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Bacterial Metabolism of Glycine and Alanine David Paretsky Iowa State College
Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1948 Bacterial metabolism of glycine and alanine David Paretsky Iowa State College Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Biochemistry Commons, and the Microbiology Commons Recommended Citation Paretsky, David, "Bacterial metabolism of glycine and alanine " (1948). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 13762. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/13762 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. NOTE TO USERS This reproduction is the best copy available. UMI BAG1ERIAL METABOLISM OP GL^CIKE AND ALANINE by David Paretsky A Itieais Submitted to the Graduate Faculty for the Degree of DOCTOR OP PHILOSOPHY Major Subjects physiological Bacteriology Approved? Signature was redacted for privacy. In Charge of Major Work Signature was redacted for privacy. Heaa'of' "la'jo'r 'Departn^en t Signature was redacted for privacy. Dean or Graduate -Golleg^ Iowa State College 1948 UMI Number: DP12896 INFORMATION TO USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleed-through, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. -
NON-HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS May Be Disposed of Via Sanitary Sewer Or Solid Waste
NON-HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS May Be Disposed Of Via Sanitary Sewer or Solid Waste (+)-A-TOCOPHEROL ACID SUCCINATE (+,-)-VERAPAMIL, HYDROCHLORIDE 1-AMINOANTHRAQUINONE 1-AMINO-1-CYCLOHEXANECARBOXYLIC ACID 1-BROMOOCTADECANE 1-CARBOXYNAPHTHALENE 1-DECENE 1-HYDROXYANTHRAQUINONE 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,5,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE 1-NONENE 1-TETRADECENE 1-THIO-B-D-GLUCOSE 1-TRIDECENE 1-UNDECENE 2-ACETAMIDO-1-AZIDO-1,2-DIDEOXY-B-D-GLYCOPYRANOSE 2-ACETAMIDOACRYLIC ACID 2-AMINO-4-CHLOROBENZOTHIAZOLE 2-AMINO-2-(HYDROXY METHYL)-1,3-PROPONEDIOL 2-AMINOBENZOTHIAZOLE 2-AMINOIMIDAZOLE 2-AMINO-5-METHYLBENZENESULFONIC ACID 2-AMINOPURINE 2-ANILINOETHANOL 2-BUTENE-1,4-DIOL 2-CHLOROBENZYLALCOHOL 2-DEOXYCYTIDINE 5-MONOPHOSPHATE 2-DEOXY-D-GLUCOSE 2-DEOXY-D-RIBOSE 2'-DEOXYURIDINE 2'-DEOXYURIDINE 5'-MONOPHOSPHATE 2-HYDROETHYL ACETATE 2-HYDROXY-4-(METHYLTHIO)BUTYRIC ACID 2-METHYLFLUORENE 2-METHYL-2-THIOPSEUDOUREA SULFATE 2-MORPHOLINOETHANESULFONIC ACID 2-NAPHTHOIC ACID 2-OXYGLUTARIC ACID 2-PHENYLPROPIONIC ACID 2-PYRIDINEALDOXIME METHIODIDE 2-STEP CHEMISTRY STEP 1 PART D 2-STEP CHEMISTRY STEP 2 PART A 2-THIOLHISTIDINE 2-THIOPHENECARBOXYLIC ACID 2-THIOPHENECARBOXYLIC HYDRAZIDE 3-ACETYLINDOLE 3-AMINO-1,2,4-TRIAZINE 3-AMINO-L-TYROSINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE MONOHYDRATE 3-CARBETHOXY-2-PIPERIDONE 3-CHLOROCYCLOBUTANONE SOLUTION 3-CHLORO-2-NITROBENZOIC ACID 3-(DIETHYLAMINO)-7-[[P-(DIMETHYLAMINO)PHENYL]AZO]-5-PHENAZINIUM CHLORIDE 3-HYDROXYTROSINE 1 9/26/2005 NON-HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS May Be Disposed Of Via Sanitary Sewer or Solid Waste 3-HYDROXYTYRAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE 3-METHYL-1-PHENYL-2-PYRAZOLIN-5-ONE -
APPENDIX G Acid Dissociation Constants
harxxxxx_App-G.qxd 3/8/10 1:34 PM Page AP11 APPENDIX G Acid Dissociation Constants § ϭ 0.1 M 0 ؍ (Ionic strength ( † ‡ † Name Structure* pKa Ka pKa ϫ Ϫ5 Acetic acid CH3CO2H 4.756 1.75 10 4.56 (ethanoic acid) N ϩ H3 ϫ Ϫ3 Alanine CHCH3 2.344 (CO2H) 4.53 10 2.33 ϫ Ϫ10 9.868 (NH3) 1.36 10 9.71 CO2H ϩ Ϫ5 Aminobenzene NH3 4.601 2.51 ϫ 10 4.64 (aniline) ϪO SNϩ Ϫ4 4-Aminobenzenesulfonic acid 3 H3 3.232 5.86 ϫ 10 3.01 (sulfanilic acid) ϩ NH3 ϫ Ϫ3 2-Aminobenzoic acid 2.08 (CO2H) 8.3 10 2.01 ϫ Ϫ5 (anthranilic acid) 4.96 (NH3) 1.10 10 4.78 CO2H ϩ 2-Aminoethanethiol HSCH2CH2NH3 —— 8.21 (SH) (2-mercaptoethylamine) —— 10.73 (NH3) ϩ ϫ Ϫ10 2-Aminoethanol HOCH2CH2NH3 9.498 3.18 10 9.52 (ethanolamine) O H ϫ Ϫ5 4.70 (NH3) (20°) 2.0 10 4.74 2-Aminophenol Ϫ 9.97 (OH) (20°) 1.05 ϫ 10 10 9.87 ϩ NH3 ϩ ϫ Ϫ10 Ammonia NH4 9.245 5.69 10 9.26 N ϩ H3 N ϩ H2 ϫ Ϫ2 1.823 (CO2H) 1.50 10 2.03 CHCH CH CH NHC ϫ Ϫ9 Arginine 2 2 2 8.991 (NH3) 1.02 10 9.00 NH —— (NH2) —— (12.1) CO2H 2 O Ϫ 2.24 5.8 ϫ 10 3 2.15 Ϫ Arsenic acid HO As OH 6.96 1.10 ϫ 10 7 6.65 Ϫ (hydrogen arsenate) (11.50) 3.2 ϫ 10 12 (11.18) OH ϫ Ϫ10 Arsenious acid As(OH)3 9.29 5.1 10 9.14 (hydrogen arsenite) N ϩ O H3 Asparagine CHCH2CNH2 —— —— 2.16 (CO2H) —— —— 8.73 (NH3) CO2H *Each acid is written in its protonated form. -
