXLIGEWISJ1V%LQIH Africa. ,YWWIMR 1YWXEJE /EQMP%KMÊER )K]TXMER REXMSREP I\XVEHMXIH JVSQ7[IHIRXS)K]TXMRZMSPEXMSRSJ%VXMGPISJXLI'SRZIR The SPT conducted visits to Paraguay, Honduras and Cambodia XMSR4SWMXMZIHIZIPSTQIRXWMRXLIGEWIMRGPYHI7[IHIR´WRI[ during the period covered by its third report. Of the seven visit domestic legislation, the Aliens Act, which recognises the deci reports issued, three have been made public in accordance with WMSRWSJMRXIVREXMSREPXVMFYREPWMRGPYHMRKXLI'%8=IX7[IHIR OPCAT Article 16. The SPT’s programme of work for 2010 includes LEWRSXKVERXIH1V%KMÊEVIWMHIRGITIVQMXERHLMWVIPIEWI visits to Lebanon, Liberia and Bolivia. LEWRSXFIIRWIGYVIHXLYWXLI'SQQMXXIIHIGMHIHXSOIIT XLIGEWISTIR Other topics discussed were the working relationship of the Committee and the SPT. Both bodies are considering how better %RI\GITXMSREPGEWIJSPPS[YTXSVIZMI[ coordination of the timing of visits and preparatory processes MREFWIRGISJ7XEXIHIPIKEXMSR could enhance their respective work. Committee members At the 43rd WIWWMSR=IQIRHMH RSX WIRH E HIPIKEXMSR JSV XLI inquired as to how the SPT could share information with it from 'SQQMXXII´W I\EQMREXMSR SJ MXW VITSVX%TTEVIRXP] MX HMH its country visits. The SPT was reserved in its response, arguing RSXWIIXLIRIIHJSVXSEXXIRHXLI'%8I\EQMREXMSREJXIV that confidentiality should not be seen as destructive and is MXW VIZMI[ YRHIV XLI YRMZIVWEP TIVMSHMG VIZMI[ 946 MR 1E] essential for building the relationships that are critical to the 2009.108LIHIGMWMSRXSVIZMI[=IQIRMRXLIEFWIRGISJXLIHIP SPT’s preventative work. The SPT sees its added value in the fight IKEXMSRLEHIRNS]IH XLI WYTTSVX SJ EPP 'SQQMXXII QIQFIVW against torture as identifying causes and high-risk environments I\GITX1V;ERK[LSVIJYWIHXSTEVXMGMTEXIMRXLIVIZMI[11 At in order to strengthen prevention. XLITVIZMSYWWIWWMSRXLI'SQQMXXIIEHSTXIHTVSZMWMSREPGSR cluding observations and invited the State to submit written THEMES GSQQIRXW-XEHSTXIHXLIJMREPGSRGPYHMRKSFWIVZEXMSRWEXXLI 44thWIWWMSREJXIVLIEVMRKSVEPVITPMIWJVSQXLI7XEXIHIPIKEXMSR 0IKEPWXEXYWSJXSVXYVI [LMGLHIGMHIHXSXYVRYTJSVXLMWYRYWYEPTVSGIWW12 During its 8LI'SQQMXXIITSWIHUYIWXMSRWSRXLIPIKEPWXEXYWSJXLI SRILSYVVITP]XLIHIPIKEXMSRSJ=IQIRQIVIP]VIEHTVITEVIH Convention and other torture related domestic law to all WXEXIQIRXWXLEXPEGOIHGSRGVIXIMRJSVQEXMSR8LIEXQSWTLIVI 7XEXIWI\EQMRIHHYVMRKXLIWIWWMSR3JTEVXMGYPEVMRXIVIWXXS SJXLIVIZMI[[EWWXMJJERHXLI'SQQMXXIIHMHRSXVIWTSRHSV XLI'SQQMXXII[EW[LIXLIVEHIJMRMXMSRSJXSVXYVII\MWXWMR engage in dialogue with the delegation. HSQIWXMG PE[ ERH [LIXLIV XSVXYVI MW GVMQMREPMWIH WTIGMJMGEPP] 8LIPEGOSJEWTIGMJMGGVMQMREPTVSZMWMSRTVSZIHXSFISRISJ XLIQEMRGSRGIVRWSJXLI'SQQMXXIIMR7XEXIW[LIVIXSVXYVIMW not systematic such as France, Liechtenstein and Switzerland.13 -RVIWTSRWIXSEVKYQIRXWJVSQ*VERGIERH0MIGLXIRWXIMRXLEX XLIMVPIKMWPEXMSRMWWYJJMGMIRXXLI'SQQMXXIIIQTLEWMWIHXLEXE 8 Non-refoulement refers to the principle that no individual can be ex- PIKEPHMWXMRGXMSRFIX[IIRXSVXYVIERHSXLIVGVMQIWMWMQTSV pelled to a country where he or she is at risk of torture. 9 The report will be available in the annual report of the Committee. XERX-XGERIRWYVIXLEXXSVXYVIMWRSXWYFNIGXXSEWXEXYXISJPMQ See also http://bit.ly/c3BN6z. MXEXMSRWERHXLEXTIVTIXVEXSVWVIGIMZIETTVSTVMEXIWIRXIRGIW-X 10 See ISHR’s Human Rights Monitor 2009 at p.54. GEREPWSGSRXVMFYXIXSVEMWMRKTYFPMGE[EVIRIWWERHVIGSKRMXMSR Available at www.ishr.ch/hrm. 11 The review took place in accordance with rule 66 of paragraph (2) (b) SJXLIGVMQISJXSVXYVI of its rules of procedure. 12 The Committee had only reviewed one other State in the absence of 13 Austria was the only State at the 44th session incorporating a de!ni- a delegation before (Cambodia during the 30th session in 2003). tion of torture into its criminal code.

30 HUMAN RIGHTS MONITOR QUARTERLY | JULY 2010 COMMITTEE AGAINST TORTURE

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international obligations (Switzerland, Liechtenstein, France). IJJIGXMZIRIWWSJEGGSYRXEFMPMX]QIGLERMWQWHYVMRKXLII\EQMRE Finally, the Committee was interested to learn about investi XMSRSJ7XEXIW[LIVIXSVXYVIERHVIPEXIHGVMQIWWYGLEWEVFM KEXMSRW SJ GEWIW SJ QMWXVIEXQIRX ERH IQTLEWMWIH XLI MQTSV XVEV] HIXIRXMSRI\XVENYHMGMEP I\IGYXMSRWERH IRJSVGIH HMWET XERGISJQSRMXSVMRKHYVMRKI\TYPWMSRTVSGIHYVIWXSTVIZIRX TIEVERGIWWIIQIHXSSGGYV[MXLMQTYRMX]15 For instance, the XLIHMWTVSTSVXMSREXIYWISJJSVGI8LIHIEXLSJ2MKIVMEREW] 'SQQMXXIIUYIWXMSRIHXLIMRHITIRHIRGIERHIJJIGXMZIRIWWSJ PYQWIIOIV.SWITL2HYOEOY´W'LMEO[EHYVMRKLMWHITSVXEXMSR MRZIWXMKEXMZI ERH NYHMGMEP TVSGIWW MR .SVHERKMZIR XLI HIPIKE JVSQ>YVMGLEMVTSVXVEMWIHQER]UYIWXMSRWEFSYX7[MX^IVPERH´W XMSR´WGPEMQWXLEX³RSWMRKPIMRGMHIRX´SJXSVXYVILEHSGGYVVIH record in this regard. Regrettably, this issue was only scarcely MRXLITEWXXLVII]IEVW'SQQMXXIIQIQFIVWGEPPIHSR7XEXIW addressed by the delegation. XSIWXEFPMWLIJJIGXMZIMRZIWXMKEXMZITVSGIWWIWGVMQMREPWERGXMSRW ERHGSQTPEMRXERHVIHVIWWTVSGIHYVIWJSVZMGXMQW-RETEVXMGY Detention PEVP]QIQSVEFPIQSQIRX1V+VSWWQEREWOIHXLI7]VMERHIP 8LIMWWYISJHIXIRXMSRGSRHMXMSRW[EWHMWGYWWIH[MXLMRXLI IKEXMSRLS[XLITIREPX]JSVXSVXYVIMR7]VMEGSQTEVIHXSXLI JVEQI[SVOSJTVIZIRXMSRQIGLERMWQW WYGLEWMRHITIRHIRX TIREPX]JSVWXIEPMRKEGLMGOIR'SRGVIXII\EQTPIWSJXLIETTPM QSRMXSVMRKSJHIXIRXMSRGIRXVIW ERHWEJIKYEVHW WYGLEWZMHIS GEXMSRSJWERGXMSRW[IVISJKVIEXMRXIVIWXXSXLI'SQQMXXII GEQIVEWMRGIPPW 7XEXIW´RIKEXMZIHIXIRXMSRTVEGXMGIWJIPPPEVKIP] MRXSX[SGEQTW-RWSQI7XEXIWTSSVHIXIRXMSRGSRHMXMSRWERH 7IGSRHP]XLI'SQQMXXII[EWGSRGIVRIH[MXLXLIWXEXYWSJ ZMSPEXMSRWSJHIXEMRII´WVMKLXWEVI[MHIWTVIEHERHW]WXIQEXMG16 PIKEPWEJIKYEVHWEKEMRWXXSVXYVIMRXLII\EQMREXMSRSJEPP7XEXIW -RXLII\EQMREXMSRSJ'EQIVSSRXLI'SQQMXXIIRSXIHWIZIVI ERHTEVXMGYPEVP][LIXLIVHIXEMRIIWEVIKYEVERXIIHJYPPEGGIWW TVMWSRSZIVGVS[HMRKTVSPSRKIHHIXIRXMSRERHPEGOSJVIWTIGX to a doctor and lawyer throughout their detention. Finally, the JSVFEWMGVMKLXW-RSXLIV7XEXIWMRJVIUYIRXGEWIWSJHIXEMRII 'SQQMXXIIIRGSYVEKIHTVIZIRXEXMZIQIEWYVIWWYGLEWXVEMR QMWXVIEXQIRXMPPYWXVEXIHMWGVMQMREXMSREKEMRWXTEVXMGYPEVKVSYTW MRKJSVPE[IRJSVGIQIRXSJJMGIVWQSRMXSVMRKERHLYQERVMKLXW SVXLINYWXMJMGEXMSRSJZMSPEXMSRWMRI\GITXMSREPGMVGYQWXERGIW18 IHYGEXMSR3J XLI 7XEXIW VIZMI[IH EPP [IVI EWOIH XS TVSZMHI -R*VERGI´WI\EQMREXMSRXLI'SQQMXXIIVIUYIWXIHQSVIMRJSV MRJSVQEXMSREFSYXZMWMXWXSTVMWSRWF]MRHITIRHIRXQSRMXSVMRK mation about both the circumstances surrounding deaths and mechanisms, including international ones. MPPXVIEXQIRXSJHIXEMRIIWERHTVSGIIHMRKMRZIWXMKEXMSRW8LI 'SQQMXXII[EWEPWSGSRGIVRIHEFSYXSZIVGVS[HIHHIXIRXMSR -R7XEXIW[LIVIXSVXYVISGGYVWSRERI\GITXMSREPFEWMWXLI centres in France’s territories overseas. 'SQQMXXII[EWGSRGIVRIHEFSYXPIKEPMWIHI\GITXMSRWXSXLI MQTPIQIRXEXMSR SJ WEJIKYEVHW ERH EGGSYRXEFMPMX] QIGLERMWQW :YPRIVEFPIKVSYTW *SVMRWXERGIXLI'SQQMXXIIVEMWIHUYIWXMSRWEFSYXI\GIT 8LI'SQQMXXIIGSRXMRYIHXSTE]TEVXMGYPEVEXXIRXMSRXSXSV tional circumstances when access to a lawyer is denied (Aus ture and cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment committed tria, France, Liechtenstein). The Committee was also concerned EKEMRWXZYPRIVEFPIKVSYTWF]FSXL7XEXIERHRSR7XEXIEGXSVW [MXL0MIGLXIRWXIMR´WVIZMWMSRSJXLIPE[VIKEVHMRKXLIVMKLXXS 8LYW ZMSPIRGI EKEMRWX [SQIR ERH GLMPHVIR MRGPYHMRK VETI EGGIWWEHSGXSV8LIRI[PE[HIJMRIWEGGIWWXSEHSGXSVEWE JIQEPIKIRMXEPQYXMPEXMSRLSRSYVGVMQIWHSQIWXMGZMSPIRGI TVSGIHYVEPVIUYMVIQIRXFYXRSPSRKIVEPIKEPVMKLX XVEJJMGOMRKGSVTSVEPTYRMWLQIRXERHPS[PIKEPQEVVMEKIEKI [IVI EHHVIWWIH VITIEXIHP]8LIWI MWWYIW [IVI GIRXVEP XS XLI 2SRVIJSYPIQIRXERHEW]PYQTVSGIHYVIW 'SQQMXXII´W I\EQMREXMSR SJ .SVHER7]VME ERH=IQIR;LMPI 8LITVMRGMTPISJnon-refoulementGSRXMRYIHXSFIEQENSVMWWYI .SVHERHIRMIHQSWXGPEMQWEFSYXXLIWITVEGXMGIW7]VMEEVKYIH SJHMWGYWWMSRERHTEVXMGYPEVP]HYVMRKXLII\EQMREXMSRWSJ%YW XLEX[SQIR´WMWWYIWHSRSXJEPP[MXLMRXLI'SQQMXXII´WQER tria, France, Liechtenstein and Switzerland. Particular attention HEXI%FYWISJSXLIVTS[IVPIWWKVSYTWWYGLEWTIVWSRW[MXL [EWKMZIRXSLS[7XEXIWHIXIVQMRIXLIVMWOSJXSVXYVIMREHIW HMWEFMPMXMIWTIVWSRWMRTW]GLMEXVMGMRWXMXYXMSRWQMKVERX[SVOIVW XMREXMSRGSYRXV]8LI'SQQMXXIISFNIGXIHXSXLIMRGVIEWMRKP] ERHHSQIWXMG[SVOIVW[EWEPWSMRGPYHIHMRXLIHMWGYWWMSR Ŷ GSQQSR7XEXITVEGXMGISJHIZIPSTMRKE³WEJIPMWX´SJGSYRXVMIW

14 For instance, safeguards such as the right to access a doctor may 16 Cameroon, Jordan, Syria and Yemen. serve to prevent torture and function as an accountability mecha- 17 Prisoners are often chained and pre-trial detention is known to ex- nism where torture has occurred. ceed a detainee’s longest possible sentence. 15 Yemen, Jordan, Syria. 18 Austria, France, Liechtenstein and Switzerland.

