Index

A diagnosis, 237 Abatacept, 118, 344 management, 237, 238 Acitretin, 183, 184 phototherapy, 240 Acne keloidalis nuchae (AKN), 18–20, 155, poor prognostic factors, 237 156 systemic treatment, 239 Acute telogen effluvium, 125, 129 topical and intralesional treatment Adalimumab, 185, 186 options, 238 Adams-Oliver syndrome, 242 impregnate a cotton swab, 28 Adjuvant therapy, 121 intralesional corticosteroid therapy, African hair, 262 111, 112 African sensitive hair, 263 intralesional steroid dosing, 112 5 alfa reductase inhibitors, 49 intramuscular steroid therapy, 114 Aloe vera, 169 intravenous steroid therapy, 114 Alopecia areata (AA), 21, 81, 85, 237, 247, JAK inhibitors, 119 300, 301, 324, 328, 329 low/no efficacy, 122 abatacept, 344 microneedling in, 40 adjuvant therapy, 119–121 mild dermatitis, 28 affecting beard/eyelashes/eyebrows, 111 modified DPCP protocol, 27 allergic reaction, 28, 31 oral JAK inhibitors, 342, 343 anthralin, 116 oral steroid therapy, 114 apremilast, 344 patch test, 27 BMD1141, 343, 344 patient’s reaction, 29 BNZ-1, 343 phototherapy and excimer laser, 116–118 in children and adults treatment, 110 phototherapy and laser therapy, 117 children and pregnant women, 33, 34 F2a analogs, 116 corticosteroid-sparing agents, 115 SADBE, application of, 25, 30 different corticosteroid-sparing agents, 114 scalp micropigmentation, 110 DMARD, 114, 115 schedule visits, 29 DPCP, 25, 343 sensitize patients, 27 dupilumab, 345 side effects, 31, 33 efficacy assessment, 31 suitable therapeutic regimen, 109–111 evidence-based treatment options, 120, 121 systemic steroids + corticosteroid-sparing/ feedback about allergic reaction, 29 DMARD agents, 115 fumaric acid, 344 systemic therapy, 113 targeted therapeutics, 118 course of, 237 topical immunotherapy, 25, 30, 115, 116

© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 349 A. Tosti et al. (eds.), Hair and Scalp Treatments, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21555-2 350 Index

Alopecia areata (AA) (cont.) 5-alpha reductase inhibitor, 92 topical JAK inhibitors, 343 dosage regimen, 93, 94 therapy, 111 safety and sexual side effects, 92, 93 tralokinumab, 345 in women, 94 treatment diagram, 26 , 97 treatment response, 33 , 120, 223 treatment schedule, 29 Antimalarials (hydroxychloroquine), 145 vitamins, 79, 80, 120 Antivirals, 120 Anagen effluvium, 324 Apira Science Revage 670, 57 Androgenetic alopecia (AGA), 2, 10, 53, 78, Aplasia cutis congenita, 242 296–298, 324, 327, 329–331 Apple-condensed tannins (ACT), 226 adjuvant therapies and procedures, 103 Apremilast, 118, 183–185, 344 hair transplantation, 102 Arnica, 222 laser and light sources, 102 Aromatherapy, 119, 120 PRP injections, 102 Artificial hair implants, 280, 281 -independent therapies, 98, 99 Atopic dermatitis, 227 therapies (see Antiandrogen Automatic devices, 36 therapies) , 92 causes of hair consultation, 91 B CB-03-01, 340 Baldness, 330 emerging clinical therapies Baricitinib, 118, 342 cortexolone 17α-propionate, 101 Benzoyl peroxide, 211 oral , 101 Benzyl alcohol, 203 , 101 Betamethasone, 18 topical 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors, Bexarotene, 238 100 11-B-hydroxysteroid hydroxygenase, 222 WNT/β-catenin pathway, 102 , 99 female androgenetic alopecia, 95 Biofibre®, 280 