Utilization of Anthranilic and Nitrobenzoic Acids by Nocardia Opaca and a Flavobacteriurn
J. gen. Microbial. (1966),42, 219-235 Printed in Great Britain Utilization of Anthranilic and Nitrobenzoic Acids by Nocardia opaca and a Flavobacteriurn BY R. B. CAIN Depadnaent of Microbiology, OkEahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, U.S.A. and Department of Botany, University of Newcastle upon Tyne” (Received 11 May 1965, accepted 16 September 1965) SUMMARY Anthranilic and o-nitrobenzoic acids act as mutual inhibitors of both growth and substrate oxidation for Nocardia opaca and a flavobacterium which can utilize either substance as sole source of carbon, nitrogen and energy, Growth of the former bacterium on anthranilate induced, appar- ently simultaneously, both the transport system for anthranilate uptake and the enzymic mechanism necessary for its complete oxidation to CO, and NH3. Among the enzymes induced by anthranilate was the complete sequence that oxidizes catechol to /3-oxoadipate; this was absent from organisms grown in fumarate or glucose media. The properties of the first enzyme in this sequence, a catechol-l,2-oxygenase, differ in several features from those of the same enzyme induced in this bacterium by growth on o-nitrobenzoic acid. INTRODUCTION Anthranilic (o-aminobenzoic) acid is an important intermediary metabolite in both biosynthetic and catabolic pathways in micro-organisms. It serves for in- stance as a precursor for tryptophan in Aerobacter aerogews and Escherichia coli (Doy & Gibson, 1961), in Nmrospora CT~SSQ(Yanofsky, 1956; Yanofsky & Rach- meler, 1958) and in saccharomyces mutants (Lingens, Hildinger & Hellman, 1958). Hydroxylation of anthranilic acid, in the 3-position, has been observed with rat liver preparations (Wiss & Hellman, 1953) but no hydroxylation of anthranilic acid has been conclusively demonstrated in micro-organisms. -
The Catabolism and Transport of Arginine By
THE CATABOLISM AND TRANSPORT OF ARGININE BY PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA by KATHLEEN ANNE COOK B.Sc. , University of British Columbia, 1967 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE In the Department of of M icrob iology r We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA February, 1971 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the Head of my Department or by his representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Depa rtment The University of British Columbia Vancouver 8, Canada Date i i ABSTRACT Pseudomonas aeruginosa was shown to constitutively degrade arginine via the arginine dihydrolase pathway to ornithine, which was converted both to glutamate and to putrescine. The conversion of ornithine to glutamate appeared to be the major route of arginine degradation in this organism, and was induced to higher activity after growth of the cells with arginine as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen. P_. aeruginosa did not further degrade putrescine constitutively. However, growth of the cells in arginine resulted in a partial induction of succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase, an enzyme functioning in putrescine degradation. The anabolic ornithine transcarbamylase of P_. aerug i nosa was repressed after growth of the organism in the presence of arginine. -
Chemicals Required for the Illicit Manufacture of Drugs Table 1 SUBSTANCES in TABLES I and II of the 1988 CONVENTION