INTERNATIONAL SERVICE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 31 INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTS

COMMITTEE ON ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS (MWGVMQMREXMSREKEMRWX[SQIREGSQQSRSFWXEGPIXSIRNS]QIRXSJIGSRSQMGERHWSGMEPVMKLXW Creative Commons Creative Girls participate in classes being held at an all-girls school in Afghanistan, one of the !ve States examined by the Committee in May 2010.

he Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (the Committee) held its 44thWIWWMSRMR+IRIZEJVSQXS1E] T-XVIZMI[IHVITSVXWJVSQJMZI7XEXITEVXMIWXSXLIInternational Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (the 'SZIRERX REQIP]%JKLERMWXER%PKIVME'SPSQFME/E^EOLWXERERH1EYVMXMYW8LI'SQQMXXIIJSGYWIHSRXLIPIKEPWXEXYWSJXLI 'SZIRERXMRXLIHSQIWXMGPIKEPW]WXIQ[SQIR´WLYQERVMKLXWXLIVMKLXXS[SVOXLIVMKLXXSEREHIUYEXIWXERHEVHSJPMZMRKERH the right to health.

;LMPIEPP7XEXIWWIIQIHXSETTVSEGLXLIHMEPSKYI[MXLXLI'SQQMXXIIMREWTMVMXSJGSSTIVEXMSRXLIHIPIKEXMSRSJ'SPSQFME ERHXSWSQII\XIRX/E^EOLWXERWIIQIHXSPEGOXLIRIGIWWEV]I\TIVXMWIXSTVSZMHIXLI'SQQMXXII[MXLTIVXMRIRXMRJSVQEXMSR ERHWTIGMJMGERW[IVWXSMXWUYIWXMSRW;LMPIHIPIKEXMSRW[IVIEPPLMKLPIZIP/E^EOLWXERLEHXLIPEVKIWXHIPIKEXMSR QIQFIVW ERH'SPSQFMELEHXLILMKLIWXVITVIWIRXEXMSRSJ[SQIR IMKLXSYXSJ

NGO PARTICIPATION

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

8LIXSTMGVIGIMZMRKQSWXEXXIRXMSRHYVMRKXLI2+3FVMIJMRK[EWXLIMRGVIEWIMRHVYKEFYWIERHVIPEXIH,-:%-(7MRJIGXMSRW ERHKVS[MRKGVMQIERHGSVVYTXMSR8LI-RXIVREXMSREP,EVQ6IHYGXMSR%WWSGMEXMSRMREWWSGMEXMSR[MXLPSGEP2+3WTVIWIRXIH MRJSVQEXMSRSRHVYKEFYWIMREPP7XEXIWFIMRKI\EQMRIH;LMPI'SQQMXXIIQIQFIV1V7E´HMGSQQIRXIHXLEXXSSQYGLJSGYW was given to drug issues, the Committee highlighted these issues in all the countries but Algeria.

7IZIVEP2+3WQEHIZEPYEFPI[VMXXIRWYFQMWWMSRWWSQISJ[LMGL[IVIXEOIRYTF]'SQQMXXIIQIQFIVWHYVMRKXLIVIZMI[W 8LI-RXIVREXMSREP(MWEFMPMX]%PPMERGIWYFQMXXIHMRJSVQEXMSRSREPPSJXLIGSYRXVMIWI\EQMRIHFYXXLI'SQQMXXIISRP]XSSOYT HMWEFMPMX]MWWYIWMR%JKLERMWXER/E^EOLWXERERH1EYVMXMYW8LIMWWYISJGSVTSVEPTYRMWLQIRXSRP]VIGIMZIHEXXIRXMSRMRXLIGEWIW SJ%JKLERMWXER%PKIVMEERH1EYVMXMYWEPXLSYKLMXLEHFIIRLMKLPMKLXIHMRVIPEXMSRXSEPPGSYRXVMIW

1 The NGOs were: International Harm Reduction Association, Colombian Coalition for Human Rights, Colombian Commission of Jurists, FIAN In- ternational, Coordinacion Regional del Paci!co Colombiano, Wayuu de Wepiapaa Indigenous Community, Seeds Group, Tamazgha, Collectif Ur- gence Toxida, Global Health Research Centre, International Disability Alliance and Afghan Council for Reconstruction and Development. 2 Also the number of NGO reports submitted to the Committee was highest for Colombia (eight reports), with six reports for Kazakhstan, four for Algeria and two for both Afghanistan and Mauritius.

32 HUMAN RIGHTS MONITOR QUARTERLY | JULY 2010 COMMITTEE ON ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS

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ÊOLWXER XLI JEGX XLEX 'SZIRERX VMKLXW LEZI RSX FIIR MRZSOIH FIJSVI ERHWI\YEPI\TPSMXEXMSR %JKLERMWXER1EYVMXMYW ERHPS[QEV HSQIWXMGGSYVXWMR%JKLERMWXER%PKIVME/EÊOLWXERSV1EYVM VMEKIEKI %JKLERMWXER'SPSQFME XMYW-XVIGSQQIRHIHXLEX%JKLERMWXERERH/EÊOLWXERTVSZMHI HIXEMPIHMRJSVQEXMSRSRVIPIZERXGSYVXHIGMWMSRWMRXLIMVRI\X 8LIVMKLXXS[SVO VITSVXW8LI 'SQQMXXII GSRWMWXIRXP] VIJIVVIH XS MXW +IRIVEP 9RIQTPS]QIRX[EWEVIGYVVIRXMWWYIMREPPVIZMI[WIWTIGMEPP] 'SQQIRX 2S SR XLI HSQIWXMG ETTPMGEXMSR SJ XLI LMKLPIZIPWSJ]SYXLYRIQTPS]QIRX%JKLERMWXER[EWYREFPIXS 'SZIRERX8LI 'SQQMXXII EPWS GVMXMGMWIH 1EYVMXMYW JSV RSX UYERXMJ] MXW YRIQTPS]QIRX VEXIW HYI XS PEGO SJ VIPIZERX ERH including economic, social and cultural rights in its Constitu reliable labour statistics. With regard to Colombia, the high XMSR-RXLIGEWISJ'SPSQFMEXLI'SQQMXXIIVIUYIWXIHXLEX YRIQTPS]QIRXEQSRKMRHMKIRSYWGSQQYRMXMIW[EWEGSRGIVR XLI7XEXIMRMXWRI\XTIVMSHMGVITSVXTVSZMHIMRJSVQEXMSRSR 8LI'SQQMXXII[EWWOITXMGEPXLEXQMRMQYQ[EKIWIRWYVIER XLITVEGXMGEPETTPMGEXMSRSJXLI'SZIRERXEW[IPPEWHMWEKKVI EHIUYEXI WXERHEVH SJ PMZMRK %JKLERMWXER%PKIVME/EÊOLWXER KEXIHHEXEERHVIPIZERXWXEXMWXMGWSREGSQTEVEXMZIERRYEPFEWMW ERH [EW GSRGIVRIH F] XLI EFWIRGI SJ E QMRMQYQ [EKI MR VIKEVHMRKQIEWYVIWXEOIRXSMQTPIQIRXXLIVMKLXWIRWLVMRIHMR 1EYVMXMYW%RSXLIVMWWYISJGSRGIVR[EWXLIHMWTEVMX]FIX[IIR the Covenant. [EKIW SJ QIR ERH [SQIR %JKLERMWXER %PKIVME 'SPSQFME 1EYVMXMYW ERHXLIGSRGIRXVEXMSRSJ[SQIRMRPS[[EKIERH Women’s human rights YRWOMPPIHPEFSYVWIGXSVW /EÊOLWXER1EYVMXMYW Issues relating to women’s human rights and discrimina XMSR EKEMRWX [SQIR [IVI FVSYKLX YT W]WXIQEXMGEPP] F] XLI 8LI 'SQQMXXII I\TVIWWIH GSRGIVR VIKEVHMRK XLI PMQMXEXMSRW 'SQQMXXIIMRIEGL7XEXII\EQMREXMSRERHTEVXMGYPEVP]MRXLEX SRXLIVMKLXXSWXVMOI %PKIVME'SPSQFME/EÊOLWXER ERHXLI SJ%JKLERMWXER;LMPI RSXMRK%JKLERMWXER´WIJJSVXW XS TVSQSXI EFWIRGISJEVMKLXXSWXVMOIMRXLI0EFSYV'SHISJ%JKLERMWXER gender equality (e.g. a new law criminalising violence against *SVGIHSVGSQTYPWSV]PEFSYV[EWFVSYKLXYT[MXLVIWTIGXXS [SQIRERI[QMRMWXIVJSV[SQIR´WEJJEMVWERHERMRGVIEWIMR %JKLERMWXER[LIVITIVWSRWLEZIFIIRWYFNIGXIHXSJSVGIHSV XLIRYQFIVSJ[SQIRMRTEVPMEQIRXXS 'SQQMXXIIQIQ GSQTYPWSV] PEFSYV EW TYRMWLQIRX JSV LSPHMRK SV I\TVIWWMRK FIVW [IVI GVMXMGEP SJ XLI MREHIUYEXI VIEPMWEXMSR SJ IGSRSQMG TSPMXMGEPSVMHISPSKMGEPZMI[WERH/EÊOLWXER[LIVIGSYVXWGER WSGMEP ERH GYPXYVEP VMKLXW JSV [SQIR8LI] [IVI GSRGIVRIH WIRXIRGIWSQISRIXSJSVGIHPEFSYV EFSYX VITSVXW SJ ZMSPIRGI EKEMRWX KMVPW ERH JIQEPI XIEGLIVW ³LSRSYVOMPPMRKWÉRHPS[VITVIWIRXEXMSRSJ[SQIRMRHIGMWMSR 4VSXIGXMSR SJ QMKVERX [SVOIVW [EW I\TSWIH MR XLI GEWI SJ QEOMRKTSWMXMSRW 1EYVMXMYW [LIVI QMKVERX [SVOIVW JEGI HMJJMGYPX PMZMRK ERH [SVOMRKGSRHMXMSRWERHVMWOHITSVXEXMSRMJXLI]KSSRWXVMOI 'SQQMXXIIQIQFIV1W&EVELSRE6MIVEJSGYWIHSR[SQIR´W 8LI 'SQQMXXII [EW GSRGIVRIH XLEX MR /EÊOLWXER QMKVERX LYQER VMKLXW MR QER] SJ XLI VIZMI[W 7LI [EW TEVXMGYPEVP] [SVOIVWMRWSQIWIGXSVWEVISJXIRJSVGIHXS[SVOPSRKLSYVW GSRGIVRIH EFSYX XLI PEGO SJ WTIGMJMG TVSZMWMSRW GVMQMREPMWMRK JSVPMXXPISVRSVIQYRIVEXMSRERHLEZIXLIMVTEWWTSVXWXEOIR ZMSPIRGIEKEMRWX[SQIRHSQIWXMGZMSPIRGIERHQEVMXEPVETIMR E[E]XSTVIZIRXXLIQJVSQWIIOMRKSXLIV[SVOSVPIEZMRKXLI 1EYVMXMYW%PKIVMEERH/EÊOLWXER-RXLIVIZMI[SJ'SPSQFME GSYRXV]8LI'SQQMXXIIEPWSRSXIH[MXLGSRGIVRXLIMWWYISJ WLI JSGYWIH SR XLI EPEVQMRK VEXI SJ WI\YEP ZMSPIRGI EKEMRWX GLMPHPEFSYVMRWIZIVEP7XEXIWERHEWOIH[LEXXLI][IVIHSMRK [SQIR ERH KMVPW F] FSXL QIQFIVW SJ XLI EVQIH JSVGIW ERH XSGSQFEXMX %JKLERMWXER%PKIVME'SPSQFME/EÊOLWXER MPPIKEPEVQIHKVSYTWERHZMSPIRGIEKEMRWX[SQIRJSVGMFP]HMW TPEGIHF]XLIGSRJPMGX8LI'SQQMXXIIEPWSI\TVIWWIHGSRGIVR 8LIVMKLXXSEREHIUYEXIWXERHEVHSJPMZMRK XLEX TIVTIXVEXSVW SJ ZMSPIRGI EKEMRWX [SQIR VIQEMR YRTYR 8LI 'SQQMXXII HIZSXIH WMKRMJMGERX EXXIRXMSR XS EGGIWW XS MWLIH 'SPSQFME%JKLERMWXER/EÊOLWXER ERHXLEXXVEHMXMSREP EHIUYEXI LSYWMRK JSGYWMRK SR TIVWSRW HMWTPEGIH HYI XS NYWXMGI QIGLERMWQW MR %JKLERMWXER EVI RSX GSQTEXMFPI [MXL MRXIVREP GSRJPMGXW [LS PMZI MR MRJSVQEP WIXXPIQIRXW [MXL RS MRXIVREXMSREPLYQERVMKLXWWXERHEVHWJSVTVSXIGXMRK[SQIR VYRRMRK[EXIVSVIPIGXVMGMX]SVEGGIWWXSIHYGEXMSREPJEGMPMXMIW %JKLERMWXER%PKIVME'SPSQFME ERHTIVWSRWJEGMRKJSVGIHIZMG -RXLIGEWIWSJ%JKLERMWXER1EYVMXMYWERH%PKIVMEXLI'SQQMXXII XMSRW [MXLSYX EHIUYEXI GSQTIRWEXMSR SV EPXIVREXMZI EGGSQ highlighted laws which discriminate against women such as in QSHEXMSR %JKLERMWXER /EÊOLWXER %PKIVME 'SPSQFME 8LI VIPEXMSR XS KYEVHMERWLMT MRLIVMXERGI YRHIVEKI QEVVMEKI ERH MWWYI SJ JSVGIH IZMGXMSRW GEQI YT XLI QSWX [MXL 'SPSQFME VIWXVMGXMSRWSRQSZIQIRXSYXWMHIXLILSQI %JKLERMWXER HMW [LIVIMRHMKIRSYWGSQQYRMXMIWERHTISTPISJ%JVMGERHIWGIRX GVMQMREXMSRMRXLIEVIEWSJEHSTXMSRQEVVMEKIHMZSVGIFYVMEPSV JEGIJSVGIHIZMGXMSRWHYIXSYWISJPERHJSVTVSHYGXMSRSJFMS HIZSPYXMSRSJTVSTIVX]SRHIEXL 1EYVMXMYW ERHXLITVSLMFMXMSR JYIPW ERH QMRMRK-R XLI GEWI SJ%PKIVMEXLI 'SQQMXXII [EW