female (FPHL), 91 Biologic agents finasteride and topical minoxidil, 94 adalimumab, 185, 186 FPHL, 91, 104, 105 brodalumab, 186 male androgenetic alopecia, 93 certolizumab pegol, 187 male pattern hair loss, 337 etanercept, 185 MPHL, 91, 104 guselkumab, 187 multifactorial and polygenetic, 91 infliximab, 185 PGF2 analog, 338 itolizumab, 187 prevalent condition, 91 ixekizumab, 186 setipiprant, 339 secukinumab, 186 sexual side effects of oral finasteride, 338 tildrakizumab, 187 SM04554, 340 ustekinumab, 186 topical finasteride, 341 BiologicsMD, 343 topical JAK inhibitors, 340, 341 Biotin, 78, 327 topical minoxidil and finasteride, 94 Bisabolol, 166 Anthralin, 116 Bitemporal thinning, 126 Antiandrogen therapies Bleached hair, 256 , 98 Blow dryer, 281 BMD1141, 343, 344 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor, 96 BNZ-1, 343 dosage regimen, 96 Bolanča, 45 hyperandrogenism, 97 Borage oil, 169 safety and sexual side effects, 96 Botulinum toxin, 226–228 in women, 97 Brauer’s nevus, 241, 242 finasteride Brazilian keratin treatment (BKT), 259, 287 Index 351

Brodalumab, 185, 186 Digital videodermatoscopes, 2 Bubble hair, 246 Dihydrotestosterone (DHT), 92, 329 Butorphanol, 223 4-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde, 12 Diphenhydramine, 223 Diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP), 25 C Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), 140, 147, Calcineurin inhibitors, 149 148, 313, 314 Calcipotriene (Calcipotriol), 181 Disease-modifying antirheumatic drug Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), 221 (DMARD), 114, 115 Calcitriol, 181 Dissecting cellulitis (DSC), 9, 150–152, 308, Cannabinoid, 221 309 Cap/helmet-shaped devices, 57 Down syndrome, 241 Catagen hairs, 12 Doxepine, 225 CB-03-01, 340, 341 Doxycycline, 141 Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia Dronabinol, 224 (CCCA), 8, 148–150 Dry hair, 257, 258, 262, 327 Certolizumab pegol, 185, 187 Ducray Extra-Doux shampoo, 257, 258, 260 Cervantes, 44 Ducray Sabal Shampoo, 257 Cervical and occipital lymphoadenopathy, 31 Dupilumab, 118, 345 Cesare Ragazzi Laboratories, 267 Dutasteride, 304 Chandrashekar, 40 Dynamic or sequential trichoscopy, 296 Chinese herbal medicine, 226 Dyson Airwrap™, 281 Chronic telogen effluvium, 125, 129, 130 Cicatricial alopecias, 331 Cicatricial or scarring alopecias, 331 E Ciclopiroxolamine, 210 Ebastine, 119 , 189 Ectodermal dysplasias, 242 , 166 Ehrenfest, D., 41 Clindamycin, 211 El Taieb, 45 CNC® Hair Prosthesis, 268 Epidermolysis bullosa, 242 CO2 laser, 52 Erbium-glass laser, 49, 52 , 167, 182 Erythromycin, 211 “Cold” X5 HairLaserTM, 57 Etanercept, 185 Cognitive-behavioral therapy, 241 Evaluate treatment response Conditioners, 255, 256 adding adjuvant treatments, 291 Congenital triangular alopecia, 241, 242 changing therapy, 291 Contact dermatitis, 312, 313 cicatricial alopecia, 291 Cortexolone, 101 increasing/decreasing treatment dose, 291 Corticosteroids, 165, 166 instruments Corynebacterium spp., 211 cross-section trichometer, 292 Cotton swab, 28 dynamic/sequential trichoscopy, 296 Crepe wool hair, 275 FFASI, 293, 294 Cromolyn sodium, 223 frontal fibrosing alopecia severity Custom-made caps, 267 score, 294 Cutaneous atrophy, 18 global photography, 295, 296 Cyclosporine, 114, 183 handheld dermoscopy, 292 Cyproterone acetate, 98 HSVS, 293 lichen planopilaris activity index, 295 phototrichogram, 293 D SALT score, 295 Dandruff, 331 Dr. Tosti’s scale, 295 Demipermanent dyes, 288 videodermoscopy, 292 Dermoscopy, 1 prescribed therapy, 291 Dhurat, 38 scalp diseases 352 Index