Chemicals Required 1. A variety of chemicals are used in the illicit manufacture of for the Illicit drugs. The United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Manufacture of Drugs Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances of 1988 (1988 Convention) refers to “substances frequently used in the illicit manufacture of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances”. Twenty-two such substances are listed in Tables I and II of the 1988 Convention as in force on 1st May, 1998. (See Table1) Table 1 Table I Table II SUBSTANCES IN N-Acetylanthranilic acid. Acetic anhydride TABLES I AND II OF Ephedrine Acetone THE 1988 Ergometrine Anthranilic acid CONVENTION Ergotamine Ethyl ether Isosafrole Hydrochloric acid* Lysergic acid Methyl ethyl ketone 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl-2-propanone Phenylacetic acid 1-phenyl-2-propanone Piperidine Piperonal Potassium permanganate Pseudoephedrine Sulphuric acid* Safrole Toluene The salts of the substances in this Table The salts of the substances whenever the existence of such salts is in this Table whenever the possible. existence of such salts is possible. * The salts of hydrochloric acid and sulphuric acid are specifically excluded from Table II. U N D C P 11 The term “precursor” is used to indicate any of these substances in the two Tables. Chemicals used in the illicit manufacture of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances are often described as precursors or essential chemicals, and these include true precursors, solvents, oxidising agents and other Chemicals used in the illicit manufacture of narcotic substances. Although the term is not drugs and psychotropic substances are often technically correct, it has become common described as precursors or essential chemicals, and practice to refer to all such substances as these include true precursors, solvents, oxidising “precursors”. -
PEREGRINO-THESIS-2017.Pdf (6.329Mb)
Biochemical studies in the elucidation of genes involved in tropane alkaloid production in Erythroxylum coca and Erythroxylum novogranatense by Olga P. Estrada, B. S. A Thesis In Chemical Biology Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Texas Tech University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCES Approved Dr. John C. D’Auria Chair of Committee Dr. David W. Nes Co-chair of Committee Mark Sheridan Dean of the Graduate School May, 2017 Copyright 2017, Olga P. Estrada Texas Tech University, Olga P. Estrada, May 2017 AKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank my mentor and advisor Dr. John C. D’Auria, for providing me with the tools to become a scientist, and offering me his unconditional support. Thanks to the members of the D’Auria lab, especially Neill Kim and Benjamin Chavez for their aid during my experimental studies. And of course, thank you to my family for always giving me the strength to pursue my goals. ii Texas Tech University, Olga P. Estrada, May 2017 TABLE OF CONTENTS AKNOWLEDGMENTS ........................................................................................................... ii ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................... v LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................. vi LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................... vii CHAPTER I ......................................................................................................................... -
Score Plot of Principal Component Analysis Model Derived from the GC‐TOF‐MS Profiles of Liver Samples
Figure S1: Score plot of principal component analysis model derived from the GC‐TOF‐MS profiles of liver samples. Same volume of supernatant from each sample after preprocessing was mixed as a quality control (QC) sample. Blue points represent normal samples and green points mean QC samples. Figure S2: Score plot of principal component analysis model derived from the GC‐TOF‐MS profiles of jejunal content samples. Same volume of supernatant from each sample after preprocessing was mixed as a quality control (QC) sample. Blue points represent normal samples and green points mean QC samples. Figure S3: Score plot of principal component analysis model