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Manitius' Text of Geminus Γεμνου Εσαγωγ Ες Τ Φαινμενα. Gemini The Classical Review http://journals.cambridge.org/CAR Additional services for The Classical Review: Email alerts: Click here Subscriptions: Click here Commercial reprints: Click here Terms of use : Click here Manitius' Text of Geminus Γεμνου Εσαγωγ ες τ Φαινμενα. Gemini Elementa Astronomica ad Codicum dem recensuit Germanica Interpretatione et Commentariis instruxit Carolus Manitius. (Lipsiae in Aedibus B. G. Teubneri.) E. J. Webb The Classical Review / Volume 15 / Issue 02 / March 1901, pp 120 - 123 DOI: 10.1017/S0009840X00029735, Published online: 27 October 2009 Link to this article: http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0009840X00029735 How to cite this article: E. J. Webb (1901). The Classical Review, 15, pp 120-123 doi:10.1017/S0009840X00029735 Request Permissions : Click here Downloaded from http://journals.cambridge.org/CAR, IP address: 130.133.8.114 on 07 May 2015 120 THE CLASSICAL REVIEW. 488 where the Cologne MS. has fusosque per the usual explanation for the variety of aequor ipse manu magna nebulam circumdatus readings at i. 159, ii. 70, iii. 124, 264, etc. acri Restituit pugnae. FLOVagree in reading —variety of reading in the archetype. Thus nebula ; the only other variations are that F at i. I.e. ffertni Jlauescit harenis F is right, has al/ra at the end of the line, whilst LOV OY reading mi as in, join it to the verb and for pugnae have pugnam. F has, very un- write her (O indeed, characteristically, hec) justly, been suspected of interpolation here, inflauescit. But L has hermus inflauescit. though atras and acris have been confused Blass supposed that the archetype had heri, elsewhere by LFOV. But that is by the with mj written above, and that L misread way : the main point is how did the editor the j as the abbreviation for -us. But if L of L's ancestor come back to acri, which came from F this explanation cannot stand made nonsense with his interpolation pug- —and it is difficult to find another. nam. WALTER C. SUMMERS. (7) Lastly, the theory plays havoc with REVIEWS. MANITIUS' TEXT OF GEMINUS. Ttfiivov Eicrayioyri eU ra ^aivofneya. Gemini several important restorations of the Greek Elementa Astronomica ad Codicum fidem text, but to obtain what he thinks recensuit Germanica Interpretatione et conclusive evidence that the well-known Commentariis instruxit CAROLUS MAN- Sphaera Prodi, which, as has long been ITIUS. (Lipsiae in Aedibus B. G. Teubneri.) known, is no more than an arrangement of certain chapters from Geminus, cannot So many eminent critics have bestowed possibly have been compiled by Proclus. warm praise on the little Introduction to For lacunae common to all extant MSS. of Astronomy which bears the name of Geminus and to the Sphaera apparently did Geminus, that there is something rather not exist in the MS. which was used, several chilling in its latest editor's want of centuries later than Proclus, by the Arab enthusiasm. But that Geminus has faults translator. must be admitted, the more readily by Turning now to the German notes and those who are not quite so willing as commentary at the end of the book, the Professor Manitius to make a convenient reader will find a full discussion of the scapegoat of his more or less imaginary questions which have been raised—often ' Excerptor.' His merits however are con- without the faintest hope of an answer—as spicuous enough to divert attention from a to the date, nationality, and literary per- much greater number of faults; and make formances of Geminus. On these problems him fully worthy of the care and skill Professor Mstnitius brings to bear a learning which Professor Manitius has devoted to and sagacity which are truly admirable, him. even to those who may doubt the possibility The most interesting points brought out of drawing valuable inferences from.the in the Preface seem to be: first that the titles of books cited casually by ancient MSS. of Geminus are few and closely authors. Who shall decide, when the books related, which is hardly what would be themselves have long perished, whether expected if the book were, as has been Freeman's ' Normans in Sicily' was the supposed, a compilation widely used for same as his 'Norman Conquest,' whether educational purposes; secondly that there ' Eobinson Crusoe' was or was not a mere exists a Latin version of the whole work epitome of ' The Life and Adventures of which, though obviously made from an Robinson Crusoe ' ? The principal achieve- Arabic translation, must descend through the ment of Professor Manitius himself in this Arabic from a Greek manuscript older and discussion is to discredit the reading ivravOa fuller than any which has come down to us. Se in the chapter on the celestial globe (p. By the aid of this Latin version Professor 50 of this edition), by which Geminus is Manitius has been able, not only to make made to say that here the northern tropic THE CLASSICAL REVIEW. 