DOCSLIB.ORG

The Impact of the Mariel Boatlift on the Miami Labor Market

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Impact of the Mariel Boatlift on the Miami Labor Market The Impact of the Mariel Boatlift on the Miami Labor Market David Card Industrial and Labor Relations Review, Vol. 43, No. 2. (Jan., 1990), pp. 245-257. Stable URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0019-7939%28199001%2943%3A2%3C245%3ATIOTMB%3E2.0.CO%3B2-Z Industrial and Labor Relations Review is currently published by Cornell University, School of Industrial & Labor Relations. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/about/terms.html. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/journals/cschool.html. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. The JSTOR Archive is a trusted digital repository providing for long-term preservation and access to leading academic journals and scholarly literature from around the world. The Archive is supported by libraries, scholarly societies, publishers, and foundations. It is an initiative of JSTOR, a not-for-profit organization with a mission to help the scholarly community take advantage of advances in technology. For more information regarding JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. http://www.jstor.org Wed Jun 27 22:35:26 2007 THE IMPACT OF THE MARIEL BOATLIFT ON THE MIAMI LABOR MARKET DAVID CARD* Using data from the Current Population Survey, this paper describes the effect of the Marie1 Boatlift of 1980 on the Miami labor market. The Marie1 immigrants increased the Miami labor force by 7%, and the percentage increase in labor supply to less-skilled occupations and industries was even greater because most of the immigrants were relatively unskilled. Nevertheless, the Marie1 influx appears to have had virtually no effect on the wages or unemployment rates of less-skilled workers, even among Cubans who had immigrated earlier. The author suggests that the ability of Miami's labor market to rapidly absorb the Marie1 immigrants was largely owing to its adjustment to other large waves of immigrants in the two decades before the Marie1 Boatlift. NE of the chief concerns of immigra- natives. Second, the locational choices of 0tion policy-makers is the extent to immigrants and natives presumably de- which immigrants depress the labor mar- pend on expected labor market opportu- ket opportunities of less-skilled natives. nities. Immigrants tend to move to cities Despite the presumption that an influx of where the growth in demand for labor can immigrants will substantially reduce native accommodate their supply. Even if new wages, existing empirical studies suggest immigrants cluster in only a few cities (as that the effect is small. (See the survey by they do in the United States), inter-city Greenwood and McDowell [I9861 and migration of natives will tend to offset the studies by Grossman [1982], Borjas [1987], adverse effects of immigration. and Lalonde and Tope1 [1987].) There are These considerations illustrate the diffi- two leading explanations for this finding. culty of using the correlation across cities First, immigrants have, on average, only between wages and immigrant densities to slightly lower skills than the native popu- measure the effect of immigration" on the lation. Thus, econometric studies based on labor market opportunities of natives. They the distribution of the existing stock of also underscore the value of a natural ex- immigrants probably understate the effect periment that corresponds more closely to of unskilled immigration on less-skilled an exogenous increase in the supply of im- migrants to a particular labor market. The experiences of the Miami labor The author is Professor of Economics, Princeton Cniversity. He thanks George Borjas, Alan Krueger, market in the aftermath of the Marie1 Bruce Meyer, and seminar participants at Princeton Boatlift form one such experiment. From University for their comments. Mav to Se~tember1980. some 125,000 , 1 A data appendix with copies of the computer Cuban immigrants arrived in Miami on a programs used to generate the tables in this paper is available from the author at the Industrial Relations flotilla of privately chartered boats. Their Section, Firestone Library, Princeton University, arrival was the conseauence1 of an unlikelv Princeton, SJ 08544. sequence of events culminating in Castro's Indu~trialand Labor Helnttons Reutew, Vol. 43, So. 2 (January 1990). 0 by Cornell University 0019-7939190/4302 $01 .OO 246 INDUSTRIAL AND LABOR RELATIONS REVIEW declaration on April 20, 1980, that Cubans Angeles, the city with the next-highest wishing to emigrate to the United States immigrant fraction, and 6.1% nationwide. were free to leave from the port of At the time of the Census, 56% of Mariel.' Fifty percent of the Marie1 immi- immigrants in Miami were of Cuban grants settled permanently in Miami. The origin. The remaining foreign-born resi- result was a 7% increase in the labor force dents, who accounted for 16% of the of Miami and a 20% increase in the Miami population, included other His- number of Cuban workers in Miami. panic groups and a broad selection of This paper summarizes the effects of Caribbean and European nationals. the Boatlift on the Miami labor market, Miami also has a significant black popu- focusing on wages and unemployn~ent lation. The fraction of black residents was rates of less-skilled workers. The analysis 15.0% in 