derived from the GC‐TOF‐MS profiles of ileal content samples. Same volume of supernatant from each sample after preprocessing was mixed as a quality control (QC) sample. Blue points represent normal samples and green points mean QC samples. Figure S4: Score plot of principal component analysis model derived from the GC‐TOF‐MS profiles of cecal content samples. Same volume of supernatant from each sample after preprocessing was mixed as a quality control (QC) sample. Blue points represent normal samples and green points mean QC samples. Table S1: The differential metabolites in liver on day 12 of overfeeding Differential Metabolites1 T/C2 P Trend3 proline 3.80 <0.001 ↑ Isomaltose 0.42 <0.001 ↓ guanosine 0.22 <0.001 ↓ inosine 0.29 <0.001 ↓ 6‐phosphogluconic acid 0.36 <0.001 ↓ N‐Methyl‐L‐glutamic acid 0.31 <0.001 ↓ 3‐phosphoglycerate 0.25 <0.001 ↓ 5ʹ‐methylthiodenosine 0.31 <0.001 ↓ L‐cysteine -
Free-Amino Acid Metabolic Profiling of Visceral Adipose Tissue from Obese
Amino Acids (2020) 52:1125–1137 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-020-02877-6 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Free‑amino acid metabolic profling of visceral adipose tissue from obese subjects M. C. Piro1 · M. Tesauro2 · A. M. Lena1 · P. Gentileschi3 · G. Sica3 · G. Rodia2 · M. Annicchiarico‑Petruzzelli4 · V. Rovella2 · C. Cardillo5 · G. Melino1,6 · E. Candi1,4 · N. Di Daniele2 Received: 14 October 2019 / Accepted: 26 July 2020 / Published online: 5 August 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020 Abstract Interest in adipose tissue pathophysiology and biochemistry have expanded considerably in the past two decades due to the ever increasing and alarming rates of global obesity and its critical outcome defned as metabolic syndrome (MS). This obesity-linked systemic dysfunction generates high risk factors of developing perilous diseases like type 2 diabetes, cardio- vascular disease or cancer. Amino acids could play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of the MS onset. Focus of this study was to fully characterize amino acids metabolome modulations in visceral adipose tissues (VAT) from three adult cohorts: (i) obese patients (BMI 43–48) with metabolic syndrome (PO), (ii) obese subjects metabolically well (O), and (iii) non obese individuals (H). 128 metabolites identifed as 20 protein amino acids, 85 related compounds and 13 dipeptides were measured by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy (UPLC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography-/ mass spectrometry GC/MS, in visceral fat samples from a total of 53 patients. Our analysis indicates a probable enhanced BCAA (leucine, isoleucine, valine) degradation in both VAT from O and PO subjects, while levels of their oxidation prod- ucts are increased. -
Synthesis of Heterocycles from Anthranilic Acid and Its Derivatives
Synthesis of Heterocycles from Anthranilic acid and its Derivatives Per Wiklund All previously published papers were reproduced with permission from the publisher. Published and printed by Karolinska University Press Box 200, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden © Per Wiklund, 2004 ISBN 91-7349-913-7 Abstract Anthranilic acid (2-aminobenzoic acid, Aa) is the biochemical precursor to the amino acid tryptophan, as well as a catabolic product of tryptophan in animals. It is also integrated into many alkaloids isolated from plants. Aa is produced industrially for production of dyestuffs and pharmaceuticals. The dissertation gives a historical background and a short review on the reactivity of Aa. The synthesis of several types of nitrogen heterocycles from Aa is discussed. Treatment of anthranilonitrile (2-aminobenzonitrile, a derivative of Aa) with organomagnesium compounds gave deprotonation and addition to the nitrile triple bond to form amine-imine complexed dianions. Capture of these intermediate with acyl halides normally gave aromatic quinazolines, a type of heterocyclic compounds that is considered to be highly interesting as scaffolds