Evaluate treatment response (cont.) G alopecia areata, 300, 301 GABA analogues, 225 androgenetic alopecia, 296–298 Gabapentin, 225 contact dermatitis, 312, 313 Gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), 169 discoid lupus, 313, 314 German chamomile, 222 dissecting cellulitis, 308, 309 Global photography, 295, 296 FFA, 302–304 Glutathione peroxidase, 80 folliculitis decalvans, 307, 308 Gluteal atrophy, 113 hair transplant, 317–319 Glycyrrhetinic acid, 166 lichen planopilaris, 304–306 Griseofulvin, 201, 205, 206, 209, 235 pediculosis, 316 Grow long hair, 328 psoriasis, 309, 310 Guselkumab, 185, 187 seborrheic dermatitis, 311, 312 Gynecomastia, 92 telogen effluvium, 298–300 tinea capitis, 315, 316 Excimer laser therapy, 58, 240 H Extra-doux shampoo, 262 Hair bulbs, 12, 13 Eyebrow loss, 145 Hair crayons, 279 Eyebrow microblading, 280 Hair cutting, 323 Eyebrows, 324 Hair dyes, 254 Eyelashes, 324 adverse events, 289 Ezetimibe/simvastatin, 119, 120 bleaching, 289 Brazilian keratin treatment, 287 demipermanent and permanent F colors, 288 Facial papules, 143, 145 modify natural hair color, 288 Farid, 39 restore pigmentation, 288 Female pattern hair loss (FPHL), 69, 80 straightening and permanent waving, Fexofenadine, 119 285, 286 Fibrosing alopecia, 7, 146 temporary and semipermanent Fibrosing alopecia in a pattern distribution colors, 288 (FAPD), 140, 145 tips to avoid hair damage, 287 Finasteride, 39, 53, 58, 304 Hair extensions, 270, 271, 273, 274 Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), 78 Hair fibers, 278 Flavin mononucleotide (FMN), 78 Hair follicle, 324 Fluconazole, 168, 172, 208–210 Hair graying, 325 Follicular unit (FU), 65 Hair growth, 323 Follicular unit excision (FUE), 66, 72 Hair iron, 281 Folliculitis decalvans (FD), 8, 18, 20, 140, Hair loss, 324, 327 152–154 different causes, 327 Fotofinder, 292 diffuse alopecia, 247 Fractional thermolysis (FT), 49 female pattern, 330 Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA), 2, 7, 18, 19, lack of clinical trials, 233 48, 57, 140, 142–145, 302–304 male pattern, 330 Frontal fibrosing alopecia severity index patchy alopecia (FFASI), 293, 294 AA (see Alopecia areata (AA)) Frontal fibrosing alopecia severity score, 294 aplasia cutis congenita, 242 Fuconazole, 205 congenital triangular alopecia, Fumaric acid, 344 241, 242 Fumaric acid esters (fumarates), 188 hair shaft disorders, 243 Fusidic acid, 211 TC (see Tinea capitis (TC)) Index 353

risks versus benefits of therapy, 233 Hair washings, 323 Hair prosthesis, 120 Hair-Contact®, 274 hair extensions, 270, 271, 273, 274 Hairline, 330 hairpieces, 269, 270 HairMax® LaserBand, 54 integration wigs, 269 HairMax® LaserComb, 54 patchy hair loss, 274, 275 Hairpieces, 269, 270 wigs Hair-shedding visual scale (HSVS), 293 caps, 266, 267, 269 Hairspray, 278, 279 color, 269 Handheld portable dermatoscopes, 2 composition, 266 Healthy hair cut, 266 conditioners, 255, 256 wig care, 269 hair care guidelines Hair shaft disorders, 243–246 