1970 and had increased to 17.3% is based on individual micro-data for by the time of the 1980 Census. The large 1979-85 from the merged outgoing rota- concentrations of both immigrants and tion group samples of the Current Popu- blacks makes Miami ideal for studying the lation Survey (CPS). effect of increased immigration on the Three features of the Marie1 incident labor market opportunities of black na- and the .Census data greatly facilitate the tives. analysis. First, the CPS sample of the Table 1 describes the four major groups Miami metropolitan area is relatively large: in the Miami labor force in 1979: white roughly 1,200 individuals per month. non-Hispanics; black non-Hispanics; Cu- Second, a comprehensive picture of the bans (foreign-born and native-born); and Miami labor market in the months just other Hispanics. For simplicity, I have before the Marie1 Boatlift is available from restricted attention to individuals age the 1980 Census, which was conducted on 16-6 1, a group that represents roughly April 1, 1980. Finally, unlike most other 60% of the Miami population. The frac- ethnic groups, Cubans are separately tions of Cubans and blacks in the 16-61 identified in the CPS questionnaire. Thus, age group are 27.2% and 26.3%, respec- it is possible to estimate wage rates, tively, and the fractions of white non- unemployment rates, and other economic Hispanics and non-Cuban Hispanics are indicators for both Cubans and non- 34.4% and 11.1%. Overall. 73% of 16- Cubans in the Miami labor market, and to 61-year-olds participated in the labor measure the effects of the Marie1 immigra- force, with somewhat higher rates among tion on the two groups separately. whites and Cubans and lower rates among blacks and other Hispanics. Education levels in Miami are somewhat below the Overview of the Miami Labor national average: the mean of completed Market Before the Boatlift education for 16-6 1-year-olds in 1979 was For at least a decade prior to the Marie1 11.8 years in Miami, compared with 12.2 Boatlift, Miami was the most immigrant- vearsi nationwide. intensive city in the country. Tabulations The occupation distributions in rows from the 1980 Census indicate that 35.5% 7-17 of Table 1 give a crude indication of of residents in the Miami Standard Metro- the degree of labor market competition politan Statistical Area (SMSA) were for- among the four groups. Cubans and other eign-born,2 compared to 22.3% in Los Hispanics have very similar occupation distributions, with a higher representation 'See Masud-Piloto (1988, chaps. 6-7) for an in craft and operative occupations than overview of the political developments that led to the either whites or blacks. Blacks are more Mariel Boatlift. hi~hlv0,concentrated in laborer and service- See U.S. Department of Commerce (1983). The related occupations, and are significantly Miami SMSA consists of Dade County, and includes Miami City as well as a number of smaller towns and under-represented in managerial occupa- cities. Throughout this paper, I use "hIia~ni"to refer tions. to this broader geographic region. A useful summary measure of the THE MARIEL BOATLIFT Tnble 7. Characteristics of 16-61-Year-Olds in Miami, 1979. Chnracterictic Ilil~ites Black Cubans likpanzcs All Chamcl<riitics of Populnfzo!2 '4g.p 16-61 1. Esiiniaeed Number (1000's) 319.3 244.1 252.4 102.9 928.4 2. Mrali kd~~cation 12.8 11.4 11.0 11.6 11.8 3. Percent in Labor Force ...13.6 68.3 77.2 68.8 73.1 Chnmcteristics of Tllo.\r in Lzbor Force 4. Estirnatcd Number (1000's) 241.3 166.6 194.7 70.8 678.2 ?. Alean Education 13.1 11.8 11.3 11.9 12.1 6. Percent Age 16-24 21.1 24.1 22.0 26.0 22.8 Occupntio~~Distrihiltio!~(Prrceut of Evr~f~loyed) 7.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Shape of the 1980S: Demographic, Economic, and Travel Characteristics
    Transportation Research Record 807 27 reductions in use through price alone. In the REFERENCES aggregate, these effects are likely to cancel out and result in growth in VMT of 40-50 percent higher 1. Highway Travel Forecasts. FHWA, Nov. 1974. than during the 1975-1995 period. 2. N.S. Erlbaum, D.T. Hartgen, G.S. Cohen. NYS Other important demographic and economic factors Gasoline Use: Impact of Supply Restrictions and could significantly change these projections. Embargoes, New York State Department of Trans­ Trends toward greater automobile ownership per portation, Albany, Prelim. Res. Rept. 142, Aug. household but declining household size could add as 1978. mu,ch as 23 percent to travel projections over the 3. D.T. Hartgen and N.S. Erlbaum. Long-Range same period i decreasing urbanization could add Forecasts of Transportation Energy Consumption another 9 percent. But double-digit inflation, in New York State (Rev. Ed.). New York State higher unemployment rates, and periodic energy Department of Transportation, Albany, Prelim. supply shortages could more than cancel out these Res. Rept. 158, April 1980. effects. The net direction of all of these factors 4. Annual Automotive Fuel Economy Progress Report is difficult to determine, but on the whole, our to Congress. U.S. Department of Transportation, assessment is that, in spite of higher prices, the April 1980. likelihood of a stagnant economy, and possible 5. Charles Rivers Associates, Inc. Methods for supply shortages, travel is likely to grow, albeit Analyzing Fuel Supply Limitations on Passenger at a slower rate than in the 1960s and 1970s. Travel. NCHRP, Rept.