INTERNATIONAL SERVICE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 33 INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTS

seriously concerned about housing shortage and the State’s EFPIHMRHMKIRSYWTISTPIWQMKVERX[SVOIVWQMRSVMXMIWVIJYKIIW HMWTVSTSVXMSREXIP]PS[FYHKIXJSVLSYWMRK MRMX[EW ERH EW]PYQ WIIOIVW ERH MRXIVREPP] HMWTPEGIH TIVWSRW [IVI XMQIWWQEPPIVXLERXLEXJSVREXMSREPHIJIRGI EHHVIWWIHMREPPSJXLIVIZMI[W

4SZIVX][EWERMWWYIGSQQSRXSEPP7XEXIVIZMI[WTEVXMGYPEVP] 3XLIV MQTSVXERX MWWYIW VEMWIH F] XLI 'SQQMXXII MRGPYHIH MRVYVEPEVIEW[LIVITISTPIPEGOEGGIWWXSFEWMGWIVZMGIWWYGL LMKL RYQFIVW SJ SVTLERIH ERH WXVIIX GLMPHVIR %JKLERMWXER EW HVMROMRK [EXIV[EWXI VIQSZEPWERMXEV] JEGMPMXMIWERH IPIG /EÊOLWXER 'SPSQFME GSVVYTXMSR /EÊOLWXER 1EYVMXMYW XVMGMX] %JKLERMWXER%PKIVME/EÊOLWXER'SPSQFME1EYVMXMYW EGGIWW XS IHYGEXMSR %JKLERMWXER%PKIVME 'SPSQFME%PKIVME 'SQQMXXII QIQFIV 1W &VEW +SQIW [EW TEVXMGYPEVP] GSR TSZIVX] %JKLERMWXER 1EYVMXMYW /EÊOLWXER 'SPSQFME IRZM GIVRIH[MXLLMKLTSZIVX]VEXIWEQSRK1EYVMXMER'VISPIWERH VSRQIRXEP MWWYIW /EÊOLWXER WSGMEP WIGYVMX] /EÊOLWXER XLI JEGX XLEX XLI TSZIVX] VEXI EQSRK 'SPSQFMERW SJ%JVMGER ERHGYPXYVEPLIVMXEKI %JKLERMWXER HIWGIRXERHMRHMKIRSYWTISTPIWMR'SPSQFMEMWHSYFPIXLEXSJ XLIKIRIVEPTSTYPEXMSR Committee members

The right to health While most of the Committee members were active in the dia- The Committee was generally concerned about women’s logue, particularly Mr Sa’di, Mr Kedzia, Mr Pillay, and Ms Bonoan- EGGIWWXSLIEPXLWIVZMGIW-XRSXIH%JKLERMWXER´WERH'SPSQFME´W Dandan, others were less involved, and some could even be seen LMKL QEXIVREP QSVXEPMX] ERH QSVFMHMX] EW E VIWYPX SJ PEGO SJ taking short naps during sessions. Some Committee members JIQEPI LIEPXL [SVOIVW ERH EGGIWW XS LIEPXL WIVZMGIW MR VYVEP showed strong interest in particular themes. For example, Ms EVIEW8LI 'SQQMXXII JSYRH XLEX TVSZMWMSR SJ WI\YEP LIEPXL Barahona Riera focused on a wide range of women’s issues while WIVZMGIW [IVI WIZIVIP] PEGOMRK MR 'SPSQFME /E^EOLWXER Ms Bras Gomes tackled social security. Mr Riedel was among the Mauritius,3ERH%JKLERMWXER-XVIGSQQIRHIHXLEXWYGLLIEPXL very active Committee members seeking information on concrete WIVZMGIW FI QEHI QSVI [MHIP] EZEMPEFPI ERH XLEX WI\YEP ERH results of laws, policies, and programmes. Some Committee mem- VITVSHYGXMZIIHYGEXMSRFITVSZMHIHMRWGLSSPW8LI'SQQMXXII bers seemed very deferential to States, while others only made EPWSVIGSQQIRHIHXLEX1EYVMXMYWHIGVMQMREPMWIEFSVXMSR[LIR infrequent interventions, which were cursory and added little to XLIQSXLIV´WPMJIMWEXVMWOERH[LIVIXLITVIKRERG]MWEVIWYPX the dialogue. SJ VETI -X EPWS VIUYIWXIH%PKIVME 1EYVMXMYW ERH /E^EOLWXER XSTVSZMHIEHHMXMSREPMRJSVQEXMSRSRWI\YEPERHVITVSHYGXMZI LIEPXLWIVZMGIWMRXLIMVRI\XVITSVXW OTHER DEVELOPMENTS

8LI 'SQQMXXII TVIWYQEFP] FIGEYWI SJ WYFWXERXMEP [VMXXIR 1V%WPER/LYWIMRSZMGL%FEWLMHÎ 6YWWMER*IHIVEXMSR VITPEGIH MRJSVQEXMSRJVSQ2+3WSRHVYKMWWYIWI\EQMRIHXLIRIKEXMZI Mr Yuri Kolosov (also Russian Federation), who resigned in IJJIGX SJ HVYK YWI SR LIEPXL MR EPP 7XEXIW FYX%PKIVME [LIVI %YKYWXEWEQIQFIVSJXLI'SQQMXXII1V%FEWLMHÎE RS 2+3 WYFQMWWMSR LEH FIIR QEHI -X [EW TEVXMGYPEVP] TVSJIWWSVMRMRXIVREXMSREPPE[WIIQIHVIXMGIRXXSWTIEOHYVMRK EPEVQIHEXXLILMKLPIZIPSJHVYKGSRWYQTXMSRMR'SPSQFMEERH LMWJMVWXWIWWMSREW'SQQMXXIIQIQFIV 1EYVMXMYW ERH [MHIWTVIEH HVYK TVSHYGXMSR ERH HVYK XVEJJMGO MRK MR /EÊOLWXER4 'SPSQFME1EYVMXMYWERH%JKLERMWXER8LI 8LI WIWWMSR [EW LEQTIVIH F] XLI JEGX XLEX XVERWPEXMSRW SJ 'SQQMXXIIEPWSEHHVIWWIHVIPEXIHTVSFPIQWWYGLEW,-:%-(7 XLI VITPMIW XS XLI PMWXW SJ MWWYIW [IVI RSX EZEMPEFPI I\GITX GSVVYTXMSRZMSPIRGIERHMRXIVREPHMWTPEGIQIRX8LI'SQQMXXII /EÊOLWXER´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ÊOLWXER´WJSVGMFPIMRXIVRQIRXSJTW]GLMEXVMGTEXMIRXW 3TXMSREP4VSXSGSPXSXLI'SZIRERXERHPSSOIHEXMQTVSZMRK MXW[SVOMRKQIXLSHW Other thematic issues 8LVSYKLSYXXLIVIZMI[SJ7XEXIWXLI'SQQMXXIIJSGYWIHSR *MREPP]XLI'SQQMXXIIEHSTXIHPMWXWSJMWWYIWSR1SPHSZEXLI ZYPRIVEFPIKVSYTW-WWYIWVIPEXMRKXSGLMPHVIR[SQIRXLIHMW 6YWWMER *IHIVEXMSR 7VM 0EROE8YVOI] ERH=IQIR 7VM 0EROE [MPP FI I\EQMRIH HYVMRK XLI 'SQQMXXII´W YTGSQMRK WIWWMSR 3 The Committee was disappointed with the lack of information provided by Mauritius on this subject, as well as on strategies to combat MR 2SZIQFIV[LMPI XLI SXLIV GSYRXVMIW [MPP FI I\EQMRIH EX chronic diseases. subsequent sessions. Ŷ 4 Kazakhstan did not supply the Committee with enough information and was requested to provide more information in its next report.

34 HUMAN RIGHTS MONITOR QUARTERLY | JULY 2010 COMMITTEE ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD

COMMITTEE ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD 'SVTSVEPTYRMWLQIRXXSVXYVIERHNYZIRMPINYWXMGIVEMWIGSRXVSZIVW]HYVMRK7XEXIVIZMI[W Creative Commons. Creative Mother and child in Japan. The Committee on the Rights of the Child reviewed 18 State reports during its 54th session in May-June 2010, including Japan.

LI'SQQMXXIISRXLI6MKLXWSJXLI'LMPH XLI'SQQMXXII QIXMR+IRIZEJVSQ1E]XS.YRIJSVMXWth session TERHJVSQXS.YRIJSVMXWthTVIWIWWMSR-REHHMXMSRXSVIZMI[MRK7XEXITEVX]VITSVXWHYVMRKXLIth session, it also HMWGYWWIHMXWXVIEX]WTIGMJMGKYMHIPMRIWERHXLVIIKIRIVEPGSQQIRXWERHJSPPS[IHXLIIPEFSVEXMSRSJERI[STXMSREPTVSXSGSPJSV EGSQQYRMGEXMSRWTVSGIHYVI(YVMRKXLIthTVIWIWWMSRXLI'SQQMXXIIGSRHYGXIHETVIPMQMREV]VIZMI[SJ7XEXITEVX]VITSVXW ERHXLIEPXIVREXMZIVITSVXWMRXLITVIWIRGISJ2+3WERHGIVXEMR92EKIRGMIW&SXLWIWWMSRW[IVILIPHMRTEVEPPIPGLEQFIVWSJ RMRI'SQQMXXIIQIQFIVWIEGL8LIX[SGLEQFIVW[MPPFIQEMRXEMRIHYRXMP7ITXIQFIVEJXIV[LMGLXLI'SQQMXXII[MPP meet in one chamber once again.

During the 44thWIWWMSRXLI'SQQMXXIII\EQMRIH%VKIRXMRE '6'347'ERH34%' &IPKMYQ '6'ERH347' 'SPSQFME 34%'ERH347' +VIREHE '6' .ETER '6'347'ERH34%' 2MKIVME '6' XLI*SVQIV=YKSWPEZ6ITYFPMGSJ1EGIHSRME '6'347'ERH34%' 7IVFME 347'ERH34%' ERH8YRMWME '6' -X[EWHYIXSVIZMI[XLIVITSVXSJ+YEXIQEPEFYXXLI WIWWMSR[EWTSWXTSRIHYRXMP7ITXIQFIVHYIXSREXYVEPHMWEWXIVWMRXLIGSYRXV]

8LI[SVOSJXLI'SQQMXXII[EWLEQTIVIHF]HIPE]WMRXVERWPEXMSR8LI'SQQMXXIIGSRWMWXIRXP]VEMWIWGSRGIVRWEFSYXXLI MQTEGXSJPEXIXVERWPEXMSRWSRMXW[SVOIWTIGMEPP]WMRGIXLIWMXYEXMSRETTIEVWXSFI[SVWIRMRK*SVMRWXERGIXLI[VMXXIRVITPMIW JSV'SPSQFME[IVIRSXXVERWPEXIHMRXMQIJSVXLIHMEPSKYI[MXLXLI7XEXI+MZIRXLIWIVMSYWRIWWSJXLIMWWYIWYRHIVXLI34%' ERH347'MR'SPSQFMEXLI'SQQMXXIIGSRWMHIVIHTSWXTSRMRKXLIWIWWMSRXSEPPS[XMQIJSVXVERWPEXMSR1 In the end, it decided XSWTIRHSRISJMXWGPSWIHQIIXMRKWKIXXMRKXLIHSGYQIRXXVERWPEXIHSVEPP]

2+34%68-'-4%8-32-28,)7)77-32%2(46)7)77-32

%PXLSYKL2+3WGERSRP]TEVXMGMTEXIEWSFWIVZIVWMRXLIWIWWMSRXLIVI[EWELMKLXYVRSYXSJREXMSREP2+3WJVSQ%VKIRXMRE &IPKMYQ'SPSQFME*=6SJ1EGIHSRME+VIREHE.ETERERH7IVFME.ETERWE[VIGSVH2+3TEVXMGMTEXMSR[MXLSZIVTIVWSRW EXXIRHMRKXLIWIWWMSR8LMWVIWYPXIHMRGVIEXMZIPSKMWXMGEPEVVERKIQIRXWMRGPYHMRKEWIGSRHVSSQJSVXLISZIVWTMPPERHWLMJXWXS attend the session.