bleached hair, 260 Hair shaft variability, 297 dry virgin hair, 257, 258 Hair shedding, 293 normal hair, 258 Hair straightening/perming, 286 oily scalp and dry hair, 259 Hair styling, 280 virgin and oily scalp, 256 Hair transplantation (HT), 317–319 seborrheic dermatitis candidacy, 66 chemically treated hair, 262 complications, 73, 74 dry hair, 262 donor area, 66, 69–71 oily hair, 261 elliptical excision/strip, 66, 71, 72 shampoos, 253–255 FU, 65 Hexacetonide, 20 FUE, 66, 72 Hidroxyzine, 228 local anesthesia, 71 Home phototherapy, 117 PeRP+ACell, 74 Homeopathic , 169 post-operative sequelae, 74 Hormonal disbalance, 142 post-radiation alopecia, 74 Hormonal tests, 329 recipient area, 65, 67, 68 Hydroxychloroquine, 58, 141, 156, 304 recipient sites and placing grafts, 72, 73 , 99, 101 safe donor area, 66 Hypopigmentation, 33 skill and experience, 75 Hypothyroidism, 327 Hair turning gray, 325 Hair volume improvement electrical devices, 281 I hair camouflaging agents, 276–277 iGrow Laser Helmet, 57 hair extensions, 271–273 Imidazole, 166 hair prosthesis (see Hair prosthesis) Infections and infestations human vs. synthetic hair, 267 diagnosis and follow-up, 198 scalp camouflaging agents, 277 tinea capitis, 197 eyebrows and eyelashes, 280 treatment strategy hair crayons, 279 pediculosis (see Pediculosis) hair fibers, 278 tinea capitis (see TInea capitis) hair style, 280 trichomycosis treatments, 201 micropigmentation/scalp tattooing, 279 trichophytic tine, 197 oral , 278 Inflammatory scarring alopecias, 22 powder cakes, 279 Infliximab, 185 scalp lotions, 279 Integration wigs, 269 sprays, 279 Interleukins (ILs), 188 surgical methods, 280, 281 Intralesional corticosteroid therapy, wig size, 266 111, 112 354 Index

Intralesional steroid (IL-S) injections excimer, 47 acne keloidalis, 18 Fitzpatrick skin types V-VI, 58 cutaneous atrophy, 18 fractional lasers, 47 dermatological and nondermatological adverse effects, 52 diseases, 17 CO2 laser, 52 dilute steroids, 20 erbium-glass laser, 49, 52 folliculitis decalvans, 18 mechanism of action, 49 hypopigmentation, 18 skin resurfacing, 49 inject in signs of disease activity, 22 thallium laser, 52 intralesional therapy, 21 treatment of atrophic scars, 49 local adverse effects, 23 hair growth and improved wound healing, patchy alopecia areata, 18 47 scarring and non-scarring hair loss, 17 LLLT systemic effects, 23, 24 adjuvant to traditional therapies, 53 technique, 20, 21 adverse effects, 57 treatment of alopecias, 21 cap/helmet-shaped devices, 57 Intralesional steroids, 112, 151, 154, 238 comb devices, 54 Intralesional TA, 22 energy settings, 54 Intralesional therapy, 21 individual therapy, 53 Intramuscular steroid therapy, 114 mechanism of action, 53 Intravenous steroid therapy, 114 office devices, 57 Iranian medicine, 226 OPN2 (rhodopsin), 59 iRestore Laser Hair Growth System, 57 OPN3 (panopsin, encephalopsin), 59 Iron deficiency, 80 opsin receptors, 59 , 304 pregnant women, 59 Itolizumab, 187 pulsed devices, 58 Itraconazole, 167, 172, 201, 205, 207, 208, treatment of alopecia, 50–51, 55–58 210 Lassueur-Graham-Little-Piccardi syndrome, Ixekizumab, 185, 186 58 , 99, 338 Lee, 39, 40 J Lentiginous reaction, 32 JAK inhibitor, 118, 119 LEOPARD syndrome, 241 Jha, 45 Levonorgestrel intrauterine devices (IUDs), 