Pamber and Tadley Plantations and Heath
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1A: PAMBER AND TADLEY PLANTATIONS AND HEATH Silchester Roman settlement – on the eastern edge of the character areas overlooking the lowlands to the east. Small pasture fields near Tadley Hill ©Pamber Forest © Colin Bates - Soke Pig farm near Tadley Soke Pig Pam Brophy- Geograph Geograph Farm © Graham Horn - Geograph St Peters Church nr Tadley © Pam Pamber Heath piecemeal linear Stream at Haughurst Hill, wooded Brophy - Geograph housing development along main steep sided stream valley west roads © Colin Bates - Geograph Tadley. © Geograph Hampshire County 1 Status: FINAL May 2012 Integrated Character Assessment Pamber and Tadley Plantations and Heath . Hampshire County 2 Status: FINAL May 2012 Integrated Character Assessment Pamber and Tadley Plantations and Heath . 1.0 Location and Boundaries 1.1 This Character Area is characterised by assart woodland and enclosures along with remnant heath and a significant concentration of Roman archaeology. The northern boundary of this character area is defined by the County boundary although the character of this landscape extends beyond to the north. To the south the landscape is defined by the gradual transition into the more open, mixed farmland landscape of character area 2A. 1.2 Component County Landscape Types Lowland Mosaic Heath Associated, Woodland and Plantation on Heath, Settlement – including Pamber Heath, Tadley and Silchester 1.3 Composition of Borough/District LCAs: Basingstoke and Dean North Silchester Wolverton (small part) North Sherborne (small part) This character area is more extensive than the Borough North Silchester character area which is drawn closely to reflect the extent of mixed heath and plantation woodland over heath and acid sandy soils. This character area includes settlement that grew up along the edge of, and had grazing commoner’s rights to, the heath commons such as Tadley and Baughurst. Hence it includes the mixed farmland and woodland small scale landscape type associated with this piecemeal development. 1.4 Associations with NCAs and Natural Areas: NCA 129: Thames Basin Heaths NA 66: London Basin 2.0 Key Characteristics • Gently undulating plateau landscape with areas of more pronounced undulations associated with water courses. • Mixture of soils ranging from sandy poor soils in the north to less well drained soils in the south. • Rich biodiversity due to the mosaic of woodland, heathland, wetland and grassland habitats. • Extensive areas of coniferous heath plantation and assart woodland giving an enclosed wooded character. • Remnant areas of dry heathland e.g. Silchester Common. Hampshire County 3 Status: FINAL May 2012 Integrated Character Assessment Pamber and Tadley Plantations and Heath . • Medium scaled assart enclosures supporting predominantly pastoral landuse with some areas of arable. • Limited views out of this landscape as result of plateau character and extent of woodland cover, especially conifer plantations. • Principle periods of exploitation appear to be Bronze and Iron Age, Roman and mid to late 20th century – with little in between. • Important area for Roman archaeology associated with the Roman town of Silchester. • Quiet, rural character. 3.0 Physical Characteristics and Land Use 3.1 Much of this character area forms a gently undulating plateau which is dissected by water courses particularly in the northeast and southwest. In these latter areas the landform can take on a more pronounced undulating form. Land rises to just over 100m AOD in the north around Heath End and slopes generally in a southerly direction to approximately 70m AOD. 3.2 The northern fringes of this landscape are underlain predominantly by plateau gravels giving rise to heath soils and resulting in acid loving vegetation. Further south the soils are well drained, fine and silty progressively becoming influenced by clay deposits and resulting in slowly permeable soils. Landuse is a mixture of woodland (native and plantation), remnant patches of dry heath and pasture, with only limited patches of arable. This in part can be attributed to the sensitivity of the area for buried and upstanding archaeology and the implementation of management agreements with local landowners accordingly. Agricultural land quality is generally medium quality with small patches of lower quality along river course e.g. around West End Brook and Ashford Hill Meadows. 3.3 The distinct heath associated vegetation and areas of coniferous heath plantation gives rise to contrasting areas of semi-natural vegetation on the commons through to more formal managed and uniform landscape within the plantations e.g. Benyan’s Inclosure and Hundred Acre Piece. 3.4 In addition to the plantations this landscape has a high concentration of broadleaved woodland e.g. Pamber Forest and smaller copses. Between the copses is a pattern of medium scaled fields defined by thick hedgerows with hedgerow trees. 3.5 Adjacent to urban areas land has been used for recreational purposes such as Tadley Common (common rights now extinguished) and Bishopswood Golf Club to the south of Tadley. 