8LIVIEGXMSRWJVSQ7XEXIHIPIKEXMSRWXSXLITVIWIRGISJREXMSREP2+3WZEVMIHKVIEXP]7SQI7XEXIWWYGLEW2MKIVME+VIREHE &IPKMYQ7IVFMEERH.ETERWTIGMJMGEPP]QIRXMSRIHXLI2+3WTVIWIRXERHXLI[SVOXLI]HS[LMPISXLIVWWYGLEW'SPSQFMEERH %VKIRXMREETTIEVIHXSFIWYVTVMWIHXSWIIREXMSREP2+3WEXXLMWMRXIVREXMSREPQIIXMRK(YIXSXLIMVPMQMXIHLYQERERHJMRERGMEP

1 The !rst examination of implementation of the Optional Protocols is particularly important because only then does the Committee do an in- depth and detailed review.

INTERNATIONAL SERVICE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 35 INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTS

VIWSYVGIWXSMQTPIQIRXXLI'6'XLIHIPIKEXMSRWSJ+VIREHE +IRIVEPQIEWYVIWSJMQTPIQIRXEXMSR and Nigeria noted their reliance on NGOs or the UN Chil 8LI GLEPPIRKI SJ XVERWPEXMRK XLI '6' ERH MXW 3TXMSREP 4VS HVIR´W*YRH 92-')* XSTVSZMHIWIVZMGIWXSGLMPHVIR XSGSPWMRXSREXMSREPPIKMWPEXMSRTSPMGMIWERHTVSKVEQQIW[EW discussed at length. In some cases, the CRC was considered %WXLITVIWIWWMSRXEOIWTPEGIXLVIIQSRXLWFIJSVIXLIVIPI XS FI E³ZMWMSR JSV GLMPHVIR´WVMKLXW´ JSV XLI PIKMWPEXMZI JVEQI ZERXWIWWMSRQSWX2+3WWIRHPEVKIVHIPIKEXMSRWXSXLITVI [SVOVEXLIVXLEREPIKEPMRWXVYQIRX .ETER 3XLIVGSYRXVMIW session, where they are the Committee’s main interlocutors WYGLEW%VKIRXMREERH2MKIVMELEHHIZIPSTIHGSQTVILIRWMZI JSVXLITVITEVEXMSRSJYTGSQMRK7XEXII\EQMREXMSRW2EXMSREP GLMPHVIR´WGSHIW SV PIKMWPEXMSR8LI 'SQQMXXII [EW TEVXMGY 2+3WJVSQ&YVYRHM&SWRMEERH,IV^IKSZMRE1I\MGS1SRXI PEVP]GSRGIVRIHF]XLIJEGXXLEXWSQIJIHIVEXI7XEXIWLEHRSX RIKVS2MGEVEKYE7TEMR7VM0EROE7YHERERH9OVEMRIEXXIRHIH EHSTXIHWTIGMJMGGLMPHVMKLXWPIKMWPEXMSR[LMGLPIHXSHMJJIVIRX the 55th TVIWIWWMSR28LIVI [IVI RS 2+3W JVSQ%RKSPEEW WXERHEVHWERHPIZIPWSJMQTPIQIRXEXMSRXLVSYKLSYXXLIGSYRXV] XLI]TVIJIVVIHRSXXSIRKEKIMRXLIVITSVXMRKTVSGIWW 8LIJIHIVEPSVGSQQYRMX]WXVYGXYVIW[IVIHMWGYWWIHEXPIRKXL in relation to Argentina, Belgium and Nigeria, as the delegations How to participate in the CRC reporting process WXVYKKPIHXSTVSZMHIGPIEVERW[IVWSRXLILEVQSRMWEXMSRSJPIK MWPEXMSRGSSVHMREXMSRERHTVSZMWMSRSJJMRERGMEPVIWSYVGIW The NGO Group for the CRC facilitates the effective participation of national and international NGOs in the reporting process of the %GSQQSRTVSFPIQJSVQSWXSJXLI7XEXIWMRMQTPIQIRXMRK CRC and its Optional Protocols. If you would like to find out more the CRC was coordination. Belgium had a coordinating body, about the process, please contact the NGO Group secretariat at: FYX MX [EW GLEPPIRKMRK XS GSSVHMREXI XLI HMJJIVIRX GSQQYRM [email protected]. ties. Meanwhile, in most other States, children’s issues were We are currently looking for information on Cuba and Lao PDR for HMWTIVWIHEQSRKWXHMJJIVIRXQMRMWXVMIWSVFYVMIHMRERYRHIV the October pre-session. If your organisation works in either of VIWSYVGIHQMRMWXV]WYGLEWXLI1MRMWXV]SJ;SQIR´W%JJEMVWMR these countries and is willing to prepare an alternative report on 2MKIVME8LMW PIH XS WGEXXIVIH FYHKIXW JSV GLMPHVIR ERH [IEO the CRC, please write to [email protected]. HEXEGSPPIGXMSR[LMGLQEHIMXHMJJMGYPXXSEWWIWWXLIMQTPIQIR XEXMSRSJXLI'6' COMPOSITION AND PERFORMANCE OF STATE DELEGATIONS ;LIRMXGEQIXSXLI3TXMSREP4VSXSGSPWIWTIGMEPP]XLI347' XLIVILEHFIIRPMQMXIHIJJSVXWXSMRGSVTSVEXIXLIQMRXSREXMSR ;MXLXLII\GITXMSRSJ+VIREHE[LMGLWIRXEX[STIVWSRHIP EP PIKMWPEXMSR(YI XS XLI QMWMRXIVTVIXEXMSR SJ XLI XIVQ³WEPI´ egation, States sent large, senior and varied delegations (e.g. [LMGL [EW GSRJYWIH [MXL³XVEJJMGOMRK´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´W'LMPH6MKLXW%GX MWXV]SJ(IJIRGIXSHMWGYWWXLI34%'7SQIHIPIKEXMSRWEPWS HIJMRIHEGLMPHEWETIVWSRYRHIVWSQISJMXWJIHIV MRGPYHIH³VIWSYVGI TIVWSRW´ [LS EVI RSR7XEXI VITVIWIRXE EXIWXEXIWLEHYWIHXLIEKISJXSHIJMRIEGLMPH8LIVI[IVI XMZI %VKIRXMRE ERH 2MKIVME ERH E GLMPH VITVIWIRXEXMZI JVSQ EPWSQER]HMWGVITERGMIWMRXLIEKISJWI\YEPGSRWIRX ]IEVW the Children’s Parliament (Nigeria). The Colombian delegation SPHMR.ETER QEVVMEKIJSVKMVPWERHFS]WGVMQMREPVIWTSRWMFMPMX] manoeuvred though questions on child soldiers with consider WIZIR]IEVWSPHMR+VIREHE ERHEKISJZSPYRXEV]VIGVYMXQIRX EFPIIEWI;LMPIEHQMXXMRKXLEXXLIHMWEVQEQIRXTVSGIWW[EW XSXLIEVQIHJSVGIW RSXTIVJIGXMXEWOIHXLI'SQQMXXIIXSHIQERHXLEXEVQIH KVSYTWWXSTYWMRKGLMPHVIRMREVQIHGSRJPMGX1IER[LMPIXLI 8LIMWWYISJHIJMRMXMSR[EWRSXLIPTIHF]XLIPEGOSJJVIIYRM HIPIKEXMSRWJVSQ%VKIRXMRE7IVFMEERH8YRMWMESJXIRSRP]TVS versal birth registration in certain countries. For instance, in vided general answers to the more sensitive issues. Grenada birth registration was related to religious rituals such EWFETXMWQ-JTEVIRXW[IVIRSXSJXLIHSQMRERXVIPMKMSRSVRSR THEMES TVEGXMGMRKGLMPHVIRGSYPHKSYRVIKMWXIVIH8LIMWWYISJYRVIK MWXIVIHGLMPHVIR[EWSJIZIRKVIEXIVGSRGIVR[LIRXLIHIEXL To cover the issues in the three treaties, the Committee uses TIREPX]I\MWXIH 2MKIVME ERH[LIRYRHSGYQIRXIHGLMPHVIR EW]WXIQSJGPYWXIVW8LMWWIGXMSR[MPPSRP]GSZIVEJI[XLIQIW [IVIEXVMWOSJFIMRKGSRWGVMTXIHMRXSXLIEVQ] 'SPSQFME &] which were discussed.3 RSXFIMRKEFPIXSTVSZIXLIMVEKIGLMPHVIR[IVIFIMRKXVMIHSV 2 The NGO reports which have been made public can be found on treated as adults. the NGO Group and CRIN alternative report database, see www.crin. org/NGOGroupforCRC/search.asp. 3 For more detailed information, and reports on each country examined, see www.childrightsnet.org.

36 HUMAN RIGHTS MONITOR QUARTERLY | JULY 2010 COMMITTEE ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD

'MZMPERHTSPMXMGEPVMKLXWERHNYZIRMPINYWXMGI WIISYXXLIQERHEXISJ1W/LEXXEF[LMGLMWHYIXSI\TMVIMR ;LMPI7XEXIWWTSOISTIRP]ERHEXPIRKXLEFSYXGLMPHVIR´WEGGIWW February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www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/crc/elections13th.htm. Ŷ XVIEXQIRXERHXSVXYVIERHIQTLEWMWIHMXW^IVSXSPIVERGISJ torture. Meanwhile, the Committee was concerned by allega XMSRWSJXLIYR[MPPMRKRIWWSJXLITSPMGISVNYHKIWXSVIKMWXIV The NGO Group for the CRC is a global network of 77 GSQTPEMRXWSJGLMPHVIR SJLYQERVMKLXWHIJIRHIVWSVTSPMXMGEP national and international NGOs that works through its STTSRIRXW [LS[IVIMPPXVIEXIHSVXSVXYVIHMR8YRMWME Secretariat and thematic working groups to promote the monitoring and implementation of the UN Convention OTHER DEVELOPMENTS on the Rights of the Child and its two Optional Protocols. The NGO Group provides a coordinated platform for NGO General Comments and guidelines action in relation to the Committee on the Rights of the 7SQITVSKVIWW[EWQEHIMRHIZIPSTMRKXLIRI[KIRIVEPGSQ Child and plays a central role in key child rights develop- QIRXWERHXVIEX]WTIGMJMGKYMHIPMRIW8LI'SQQMXXIIVIZMI[IH ments at the international level. E HVEJX SJ XLI KYMHIPMRIW JSV XLI '6' ERH MXW 3TXMSREP Protocols. For more information about the NGO Group for the CRC and its activities: www.childrightsnet.org. %XLMVHHVEJXSJXLIKIRIVEPGSQQIRXSRXLIEFYWIERHRIKPIGX SJ GLMPHVIR %VXMGPI [LMGL [EW XLI MRMXMEXMZI SJ E KVSYT SJ2+3W[MPPFIHMWGYWWIHF]XLI'SQQMXXIIMRMXWth ses Facts about the Committee WMSRMR7ITXIQFIV8LI'SQQMXXIIMWEPWS[SVOMRKSRE +IRIVEP'SQQIRXSRXLIFIWXMRXIVIWXSJXLIGLMPH %VXMGPI Number of 18 8LI 'SQQMXXII´W MRXIVTVIXEXMSR SJ XLMW EVXMGPI MW ERXMGMTEXIH members: EW MX SJXIR ETTIEVW XS FI QMWYRHIVWXSSH SV QMWYWIH 4YFPMG Treaties it Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), EYXLSVMXMIW JEQMPMIW ERH TVSJIWWMSREPW [SVOMRK [MXL GLMPHVIR covers: Optional Protocol on the Sale of Children, Child [LMPI SJXIR [IPPMRXIRXMSRIHLEZI YWIH XLI EVKYQIRX SJ XLI Prostitution and Child Pornography (OPSC) FIWXMRXIVIWXWSJXLIGLMPHMR[E]WXLEXGSRXVEZIRISXLIVVMKLXW and Optional Protocol on the Involvement of under the Convention. In addition, the Committee together Children in Armed Conflict (OPAC) [MXL')(%;LEZIFIIRHVEJXMRKENSMRX+IRIVEP'SQQIRXSR LEVQJYPXVEHMXMSREPTVEGXMGIW Total number 462: CRC 193, OPAC 132, OPSC 137 of ratifications: (E]SJKIRIVEPHMWGYWWMSR NGO With a three-hour pre-session per country, %WXLI'SQQMXXIIMWXEOMRKEHZERXEKISJXLIX[SGLEQFIVWXS participation: the Committee has one of the best models I\EQMRIEWQER]VITSVXWEWTSWWMFPIMX[MPPRSXFILSPHMRKMXW for NGO involvement in the reporting YWYEPHE]SJKIRIVEPHMWGYWWMSRMR7ITXIQFIV8LI'SQQMXXII process [MPPHIGMHIEFSYXXLIHE]SJKIRIVEPHMWGYWWMSRHYVMRKMXW 55th session. General 12 adopted and 3 under development 'LERKIWMRXLI'SQQMXXII´WGSQTSWMXMSR Comments: ERHYTGSQMRKIPIGXMSRW

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INTERNATIONAL SERVICE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTS

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1 For a list of participants see: http://bit.ly/c3cdZ0. 2 For more information on the ICM see www.ishr.ch/inter-committee-meetings. 3 CAT adopted the list of issues prior to reporting in 2007 and implemented it on a trial basis in 2008. Of the eleven States parties whose periodic reports were due in 2009, nine opted to use the new procedure. Of these six have already submitted their reports, and four will be reviewed in November 2010 (Bosnia Herzegovina, Cambodia, Ecuador and Turkey). 4 For more information on the process see ‘Treaty bodies’ list of issues prior to reporting’, HRI/ICM/2010/3: http://bit.ly/aueq45. 5 ‘Points of Agreement of the 11th Inter-Committee Meeting’, 1(e): http://bit.ly/c3C8G8. 6 At the 99th meeting of the HRC, the written replies of Colombia were not translated by the UN, and the State party provided its own translations.