    [Show full text]
  • 13 November1981 TARIFFS and TRADE Limited Distribution
    RESTRICTED L/4914/Rev.5 GENERAL AGREEMENT ON 13 November1981 TARIFFS AND TRADE Limited Distribution MULTILATERAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS Status of Acceptances of Protocols, Agreements and Arrangements (as of 9 November 1981)1 The following Protocols, Agreements and Arrangements have been accepted by the Governments listed on the dates and with the conditions or declarations specified. A. Geneva (1979) Protocol to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade - Argentina 11 July 1979 - Austria (subject to ratification) 17 October 1979 Ratification 28 December 1979 - Belgium (subject to ratification) 17 December 1979 Ratification 7 May 1981 - Canada (subject to ratification) 11 July 1979 Ratification 1 September 1981 - Czechoslovakia 16 June 1980 - Denmark (subject to ratification) 17 December 1979 Ratification with regard to the products 21 December 1979 subject to the regime of the European Coal and Steel Community and except as regards its application to the Faroe Islands - European Economic Community 13 July 1979 (For authentication of the Protocol and of the schedules of tariff concessions annexed thereto, and subject to conclusion by the European Communities in accordance with the procedures in force) Acceptance 17 December 1979 - Finland (subject to ratification) 11 July 1979 Ratification 13 March 1980 - France 17 December 1979 - Germany, Fed. Rep. (subject to ratification) 17 December 1979 Ratification 7 November 1980 The Geneva (1979) Protocol to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade shall also apply to Berlin (West) with effect from the date on which it enters into force for the Federal Republic of Germany 1This document consolidates the information contained in documents L/4914/Rev.4 and Adds.
    [Show full text]
  • WHCA Video Log
    WHCA Video Log Tape # Date Title Format Duration Network C1 9/23/1976 Carter/Ford Debate #1 (Tape 1) In Philadelphia, Domestic Issues BetaSP, DigiBeta, VHS 90 ABC C2 9/23/1976 Carter/Ford Debate #1 (Tape 2) In Philadelphia, Domestic Issues BetaSP, DigiBeta, VHS 30 ABC C3 10/6/1976 Carter/Ford Debate #2 In San Francisco, Foreign Policy BetaSP, DigiBeta, VHS 90 ABC C4 10/15/1976 Mondale/Dole Debate BetaSP, DigiBeta, VHS 90 NBC C5 10/17/1976 Face the Nation with Walter Mondale BetaSP, DigiBeta, VHS 30 CBS C6 10/22/1976 Carter/Ford Debate #3 At William & Mary, not complete BetaSP, DigiBeta, VHS 90 NBC C7 11/1/1976 Carter Election Special BetaSP, DigiBeta, VHS 30 ABC C8 11/3/1976 Composite tape of Carter/Mondale activities 11/2-11/3/1976 BetaSP, DigiBeta, VHS 30 CBS C9 11/4/1976 Carter Press Conference BetaSP, DigiBeta, VHS 30 ALL C10 11/7/1976 Ski Scene with Walter Mondale BetaSP, DigiBeta, VHS 30 WMAL C11 11/7/1976 Agronsky at Large with Mondale & Dole BetaSP, DigiBeta, VHS 30 WETA C12 11/29/1976 CBS Special with Cronkite & Carter BetaSP, DigiBeta, VHS 30 CBS C13 12/3/1976 Carter Press Conference BetaSP, DigiBeta, VHS 60 ALL C14 12/13/1976 Mike Douglas Show with Lillian and Amy Carter BetaSP, DigiBeta, VHS 60 CBS C15 12/14/1976 Carter Press Conference BetaSP, DigiBeta, VHS 60 ALL C16 12/14/1976 Barbara Walters Special with Peters/Streisand and Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter BetaSP, DigiBeta, VHS 60 ABC Page 1 of 92 Tape # Date Title Format Duration Network C17 12/16/1976 Carter Press Conference BetaSP, DigiBeta, VHS 30 ABC C18 12/21/1976 Carter Press Conference BetaSP, DigiBeta, VHS 30 ALL C19 12/23/1976 Carter Press Conference BetaSP, DigiBeta, VHS 30 ABC C20 12/29/1976 Good Morning America with Carter and Cabinet Members (Tape 1) BetaSP, DigiBeta, VHS 60 ABC C21 12/29/1976 Good Morning America with Carter and Cabinet Members (Tape 2) Digital Files, Umatic 60 ABC C22 1/4/1977 Dinah Shore Show with Mrs.
