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Full Thesis.Pdf A STUDY ON APPLICATION OF NATM METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTION OF METRO SYSTEM IN DHAKA CITY BY MOHAMMAD FARZAD FARAZANDEH MASTER OF SCIENCE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING (TRANSPORTATION) DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY FEBRUARY, 2010 A STUDY ON APPLICATION OF NATM METHOD FOR CONSTRUCITON OF METRO SYSTEM IN DHAKA CITY BY MOHAMMAD FARZAD FARAZANDEH A thesis submitted to Department of Civil Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, In partial fulfillment of requirement for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING (TRANSPORTATION) Department of Civil Engineering BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY February, 2010 i The thesis titled “A study on application of NATM method for construction of Metro system in Dhaka city” submitted by Mohammad Farzad Farazandeh, Roll: 04084426(F), Session April 2008, has been accepted as satisfactory in partial fulfillment of requirement of the degree of Master of Science in Civil Engineering (Transportation). BOARD OF EXAMINERS ---------------------------------- Dr. Md. Shamsul Hoque CHAIRMAN Professor, Department of Civil Engineering BUET Dhaka-1000 (Supervisor) --------------------------------- Dr. Md. Saiful Alam Siddiquee MEMBER Professor, Department of Civil Engineering BUET, Dhaka-1000 (Co-Supervisor) ------------------------------ Dr. Md. Zoynul Abedin MEMBER Professor, Department of Civil Engineering (Ex-Officio) BUET, Dhaka-1000 ----------------------------- Dr. Alamgir Mojibul Hoque MEMBER Professor, Department of Civil Engineering BUET, Dhaka-1000 ------------------------------- Dr. Tanweer Hassan MEMBER Professor, Department of Civil Engineering BUET, Dhaka-1000 --------------------------------- Dr. S. M. Salehuddin MEMBER Additional Executive Director (External) Dhaka Transport Coordination Board (DTCB) Ministry of Communication ii DECLERATION I hereby declare that the research work reported in this thesis has been performed by me and this thesis or any part of it has not been submitted elsewhere for any other purpose except when due reference is made in the text of the thesis. February 2010 MOHAMMAD FARZAD FARAZANDEH iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all the author wishes to express his deepest gratitude by heart and soul to the almighty Allah, for giving this opportunity and for enabling to complete the thesis successfully. The author is deeply indebted to and expresses his utmost gratitude from the heart to Dr. Md. Shamsul Hoque, Professor of Civil Engineering Department, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, who supervised the work, for his close supervision, continued professional guidance, endless encouragement, constructive comments and helpful suggestions to make the study possible. His active interest in the topic and advice throughout the study were of immense help. The author is also grateful to Engr. Moshirifar, Phd. Civil engineering , Chief Design Manager and DGM of Perlite Company, head office, Engr. Gholamreza Yousefi M.Sc. civil engineering Tohid Tunnel operation manager Head office Organization, Kaatebian, B.Sc Mining Engineering Site Chief Engineer of Resaalat Tunnel management Head Organization in Tehran as well as Zulfiqar Tahmid, B.Sc Mechanical Enginner, MIEB, Manager, system engineering and design, Dhaka Electric Supply Company Ltd (DESCO) head office, Ataul Hoque DGM of DPDC head office, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Mohammad Nurol Hoque B.Sc Civil Engineering, Chief Engineer, WASA Head office, Fuatul Islam Director Operation of Titas gas head office, Dhaka Bangladesh and Anwar Husain Divisional Engineer BTCL office, Dhaka Bangladesh and to those people who helped him collect the field data in various occasions in Bangladesh and in Iran and to them who helped him time to time with their thoughtful advice. Finally, the author expresses endless contribution of his parents from the core of his heart for their continuous encouragement of his parents with their endless support and motivation. iv ABSTRACT A study on the application of various methods of construction of underground metro for Dhaka city is undertaken in this thesis. A tunnel route alignment along the existing road surface starting from Pallabi to Sayedabad is chosen for this study. Infrastructure nearby the route that may affect the total tunnel construction or that may get affected by underground tunneling is identified in order to propose the best possible metro construction system for the route. A high density of the buildings nearby the selected route is found to be located between Bijoy Sarani and Bangla motor intersection. Also some rare and large structures are located in the Pallabi area. Based on the nature of the methods discussed in this study none of the existing structures in the route create a big problem. Identification of challenges to be encountered on the route of the Metro construction is undertaken in this study. Availability