121 is divided in the ratio of five to three, and portion given by Aratus himself, who is which has been supposed to afford ground actually being quoted, there can surely be for thinking that he wrote at Rome. It is no reason whatever for detecting in it certainly clear that this was not the reading , a reference to the situation of the person which the Arab translator found, and quoting him. whether Professor Manitius can be con- I can only notice a few of the questions sidered quite successful in his proposed bearing on the history of astronomy which emendation or not, there can be little are suggested by the researches of Professor doubt that he has removed practically all Manitius. reason for connecting Geminus with Rome ; The famous Calendar at the end of the and we are therefore probably safe in con- book, which gives the time taken by the sidering the name as Greek, and pronouncing sun in passing through each sign of the it Geminus. We may also, I think, agree zodiac, was supposed by Ideler to be based that the observations about the shifting —as the remarks in Chapter I certainly are date of the Isis festival (p. 108) justify the —on the solar theory of Hipparchus, the natural, and usual, conclusion that the author days being given in round numbers instead wrote about 75 B.C. The whole theory of of fractions for the sake of convenience. Professor Manitius, which he does not pre- But later research has shown that there was tend to regard with full confidence, is as an earlier theory—that of Callippus—to follows: Geminus was a Stoic, who com- which the calendar more nearly conforms, posed a long commentary on the meteoro- and Professor Manitius is doubtless right in logical text-book of his master, Posidonius. referring the whole document, which men- This commentary he afterwards compressed tions no observations nearly so recent as into an epitome, which was current even as those of Hipparchus, to an earlier age than late as the time of Priscianus Lydus. And that of Geminus. His argument that finally this epitome itself, in the fourth or Geminus, who expresses a poor opinion of fifth century, was made by some nameless weather-predictions, would never have in- and ignorant compiler into the abbreviated serted such a compilation in his book does and interpolated work which has come down not strike me as forcible: it might T>e to us. If Professor Manitius is not right replied that the admirable chapter on star- on all these points, it is at any rate very risings and the weather was written ex- difficult to be sure that he is wrong on any. pressly to prepare his readers to discriminate I confess to regarding with scepticism his between the value of the astronomical and view that Geminus himself wrote at Rhodes, meteorological predictions in the calendar. while the excerptor lived at Constantinople, But whether Geminus inserted it or not, or at any rate somewhere in latitude 41°. the calendar is not, as Ideler supposed, Geminus may have written at Rhodes ; but Hipparchian ; and to me the question seems that he did, there seems to me no evidence to arise whether there is not really much other than such as might be taken to prove less of Hipparchus in the whole book than that any English geographer lived at Ideler thought, or than Professor Manitius Greenwich. The reasons why most globes thinks, or than might, from the date of the were constructed for the latitude of Rhodes author, have been expected. It has long —as he practically tells us they were—are been remarked that Geminus takes no plain enough, and that he should have used notice of the important correction which such a globe needs no explanation. Nor Hipparchus had made in the accepted can I understand either why what seems to estimate of the length of the year. Is it as me a very intelligible passage on p. 90 certain as Professor Manitius holds that he should be ascribed to the excerptor, or why, was better informed as to the length of the if it is, it should be held to convey any month 1 information about him. After it has been shown that the signs of the zodiac do not Geminus in several places tells us that the all take the same time to rise, the writer exact length of the synodic month is 29 days proceeds to say that this explains why, as + ^ + -^s- This estimate, if worked out, Aratus in some lines which he quotes has will be found to differ by about 25 seconds pointed out, the same number of signs, from the true value as obtained by Hip- namely six, rise and set in the longest as parchus.
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