    [Show full text]
  • TRANSNATIONAL LANDSCAPES and the CUBAN DIASPORA By
    TRANSNATIONAL LANDSCAPES AND THE CUBAN DIASPORA by JENNA ELIZABETH ANDREWS-SWANN (Under the Direction of Virginia D. Nazarea) ABSTRACT This study explores the multiple meanings of landscape and the creation of place within the Cuban Diaspora. Landscape encompasses not only the external physical environment or a particular geographical space, but the concept also represents collections of personal experiences with, and memories linked to, various pieces of the physical environment. Diaspora is an association that is not restricted to a geographical place but formed by cultural nationalism shared by members of a transnational community. The research sites in this study are Moultrie, Georgia, and Miami, Florida. These sites were selected to represent some of the diversity (e.g. rural/urban, established/newly arrived) inherent in the Cuban Diaspora. In light of current scholarship on these themes and the issues facing members of the Cuban Diaspora today, the principal questions addressed in this study are: How are landscapes (re)created and given meaning at locations in the Cuban Diaspora? and How does the context of migration or exile affect the (re)creation of landscapes? To address the research questions, an integrated set of mixed ethnographic methods comprised of participant observation, interviews, life history collection, cognitive mapping, and archival research was used. Results show that the manner in which members of the Cuban Diaspora in the United States left Cuba indeed impacts their relationship with the island and how they experience Cubanidad , or Cubanness. Based on the data collected, many members of the Diaspora who were jailed or otherwise persecuted in Cuba tend to shy away from addressing volatile issues, such as Cuban politics or religion, and choose instead to (re)create a private sense of Cubanidad.
    [Show full text]
  • C:\A Projects\AAA IBLA Decs\064IBLA\L261-263.Wpd
    CAJEN MINERALS IBLA 82-739 Decided June 2, 1982 Appeal from decision of Nevada State Office, Bureau of Land Management, declaring unpatented mining claims abandoned and void. N MC 124830 through N MC 124868. Affirmed. 1. Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976: Recordation of Mining Claims and Abandonment -- Mining Claims: Abandonment The failure to file the instruments required by sec. 314 of the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976, 43 U.S.C. § 1744 (1976), and 43 CFR 3833.1 in the proper BLM office within the time period prescribed by statute constitutes an abandonment of the mining claim by the owner. Regulation 43 CFR 3833.1-2(d) requires each location notice filed for recordation to be accompanied by a service fee of $5. This is a mandatory requirement, so there is no recordation of a mining claim where the check tendered as payment of the service fee is never honored by the drawer's bank. Therefore, when the location notices are filed with BLM Oct. 22, 1979, but the service fee is not paid with a negotiable check until June 3, 1980, the recordation date of the claims is June 3, 1980. For claims located prior to Oct. 21, 1976, where the effective date of recordation of the location notices with BLM is June 3, 1980, sec. 314 of FLPMA compels the conclusive determination that the claims are abandoned. APPEARANCES: C. Allen Jensen, for appellant. 64 IBLA 261 IBLA 82-739 OPINION BY ADMINISTRATIVE JUDGE HENRIQUES On October 22, 1979, Cajen Minerals filed, in the Nevada State Office, Bureau of Land Management (BLM), copies of the location notices for the Little Worm Nos.