3.6 This character area falls within the Environment Agency River Kennet/ Enborne catchment area to the west and River Kennet/Foudry Brook catchment area to the east. There are two watercourses which dissect this area and flow eastwards namely West End Brook and Bishop’s Wood Stream. Kiln Pond (located on the West End Brook) is the only water body in this character area. Hampshire County 4 Status: FINAL May 2012 Integrated Character Assessment Pamber and Tadley Plantations and Heath . 4.0 Experiential/Perceptual Characteristics 4.1 This is an inward looking landscape with medium to short range views contained by vegetation and topography. The maturity of the woodland, hedgerows and trees coupled with the remains of archaeological earthworks projects a strong but disjointed historic character where Roman archaeological remains are isolated elements superseded by a pattern which is more recent. 4.2 Key attractions in this landscape are the Roman remains of Silchester Roman Town (Roman wall and earthworks) and features such as the Roman Amphitheatre. In addition to this there is a central swathe of accessible broadleaved woodland (Pamber Forest) which cuts through this character area linking areas of former common e.g. Silchester Common and providing open access. Ashford Hill Meadows located in the east of this character area is a National Nature Reserve and also provides open access. There is a medium density of public rights of way throughout this area connecting into areas of more open access. 4.3 Much of this area retains a quiet character, although its predominately rural nature is disrupted in western parts by the urban influence of Tadley, and Pamber Heath. Areas of open common can appear rough and unmanaged in appearance increasing a sense of naturalness and contrasting with the more managed areas of conifer plantation or urban development. Night light pollution from urban areas of Tadley and Pamber Heath undermines tranquillity. 5.0 Biodiversity Character 5.1 This landscape character area contains agricultural habitats, woodland and heath associated habitats particularly to the west and south. In the north of the area there is a large residential area associated with Tadley, while to the east there is an area of coniferous woodland containing patches of remnant parkland and broadleaved woodland. In the north there are some small patches of lowland heath with associated bracken growth. These contain a mix of habitats including dry heath, mires, bare ground, open water, acid grassland, scrub and wooded areas and provide important and specialist habitats. 5.2 There is a sizeable area of active coppice with standards in the southeast of the area, associated with Pamber Forest. Hazel coppice with oak and ash standards relate to the historical production of hazel wattle sheep hurdling and can support rich flora and butterfly populations if the coppice is cut regularly. There are occasional small ponds and patches of marshy grassland in this character area which can support wetland species and provide important variation within the wider habitat mosaic. Ancient and semi-natural woodland is fairly widespread through this landscape and much of it is covered by nature conservation designations. 5.3 There are three SSSIs designated in this landscape character area including Pamber Forest and Silchester Common SSSI and LNR (consisting of an area of ancient oak woodland, with two heathland commons and a series of unimproved wet meadows), Ron Ward’s Meadow with Tadley Pastures SSSI (comprising unimproved meadows traditionally managed for hay production -the south facing sloping nature of the site gives rise to habitat variation illustrated by the 28 ancient grassland species) and, Ashford Hills Woods and Meadows SSSI (comprising ancient oak woodlands with some stands of hazel and ash adjacent to dry and wet pastures). Hampshire County 5 Status: FINAL May 2012 Integrated Character Assessment Pamber and Tadley Plantations and Heath . 5.4 This area is part of two Biodiversity Opportunity Areas. In the west, Ashford Hills BOA is made up of a range of habitats, including ancient woodland, wet woodland, lowland meadows and rush pastures. The intimate juxtaposition of habitats within a small area gives rise to great biological richness. In the east of the area, Silchester/Tadley BOA comprises lowland heath and dry acid grasslands along with mixed woodlands and wet woodlands and covers heathlands which support woodlark, nightjar and Dartford warbler, three species listed in Annex 1 of the EC Directive on the Conservation of Birds. 5.5 There are over 35 SINCs within this landscape character area, mainly designated for the ancient and semi-natural woodlands they support. Benyon’s Inclosure is a large SINC, covering 182 hectares and designated because it contains ancient and semi- natural woodlands, including species limited to Hampshire, along with areas of woodland over heathland with sufficient remnant heath to enable habitat recovery. Hundred Acre and Fifty Acre Pieces SINC is also an area of woodland over heathland with sufficient remnant heath to enable habitat recovery.