327 Lichen planopilaris (LPP), 45, 53, 54, K 140–142, 145, 304, 306 K301, 167 Lichen planopilaris activity index (LPPAI), emollients, 235 141, 295 Keratotic plugs, 314 Lidocaine, 20, 228 Kerion, 208 Lola shampoo, 262 , 168 Loose anagen hair syndrome, 13, 14, 247 Ketoconazole-based shampoo, 181 LoPresti, 148 Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome, 241 Low-level light therapy (LLLT), 102, 136 adjuvant to traditional therapies, 53 adverse effects, 57 L cap/helmet-shaped devices, 57 Lactoferrin, 166 comb devices, 54 Laser and light-based therapies energy settings, 54 biopsy-proven scalp malignancies, 58 individual therapy, 53 comb/hair products, 47 and light therapy, 47 darker skin types, 58 mechanism of action, 53 devices, 48 office devices, 57 diagnosis and pre-treatment, 48, 49 Lubrification, 256 Index 355

Lye-based relaxers, 286 N Lymphoadenopathy, 32 Naftifine hydrochloride, 211 Lymphopenia, 188 Nail-patella syndrome, 247 Nanoxidl, 298 Narahari, S.R., 23 M Neoplasias, 229 Malassezia spp, 161, 162 Net caps, 266 Malathion, 203 Neurokinin-1 antagonist, 226 Male androgenetic alopecia, 91 Neuropathic itch, 228 Male pattern baldness (MPB), 69 Neutrogena T-Gel Shampoo, 261 Male pattern hair loss (MPHL), 91 308-nm excimer laser, 57, 58 McGuff, P., 47 Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory Meat and fish, 326 agents, 166 Medical plants, 82, 85 Noonan syndrome, 247 Melaleuca alternifolia, 169 Normal hair, 258 Meningomyeloceles, 242 NutraStim Laser Hair Comb, 54 Mesotherapy, 100 Mester, E., 47 Methotrexate, 183, 184, 189, 239 O Methyl 5-aminolevulinate acid (MAL), 40 Oaze Hair Beam and the Capillus Laser 18-metil eicosanoic acid (18-MEA), Cap, 57 286, 288 Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), 240 MicroLines integration system, 269 Oily hair, 261 Microneedling Oily hair shampoo, 257 activate dermal papillae stem cells, 36 Oral finasteride, 337 androgenetic alopecia, 45 Oral isotretinoin, 168, 169 automatic devices, 36 Oral JAK inhibitors, 239, 342 automatic non–energy-based device, 37 Oral minoxidil, 101 cylindrical roller device, 36 Oral steroid therapy, 114 efficacy assessment, 38–40 Ortonne, 188 hair growth, 36 Over-processed hair, 262, 263 manual and automatic devices, 37 manual non–energy-based device, 37 mechanism of action, 35 P microinflammation, 35 Pai syndrome, 241 microneedle length, 36 Pantene co-wash shampoo, 262 non-energy based and radiofrequency-­ Pantene sulfate-free shampoo, 257 based devices, 36 Parabens, 20 pinpoint bleeding, 39 Para-toluenediamine sulfate (PTDS), 289 procedure, 38 Patchy alopecia, 22 radiofrequency microneedling, 37 Patchy hair loss, 274, 275 stratum corneum and papillary Pediculosis, 316 dermis, 35 direct head-to-head contact, 201 used for cosmetic purposes, 35 first-line treatment used in dermatologic conditions, 35 benzyl alcohol, 203 WNT pathways, 35 dimethicone, 204 Microwounds, 35 malathion, 203 Minoxidil, 39, 53, 98, 99, 135, 136, 150, 278, pediculicide resistance, 204 298, 331, 332, 337 spinosad, 203 Mirtazapine, 225, 229 topical ivermectin, 203 Mishra, 41 topical pediculicides pyrethroids, Mobile-connected dermatoscopes, 2 201–203 Monofilament caps, 267 second-line treatments Mycrosporum spp., 234 manual removal, 204 356 Index