    [Show full text]
  • Country Term # of Terms Total Years on the Council Presidencies # Of
    Country Term # of Total Presidencies # of terms years on Presidencies the Council Elected Members Algeria 3 6 4 2004 - 2005 December 2004 1 1988 - 1989 May 1988, August 1989 2 1968 - 1969 July 1968 1 Angola 2 4 2 2015 – 2016 March 2016 1 2003 - 2004 November 2003 1 Argentina 9 18 15 2013 - 2014 August 2013, October 2014 2 2005 - 2006 January 2005, March 2006 2 1999 - 2000 February 2000 1 1994 - 1995 January 1995 1 1987 - 1988 March 1987, June 1988 2 1971 - 1972 March 1971, July 1972 2 1966 - 1967 January 1967 1 1959 - 1960 May 1959, April 1960 2 1948 - 1949 November 1948, November 1949 2 Australia 5 10 10 2013 - 2014 September 2013, November 2014 2 1985 - 1986 November 1985 1 1973 - 1974 October 1973, December 1974 2 1956 - 1957 June 1956, June 1957 2 1946 - 1947 February 1946, January 1947, December 1947 3 Austria 3 6 4 2009 - 2010 November 2009 1 1991 - 1992 March 1991, May 1992 2 1973 - 1974 November 1973 1 Azerbaijan 1 2 2 2012 - 2013 May 2012, October 2013 2 Bahrain 1 2 1 1998 - 1999 December 1998 1 Bangladesh 2 4 3 2000 - 2001 March 2000, June 2001 2 Country Term # of Total Presidencies # of terms years on Presidencies the Council 1979 - 1980 October 1979 1 Belarus1 1 2 1 1974 - 1975 January 1975 1 Belgium 5 10 11 2007 - 2008 June 2007, August 2008 2 1991 - 1992 April 1991, June 1992 2 1971 - 1972 April 1971, August 1972 2 1955 - 1956 July 1955, July 1956 2 1947 - 1948 February 1947, January 1948, December 1948 3 Benin 2 4 3 2004 - 2005 February 2005 1 1976 - 1977 March 1976, May 1977 2 Bolivia 3 6 7 2017 - 2018 June 2017, October
    [Show full text]
  • CELIA and FIDEL the Cuban Revolution Profile: Fidel Castro Profile: Celia Sánchez Cuba-U.S
    ARENA’S PAGE STUDY GUIDE THE PLAY Meet the Playwright Key Terms CELIA AND FIDEL The Cuban Revolution Profile: Fidel Castro Profile: Celia Sánchez Cuba-U.S. Relations Asylum-Seekers at the Peruvian Embassy and the Mariel Boatlift Three Big Questions Resources THE PLAY Fidel Castro, the political leader of Cuba and its revolution, is celebrating. Cuba’s support of the socialists in Angola (see article) is succeeding and, to him, it represents Cuba’s growing influence and power in the world. Celia Sánchez, his fellow revolutionary and most trusted political advisor, wants him to focus on his upcoming speech to the United Nations. She also urges him to face the realities in Cuba, where the people are clamoring for change and freedom. Fidel refuses. BY Consuelo, a spy and Fidel’s protégée, EDUARDO MACHADO arrives. She tells Fidel that Manolo, DIRECTED BY MOLLY SMITH a former revolutionary, is in Havana to meet with him. Manolo now works NOW PLAYING IN THE KOGOD CRADLE | FEBRUARY 28 - APRIL 12, 2020 for the U.S. government and is in Cuba on behalf of President Carter to discuss ending the trade embargo. “But, things are changing. People that grew up under our revolution are Their meeting is interrupted with unhappy. I think we have not given them enough things to dream and work for. startling news: hundreds of Cubans have stormed the Peruvian embassy They know about the world. And they want their own voice.” in Havana, asking the Peruvian — Celia Sánchez, Celia and Fidel government to help them leave Cuba. Will Fidel be able to cooperate with Celia, Manolo and Consuelo Celia and Fidel was generously commissioned by Drs.