38 HUMAN RIGHTS MONITOR QUARTERLY | JULY 2010 -28)6'311-88))1))8-2+

SJ4IVWSRW[MXL(MWEFMPMXMIW '64( EPWSHVI[EXXIRXMSRXS 8LIHMEPSKYIVIZIEPIH[MHIWTVIEHWYTTSVXJSV'%8´WSTXMSR XLIRIIHJSVHSGYQIRXWXSFIXVERWPEXIHXSQIIXXLIRIIHW EPVITSVXMRKTVSGIHYVI*MRPERHWXEXIHXLEXMXLEHWYFQMXXIH SJHMWEFPIHTIVWSRWWYGLEWFVEMPPIJSVXLIFPMRH MXW VITSVX XS '%8YRHIV XLI RI[ TVSGIHYVI ERH XLI MRM XMEP I\TIVMIRGI LEH FIIR TSWMXMZI JEGMPMXEXMRK REXMSREP HME 0IRKXL] HMWGYWWMSRW EFSYX ETTP]MRK TEKI PMQMXW XS 7XEXI PSKYIERHIREFPMRKQSVIJSGYWIH[SVO,S[IZIV4EOMWXER VITSVXWHVI[EXXIRXMSRXSXLI-'1´WPEGOSJMRWXMXYXMSREP I\TVIWWIHGSRGIVRXLEXMXMWTVIQEXYVIXSIZEPYEXIXLIIJJIG QIQSV]%JXIVI\LEYWXMZIHIPMFIVEXMSRWWTERRMRKERIRXMVI XMZIRIWWSJXLIRI[STXMSREPVITSVXMRKTVSGIHYVIERH7[MX EJXIVRSSR EFSYX [LIXLIV TEKI PMQMXW [IVI ETTVSTVMEXI ^IVPERHVIUYIWXIHQSVIWYFWXERXMZIVIJPIGXMSRFIJSVISXLIV TEVXMGYPEVP]JSVGSQTPI\MWWYIW1W+EIVUYIVMIH[LIXLIV GSQQMXXIIWEHSTXXLIRI[TVSGIHYVI8LIVI[EWWYTTSVX XLI-'1LEHRSXLEHXLMWHMWGYWWMSRJMZI]IEVWEKS-RJEGX JSVNSMRXKIRIVEPGSQQIRXWJVSQXLIXVIEX]FSHMIW13 cou at its 5th meeting the ICM had agreed harmonised guide TPIH[MXLEGSRGIVRXLEXWYGLGSQQIRXWQMKLXGEYWIGSR PMRIWJSVVITSVXMRKMRGPYHMRKEPMQMXSJTEKIWJSV7XEXI JYWMSRJSV7XEXIWRSXWMKRIHYTXSEPPXLIGSRZIRXMSRWXS VITSVXW-RXLIMVTSMRXWSJEKVIIQIRXXLI-'1VIJIVIRGIH [LMGLXLIGSQQIRXETTPMIW 97% 8LIXVIEX]FSHMIW[IVI XLMW VITSVXGEPPMRK SR 7XEXIW XS GSQTP] [MXL XLSWI KYMHI also encouraged to engage more with the UPR (Chile) and lines.8%WEVIWYPXSJPEGOSJXMQIXLIQSVIHMJJMGYPXMWWYISJ XSGSRWYPX946VIGSQQIRHEXMSRW[LIRHVE[MRKYTPMWXWSJ LS[XSIRWYVI7XEXIGSQTPMERGI[EWFEVIP]HMWGYWWIH,S[ MWWYIW .ETER SVGSRGPYHMRKSFWIVZEXMSRW %YWXVME'EREHE IZIV[LMPIVIGSKRMWMRKXLIVMWOMRHIPE]MRKXLIVITSVXMRK 8LMWPEWXTSMRX[EWGSYRXIVIHF]VIWIVZEXMSRWJVSQ7SYXL TVSGIWWIZIRJYVXLIVGSQQMXXIIQIQFIVWVIGSQQIRHIH %JVMGEXLEXGPSWIVEWWSGMEXMSRFIX[IIRXLI,YQER6MKLXW XLEX7XEXITEVXMIW[LSWIVITSVXWHMHRSXQIIXXLIWIKYMHI 'SYRGMPERHXLIXVIEX]FSHMIW[SYPHGSQTVSQMWIXLIRSR PMRIWWLSYPHFIEWOIHXSVIWYFQMXEWLSVXIRIHZIVWMSR9 TSPMXMGMWIHREXYVISJXLIXVIEX]FSHMIWERHJVSQ4EOMWXER XLEXKMZIRXLIVIPEXMZIRI[RIWWSJXLI946MX[EWTVIQEXYVI Other issues XSPMROXLIX[STVSGIWWIW 8LIUYIWXMSRSJGVSWWVIJIVIRGMRKXLIHIGMWMSRWSJSXLIV XVIEX] FSHMIW [EW ERSXLIV VIGYVVMRK HMWGYWWMSR%X TVIZM NGO INVOLVEMENT SYW-'1WQIQFIVWLEHEKVIIHXSWXVMZIXSGVSWWVIJIVIRGI %W EKVIIH EX XLI -'1 MR (IGIQFIV 2+3W [IVI TIV [LIVIETTVSTVMEXI,S[IZIVRSXEPPGSQQMXXIIWHSXLMWERH QMXXIHXSWTIEOYRHIVIEGLEKIRHEMXIQI\GITXJSVXLIHME WSQIQIQFIVWI\TVIWWIHGSRGIVRXLEXXLMWYRHIVQMRIH PSKYI[MXL7XEXIWEPXLSYKLXLIJMREPEHSTXMSRSJXLITSMRXW XLIMRXIKVMX]SJXLIXVIEX]FSH]W]WXIQ8LMWHMWGYWWMSREPWS SJEKVIIQIRX[EWGLERKIHMRXSEGPSWIHQIIXMRK*I[2+3W LMKLPMKLXIHXLI-'1´WPEGOSJHIGMWMSRQEOMRKTS[IV[MXL XSSOEHZERXEKISJXLISTTSVXYRMX]XSMRXIVZIRIJSYVWTIEOMRK TSMRXWSJEKVIIQIRXQEVOMRKXLIWXEVXSJJYVXLIVHMWGYWWMSRW SRXLIJMVWXHE]ERHX[SSRXLIWIGSRHHE]-RVIWTSRWIXSE within the individual treaty bodies. WYKKIWXMSRJVSQ2+3WXLEXEQEWXIVGEPIRHEVSJXVIEX]FSH] deadlines should be made available to NGOs, Ms Lee noted 8LI JEMPYVI SJ XLI +IRIVEP%WWIQFP]10 XS XEOI RSXI SJ that this was the third year that this issue had been raised. The CESCR’s General Comment 2011[EWLIPHXSVIJPIGXRIKE -'1VIMXIVEXIHMXWIEVPMIVVIGSQQIRHEXMSRWSRXLMWTSMRX14 XMZIP]SRXLIMRXIKVMX]SJXLIXVIEX]FSHMIW8LMWGSRGIVR[EW VIJPIGXIHMRXLI-'1´WTSMRXWSJEKVIIQIRX12 3RITSWMXMZITSMRX[EWXLIVIGSKRMXMSRF]XLI-'1SJXLIVSPI DIALOGUE WITH STATE PARTIES TPE]IHF]GMZMPWSGMIX]MRXLITVITEVEXMSRSJPMWXWSJMWWYIWTVMSV XSVITSVXMRK153XLIVTSMRXWSJHMWGYWWMSRMRGPYHIHXLIHIWMV 8LIHMEPSKYI[MXL7XEXIW[EWVIWXVMGXIHEWEVIWYPXSJ'SQ EFMPMX]SJQSZMRKE[E]JVSQXLIRIKEXMZIXIVQMRSPSK]SJ³WLEH QMXXII'LEMVWXEOMRKYTJEVQSVIXLERXLIMVEPPSXXIHX[S S[VITSVXW´MRTVIJIVIRGIJSV³GMZMPWSGMIX]´SV³TEVEPPIP´VITSVXW QMRYXIWXSMRXVSHYGIXLI[SVOSJXLIMVVIWTIGXMZIXVIEX] [LIRVIJIVVMRKXS2+3VITSVXW 1V+VSWWQER'%8ERH1V FSH]'SRWIUYIRXP]7XEXIWLEHNYWXSZIVSRISJXLIX[S Al Tarawneh CRPD).16 1V )P&SVEMQIQFIV SJ XLI 'SQQMX WGLIHYPIHLSYVWXSQEOIXLIMVMRXIVZIRXMSRW7SQI7XEXIW XIISR1MKVERX;SVOIVW '1; VEMWIHXLITSWWMFMPMX]SJLSPH I\TVIWWIHHMWQE]XLEXXLI][IVIRSXKMZIRXMQIXSQEOIE MRK JYXYVI -'1 QIIXMRKW MR HIZIPSTMRK GSYRXVMIWEW E QIERW JYPPWXEXIQIRX %PKIVME7SYXL%JVMGE 8LIPEGOSJEREKIRHE XSMRGVIEWIE[EVIRIWWSJXLIXVIEX]FSHMIWMRXLIWIGSYRXVMIW VIWYPXIHMR7XEXIWVEMWMRKE[MHIZEVMIX]SJMWWYIW ERHXSJEGMPMXEXIREXMSREPGMZMPWSGMIX]MRZSPZIQIRX8LMW[EWRSX LS[IZIVMRGPYHIHMRXLITSMRXWSJEKVIIQIRXŶ 7 Compilation of Reporting Guidelines including the guidelines on common core document and treaty speci!c reports, HRI/GEN.2/ Rev.6, paragraph 19: http://bit.ly/aBbACN . 8 ‘Points of Agreement of the 11th Inter-Committee Meeting’, 1(m): http://bit.ly/c3C8G8. 13 Brazil, Egypt, Finland, Switzerland. The point was made in reference 9 ‘Points of Agreement of the 11th Inter-Committee Meeting’, 1(n): to the joint general comment being drafted by CRC and CEDAW. http://bit.ly/c3C8G8. 14 ‘Points of Agreement of the 11th Inter-Committee Meeting’, 1(k): 10 General Assembly resolution A/RES/64/152 adopted on 18 December 2009. http://bit.ly/c3C8G8. 11 CESCR General Comment 20 on non-discrimination in economic 15 ‘Points of Agreement of the 11th Inter-Committee Meeting’, 1(f): social and cultural rights http://bit.ly/9W4Sbq. http://bit.ly/c3C8G8 12 ‘Points of Agreement of the 11th Inter-Committee Meeting’, 1(k): 16 ‘Points of Agreement of the 11th Inter-Committee Meeting’, 1(r): http://bit.ly/c3C8G8. http://bit.ly/c3C8G8.

INTERNATIONAL SERVICE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 39 REGIONAL DEVELOPMENTS

AFRICAN COMMISSION ON HUMAN AND PEOPLES’ RIGHTS 41

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AFRICAN COMMISSION ON HUMAN AND PEOPLES’ RIGHTS thSVHMREV]WIWWMSRERHXLITVIGIHMRK2+3*SVYQ

Commissioner Soyata Maiga, ACHPR Special Rapporteur on Women’s Rights in Africa.