of unmanaged and unarranged network of utility lines lying beneath the road surface in the selected route makes the management of the city utility networks in case of tunnel construction a bit difficult as cut and cover method of construction is concerned. Also present situation of the network of utility line which means dislocation and relocation for construction of metro is a great cost in this aspect. Another challenge to be faced in this route is application of future development programs in the Dhaka city. In two points of the route there are very large conflicts among the three projects meeting which they need synchronization today in order to construct all the projects in future for specified point. Application of any proposed project without synchronizing with other two makes the application of other project very difficult or even impossible. The third challenge identified is the presence of large buildings nearby which they will affect the earth retention systems design. In this study an analysis regarding the metro route, the stations and the proper construction method is presented. Proposed 15.21 km of the route, 12 stations and tunnel section as well as the section suitable for the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM ) proposed. The construction method details about the steps required in New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM) is included in this study as well. v A cost analysis is undertaken in order to assess the total costs needed for any considered method of tunnel construction. This analysis is restricted to the cost of tunneling only. The detailed costs like construction of station utilities etc are not considered in this study. Also in this thesis NATM and Cut and Cover costs are compared. Based on findings and calculations, NATM method shows to be 25.12 % cheaper than Cut and Cover method by the total cost of Tk7, 507.2 million for NATM and Tk 9,392.99 million of Cut and Cover. Due to large capital cost for Tunnel Boring Method (TBM) as compare to NATM and Cut and Cover, this TBM method was not considered in this analysis. Selected route is subjected to large utility networks of WASA Titas Gas, Electricity and BTCL located all along the route with their specific behavior to the tunneling process. Some of these utility lines need to be relocated, displaced, and replaced during the construction. Also proposed projects by DCC, STP 2004 and Bangladesh Bridge Authority (BBA) are to be constructed along the route, which synchronizations of the present at meeting points due to conflicts should be considered. As the conflicts, challenges and flexibility of the construction method is concerned, NATM shows more practicality as compare to Cut and Cover. The NATM has no conflict with Utility networks, and there is no limit in deep excavations to eliminate the effect of surrounding elements which the Cut and Cover shows a lot of difficulties in this aspect. This study revealed that despite all of the present challenges in the route, application of Metro tunnel construction is feasible for Dhaka city. Based on this study the best method of contraction is NATM in aspects of cost, technology, ease of application and independency of science. Also due to less amount of conflict between NATM and the surrounding elements and due to ease of synchronization by environment, application of NATM method for Dhaka city underground metro construction is suggested. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Page Declaration iv Acknowledgement v Abstract vi Table of Contents viii List of Table xiii List of Figures xiv List of Abbreviation xviii 1. Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1. General 1 1.2. Reasons for Underground 2 1.3. Metro Rail Proposition for Dhaka City 3 1.4. Route Characteristics 4 1.5. Objective and Scope 6 1.6. Organization of The Thesis 7 2. Literature Review 2.1. General 8 2.2. Vehicle and Travel Characteristics 8 2.3. Various Modes and Modal Choices of Transportation 10 2.4. Various Transport Authorities 12 2.5. Transportation Problems in Dhaka 12 2.6. Features of Mass Rapid Transit 13 2.7. Different Types of Mass Rapid Transit 14 2.7.1. Light Rail Transit 14 2.7.2. Commuter Rail 16 2.7.3. Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) 18 2.7.4. Heavy Rail System (Metro) 19 2.8. Comparison Among Various Mass Rapid Transit Options 22 2.8.1. Comparisons Among Key Features 22 2.8.1.1. Construction and Operating Costs 24 2.8.1.2. Capacity and Speed 26 2.8.1.3. Comparative Benefits : Rail Vs Bus Transit 28 2.9. Review of Tunnel Construction Methods 29 2.9.1. TBM 29 2.9.1.1. Method of Construction 30 2.9.1.2. Tunnel Boring Machine 31 2.9.1.3. Backup Terrain 33 2.9.1.4. Total Excavation Sequence 34 vii 2.9.2. Cut and Cover 35 2.9.2.1. Construction Method 35 2.9.3. NATM 38 2.9.3.1. Broad Principles of NATM 39 2.9.3.2. NATM Process of Construction 40 2.9.3.3. Classification of Rock Mass Type 40 2.9.3.4. Rock Quality Designation Index (RQD) 40 2.9.3.5. RMR Value 40 2.9.3.6. Q Factor 41 2.9.3.7.
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