    [Show full text]
  • Users' Guide for the Public Use Tapes April 1980
    USERS’ GUIDE FOR THE PUBLIC USE TAPES APRIL 1980 “., U.S.DepartmentofTransportation/FederalHighwayAdministration NOTE: OrIJuly 21, 1981,as a resultof a reviewof the CensusBureau ~losure policy,additionalgeographicdetailon the locationof many NFTS householdswas providedto the FederalWgkway Adm3.nistratiun. This addeddata has been incorporatedinto the publicuse tape,sndhas resultedin the followingchange: User’aGuidepage 72, AppendtiC. 1977NPTS RecordLayoutand Documentation. S~ #l: RouseholdRecord, P-2. Field 24-27 SMSA Code has been chqed. The new recordlayout shouldread: Field 24-26 %A Code See list attachedto back cover. Field 27* CensusRegionCode (Blank,1, 2, 3, 4) I - Northeast 2 - NorthCentral 3 - South 4 - West Blafi - Regionnot disclosed * Field 27 was previouslyincludedin the sMSA CocleS d ~= always ~ero, therefore,haviugno signifcsnce. I . I f Attacbnt 1 SMsA Code Akron OG8 Allentom.Bethlehm.Easton G24 -... Alb~y-Schenectsdy-Troy 016 AtXanta 052 Baltimore 072 Birmingham 100 Boston 112 Chicago 160 Cincinnati 164 Cleveland 168 Dallas 192 Dayton 200 Detroit 216 Flint 264 Fresnn 284 GrandRapids 300 Rartford 328 RoustOn 336 Indianapolis 348 . JerseyCity 364 RausasCity 376 Lansing 404 New York 560 Philadelphia 616 r Pittaburg 628 Portland 644 Code Rochester 6W St. buis 704 San Bernadim-Riverside-ont~iO 728 San Diego 732 S~acuse 816 Toledo Mo Washington,D,C, 884 YOungstOm-Werren 932 Region %ortheast NorthCentral South West . I-. I Field bcation Le~th Item Description Value Range and Codes 24-26 3 SMSA Code See list attsc~edto back page . 27 ‘ 1 CensusRegton (Blank,1, 2, 3, 4) 1 - Northeast r . “1 . 1977 NationwidePersonalTransportationStudy Users’Guide for PublicUse Tapes Preparedby: Ruth H. Asin HighwayStatisticsDivision Officeof HighwayPlanning .
    [Show full text]
  • Race, Nation, and Popular Culture in Cuban New York City and Miami, 1940-1960
    Authentic Assertions, Commercial Concessions: Race, Nation, and Popular Culture in Cuban New York City and Miami, 1940-1960 by Christina D. Abreu A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (American Culture) in The University of Michigan 2012 Doctoral Committee: Associate Professor Jesse Hoffnung-Garskof Associate Professor Richard Turits Associate Professor Yeidy Rivero Associate Professor Anthony P. Mora © Christina D. Abreu 2012 For my parents. ii Acknowledgments Not a single word of this dissertation would have made it to paper without the support of an incredible community of teachers, mentors, colleagues, and friends at the University of Michigan. I am forever grateful to my dissertation committee: Jesse Hoffnung-Garskof, Richard Turits, Yeidy Rivero, and Anthony Mora. Jesse, your careful and critical reading of my chapters challenged me to think more critically and to write with more precision and clarity. From very early on, you treated me as a peer and have always helped put things – from preliminary exams and research plans to the ups and downs of the job market – in perspective. Your advice and example has made me a better writer and a better historian, and for that I thank you. Richard, your confidence in my work has been a constant source of encouragement. Thank you for helping me to realize that I had something important to say. Yeidy, your willingness to join my dissertation committee before you even arrived on campus says a great deal about your intellectual generosity. ¡Mil Gracias! Anthony, watching you in the classroom and interact with students offered me an opportunity to see a great teacher in action.