LIXLVIIHE]2+3*SVYQTVSZMHIWERSTTSVXYRMX]JSVEREP]WMWSJOI]LYQERVMKLXWMWWYIWEGVSWWXLI%JVMGERGSRXMRIRX-X TTVSZMHIWWTEGIJSVGMZMPWSGMIX]XSVIJPIGXYTSRLS[XSQE\MQMWIMXWMRJPYIRGISRKSZIVRQIRXEPERHMRXIVKSZIVRQIRXEPTVS GIWWIWMRGPYHMRKEXXLI%JVMGER'SQQMWWMSRSR,YQERERH4ISTPIW´6MKLXW %',46 -XEMQWXSLMKLPMKLXXLIRIIHJSVXLITVS XIGXMSRSJLYQERVMKLXWHIJIRHIVWERHXSTVIWWJSV7XEXIMQTPIQIRXEXMSRSJVIPIZERXLYQERVMKLXWSFPMKEXMSRW8LIthWIWWMSRSJ XLI%',46I\TSWIHWSQIGSRXMRYMRKGLEPPIRKIWXSTEVXMGMTEXMSRSJRSRKSZIVRQIRXEPSVKERMWEXMSRW 2+3W ,S[IZIV2+3W [IVIEFPIXSQEOIIJJIGXMZIGSRXVMFYXMSRWXLEXMRJPYIRGIHOI]%',46HIFEXIWERHVIWSPYXMSRW1

,SWXIHF]XLI%JVMGER'IRXVIJSV(IQSGVEG]ERH,YQER6MKLXW7XYHMIWXLI2+3*SVYQLIPHJVSQXS1E]MR&ERNYPXLI +EQFME[EW[IPPEXXIRHIH[MXLQSVIXLERVITVIWIRXEXMZIWJVSQ%JVMGERGSYRXVMIWERHTEVXMGMTERXWJVSQ)YVSTIXLI 9RMXIH7XEXIWERH0EXMR%QIVMGE8LMWVIJPIGXIHXLIKIRIVEPKVS[XLMRXLIRYQFIVSJTEVXMGMTERXWSZIVXLIPEWX]IEVW8LI*SVYQ EPWSMRGPYHIHVITVIWIRXEXMSRJVSQREXMSREPLYQERVMKLXWMRWXMXYXMSRW 2,6-W ERHWIZIVEP%',46'SQQMWWMSRIVW[LSTEVXMGM TEXIHMRXLIQEXMG[SVOMRKKVSYTW

NGO PARTICIPATION

)RWYVMRKXLIZSMGISJ2+3WMWGEVVMIHJVSQXLI*SVYQERHIPWI[LIVIXSXLIIEVSJXLI%',46GSRXMRYIWXSFIEGLEPPIRKI *SVXLIXLMVHWIWWMSRVYRRMRKXLI%',46JEMPIHXSKVERXSFWIVZIVWXEXYWXSXLI'SEPMXMSRSJ%JVMGER0IWFMERW '%0 8LMWHIWTMXI ERYRIUYMZSGEPGEPPJVSQXLI2+3*SVYQJSVEGGVIHMXEXMSRSJ2+3WVITVIWIRXMRKEPPLYQERVMKLXWWXVYKKPIW8LIKVERXMRKSJ SFWIVZIVWXEXYWMWXLIJMVWXWXITJSVEGXMZI2+3TEVXMGMTEXMSREXXLI%',462+3WWIIOMRKWYGLWXEXYWQYWXLEZISFNIGXMZIWERH EGXMZMXMIWMRPMRI[MXLXLIJYRHEQIRXEPTVMRGMTPIWERHSFNIGXMZIWSJXLIAfrican Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights.27YGLTVMRGMTPIW ERHSFNIGXMZIWMRGPYHIXLITVSQSXMSRSJKIRHIVIUYEPMX]VIWTIGXJSVLYQERVMKLXWERHXLITVSQSXMSRSJWSGMEPNYWXMGI

(YVMRKMXWWIWWMSRXLI%',46JSGYWIHSRQER]SJXLIGLEPPIRKIWJEGIHF]PIWFMERKE]FMWI\YEPXVERWKIRHIVERHMRXIVWI\TISTPI ERHXLSWI[LSHIJIRHXLIMVVMKLXWEGVSWWXLIGSRXMRIRX8LI%',46LEWFIIRHIZIPSTMRKEHVEJXTETIVSRWI\YEPSVMIRXEXMSR XSKYMHIMXSRXLIWIMWWYIW,S[IZIVSRGIEKEMRMXJEMPIHXSJMREPMWIERHEHSTXXLIHVEJXTETIV8LI'SQQMWWMSRQE]HS[IPPXS OIITMRQMRHXLEXLEZMRKSVKERMWEXMSRWWYGLEW'%0EGGVIHMXIHQMKLXFISJEWWMWXERGIXSMXEWMXGSRWMHIVWLS[XSGLEPPIRKIEPP HMWGVMQMREXMSRFEWIHSRWI\YEPSVMIRXEXMSRERHKIRHIVMHIRXMX]3 This would also be in line with the ACHPR regarding observers IRKEKMRKMRVIKYPEVGSRWYPXEXMSRW[MXLXLI'SQQMWWMSRSREPPQEXXIVWSJGSQQSRMRXIVIWX

1 For analytical reports on the sessions of the African Commission and further information on the NGO Forum see: http://bit.ly/cIBMsU. Information on the ACHPR is available in French at www.ishr.ch/section-francophone. 2 Resolution on the criteria for granting and enjoying observer status to non-governmental organisations working in the !eld of human rights with the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights, available at http://bit.ly/9VausB. 3 Resolution on the cooperation between the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights and NGOs having observer status with the Com- mission. Chapter III includes ‘Organisations enjoying observer status shall undertake to establish close relations of co-operation with the African Commission and to engage in regular consultations with it on all matters of common interest’.

INTERNATIONAL SERVICE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 41 REGIONAL DEVELOPMENTS

(IWTMXIGSRXMRYMRKGLEPPIRKIWXSIJJIGXMZI2+3TEVXMGMTEXMSR XSEHSTXPIKMWPEXMSRXLEXTVSQSXIWERHTVSXIGXWXLIVMKLXW MRXLI%',46´W[SVOXLIMQTEGXSJ2+3GSRXVMFYXMSRWMWIZM XSJVIIHSQSJI\TVIWWMSRERHEGGIWWXSMRJSVQEXMSR HIRX³;MXLSYXEPXIVREXMZIVITSVXWSVMRJSVQEXMSRTVIWIRXIHF] 2+3WEPEVKIRYQFIVSJUYIWXMSRW[SYPHRSXFII\EQMRIH´ 8LI 2+3 *SVYQ VIWSPYXMSR SR JVIIHSQ SJ I\TVIWWMSR WXEXIH'SQQMWWMSRIV1EMKE%',467TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYVSR VEMWIWGSRGIVREFSYXXLII\TIVMIRGISJNSYVREPMWXWERHSJ ;SQIR´W6MKLXWMR%JVMGE7IZIVEP%',46'SQQMWWMSRIVWLEZI VIWXVMGXMSRWSRJVIIHSQSJXLITVIWWMR'EQIVSSR)VMXVIE EPWSEGORS[PIHKIHXLIMQTSVXERGISJ2+3GSRXVMFYXMSRWJSV Somalia, Tunisia, Uganda, and Zimbabwe. It calls on States XLII\EQMREXMSRSJ6[ERHE´W7XEXIVITSVX ³©XS FVMRK XS ER IRH XLI JIEV SJ NSYVREPMWXW XS FI OMPPIH XSVXYVIHMRNYVIHOMHRETTIHERHFIMRKLIPHLSWXEKIIWTI 2+3*SVYQVIWSPYXMSRWXSXLI%',46EVISRI[E]SJGSQ GMEPP]MRGSRJPMGXEVIEW´8LMWGEPPVIGSKRMWIWXLIJEGXXLEXXLI QYRMGEXMRKXLIQSWXTVIWWMRKGSRGIVRWSJTEVXMGMTERXWXSXLI IWWIRXMEPVSPISJLYQERVMKLXWHIJIRHIVWMRTVIWWMRKJSVXLI 'SQQMWWMSRIVW[MXLXLIEMQSJMRJSVQMRKXLIGSRXIRXSJVIWS VIWTIGXSJMRXIVREXMSREPWXERHEVHWEXHSQIWXMGPIZIPHITIRHW PYXMSRWXLI%',46MXWIPJETTVSZIW%WI\TVIWWIHMRXLIWXEXI YTSRXLIMVEFMPMX]XSSTIVEXI[MXLSYXLMRHVERGI QIRXEXXLISTIRMRKSJXLI%',46WIWWMSR³8LIMRXIRXMSRSJ naming is not to shame but a call to action in order to address 6IWSPYXMSRSRIPIGXMSRWMR%JVMGE TSXIRXMEPP]HIXIVMSVEXMRKSFWIVZERGISJLYQERVMKLXW´4 8LI%',46VIWSPYXMSRSRIPIGXMSRWMR%JVMGEVIZIEPIH some shared concerns with the NGO Forum, which also EHSTXIHVIGSQQIRHEXMSRWSRXLMWXSTMG Both the ACHPR Ongoing challenges for NGOs ERHXLI2+3*SVYQVIMXIVEXIHXLIRIIHJSV7XEXIWXSVEXM J]XLIAfrican Charter on Democracy, Elections and Governance Sustaining NGO presence throughout the ACHPR sessions is a ERHIRWYVIMXWMQTPIQIRXEXMSR[MXLSYXHIPE] challenge, particularly for those with limited financial or human resources. After the third day of the ACHPR session, for example, 8LIVIWSPYXMSRRSXIHXLIVIGYVVIRXREXYVISJIPIGXMSRVIPEX only a few NGOs were still present to take part in the examination IHZMSPIRGIERHSXLIVLYQERVMKLXWZMSPEXMSRWMR%JVMGE*YV of State reports and intervene during the presentation of special XLIVQSVIMXGEPPIHSR7XEXIWXSIRWYVIXLITVSXIGXMSRJVSQ procedures’ thematic reports. Given the key role played by civil MRXMQMHEXMSR ERH SXLIV LYQER VMKLXW EFYWIW SJ NSYVREPMWXW society actors in ACHPR deliberations, as acknowledged by Com- LYQER VMKLXW HIJIRHIVWIPIGXMSR SFWIVZIVW ERH QSRMXSVW missioners, maximising NGO participation is critical. FIJSVIHYVMRKERHEJXIVXLIIPIGXMSRW'SRGIVREFSYXXLI TVSXIGXMSRSJLYQERVMKLXWHIJIRHIVW[EWEPWSI\TVIWWIHMR The NGO Forum has urged the ACHPR to ensure that it is ‘disability VIWSPYXMSRWIQIVKMRKJVSQXLI2+3*SVYQERHMR2+3 friendly’ including through the provision of Braille version docu- GSRXVMFYXMSRW XS XLI I\EQMREXMSR SJ 7XEXI VITSVXW8LI mentation, the use of sign language, and the improved physical LIMKLXIRIHVMWOXSLYQERVMKLXWHIJIRHIVWHYVMRKIPIGXMSR accessibility of ACHPR meeting rooms. The NGO recommendation TIVMSHWMWEPWSERMWWYILMKLPMKLXIHMRXLIPEXIWXVITSVXSJ further urges the ACHPR to consult and involve people with disabil- XLI927TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYVSRXLIWMXYEXMSRSJLYQERVMKLXW ities in its work, particularly in addressing disability rights. HIJIRHIVWXSXLI,YQER6MKLXW'SYRGMP8

KEY OUTCOMES AND DISCUSSIONS ,YQERVMKLXWHIJIRHIVW -RLMWVITSVXXSXLI%',46XLI7TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYVSR LYQERVMKLXWHIJIRHIVWMR%JVMGEMRHMGEXIHXLEXEQSRKWX 8LI%',46MWWYIHJSYVVIWSPYXMSRWEXXLIGSRGPYWMSRSJMXW XLIQER]GLEPPIRKIWLYQERVMKLXWHIJIRHIVWJEGIEGVSWWXLI session.5 GSRXMRIRXJVIIHSQSJEWWSGMEXMSRVIQEMRWSRISJXLImost TVIWWMRK%WWYGLLMWSJJMGIMWMRXLITVSGIWWSJHVE[MRKYT 2I['SQQMXXIISRTIVWSRWPMZMRK[MXL,-: XIVQWSJVIJIVIRGIJSVEWXYH]SRJVIIHSQSJEWWSGMEXMSR8LI -XIWXEFPMWLIWE'SQQMXXIISRXLI4VSXIGXMSRSJ4IVWSRW WXYH]MWFIMRKYRHIVXEOIRXSJSPPS[YTSRER%',46VIWSPY 0MZMRK[MXL,-:ERH8LSWIEX6MWOXSEHHVIWWXLEXMWWYI8LI XMSRXLEXJSYRHXLEXZMSPEXMSRWSJXLIJVIIHSQSJEWWSGMEXMSRSJ %',46LEWMRZMXIHRSQMREXMSRWSJMRHITIRHIRXI\TIVXWXS LYQERVMKLXWHIJIRHIVW³TYXHIQSGVEXMGZEPYIWEXVMWOMRSYV WIVZISRXLIGSQQMXXIIJVSQ%JVMGER9RMSR %9 QIQFIV %JVMGERWSGMIXMIW´8LI7TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYVI\TVIWWIHLMQWIPJ States, NHRIs, NGOs, and other interested individuals and GSQQMXXIH XS MRZSPZMRK LYQER VMKLXW HIJIRHIVW MR XLI HVEJX institutions by 31 August 2010.6 MRKSJXLIWXYH] *VIIHSQSJI\TVIWWMSR % [SVOWLST LIPH EX XLI 2+3 *SVYQ SVKERMWIH F] -7,6 8LI%',46EHSTXIHEVIWSPYXMSRSRXLI³(IXIVMSVEXMRK7MX LMKLPMKLXIH QER] SXLIV SFWXEGPIW XS XLI [SVO SJ LYQER YEXMSRSJ*VIIHSQSJ)\TVIWWMSRERH%GGIWWXS-RJSVQEXMSR VMKLXWHIJIRHIVWMRGPYHMRKGYQFIVWSQITVSGIHYVIWJSVXLI MR%JVMGE´%QSRKWXSXLIVXLMRKWMXYVKIWAU Member States

4 http://bit.ly/8YFgro. 7 For full texts of all the resolutions adopted by the NGO Forum, see 5 For full texts of all ACHPR resolutions, see http://bit.ly/duxUEG. http://bit.ly/bI82Ep. 6 http://bit.ly/9lmuCD. 8 A/HRC/13/2, available at http://bit.ly/cJaEqy.