Pediculosis (cont.) (PGE2), 101 occlusive agents, 204 Prostaglandin F2a analogs, 116, 119 oral ivermectin, 205 Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), 92 third- and fourth-line treatments, 205 Provitamin A carotenoids, 77 Pediculosis capitis, 197, 200 Pruritus, 219 Pediculosis nit, 200 Psoriasis, 309, 310 Pediculus capitis, 199 Psychogenic itch, 229 Pei Tu Qing Xin Tang (PTQXT), 226 Pthirus pubis, 199 Percutaneous collagen induction (PIC), 35 Pulse corticoisteroid therapy, 240 Perifollicular erythema, 149 PUVA-turban therapy, 116 Permanent dyeing, 288 Pyrethroids, 201–203 PGF2 analogs, 338–339 Phakomatosis pigmentovascularis, 241 Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor, 220 Q Photodynamic therapy, 40 Quassia amara, 169 Pioglitazone, 145 Quercetin, 120 , 166 Platelet poor plasma (PPP), 73 Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), 39, 119, 120, 332 R anticoagulated tubes, 41 Radiofrequency microneedling, 37 β-catenin signaling, 41 Recombinant IL-2, 118 definition, 40 (isotretinoin, acitretin), 141, 145, efficacy assessment, 44, 45 189 fibrin architecture, 41 Riboflavin deficiency, 78 frequency of sessions, 44 Ruxolitinib, 118, 342, 343 growth factors and , 40 high-densify fibrin network, 41 injection protocol, 43, 102, 136 S low-density fibrin network, 41 Saccharopolyspora spinose, 203 3-ml luer lock syringes, 41 Saceda-Corralo, 100 open and closed technique, 41 Safe donor area (SDA), 69 plasma injection, 44 Salicylates, 220 platelet and leukocyte concentration, 41 /lipohydroxy acid (LHA), 167, platelet-rich plasma protocol, 44 182 principal growth factors, 40 Scalp atrophy, 112, 113 side effects, 43 Scalp itch single- or double- spin centrifugation, 41 clinical and trichoscopical topical minoxidil, 45 evaluation, 217 venipuncture, 43 herbal remedies Polichem®, 100 arnica, 222 Polidocanol, 220 German chamomile, 222 Polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN), 52 herbal Chinese medicine, 223 Posaconazole, 205 Korean herbal, 223 Powder cakes, 279 tea tree oil, 222 p-phenylenediamine (PPD), 289 virgin coconut oil, 222 Pramiconazole, 168, 172 hygiene recommendations, 218–219 Pramoxine, 220, 221 microflora balance, 217 Pregabalin, 225 primary skin lesion, 217 Premature canities, 85 psychotropic agents Premature graying of hair, 81, 82 anesthetics, 226 Primary alopecias, 140 atypical antidepressants, 225 Primary cicatricial alopecia (PCA), 139 botulinum toxin, 226, 227 Promiseb®, 166 GABA analogues, 225 (PGD2), 101 herbal antipruritic agents, 226 Index 357

neurokinin-1 , 226 interfollicular and perifollicular white protease pathway, 226 scales, 178 SSRIs, 225 limited access and visibilit, 177 thalidomide, 225, 226 red dots and globules, 179 tricyclic antidepressants, 225 second-line treatments, 183 scalp conditions severity and therapeutic options, 189 collagen diseases, 227 third- and fourth-line treatments first-line treatment, 227 acitretin, 184 inflammatory disorders, 227 apremilast, 184, 185 LSC and neuropathic itch, 228 azathioprine, 187 lymphoma and paraneoplastic biologic agents (see Biologic agents) syndromes, 228 cyclosporine, 184 neoplasias, 229 fumaric acid esters (fumarates), prurigo nodularis, 228 188 psychogenic itch, 229 hydroxyurea, 187 second-line therapy, 227, 228 methotrexate, 