    [Show full text]
  • Generational Change Among Cuban Americans in Miami
    YOUTH IN REVOLT? GENERATIONAL CHANGE AMONG CUBAN AMERICANS IN MIAMI by S. Hannah Champion A thesis submitted to the Department of Sociology In conformity with the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Queen’s University Kingston, Ontario, Canada (February 2011) Copyright ©Sarah Hannah Champion, 2011 i Abstract The ideological battle fought between the United States and Cuba has been centrally located in Miami, Florida. The ninety miles of ocean separating the two nations serves as a type of no‐mans land, the hypothetical battlefield separating Cuban‐ Americans from their homeland and families across the Florida straits. For decades, the Miami Cuban community was seen as possessing a single identity, one of vehement anti‐Castro sentiment and an ever‐present desire to return to the homeland of their memories and past. However, recent literature has suggested that fissures are becoming more apparent in the façade of absolute unity. The break in ideological singularity has emerged along generational lines, invoking Karl Mannheim’s pioneering work on the sociological analysis of generations. This paper attempts to decipher the extent to which a Mannheimian generation is emerging among the youth of the Cuban‐American population in Miami Florida. Using discourse analysis an analysis of print news media conducted on 16 articles from the Miami Herald and 11 articles from the New York Times was undertaken to gain an understanding of the coverage of two major events seen to have an impact on young Cubans in both Miami and Cuba (Juanes’ concert for peace and the Elian Gonzalez case). This analysis shed light on the extent to which an older generation of Cuban‐Americans maintains control of resources.
    [Show full text]
  • Consequences of a Politicized Immigration Policy
    Diálogo Volume 7 Number 1 Article 6 2003 The Mariel Boatlift of 1980: Consequences of a Politicized Immigration Policy Félix Masud-Piloto Follow this and additional works at: https://via.library.depaul.edu/dialogo Part of the Latin American Languages and Societies Commons Recommended Citation Masud-Piloto, Félix (2003) "The Mariel Boatlift of 1980: Consequences of a Politicized Immigration Policy," Diálogo: Vol. 7 : No. 1 , Article 6. Available at: https://via.library.depaul.edu/dialogo/vol7/iss1/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Latino Research at Via Sapientiae. It has been accepted for inclusion in Diálogo by an authorized editor of Via Sapientiae. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Mariel Boatlift of 1980: Consequences of a Politicized Immigration Policy Cover Page Footnote This article is from an earlier iteration of Diálogo which had the subtitle "A Bilingual Journal." The publication is now titled "Diálogo: An Interdisciplinary Studies Journal." This article is available in Diálogo: https://via.library.depaul.edu/dialogo/vol7/iss1/6 T h e M ariel B oatlift o f 1 9 8 0 : CONSEQUENCES OF A POLITICIZED IMMIGRATION POLICY by Félix Masud-Piloto As a response to the Cuban Revolution, Havana and hijackings of Cuban planes into the Peruvian embassy, fifteen into and influenced by political tensions of and vessels, the decline of the Cuban the Venezuelan embassy, and one into the Cold War, in 1959, the United States economy, and pressures fo r emigration the Argentine embassy.2 The Cuban Government created a policy that has from Cubans disaffected with the government did not recognize the given legal and illegal Cuban Revolution, contributed to the tensions political asylum rights of those people, immigrants special treatment, benefits that brought the multiple crises to a because none of those who entered the and political asylum upon arrival in the head in the spring of 1980.
    [Show full text]
  • OUTDOOR RECREATION TRENDS in the 1980'S SO WHAT? - IMPLICATIONS for SOCIETY!~ Carlton S
    OUTDOOR RECREATION TRENDS IN THE 1980's SO WHAT? - IMPLICATIONS FOR SOCIETY!~ Carlton S. Van Doren2 INTRODUCTION a war in Southeast Asia with confused, mixed commitments and emotions. Our president at that My purpose today as the last speaker is time successfully disengaged us from this twofold. I have been asked to summarize the unwanted war and then proceeded to deceive us many excellent presentations we have heard with an event called Watergate. To provide a during the previous two days and to be a spokes- capstone to our frustrations we then moved man for society's viewpoint. It is my intent to immediately into a national and worldwide challenge you. I hope to draw your attention to energy crisis with its attendent, insidious some implications concerning outdoor recreation monetary inflation. In addition, Third World trends in the 1980's that I foresee in this time changes are emotionally draining our society. of continuous societal change. It is difficult learning to cope with contin- ual change. T. S. Eliot said, "The future has many cunning corners" and a traditional Japanese These events, the "Future Shock" of saying admonishes, "If you talk about the future, Toffler, have caused us to momentarily lose even the demons will laugh." In spite of these our confidence, question the future, and have cautions concerning prognostication, the impli- created a focus on the present. We made cations to society may really be, So What? questionable progress in handling our problems Why? Because I have to question if our trends, of racial and sexual inequality, poverty, crime, based on data compiled in the 1970's, have and pollution.
    [Show full text]