42 HUMAN RIGHTS MONITOR QUARTERLY | JULY 2010 %*6-'%2'311-77-3232,91%2%2(4)340)7 6-+,87

VIKMWXVEXMSRSJEWWSGMEXMSRWERHPIKEPSFPMKEXMSRWSRXLIQIHME 8LI%',46EPWSEHSTXIHEVIWSPYXMSRSR³XLI4VSXIGXMSRERH XS VIZIEP XLIMV WSYVGIW2+3GSYRXV]VIWSPYXMSRWMRTEVXMGY 4VIZIRXMSRSJ;SQIRERH'LMPH8VEJJMGOMRKERH7I\YEP)\TPSM PEVSRIJSGYWMRKSR)XLMSTMEYRHIVPMRIHXLIHMJJMGYPXMIWJEGIHF] XEXMSRMR7SYXL%JVMGE(YVMRKXLI;SVPH'YT´ LYQERVMKLXWHIJIRHIVWMRGEVV]MRKSYXXLIMV[SVO(IWTMXIXLI MRXIVREXMSREPPIKEPJVEQI[SVOERHXLIVIKMSREPQIGLERMWQWTYX Regional meeting on women human rights MRTPEGIXSQSRMXSVXLIMQTPIQIRXEXMSRSJXLIWIWXERHEVHWXLI defenders in Africa VMWOWJEGIHF]LYQERVMKLXWHIJIRHIVWMRGEVV]MRKSYXXLIMV[SVO continue to be high. The need to highlight and address the particular challenges faced by women human rights defenders to ensure their protection was Women’s human rights the spur for the international campaign on women human rights 8LI ERRMZIVWEVMIW SJ X[S OI] MRXIVREXMSREP MRWXVYQIRXW ¯ 92 defenders launched in 2005. The campaign brought together activ- Security Council Resolution 1325, and the Convention on the Elim- ists from human rights organisations, women’s groups, and those ination of all form of Discrimination against Women ')(%; working with a particular focus on the human rights of lesbian, gay, TVSQTXIH XLI 2+3 *SVYQ ERH%',46 XS VIJPIGX YTSR XLI bisexual, transgender, and intersex persons. The centerpiece of the GSRXMRYMRKLYKIHMWGVITERG]FIX[IIRXLIWIGSQQMXQIRXWERH campaign was a consultation with women human rights defend- XLIVIEPMX]SJ[SQIR´WPMZIW9 An NGO Forum recommendation ers from across the world. This was preceded by regional consulta- GEPPIHJSVXLISVKERMWEXMSRSJEVIKMSREPJSVYQSRXLIMQTPIQIR tions, including one held in Dakar, to support the engagement of XEXMSRSJResolution 1325.10 Additionally, the Protocol to the African African women human rights defenders in the campaign. A further Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Afri- regional consultation, organised by ISHR, will be held from 3 to 5 ca[EWXLIJSGYWSJQYGLEXXIRXMSR118LIMQTSVXERGISJYRMZIV November 2010. With the presence of the UN Special Rapporteur WEPVEXMJMGEXMSRSJXLI4VSXSGSPEWEQIERWSJKMZMRKZMXEPQSQIR on human rights defenders and other international and region- XYQXSIJJSVXWXS[EVHWKIRHIVIUYEPMX]ERHXSKMZIWYFWXERGIXS al mechanisms, this consultation will provide the opportunity for XLI%9´WYTGSQMRK%JVMGER;SQIR´W(IGEHI[EWRSXIHF]XLI women human rights defenders from across the continent to share NGO Forum in its statement to the ACHPR. Aimed at targeting experiences and analyses and to draw up joint advocacy and cam- WTIGMJMGTVSFPIQWERHGLEPPIRKIWJEGIHF][SQIRMR%JVMGEERH paign strategies. For more information about the campaign, see: to eradicate systemic and systematic discrimination, the Proto www.defendingwomen-defendingrights.org. GSP MRGPYHIW EVXMGPIW YRHIVPMRMRK 7XEXI VIWTSRWMFMPMX] XS IRWYVI IUYEPMX]FIX[IIR[SQIRERHQIREX³EPPPIZIPWSJHIZIPSTQIRX ERH MQTPIQIRXEXMSR SJ 7XEXIW´ TSPMGMIW ERH HIZIPSTQIRX TVS 78%8)6)4368-2+8,)(6'%+%-2*%-07 KVEQQIW´8LI6[ERHER[SQIRSJXLI&EX[EIGLSIHXLIRIIH TO SHOW UP JSVMQTPIQIRXEXMSRSJXLMWEVXMGPIMRXLIMVGEPPXSXLI+SZIVRQIRX HYVMRKXLII\EQMREXMSRSJXLI7XEXIVITSVX 8LI(IQSGVEXMG6ITYFPMGSJ'SRKS (6' JSVXLIXLMVHXMQI JEMPIH XS WIRHE VITVIWIRXEXMZI XS ETTIEV FIJSVI XLI%',46 8LMW WIWWMSR WE[ XLI PEYRGLMRK SJ XLI +YMHIPMRIW JSV 7XEXI JSVXLII\EQMREXMSRSJXLI7XEXIVITSVX8LMWTVSQTXIH2+3W 6ITSVXMRK YRHIV XLI Protocol to the African Charter on Human XSTIXMXMSRXLI%',46EFSYXXLIGSRWIUYIRGIWSJXLMWPEGO and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa8LI EHST SJGSSTIVEXMSR8LI]TVIWWIHXLI%',46XSMRJSVQXLI(6' XMSRSJXLIWIKYMHIPMRIWVIJPIGXWXLIRIIHXSMQTVSZIXLIUYEP XLEXMXWVITSVX[SYPHFIGSRWMHIVIHEXXLIRI\XWIWWMSR[MXL MX] SJ 7XEXI VITSVXWMRGPYHMRK F] TVSZMHMRK HMWEKKVIKEXIH HEXE or without its attendance. This recalls the ACHPR’s own State 8LI'SQQMWWMSRIVWLEZIJVIUYIRXP]RSXIHXLEXXLMWMWPEGOMRKMR VITSVXMRKTVSGIHYVI[LMGLTVSZMHIWXLI7XEXI[MXLX[SRSXM 7XEXIVITSVXW8LI+YMHIPMRIWEPWSQEOIGPIEVVIJIVIRGIXSXLI JMGEXMSRWJSVEXXIRHERGIEJXIV[LMGLXLI'SQQMWWMSR[MPPKS RIIHJSVMRZSPZIQIRXSJGMZMPWSGMIX]MRTEVXMGYPEVMRHMZMHYEPWERH ELIEH[MXLXLII\EQMREXMSRSJXLI7XEXI´WVITSVX12 The NGOs SVKERMWEXMSRW[SVOMRKSRKIRHIVMWWYIWMRXLITVITEVEXMSRSJXLI MRWMWXIHXLEXXLI(6'YTHEXIXLI7XEXIVITSVX[MXLXLIMRTYX VITSVX8LI7TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYVSRXLIVMKLXWSJ[SQIRRSXIH SJGMZMPWSGMIX]TVMSVXSEXXIRHMRKXLIRI\XWIWWMSR8LIVIEH XLEX[SQIR´WPEGOSJORS[PIHKISJXLIMVS[RVMKLXW[EWEOI] MRIWWSJGMZMPWSGMIX]KVSYTWXSIRKEKI[MXLREXMSREPLYQER GLEPPIRKI7LIEPWSRSXIHWSQITSWMXMZIWXITWF]7XEXIWMRGPYHMRK VMKLXWMWWYIWXLVSYKLXLI%',46VITSVXMRKW]WXIQGSRXVEWXW >MQFEF[I´WVEXMJMGEXMSRSJXLI4VSXSGSPERH6[ERHE´WGSQQMX [MXLXLI7XEXI´WJEMPYVIXSHSWS-X[EWHMWETTSMRXMRKXLEXXLI QIRXXSHMWWIQMREXIXLIVIGSQQIRHEXMSRWSJXLI'SQQMXXII ACHPR’s statement on the session’s outcomes made no men SRXLI)PMQMREXMSRSJ(MWGVMQMREXMSREKEMRWX;SQIR XMSRSJXLI(6'´WJEMPYVIXSETTIEVRSVXSSOYTXLI2+3W´ recommendations.

8LI%',46EPWSGSRWMHIVIHERHEHSTXIHGSRGPYHMRKSFWIVZE XMSRWSR'EQIVSSR6[ERHE&SXW[EREERH)XLMSTME Ŷ 9 UN Security Council Resolution 1325 was adopted in 2000; CEDAW was adopted 30 years ago. 10 TREC/005/05/2010. For all NGO Forum recommendations and resolutions, see http://bit.ly/9OLOhB. 12 Information about the ACHPR State reporting procedure is available 11 http://bit.ly/drI0N0. at http://bit.ly/aXaTZT.

INTERNATIONAL SERVICE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 43 UPCOMING EVENTS

OPPORTUNITIES FOR NGO ENGAGEMENT 45 'SYRXV])\EQMREXMSRWERH6IZMI[W 45 Meetings 7TIGMEP4VSGIHYVIW´:MWMXW )PIGXMSRWERH%TTSMRXQIRXW

UPCOMING EVENTS |%9+97823:)1&)6 48

44 HUMAN RIGHTS MONITOR QUARTERLY | JULY 2010 OPPORTUNITIES FOR NGO ENGAGEMENT

OPPORTUNITIES FOR NGO ENGAGEMENT

COUNTRY EXAMINATION AND REVIEWS

*SVQSVIHIXEMPIHERHYTXSHEXIMRJSVQEXMSRTPIEWIGSRWYPXXLIVIPIZERXXVIEX]FSH]TEKIWEXLXXTFMXP]HYs.

COMMITTEE AGAINST TORTURE

;LEX´WGSQMRKYT# At its 45thWIWWMSRMR+IRIZEJVSQ1 to 19 November 2010XLI'SQQMXXIIEKEMRWX8SVXYVI[MPPGSRWMHIVXLIVITSVXWSJ &SWRMEERH,IV^IKSZMRE'EQFSHME)GYEHSV)XLMSTME1SRKSPMEERH8YVOI]4PIEWIRSXIXLEX&SWRMEERH,IV^IKSZMRE 'EQFSHME)GYEHSVERH8YVOI][MPPFIVIZMI[IHYWMRKXLIRI[PMWXSJMWWYIWTVMSVXSVITSVXMRKTVSGIHYVI%XXLMWWIWWMSR XLI'SQQMXXII[MPPEPWSEHSTXEPMWXSJMWWYIWJSVXLIrdTIVMSHMGVITSVXSJ7PSZIRME

;LEXGER]SYHS# -J]SYEVI[SVOMRKSRMWWYIWVIPEXIHXSXSVXYVIMRER]SJXLIGSYRXVMIWEFSZI]SYGERWYFQMXMRJSVQEXMSRXSXLI'SQQMXXII by 15 October 2010-RJSVQEXMSRGERFIWIRXXSXLI7IGVIXEVMEXEXNREXEJ$SLGLVSVg and VIKMWXV]$SLGLVSVg. NGOs who LEZIWYFQMXXIHMRJSVQEXMSRXSXLI'SQQMXXIISRE7XEXI4EVX]QE]QIIX[MXLXLI'SQQMXXIIXSFVMIJMXTVMSVXSXLI dialogue.