184 systemic itch, 228 small molecules, 188 third-line therapy, 227 systemic medications, 183, 184 scratching behavior, 217 Th17 pathway, 188 systemic antipruritic agents treatment selection, 188–190 antihistamines, 223 treatment strategy, 179, 180 cromolyn sodium, 223 treatments, 180 μ-opioid receptor antagonists, 223 twisted red loops, 179 systemic treatment, 224 Scalp sprays, 279 topical antipruritic agents Scarring alopecias, 53 calcineurin inhibitors, 219 AKN, 155, 156 phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors, 220 CCCA, 148–150 salicylates, 220 DLE, 147, 148 strontium chloride, 220 DSC, 150, 151 topical antihistamines, 219 FAPD, 145 topical corticosteroids, 219 FD, 152–154 topical neuromodulators FFA, 142–145 cannabinoid, 221 LPP, 140, 141 capsaicin, 221 scarring/cicatricial alopecias, 139 coolant agents, 221 treatment of PCA, 140 opiod agonists, 221 Seborrheic dermatitis (SD), 53, 311, 312 polidocanol, 220 chronic inflammatory skin disease, 161 pramoxine, 221 clinical diagnosis, 162 Scalp lotions, 279 thick white-yellow greasy scales, 161 Scalp psoriasis treatment options, 164 clinical diagnosis, 178, 179 treatment regimens, 165 complex immune-mediated disease, 177 treatment selection cutaneous lesions, 177 infant treatment, 171 erythema and silver white scales, 178 mild cases, 170, 171 erythematous plaques, 177 moderate to severe cases, 171 first-line treatments severe/refractory seborrheic α-hydroxy acids, 182 dermatitis, 172 coal tar, 182 treatment strategy dithranol molecule, 182, 183 first-line treatments, 164–166 keratolytic agents, 182 long-term therapy, 163 salicylic acid, 182 second-line treatments, 166–168 tazarotene, 183 third- and fourth-line treatments, topical corticosteroids, 180, 181 169, 170 topical vitamin D analogs, 181 Secukinumab, 118, 185, 186 358 Index

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors treatment options for, 133 (SSRIs), 225 treatment strategy , 80, 81 biotin supplementation, 133 Selenium sulfide, 166 drug therapy, 135, 136 Sensitive hair, 254 patient education and reassurance, Setipiprant, 101, 339 133, 135 Severity of alopecia tool (SALT) score, 295 psoriasis/seborrheic dermatitis, 133 Shah, 45 role of nutritional supplementation, 133 Shampoos, 253–255 supplemental iron and Vitamin C, 132 Short anagen syndrome, 247 vitamin C, 133 SM04554, 340 Telogen effluvium (TE), 80 Smoking, 325 Telogen hair bulb, 131 Solanum chrysotrichum, 169 Telogenic trichogram, 12 Spinosad, 203 Terbinafine, 168, 172, 201, 205–210, 235 Spironolactone, 97 Terbinafine pediatric doses, 207 Squaric acid dibutylester (SADBE), 25 Terpinen-4-ol, 169 Steroid salts, 17 Thalidomide, 225, 226 Stevens-Johnson syndrome, 205, 207, 208 Thallium laser, 52 Strontium chloride, 220 Thermadome Hair Growth Helmet, 57 Sunetics International, 57 Tildrakizumab, 185, 187 Sunetics laser, 57 Tinea capitis (TC), 197, 315, 316 Super LizerTM emits linear, 58 in adults, 208 Surfactants clinical diagnosis, 205 classification of, 254 close contacts, 209 conditioning agents, 255 diagnosis, 234–235 Systemic itch, 228 disease progression, 205 Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 59 drugs of, 206 Systemic steroids, 239 first-line treatment Systemic therapy, 113 griseofulvin, 206 terbinafine, 207 follow-up, 