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A History of the Indiana State School for the Deaf

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A History of the Indiana State School for the Deaf Butler University Digital Commons @ Butler University Graduate Thesis Collection Graduate Scholarship 1-1-1949 A History of the Indiana State School for the Deaf Windell W. Fewell Butler University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.butler.edu/grtheses Part of the Education Commons, and the History Commons Recommended Citation Fewell, Windell W., "A History of the Indiana State School for the Deaf" (1949). Graduate Thesis Collection. 350. https://digitalcommons.butler.edu/grtheses/350 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Scholarship at Digital Commons @ Butler University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Thesis Collection by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Butler University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. (This certification-sheet is to be bound with the thesis. The major professor should have it filled out at the oral examination.) Name of candidate: ~lnd~ll w. F&~ell Oral examination: Date t:p.~:~I..~.9.I... ~E.~~ . Committee: ......~ ~ , Chairman .....~4.I.4.~ £....~~~=::~(.~ . ~,,....--~) /) c. //2 ~ 7 ;; -. ~J/ I· / ".\HL.7.d£:(.~!::: / ,r.:.\ -£c,;;Lt.rZ';.r;.-:(/ . Thesis title: .....!~f].+.§:f.mr£ ..g.t, :L1.\11•••~~1.D,~!:\~1!:§:r,{~7.'A! . .............................................................................................SCHOOL FOR nm DBAF ..... Thesis approved in final form: · 1,m'ij 18 19'W . Date J: ~ .. ~ ;; .. Major Professor ~ L..~~ .. (Please 'return this certification-sheet, along with two copies of the thesis and the candidate's record, to the Graduate Office, Room 105, Jordan Hall. The third copy of the thesis should be returned to the candidate immediately after the oral examination.) - A HIS'l1()RY OF' THE INDIAlfA STNfE SCHOOL B'OR THE DEAF by Windell We Fewell A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science with a major in Education Division of Graduate Instruction Butler University 1949 LD C1 PREFACE The author is deeply grateful to Superintendent J. A. Raney for his kind encouragement and for his permission to use the records of the Indiana state School for the Deaf. An expression of appreciation is made to Principal Charles S. Rawlings and others of the school who assisted in locating materials. The author is also indebted to Mr. Richard Phillips, Vocational Counselor, state Department of Education, Vocational Rehabilitation Division, for his permission to examine the card files of his office. w. W. F. Indianapolis) Indiana 1.)8.2:e PH.EF'ACE. ii LIST OF TABLE,S . • • •• .. • .. • • • . • • • • . v LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. • • • • • • • • • • • vi Cbapter I. INTRODUC'HON. 1 statement of the Problem Source of Data. Mettods of Securing Data Plan of Treatment Def ini tions Limitations II. A PI S'rORICAL 3KETC}, . European and .American Ba.ckgrOlJ.nd Beginnings in Indiana Gr6wth a~d Changes Present StBtus III. MATERIJ'ILEQUIPlilr,;W:e. 19 Buildings Grounds·· Instructional supplies Library Equipment IV. ADrtINIS'l'RATIOJ:,i: l"INJ'LNCIAL SUPl'OH'l' AlJD (_j·ENERJeLMANAGEIViENT• • • • • • • • • • 42 Means of support Administrc\ ti ve Agencie s Organizat ion for AdministrEltion student Accounting \ Administra,t i ve Standard Relation to Other Schools iii TABLE OF' COH~rBNTS Chapter V. PROGRAM OF' STUDIES • • , • • • • • r • • 67 Extent Industrial Art s Normal Training Department VI. DrSTRUCrrIOH: FAC'JLTY,I(:"8;TJODS PJm EDTJCJ"TION tiL rrFEOHIBS • • • 84 'Poach ar s I'!Iethods and Educetiona1 Theories VII. srrUDENTS AND S'llTJDENT LIFE. • • • • 92 students Discipline Extracurricular Activities Expenses VIII. CONTRIBUTIONS •••• • • • • • • • • • 108 IX. Sm!],IARY PJJD CONCLUSIONS ••••••••• 11'1 GIBLIormAPI-lY. • . 122 J';..PP:Sl~DI~{ •••••• , ••••••• • •••• • 125 iv LI ST OF 'l'ABLES Page 1. Cost of Present Buildings at the Indiana state School for Deaf. • • • • • • • • •• 32 2. 'r10tal Ye arl y Expenditure of the Lnd.iana state school for Deaf for the First and Each Succeeding Tenth Year. • • . • . • 44 3. Chief Administrators of the IndiEma state School for Deaf from 1843 to 1948. 48 4. Changes in the Age Limits for Applicants. • 63 5. Order of Exercises, 1852. 69 6. Regular Order of the Day, 1893. • '7. Unit Requirement:3 for Gradu8t ion. • 79 8. Numbe r , Sex, and :c)s18,ries of 'I'e acr. or a at Ten Year Intervals from 1844 to 1944••• 86 9. YeElrly Enrollment find Sex of Student S E: t the Indi£na state School for Deaf from 1844 to 191£'1.. •• . 10. Yearly Enrollment E.t the IndionE! ,stGte School for Deaf from 1914 to 1944... 11. OCCUp8.tions of 190 Alumni of the LndIan a Stote School for Deaf in 1894. • . 109 12. Occupations of Twenty-Four Members of the 1947 Graduatin3 Class of the Indiana state School for the Deaf. • • . • . 112 v LIST OF' ILLUS'I1RATIONS Figure 1. Main Building of the Indiana Institution for' Education of the Deaf an d Dumb in 18fSO. .. 