COMMITTEE ON ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS

;LEX´WGSQMRKYT# The Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights will hold its 45thWIWWMSRJVSQ1 to 19 November 2010 in Geneva. It [MPPI\EQMRIXLIVITSVXWSJXLI(SQMRMGER6ITYFPMGXLI2IXLIVPERHWERHXLI2IXLIVPERHW%RXMPPIW GSRWMHIVIHNSMRXP] 7VM 0EROE7[MX^IVPERHERH9VYKYE]-X[MPPEPWSLSPHEHE]SJKIRIVEPHMWGYWWMSRSRWI\YEPERHVITVSHYGXMZILIEPXL 8LI4VIWIWWMSREP;SVOMRK+VSYT[MPPXEOITPEGIJVSQ22 to 26 November 2010XSTVITEVIXLIPMWXWSJMWWYIWJSVXLI YTGSQMRKI\EQMREXMSRWSJ'EQIVSSR)WXSRME+IVQER]-WVEIPERH8YVOQIRMWXER

;LEXGER]SYHS# -J]SYEVI[SVOMRKSRIGSRSQMGWSGMEPERHGYPXYVEPVMKLXWMRER]SJXLIGSYRXVMIWXSFII\EQMRIHEXXLIth session MR2SZIQFIV]SYGERWYFQMXVIPIZERXMRJSVQEXMSRXSXLI7IGVIXEVMEXF] 7ITXIQFIV , to Ms Susan Matthews at WQEXXLI[W$SLGLVSVg2+3WEVIWGLIHYPIHXSFVMIJXLI'SQQMXXIIEXTQSRMonday 1 November4PIEWIMRJSVQXLI 7IGVIXEVMEXMREHZERGIMJ]SYMRXIRHXSWYFQMXMRJSVQEXMSR 4PIEWIWYFQMXMRJSVQEXMSRSRGSYRXVMIWJSVXLI4VI7IWWMSREP;SVOMRK+VSYTMR2SZIQFIVXSXLIIQEMPEHHVIWWEFSZIF] 18 October 20102+3WGEREXXIRHEQIIXMRK[MXLXLI;SVOMRK+VSYTSRXLIEJXIVRSSRSJMonday 22 November to give MRJSVQEXMSRSRXLSWIGSYRXVMIW

COMMITTEE ON THE ELIMINATION OF DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN

;LEX´WGSQMRKYT# 8LIthWIWWMSRSJXLI'SQQMXXIISRXLI)PMQMREXMSRSJ(MWGVMQMREXMSR%KEMRWX;SQIR[MPPFILIPHJVSQ4 to 22 October 2010MR+IRIZE6ITSVXWJVSQXLI&ELEQEW&YVOMRE*EWS'LEHXLI'^IGL6ITYFPMG1EPXE8YRMWMEERH9KERHE8LI 'SQQMXXII[MPPEPWSGSRWMHIVXLII\GITXMSREPVITSVXSR-RHMEHIEPMRK[MXL+YNEVEX8LI4VIWIWWMSREP;SVOMRK+VSYT TVITEVMRKJSVXLIthWIWWMSR[LIVI'SWXE6MGE(NMFSYXM)XLMSTME-XEP]2ITEPXLI6ITYFPMGSJ/SVIE7MRKETSVIERH>EQFME [MPPFIVIZMI[IH[MPPFILIPHJVSQ25 to 29 October 2010.

;LEXGER]SYHS# -J]SYEVI[SVOMRKSRHMWGVMQMREXMSREKEMRWX[SQIRMRER]SJXLIGSYRXVMIWYRHIVVIZMI[]SYGERWYFQMXMRJSVQEXMSRXSXLI 'SQQMXXIIF]7ITXIQFIVXSGIHE[$SLGLVSVg. The Committee will meet with NGOs on Monday 4 October and 1SRHE]3GXSFIVEXTQ ERH[MXL2,6-WSR1SRHE]3GXSFIVEXTQERH1SRHE]3GXSFIVEXTQ

8SWYFQMXMRJSVQEXMSRXSXLI4VIWIWWMSREP;SVOMRK+VSYTWIRHMRJSVQEXMSRXSGIHE[$SLGLVSVg by 11 October 2010. A QIIXMRK[MXL2+3WMWSVKERMWIHJSV1SRHE]3GXSFIV

INTERNATIONAL SERVICE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 45 UPCOMING OPPORTUNITIES

1SVIHIXEMPIHMRJSVQEXMSRMWEZEMPEFPISRLXXTFMXP]95KI%PXIVREXIP]-;6%;%WME4EGMJMGGERLIPT2+3WWYFQMX VITSVXWXS')(%;4PIEWIGSRXEGX-;6%;%WME4EGMJMGSRM[VE[ET$M[VE[ETSVg or M[VE[CET$]ELSSGSm.

COMMITTEE ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD

;LEX´WGSQMRKYT# From 7ITXIQFIVXS3GXSFIVXLI'SQQMXXIISRXLI6MKLXWSJXLI'LMPH[MPPLSPHMXWth session in Geneva. -X[MPPVIZMI[VITSVXWJVSQ%RKSPE&YVYRHM+YEXIQEPE1SRXIRIKVS2MGEVEKYE7TEMR7VM0EROEERHXLI7YHERYRHIV XLI'SRZIRXMSRSRXLI6MKLXWSJXLI'LMPH &SWRMEERH,IV^IKSZMRE1SRXIRIKVS2MGEVEKYEERH7MIVVE0ISRIYRHIVXLI 3TXMSREP4VSXSGSPSRXLIWEPISJGLMPHVIRGLMPHTVSWXMXYXMSRERHGLMPHTSVRSKVETL] 347' ERH&SWRMEERH,IV^IKSZMRE 1SRXIRIKVS2MGEVEKYE7MIVVE0ISRI7VM0EROEERHXLI7YHERYRHIVXLI3TXMSREP4VSXSGSPSRXLIMRZSPZIQIRXSJGLMPHVIR MREVQIHGSRJPMGX 34%'

;LEXGER]SYHS# -J]SY[SYPHPMOIXSWYFQMXMRJSVQEXMSRJSVYTGSQMRKI\EQMREXMSRW]SYGERGSRXEGXXLI2+3KVSYTSRXLI'6'JSVEHZMGI www.childrightsnet.org-RJSVQEXMSRSR2+3TEVXMGMTEXMSRGERFIJSYRHMR³%+YMHI*SV2SR+SZIVRQIRXEP3VKERM^EXMSRW 6ITSVXMRKXSXLI'SQQMXXIISR8LI6MKLXWSJXLI'LMPH´[LMGLMWEZEMPEFPIEXLXXTFMXP]F2H63.

HUMAN RIGHTS COMMITTEE

The Human Rights Committee’s 100thWIWWMSR[MPPXEOITPEGIJVSQ11 to 29 October 2010 in Geneva. It will review Belgium, )P7EPZEHSV,YRKEV].SVHERERH4SPERH8LI'SYRXV]6ITSVX8EWO*SVGI[MPPGSRWMHIVERHHVEJXPMWXWSJMWWYIWJSV&YPKEVME Guatemala, Iran, Jamaica and Kuwait (to be reviewed in 2011).

;LEX]SYGERHS# -J]SYEVI[SVOMRKSRMWWYIWVIPEXIHXSGMZMPERHTSPMXMGEPVMKLXWMRER]SJXLIWIGSYRXVMIW]SYGERWYFQMXMRJSVQEXMSRXSXLI 'SQQMXXIIJSVMXWI\EQMREXMSRWERHXSEWWMWXMXMRHVEJXMRKXLIPMWXWSJMWWYIW4PIEWIWIRHMRJSVQEXMSRXS1W2EXLEPMI4VSYZI^ RTVSYZI^$SLGLVGhSRXLIPMWXWSJMWWYIWFIJSVI31 August 2010ERHJSVXLIVIZMI[SJ7XEXIWF]7ITXIQFIV. -RJSVQEXMSRSR2+3TEVXMGMTEXMSRGERFIJSYRHMRXLI³2+3+YMHIPMRIWSRXLI6ITSVXMRK4VSGIWWSJXLI92,YQER6MKLXW 'SQQMXXII´[LMGLMWEZEMPEFPIEX[[[GGTVGIRXVISVKIRRKSKYMHIPMRIs. -J]SY[SYPHPMOIXSWYFQMXMRJSVQEXMSRJSVYTGSQMRKI\EQMREXMSRW]SYGERGSRXEGXXLI'IRXVIJSV'MZMPERH4SPMXMGEP6MKLXW on MRJS$GGTVGIRXVISVg.

UNIVERSAL PERIODIC REVIEW

;LEX´WGSQMRKYT# 8LI946;SVOMRK+VSYT´WthWIWWMSR[MPPFILIPHJVSQ2 to 13 May 2011 7IIFIPS[JSVGSYRXVMIWXSFIVIZMI[IH

;LEXGER]SYHS# -J]SY[SYPHPMOIXSWYFQMXMRJSVQEXMSRSRER]SJXLIGSYRXVMIWXSFII\EQMRIHTPIEWIJSPPS[XLIWIKYMHIPMRIW LXXTFMXP]HYs. 8LIHIEHPMRIMWTQ +IRIZEXMQI SR1 November 2010 JSVWYFQMWWMSRWSR4EPEY4ETYE2I[+YMRIE7EQSEXLI 7I]GLIPPIW7MIVVE0ISRI7MRKETSVI7SQEPMEERH7YHER ERHTQ +IRIZEXMQI SR8 November 2010JSVWYFQMWWMSRWSR &IPKMYQ(IRQEVO+VIIGI,YRKEV]0EXZME7EMRX:MRGIRXERHXLI+VIREHMRIWXLI7SPSQSR-WPERHWERH7YVMREQI =SYVWYFQMWWMSRWLSYPHFIWIRXXSYTVWYFQMWWMSRW$SLGLVSVg.

46 HUMAN RIGHTS MONITOR QUARTERLY | JULY 2010 OPPORTUNITIES FOR NGO ENGAGEMENT

MEETINGS

HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL, 15th Session

;LEX´WGSQMRKYT# The Council will hold its 15thWIWWMSRJVSQ13 to 1 October 20108LI'SYRGMP[MPPLSPHMRXIVEGXMZIHMEPSKYIW[MXLWTIGMEP TVSGIHYVIWMRGPYHMRKSRXLIWYFNIGXWSJMRHMKIRSYWTISTPIWMRXIVREXMSREPWSPMHEVMX]XS\MG[EWXIGSRXIQTSVEV]JSVQWSJ WPEZIV]EGGIWWXSWEJIHVMROMRK[EXIVERHWERMXEXMSRGLMPHVIRERHEVQIHGSRJPMGXI\XVIQITSZIVX]QIVGIREVMIWVEGMWQ 7YHER7SQEPME'EQFSHMEERH&YVYRHM8LI'SYRGMP[MPPEPWSGSRWMHIVVITSVXWSJXLI946;SVOMRK+VSYT%VQIRME &IPEVYW+VIREHE+YMRIE+YMRIE&MWWEY+Y]ERE/IR]E/MVMFEXM/Y[EMX/]VK]^WXER0ES4ISTPI´W(IQSGVEXMG6ITYFPMG 0IWSXLS7TEMR7[IHIRERH8YVOI]

;LEXGER]SYHS# -J]SY[SVO[MXLER)'373'EGGVIHMXIH2+3]SYGERWYFQMX[VMXXIRWXEXIQIRXWXSXLI'SYRGMPERHQEOISVEPWXEXIQIRXW YRHIVEPPEKIRHEMXIQW*SV[VMXXIRWYFQMWWMSRWERHWMHIIZIRXVSSQVIUYIWXWXLIHIEHPMRIMWMonday 23 August 2010.

*SVQSVIMRJSVQEXMSRSR2+3TEVXMGMTEXMSRWIILXXTFMXP]HYs.

WORKING GROUP ON HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL REVIEW

8LI,YQER6MKLXW'SYRGMP3TIRIRHIH-RXIVKSZIVRQIRXEP;SVOMRK+VSYTSRXLI6IZMI[SJXLI;SVOERH*YRGXMSRMRKSJ XLI,YQER6MKLXW'SYRGMP[MPPFILIPHJVSQ25 to 29 October 2010. NGOs with ECOSOC status will be able to attend and TEVXMGMTEXIMRXLI[SVOMRKKVSYT´WWIWWMSR

SPECIAL PROCEDURES’ VISITS

=SYGERWXE]YTXSHEXIEFSYXYTGSQMRKZMWMXWF]XLIWTIGMEPTVSGIHYVIWXSGSYRXVMIWEVSYRHXLI[SVPHEX LXXTX[MXXIVGSQYRVMKLXW[MVeSVEPXIVREXMZIP]WYFWGVMFIXSIQEMPYTHEXIWEXLXXTGSRXEGGGER+J.

ELECTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS

APPOINTMENT OF SPECIAL PROCEDURES MANDATE HOLDERS

;LEX´WGSQMRKYT# At the 15thWIWWMSRSJXLI,YQER6MKLXW'SYRGMP XS7ITXIQFIV XLI4VIWMHIRXSJXLI'SYRGMP[MPPETTSMRXRI[ QERHEXILSPHIVWXSXLIJSPPS[MRKQERHEXIWWTIGMEP6ETTSVXIYVSRXLILYQERVMKLXWSJMRXIVREPP]HMWTPEGIHTIVWSRWERH 7TIGMEP6ETTSVXIYVSRXSVXYVIERHSXLIVGVYIPMRLYQERSVHIKVEHMRKXVIEXQIRXSVTYRMWLQIRX8LI'SRWYPXEXMZI+VSYT [MPPTVIWIRXEPMWXSJVIGSQQIRHIHGERHMHEXIWXSXLI4VIWMHIRXEXPIEWXSRIQSRXLFIJSVIXLIFIKMRRMRKSJXLIWIWWMSR8LI VIGSQQIRHEXMSRW[MPPFIQEHIEZEMPEFPISRXLI,6')\XVERIXLXXTTSVXEPSLGLVSVKTSVXEPTEKITSVXEP,6')\XVERIt.

;LEX]SYGERHS# *SVXLIQERHEXIWXSFIETTSMRXIHMR7ITXIQFIV]SYGERWYFQMX]SYVZMI[WSRXLIGERHMHEXIWWLSVXPMWXIHF]XLI'SRWYPXEXMZI +VSYTXSXLI4VIWMHIRXEXLVGTVIWMHIRG]$SLGLVSVg.

INTERNATIONAL SERVICE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 94'31-2+):)287%9+97823:)1&)6