235 T kerion formation, 234 , 219 KOH fungal confirmation, 205 Tazarotene, 183 management, 235 Tea tree oil (TTO), 169, 222 oral treatment for, 236 Telangiectasias, 23 permanent hair loss, and transmission, 205 Telogen effluvium, 74, 298–300, 324, second-line treatment 326–328 fluconazole, 208 causes of, 127 itraconazole, 207, 208 clinical diagnosis, 130, 132 suitable strategies, 236 clinical features topical , 209 acute, 125, 129 topical ketoconazole, 210 bitemporal thinning, 126 trichomycosis, 211 chronic, 125, 129 white and black piedra, 209 psychologic effect, 129 Tofacitinib, 118, 342, 343 differential diagnosis, 132 Topical 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors, 100 etiology, 126 Topical anthralin, 116 heterogeneous triggers., 125 Topical corticosteroids, 180, 181 history and physical exam, 131 Topical diphencyclopropenone (DPCP), 343 lab tests, 131 Topical finasteride, 341 LLLT, 136 Topical hair fibers, 278 nutritional supplements, 134–135 Topical immunotherapy, 25, 30, 31, 33, 115, proposed mechanisms of, 126 116 PRP therapy, 136 Topical ivermectin, 203 Index 359

Topical JAK inhibitors, 340, 341, 343 comb, 189 Topical minoxidil, 119, 120 therapy, 167 Topical pediculicides, 199, 202 Ultraviolet (UV) light, 59 Topical steroid therapy, 111 Ultraviolet (UV) radiation, 183, 326 Topical/intralesional steroids, 49 Ustekinumab, 118, 185, 186 Traction alopecia, 11 Tralokinumab, 345 Transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRVP) V 1, 221 Vegetarian/vegan, 326 Triamcinolone acetonide (TA), 17, 238 Videodermoscopy, 292 Triamcinolone hexacetonide (TH), 17 Virgin and oily scalp, 256 Trichodynia, 328 Virgin coconut oil, 222 Trichogram, 11–13 Vitamin A, 77, 78, 298, 326 Tricholab, 292 Vitamin and mineral supplementation, 170 Trichometric Index (TMI), 292 AA, 85 Trichomycosis, 201 anti-inflammatory effects, 84 Trichophytic tinea, 197 copper, 81 Trichophyton spp., 206, 234 FMN and FAD, 78 Trichorhinophalangeal syndrome, 247 hair regrowth, stimulant effects on, 84 Trichorrhexis nodosa, 245 inhibitory effect of 5 α reductase Trichoscopy, 22, 23, 147, 151, 237 , 83 best biopsy sites, 6 iron deficiency, 80 digital dermatoscopes, 2 medical plants, 82, 85 examination premature canities, 85 contact vs. no contact, 4 premature graying of hair, 81, 82 diffuse hair loss, 2 selenium, 80, 81 immersion fluid, 4 telogen effluvium/androgenetic localized hair loss, 2 alopecia, 82 pitfalls, 5 vitamin A, 77, 78 polarized vs. non-polarized light, 4 vitamin B12, 78, 79 guided biopsy vitamin B2, 78 anagen hair syndrome, 11 vitamin B7, 78 catagen hairs, 12 vitamin C, 79 chemotherapy/scalp radiotherapy, 13 vitamin D, 79 hair shafts observation, 14 vitamin E, 80 histochemical stain, 12 zinc deficiency, 81 LAH, 13 VOLOOM™ Volumizing Iron, 281 microscopic analysis, 11 Voriconazole, 205 pathological diagnosis, 6 rubber-armed forceps, 12 short anagen syndrome, 12 W telogen effluvium, 11 Wefted caps, 266 wash hair before examination, 11 White bulb, 325 handheld portable dermatoscopes, 2 White piedra, 200 mobile-connected dermatoscopes, 2 Wood’s lamp, 235 Trichotillomania (TTM), 10, 240, 241 Trimetroprim sulfametoxasol, 307, 309 Trink, 45 X Turner syndrome, 241 Xerosis, 227

U Z Uebel, 40 Zinc deficiency, 81 Ultraviolet B (UVB) Zinc , 210