21 2. First Floor of the Main Building and the School Building, 1850-1911. • • • • • • • • 24 3. Indiana Institution for the Deaf and Dumb (1850-1911).. • •••• . .. 25 4. Present scbool and Adrrlinistl'ationBuilding and superintendent t S Dwe L'Ll.n g . • • • •• • 27 Bv.ildLl1.,'2;sarid Grounds of the Erid.Lan a state school for the Deef, 1948 •••• . 29 6. Basement Floor of tte School Euilding. 30 7. Firat Floor of tte school Building ...••• 31 8. Second Floor of the school Building. 9. l'lJilli2,ml;'!illard••..•. 49 10. Ricb~lr'dO. .Torm aon . • • . bl 11. Superintendent Oscar M. Pittenger. •• 53 12. Mr. J. A. Raney, Present superintendent ••• 54 13. Or;);aniz8.tionfor Administration Indiana state School for the Deaf. 60 14. .1;;am.181Alphabet. • • . 65 15. Cla8.3 schedule for Pi'Ie Adv211.cedClasses at the Indiana Institution for Educating t e De pf' an d Dumb , • • • • •• •••••• ? 4 16. Departmental Program in 1920. • • . •• 76 vi 1 A HISTORY OF THE INDIANA Sr:eATE SCHOOL FOR ~IE DEAF CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION This study has been motivated by an intimate contact with the Indiana State School for the Deaf as a teacher and by a growing interest in its development. This interest was further stimulated by coming into con- tact with the large volume of school records which, in some cases, date back to the beginning of the school in 1843. In spite of the fact that these original source materials have been fairly well preserved, no history of the school, other than comparatively brief sketches, has been written. It is hoped that this history of the Indiana State School for the Deaf will be of especial intere sb and value to those currently associated with the institution, as well as to the general public. In spite of a vigorous and ex- tensi ve public relat ions program, too f'ew are familiar with this institution which they help to support. It is further hoped that this history may be of value 2 by providing a basis for a greater understanding and appreciation of existing conditions. statement -of --the -_._-Problem Vmat events led to the founding of the Indiana state School for the Deaf, and how was it established? From the date of founding to the present, what significant changes or developments have been made in the following phases of the school: material equipment, ad- ministration, program of studies, instruction and student life? VJhat contribution has the school made to SOCiety? VVhat is the present status of the school relative to the phases listed in question two? Source ---of Data Sources of data include the following: school records, Annual Reports of the Trustees and Superintendent to the Gove rnor, The HOQ 3ier (student publ icat ion), local newspapers, American Annals of the Deaf, Volta Review, general history sketches, files of the State Department of Vocational Rehabilitation, personal interviews and personal observations. Method of Securing the Data The following methods were used in securing the data for study: examination and selection of pertinent data from the sources listed above, interviews, and personal observation. 3 _-Plan of Tr'eatment The general order of pre sent at ion will follow that of the maj(!)I' questions listed on page two. Though numer- cu s tables and figures are included, the majority of the data will be presented in narrative or expository form. The specific order of presentation will be a brief his- torical sketch, material equipment, administration, pro- gram of studies, instruction, students and student life, contributions, and summary. The general plan will be to present the status of the school at particular intervals to illustrate change and development. A sincere effort will be made to maLn» tain both accuracy and readability. Definit ions The term, Indiana state School for the Deaf, is the correct one to use in designating the institution described in this study. For the sake of brevity other shorter terms may occasionally be used. It is an educa- tional institution and not an asylum. The term asylum was erroneously applied in the school's early history. Art iculat ion is a te rm which was formerly used in referring to speech training for the deaf. "Deaf" is considere d the corre ct te rm to use in referring to a person who cannot heer. The term "deaf and dumb," is incorrect and embarrassing to the deaf person who, in the majority of cases, is not dumb in either an intellectual or physical sense. 4 Other terms, applying 'GO education of the Deaf or to this par-tLcu'l ar- school, will be explained in the body of the following chapters. Limitations Due to inaccuracies discovered in some secondary sources, the majority of the content of this history is based on data secured from the Annual Reports, Financial Records, Correspondence, or other original records of tte School for Deaf. The amount of description or discussion at any part icular stage ha s been 1 imited due to the School's unusually long history.
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