for development of new drugs. When the acyl halide was a tertiary 2-haloacyl halide, the reaction instead gave 1,4- benzodiazepine-3-ones via rearrangement. These compounds are isomeric to the common benzodiazepine drugs (such as diazepam, Valium®) which are 1,4- benzodiazepine-2-ones. Capture of the dianions with aldehydes or ketones, led to 1,2- dihydroquinazolines. Unsubstituted imine anions could be formed by treatment of anthranilonitrile with diisobutylaluminium hydride. Also in this case capture with aldehydes gave 1,2-dihydroquinazolines. Several different dicarboxylic acid derivatives of Aa were treated with dehydrating reagents, and the resulting products were more or less complex 1,3-benzoxazinones, one of which required X-ray crystallography confirm its structure. -
On the Effect of Anthranilic Acid. (2)
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Kyoto University Research Information Repository Studies on the Biosynthesis of Pyocyanine. (VIII) : On the Title Effect of Anthranilic Acid. (2) Author(s) Kurachi, Mamoru Bulletin of the Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto Citation University (1959), 37(2): 101-111 Issue Date 1959-07-10 URL http://hdl.handle.net/2433/75698 Right Type Departmental Bulletin Paper Textversion publisher Kyoto University Studies on the Biosynthesis of Pyocyanine. (VIII) On the Effect of Anthranilic Acid. (2) MamoruKURACHI* (KatagiriLaboratory) ReceivedFebruary 4, 1959 As an evidencesupporting the possibilityof anthranilic acid to bean intermediatein pyocyaninesynthesis, it was foundthat anthranilicacid was accumulatedin the medium of bacteriumPseudomonas aeruginosa, cultured in the presenceof inhibitoryagent, and that pyocyanine could be synthesizedfrom anthranilicacid in resting system,by ad- ministeringglutamic acid or glycine.It has beenresulted that theinhibitory agent such as aniline,o-phenylenediamine and p-aminobenzoicacid shouldbe a metaboliteanalogue of anthranilicacid. On the other hand,anthranilic acid has been demonstratedto be formedthrough bothanabolic and catabolicpathways, and postulatedto be, in part, deriveddirectly from indoleby oxidativecleavage of its nucleusas a reversereaction of the conversion of anthranilicacid to indole. INTRODUCTION In the precedingwork'' designed according to the conceptthat the aromatic compoundrevealing an inhibitoryaction -
Aspects of Nitrogen Metabolism in Polyporus
ASPECTS OF NITROGEN METABOLISM IN POLYPORUS TUMULOSUS A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES BY JOHN FRANCIS WILLIAMS 8I0MEOICAL roH ^^UBRARIE^^y MIN JO * SCHOOL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES JANUARY 1957 TO DECEMBER I960 This work was carried out as a part-time study between January 1957 and December I960, in the School of Biological Sciences of the University of New South ./ales. The material incorporated in this thesis has not been submitted towards a degree in any other University. With the exception of the data in Table 19 and the phenolic acid analyses reported in Figure 1$, the results submitted are my own unaided work. Williams. TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements i Summary ii 1. INTRODUCTION 1 SURVEY OF LITERATURE - NITROGEN METABOLISM IN FUNGI Introduction 3 t 2. INORGANIC NITROGEN METABOLISM 4 Nitrate Assimilation 4 Nitrite Nitrogen 10 Hyponitrite Reduction 12 Hydroxylamine Reduction 14 Oxime Pathway 15 Ammonia Nitrogen 16 Nitrogen IS 3. THE UTILIZATION OF AMINO ACIDS BY FUNGI 19 The Catabolism of Amino Acids 20 Synthesis and Interconversion of Amino Acids in Fungi 24 (1) The Glutamic Acid Group 27 (2) The Aspartic Acid Group 36 (3) Lysine 42 (4) The Pyruvic Acid Group of Amino Acids 43 (5) Histidine 46 (6) The Serine Group 51 (7) The Aromatic Amino Acids 56 4. URSA AND UREIDES 62 The Occurrence of Urea and its Precursors in Fungi 62 5. THE METABOLISM OF THE NUCLEIC ACIDS AND THEIR CONSTITUENTS 70 The Degradation of Nucleic Acid Derivatives by Fungi 70 The Uptake, Interconversion and Synthesis of Purines and Pyrimidines by Fungi 75 6.